CN104634536A - Economic and efficient opening direct current type ice wind tunnel - Google Patents
Economic and efficient opening direct current type ice wind tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN104634536A CN104634536A CN201510044171.9A CN201510044171A CN104634536A CN 104634536 A CN104634536 A CN 104634536A CN 201510044171 A CN201510044171 A CN 201510044171A CN 104634536 A CN104634536 A CN 104634536A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an economic and efficient opening direct current type ice wind tunnel, which comprises an air inlet, a power section, a diffusion section, a stabilization section, an ice and snow particle generating section and a test section in sequential connection, wherein a liquid nitrogen spray head and a pneumatic spray head are arranged in the ice and snow particle generating section, the nitrogen spray head is connected with a liquid nitrogen source through a liquid nitrogen pipeline for forming a liquid nitrogen refrigeration system, and the pneumatic spray head is connected with a pressure air source and a pressure water source through a mixing pipeline for forming a water particle generating system; a fan is arranged in the power section. The economic and efficient opening direct current type ice wind tunnel has the advantages that the process is simple, the single-time test cost is low, the test efficiency is high, and the manufacturing cost is low. The defects that the large-scale ice wind tunnel needs to be provided with large-scale refrigeration deicing equipment, the cost is high, and in addition, the test period is long are overcome. The requirements of ordinary ice and snow particle fluid teaching and scientific research and experiments can also be met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of opening single flow icing tunnel of economical and efficient, can be used for the research of aerospace field containing crystal ice granule flowing and the simulation of structural engineering field long span building roof system and the drift of surrounding charming appearance and behaviour accumulated snow.
Background technology
Wind-tunnel manually to produce and to control air-flow, with the flowing of simulated flight device or object ambient gas, and air-flow can be measured to the effect of object and a kind of pipe-like experimental facilities observing physical phenomenon, it carries out the most frequently used, the most effective instrument of aerodynamic experiment.Wind tunnel test not only plays an important role in the research and development of aerospace engineering, along with the development of industrial aerodynamics, also plays more and more important effect in the field such as communications and transportation, building construction.It has following remarkable advantage: 1. can Control release condition more exactly, as the speed, pressure, temperature etc. of air-flow; 2. test and carry out in indoor, the impact of climate condition and time is little, and the installation of model and testing tool, operation, use are more convenient; 3. experimental project and content varied, the degree of accuracy of experimental result is higher; 4. test safer, and efficiency is high, cost is low.Therefore, wind tunnel experiment in the development of aerodynamic research, various aircraft, and in industrial aerodynamics with other with in air-flow or the relevant field of wind, be all widely used.
Wherein, icing tunnel is a kind of test unit that can produce crystal ice granule fluid in wind tunnel body, and it also can simulate icing meteorology condition during aircraft except simulating except the flight progress of aircraft.Under icing meteorology condition, in cloud layer, there is the super-cooling waterdrop of a large amount of temperature existed in liquid form lower than zero degree.When aircraft flies under this meteorological condition, super-cooling waterdrop strikes the windward side of aircraft, and make these surfaces icing phenomenon occur thus cause airfoil lift to reduce, resistance increases, degradation under maneuvering performance.Practice shows, aircraft icing phenomenon can cause great harm to the flight safety of aircraft.Therefore, the freeze research of aspect of relevant aircraft launches in succession, and wherein, numerical simulation and experimental study are the main approaches in this field.And icing mnncl tcst carries out aircraft to freeze and the most important research technique of anti-icing architectural study.Meanwhile, icing tunnel also can be applicable to building structure field.Such as, long span building structure roof surface can cause the uneven distribution of roofing snow load due to wind effect, structure collapses accident caused thus happens occasionally, and the research of associated charming appearance and behaviour accumulated snow drift starts the attention causing the developed countries such as the U.S. from the nineties in last century.At present, China has also progressively carried out research in this respect.And be one of the important research method in this field by the drift of icing mnncl tcst research charming appearance and behaviour accumulated snow for the impact of longspan structure.The device that can generate crystal ice granule flowing gas of generally acknowledging at present is large-scale icing tunnel laboratory, it adopts large-scale refrigeration plant to generate cryogenic gas, thus the particle water making air-blast atomizer spray is converted into ice particle, involve great expense, operation and maintenance cost is also very high, be used for industrial experimentation, general scientific research and testing are difficult to bear.And the large-scale icing mnncl tcst cycle is longer, usually need time a couple of days for generating required low temperature environment, this also considerably increases the funds and time that carry out scientific research and testing.Therefore, research and develop a kind of high-level efficiency, to be applicable to the icing tunnel laboratory of middle and small scale icing tunnel scientific research and testing necessary.