CN104634427A - Method for measuring grain weight in silo - Google Patents
Method for measuring grain weight in silo Download PDFInfo
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- CN104634427A CN104634427A CN201510028729.4A CN201510028729A CN104634427A CN 104634427 A CN104634427 A CN 104634427A CN 201510028729 A CN201510028729 A CN 201510028729A CN 104634427 A CN104634427 A CN 104634427A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for measuring grain weight in a silo and relates to the field of measurement. The method comprises the following specific steps that grains in the silo are layered according to the principle that the layer height is 20 to 100 times the grain size of the gains in the depth direction; the weight W of the grains in the silo is obtained according to the depth H from a grain surface to the bottom of the silo, the depth z of the grain layer, the density rho of the grain layer at the depth z, the cross section S of a hollow cavity in the silo, the gravity acceleration g and a formula (1) as shown in the description, the density rho of the grain layer at the depth z is obtained through constants a0, a1 and a2, the highest main pressure stress p to the grain layer at the depth z, and a formula (2), the formula (2) is that rho is equal to a0+a1p+a2p2, and the highest main pressure stress p is obtained through a grain layer mechanical balance equation. The method for measuring the grain weight in the silo is high in speed, high in precision, low in cost and low in error.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fields of measurement, be specifically related to the assay method of grain weight in silo
Background technology
Foodstuff preservation is the important foundation information of national food macro adjustments and controls, and annual China all needs to drop into a large amount of human and material resources and fund carries out the work of taking an inventory of warehouses.Foodstuff preservation weight check is an important content of grain Stock Check, is namely obtained the weight of stored grain in silo by certain means, at present main employing weight method and volume density method.Weight method workload is large, efficiency is low, is difficult to widely use in large-scale Stock Check.Volume density method refers to the inspection method of grain weight in the volume and average density calculation silo piled by survey calculation grain.Existing volume density method uses the top layer density of grain to be multiplied by correction factor to obtain the average density of grain heap, and correction factor provides by rule of thumb, and in the silo that this method calculates, grain weight error is large.
In the silo, the density of grain heap is heterogeneous to foodstuff preservation, is increase with the degree of depth increase of grain layer.At present, during foodstuff preservation weight check, average density is mainly adopted to be multiplied by the method for volume.Average density changes because of the size of silo, up to the present, estimates by rule of thumb.Among the new method of Density Distribution measuring grain heap is being studied, researcher is had to utilize microwave to detect the density of grain heap, this method be by measure microwave in grain heap by time the grain specific inductive capacity piled, again by specific inductive capacity and density relation and obtain the density that grain piles, but this method can not measure the density of silo depths, because microwave cannot arrive grain heap depths and not disturbed, the bulk density of grain of two meters of depths can only be measured at present.Also researcher is had at barrel and bottom installing force sensor, distributed by bulkhead and bottom stress and release grain storage general assembly (TW), but this method exists two problems, one is distributed by bulkhead and bottom stress to release grain storage general assembly (TW), need to set up mathematical model accurately, otherwise the error of measuring and calculating is large; Two is that cost is large, is difficult to promote.Up to the present, theory and the experimental research achievements of the Density Distribution that silo China Oil and Food Import and Export Corporation piles and loading weight yet there are no report, also do not have effective measuring method.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the assay method of grain weight in silo, the method speed is fast, and precision is high, and cost is low.
Object of the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize.
The assay method of grain weight in silo, the 20-100 that to it is characterized in that grain in silo be grain particle diameter according to floor height in the depth direction doubly carries out layering; The weight W of grain in silo is obtained by the cross-sectional area S of hollow cavity in the depth H bottom grain face to silo, grain bulk resistance z, degree of depth z place grain layer density p, silo, gravity acceleration g and formula (1):
Wherein, grain layer density p in degree of depth z place is by constant a
0, a
1, a
2, the maximum compressional p that is subject to of degree of depth z place grain layer and formula (2) obtain:
ρ=a
0+ a
1p+a
2p
2formula (2);
Wherein said maximum compressional p is obtained by grain layer mechanical balance equation.
In the present invention, described constant a
0, a
1, a
2obtain by the following method: the density p of mensuration grain layer under several vertical compressive stress p' effects varied in size ', then adopt ρ '=a
0+ a
1p'+a
2p'
2carry out matching, obtain a
0, a
1and a
2.
In the present invention, when described grain is wheat, respectively measure water percentage be 11.7%, 13.33%, 15.18%, 16.55% and 18.18% the density p of wheat layer under several vertical compressive stress p' effects varied in size ', then adopt ρ '=a
0+ a
1p'+a
2p'
2carry out matching, obtain a corresponding to each water percentage wheat
0, a
1and a
2; Measure the average moisture content δ of wheat in silo, compare | δ-11.7%|, | δ-13.33%|, | δ-15.18%|, | δ-16.55%|, | the size of δ-18.18%|, get water percentage corresponding to minimum value for reference water percentage; In silo, degree of depth z place wheat layer density p is by corresponding to a with reference to water percentage wheat
0, a
1, a
2, the maximum compressional p that is subject to of degree of depth z place grain layer and formula (2) obtain; When described grain is paddy, respectively measure water percentage be 11.77%, 12.95%, 14.47%, 15.75%, 17.58% the density p of paddy layer under several vertical compressive stress p' effects varied in size ', then adopt ρ '=a
0+ a
1p'+a
2p'
2carry out matching, obtain a corresponding to each water percentage paddy
0, a
1and a
2; Measure the average moisture content δ of paddy in silo, compare | δ-11.7%|, | δ-13.33%|, | δ-15.18%|, | δ-16.55%|, | the size of δ-18.18%|, get water percentage corresponding to minimum value for reference water percentage; In silo, paddy layer density p in degree of depth z place is by corresponding to a with reference to water percentage paddy
0, a
1, a
2,the maximum compressional p that degree of depth z place grain layer is subject to and formula (2) obtain.
In the present invention, when described silo is silo, described maximum compressional p is that vertical compressive stress piled by grain.Described grain layer mechanical balance equation is
wherein, z is grain bulk resistance, and ρ is degree of depth z place grain layer density, and g is acceleration of gravity, p
vvertical compressive stress piled by the grain be subject to for degree of depth z place grain layer, and R is the radius of hollow cavity xsect in silo, and H is the degree of depth bottom grain face to silo, and μ is grain and bulkhead friction factor, and φ is grain heap angle of internal friction.
In the present invention, when described silo is made up of the cylindrical shell on top and the cone bucket of bottom, measure grain weight W in cylindrical shell respectively
1with grain weight W in cone bucket
2.The maximum compressional p that in described cylindrical shell, grain layer is subject to is that vertical compressive stress piled by grain; The maximum compressional p that in described cone bucket, grain layer is subject to is cone headwall lateral stress.In described cylindrical shell, the mechanical balance equation of grain layer is
wherein z is grain bulk resistance, z ∈ (0, h
1], h
1for grain face is to the degree of depth of cylinder body bottom; ρ
1for degree of depth z place grain layer density; G is acceleration of gravity, p
vvertical