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of opening single flow icing tunnel of economical and efficient for solving in known technology the technical matters that exists, it had both overcome large-scale icing tunnel needs to be equipped with large-scale refrigeration deicing equipment, the with high costs and shortcoming that the test period is long, can meet again the requirement of the teaching of general ice and snow fluid, scientific research and testing.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes for the technical matters existed in solution known technology is: a kind of opening single flow icing tunnel of economical and efficient, comprises the air intake opening, power section, diffuser, stable section, ice and snow particles generation section and the test section that connect successively; Liquid nitrogen shower nozzle and pneumatic sprayhead is provided with in described ice and snow particles generation section, described liquid nitrogen shower nozzle connects and composes liquid nitrogen refrigerating system by liquid nitrogen pipeline and liquid nitrogen source, and described pneumatic sprayhead connects and composes particle water generation system by mixed pipe line and pressure gas source and pressure water source; In described power section, blower fan is installed.
This icing tunnel also comprises mixing contraction section, and described mixing contraction section is connected between described ice and snow particles generation section and described test section.
Described pressure water source is connected with described mixed pipe line by pressure water line, and described pressure water line is provided with Heat preservation equipment.
In the exit of described pressure water source, pressure water source valve is installed.
Temperature and flow measurement device is provided with in the exit of described mixing contraction section.
Described pressure gas source is connected with described mixed pipe line by pressed gas pipeline, is provided with pressure gas source valve in the exit of described pressure gas source.
In the exit of described liquid nitrogen source, liquid nitrogen source valve is installed.
Described liquid nitrogen source is made up of Dewar flask and the liquid nitrogen be stored in wherein.
The advantage that the present invention has and good effect are: on the basis of conventional wind-tunnel, set up ice and snow generation section by adopting, and make ice and snow generate the structure of section connection liquid nitrogen refrigerating system and particle water generation system, liquid nitrogen is adopted to produce ultralow temperature gas refrigeration in ice and snow particles generation section, and mix with particle water and generate ice and snow particle, the low temperature environment needed for test can be reached and produce the ice and snow particle meeting testing requirements within several minutes, there is technique simple, single test expense is low, the advantage of test efficiency height and low cost of manufacture, overcome large-scale icing tunnel to need to be equipped with large-scale refrigeration deicing equipment, the shortcoming that the with high costs and test period is grown, the teaching of general ice and snow granule fluid can be met again, the requirement of scientific research and testing.The present invention is formed by transforming conventional existing wind-tunnel, wind-tunnel ice and snow particles generation section and mixing contraction section being installed at different size, different wind speed (low-speed wind tunnel, high-speed wind tunnel etc.) can be applied to the scientific research and testing of different field (as Aero-Space, building structure etc.).And after ice and snow particles generation section and mixing contraction section are removed, can be used as again common wind-tunnel and use.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is ice and snow particles generation section three-dimensional cutaway view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is ice and snow particles generation section section plan of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is mixing contraction section three-dimensional cutaway view of the present invention.
In figure: 1, air intake opening; 2, power section; 3, diffuser; 4, stable section; 5, ice and snow particles generation section; 6, contraction section is mixed; 7, test section; 8, liquid nitrogen refrigerating system; 9, particle water generation system; 10, liquid nitrogen source; 11, pressure gas source; 12, pressure water source; 13, Heat preservation equipment; 14, liquid nitrogen shower nozzle; 15, pneumatic sprayhead; 16, temperature and flow measurement device; 17, liquid nitrogen pipeline; 18, liquid nitrogen source valve; 19, pressed gas pipeline; 20, pressure gas source valve; 21, pressure water line; 22, pressure water source valve; 23, test model.
Embodiment
For summary of the invention of the present invention, Characteristic can be understood further, hereby exemplify following examples, and coordinate accompanying drawing to be described in detail as follows:
Refer to Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 4, a kind of opening single flow icing tunnel of economical and efficient, comprise the air intake opening 1, power section 2, diffuser 3, stable section 4, ice and snow particles generation section 5 and the test section 7 that connect successively.
Liquid nitrogen shower nozzle 14 and pneumatic sprayhead 15 is provided with in described ice and snow particles generation section 5, described liquid nitrogen shower nozzle 14 connects and composes liquid nitrogen refrigerating system 8 by liquid nitrogen pipeline 17 and liquid nitrogen source 10, and described pneumatic sprayhead 15 connects and composes particle water generation system 9 by mixed pipe line and pressure gas source 11 and pressure water source 12.In described power section 2, blower fan is installed.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned icing tunnel also comprises mixing contraction section 6, and described mixing contraction section 6 is connected between described ice and snow particles generation section 5 and described test section 7.Described pressure water source 12 is connected with described mixed pipe line by pressure water line 21, and described pressure water line 21 is provided with Heat preservation equipment 13.In the exit of described pressure water source 12, pressure water source valve 22 is installed.Temperature and flow measurement device 16 is provided with in the exit of described mixing contraction section 6.Described pressure gas source 11 is connected with described mixed pipe line by pressed gas pipeline 19, is provided with pressure gas source valve 20 in the exit of described pressure gas source 11.In the exit of described liquid nitrogen source 10, liquid nitrogen source valve 18 is installed.Described liquid nitrogen source 10 is made up of Dewar flask and the liquid nitrogen be stored in wherein.
For avoiding produced ice and snow backflow of particles to cause the motor devices such as power section inner blower to damage fault, wind-tunnel of the present invention is designed to opening single flow.Meanwhile, because ice and snow particle generated before entering test section 7, the wind-tunnel major part stage is not affected, in test, only need focus on the maintenance for mixing contraction section 6 and test section 7.
The principle of work of above-mentioned icing tunnel each several part is as follows:
Liquid nitrogen refrigerating system 8 provides the ultra-low temperature liquid nitrogen generated needed for crystal ice granule, and is sprayed by liquid nitrogen shower nozzle 14.In the present embodiment, this liquid nitrogen refrigerating system is made up of liquid nitrogen source 10, liquid nitrogen pipeline 17, liquid nitrogen shower nozzle 15 and liquid nitrogen source valve 18.Liquid nitrogen is flowed out by liquid nitrogen source 10, through liquid nitrogen pipeline 17, be ejected in the ice and snow particles generation section 5 of wind-tunnel from liquid nitrogen shower nozzle 14, liquid nitrogen is rapid vaporization in ice and snow particles generation section 5, produce ultralow temperature gas, and mix with stable section in wind-tunnel 4 incoming flow and produce cold air, control liquid nitrogen flow by liquid nitrogen source pressure valve 18, thus control refrigeration.General control is between-30 DEG C to-10 DEG C.
Particle water generation system 9 provides the tiny particle water generated needed for ice and snow particle, and is sprayed by pneumatic sprayhead 15.In the present embodiment, this particle water generation system is made up of pneumatic sprayhead 15, pressure water source 12, pressure gas source 11, pressed gas pipeline 19, pressure water line 21, Heat preservation equipment 13, pressure gas source valve 20, pressure water source valve 22 and mixed pipe line.Press water in pressed gas in pressure gas source 11 and pressure water source 12 flows through respective pipeline respectively and enters mixed pipe line, is entering pneumatic sprayhead 15 forward slip value, is producing tiny particle water and sprayed by pneumatic sprayhead 15 by pneumatic sprayhead 15.By regulating pressure gas source valve 20 and pressure water source valve 22 controlled pressure gas and press water flow respectively.Be in extremely low temperature environment because pneumatic sprayhead 15 affects by cold air incoming flow, water body condensation in shower nozzle may be caused, blocking shower nozzle.Occur for preventing this phenomenon, pressure water line arranges heat insulation and heating equipment 13, to the water body heating in pressure water line 21, the water temperature that shower nozzle is sprayed is unlikely to too low, and extend the length of pressure water line 21 as far as possible, thus extending the heat time, the water temperature that shower nozzle is sprayed reaches about 20 DEG C, thus ensures that pneumatic sprayhead is unimpeded.
The fully mixing in mixing contraction section 6 of cold air and particle water, generates the fluid containing crystal ice granule, and enters test section 7 after accelerating to test required flow rate by contraction, thus simulation forms ice and snow fluid environment in test section 7.In the exit of mixing contraction section 7, temperature and flow measurement device 16 are installed, thus monitor the actual fluid flow and the temperature that enter test section.
Concrete use procedure of the present invention is as follows:
First open the blower fan being positioned at power section 2, in wind-tunnel, form steady air flow.Open the Heat preservation equipment 13 on pressure water source valve 22 and pressure water line, preheating is carried out to pressure water line and is incubated.Arrival predetermined temperature to be heated, during as 40 DEG C to 50 DEG C, closing presure water source valve 22 and Heat preservation equipment 13.Open liquid nitrogen source valve 18, wind-tunnel inner fluid is freezed, test model 23 is placed in test section 7 simultaneously.By regulator solution nitrogenous source valve 18, regulate refrigerant gas temperature in wind-tunnel.Treat that refrigerant gas temperature is down to predetermined value, during as-30 DEG C to-10 DEG C, open pressure gas source valve 20, pressure water source valve 22 and Heat preservation equipment 13, in ice and snow particles generation section 5, spray tiny particle water by pneumatic sprayhead 15, thus in icing tunnel, generate ice and snow granule fluid.Monitored actual temperature and the flow of ice and snow granule fluid by the temperature and flow measurement device 16 mixing contraction section, and by regulating the aperture of pressure gas source valve 20, pressure water source valve 22, regulate the concentration of ice and snow particle in ice and snow granule fluid in wind-tunnel.Thus reach or approach the condition of the required simulation of test as far as possible.
After predetermined test period to be achieved, first close liquid nitrogen source valve 18, pressure gas source valve 20, pressure water source valve 22 and Heat preservation equipment 13, when wind-tunnel inner fluid temperature return is to normal temperature, close the blower fan in power section 2.Survey record is carried out to test section, acquisition test data, terminate test.
Although be described the preferred embodiments of the present invention by reference to the accompanying drawings above; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment is only schematic; be not restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; do not departing under the ambit that present inventive concept and claim protect, can also make a lot of form, these all belong within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. an opening single flow icing tunnel for economical and efficient, is characterized in that, comprises the air intake opening, power section, diffuser, stable section, ice and snow particles generation section and the test section that connect successively; Liquid nitrogen shower nozzle and pneumatic sprayhead is provided with in described ice and snow particles generation section, described liquid nitrogen shower nozzle connects and composes liquid nitrogen refrigerating system by liquid nitrogen pipeline and liquid nitrogen source, and described pneumatic sprayhead connects and composes particle water generation system by mixed pipe line and pressure gas source and pressure water source; In described power section, blower fan is installed.
2. the opening single flow icing tunnel of economical and efficient according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this icing tunnel also comprises mixing contraction section, and described mixing contraction section is connected between described ice and snow particles generation section and described test section.
3. the opening single flow icing tunnel of economical and efficient according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described pressure water source is connected with described mixed pipe line by pressure water line, and described pressure water line is provided with Heat preservation equipment.
4. the opening single flow icing tunnel of economical and efficient according to claim 3, is characterized in that, be provided with pressure water source valve in the exit of described pressure water source.
5. the opening single flow icing tunnel of economical and efficient according to claim 2, is characterized in that, is provided with temperature and flow measurement device in the exit of described mixing contraction section.
6. the opening single flow icing tunnel of economical and efficient according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described pressure gas source is connected with described mixed pipe line by pressed gas pipeline, is provided with pressure gas source valve in the exit of described pressure gas source.
7. the opening single flow icing tunnel of economical and efficient according to claim 1, is characterized in that, be provided with liquid nitrogen source valve in the exit of described liquid nitrogen source.
8. the opening single flow icing tunnel of economical and efficient according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described liquid nitrogen source is made up of Dewar flask and the liquid nitrogen be stored in wherein.
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| CN104897358A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-09-09 | 北京航空航天大学 | Experiment apparatus applied to water film generation and measurement |
| CN105890249A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-08-24 | 何建东 | Rapid ice and snow making device |
| CN107219056A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-09-29 | 西北工业大学 | Continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system liquid nitrogen sprays into experimental section |
| CN107607285A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-01-19 | 重庆交通大学 | Offshore earthquake wind and snow environmental wind tunnel analogue means |
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| CN111157218A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-05-15 | 北京航空航天大学 | Large-scale circulation back cooling type low-temperature injection environment wind tunnel |
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| CN111284729A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2020-06-16 | 波音公司 | Ice crystal icing condition simulation method and system |
| CN111307476A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2020-06-19 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | Railway vehicle bogie area ice and snow test device |
| CN116088593A (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-05-09 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计与测试技术研究所 | Low-temperature wind tunnel liquid nitrogen jet bent frame flow control method, device and storage medium |
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| CN104897358A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-09-09 | 北京航空航天大学 | Experiment apparatus applied to water film generation and measurement |
| CN105890249A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-08-24 | 何建东 | Rapid ice and snow making device |
| CN107219056B (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2023-05-26 | 西北工业大学 | Liquid nitrogen spraying experiment section of continuous high-speed wind tunnel cooling system |
| CN107219056A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-09-29 | 西北工业大学 | Continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system liquid nitrogen sprays into experimental section |
| CN107607285A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-01-19 | 重庆交通大学 | Offshore earthquake wind and snow environmental wind tunnel analogue means |
| CN107860553A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-03-30 | 重庆交通大学 | A kind of wind and snow environmental wind tunnel analogue means |
| CN107860547A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-03-30 | 重庆交通大学 | A kind of integrated environment wind tunnel simulation device |
| CN107991055A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-05-04 | 重庆交通大学 | Gobi Integrated environment wind tunnel simulation device |
| CN108176532A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-06-19 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | Big flow range uniformity water spraying atomization device and water spraying atomization method |
| CN108176532B (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2021-03-09 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | Water spraying and atomizing device and water spraying and atomizing method with high flow range uniformity |
| CN109596302A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-04-09 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 | A kind of flow control ejection system of dummy vehicle low-speed wind tunnel experiment |
| CN109596302B (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2021-08-03 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 | Flow control injection system for low-speed wind tunnel experiment of aircraft model |
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| CN111284729A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2020-06-16 | 波音公司 | Ice crystal icing condition simulation method and system |
| EP3667283A1 (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2020-06-17 | The Boeing Company | Ice crystal icing condition simulation method and system |
| CN111307476A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2020-06-19 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | Railway vehicle bogie area ice and snow test device |
| CN111122100A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-05-08 | 中国航空工业集团公司金城南京机电液压工程研究中心 | Low-temperature testing method and system for emergency energy system |
| CN111076888B (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2021-01-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | Small vertical backflow ice wind tunnel experimental device for measuring ice accretion adhesion |
| CN111076888A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-04-28 | 北京航空航天大学 | Small vertical backflow ice wind tunnel experimental device for measuring ice accretion adhesion |
| CN111272377A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-06-12 | 北京航空航天大学 | Large-scale double-circulation back-cooling type low-temperature environment wind tunnel |
| CN111189607A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-05-22 | 北京航空航天大学 | Large-scale injection heat exchange type low-temperature environment wind tunnel |
| CN111157218A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-05-15 | 北京航空航天大学 | Large-scale circulation back cooling type low-temperature injection environment wind tunnel |
| CN116088593A (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-05-09 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计与测试技术研究所 | Low-temperature wind tunnel liquid nitrogen jet bent frame flow control method, device and storage medium |
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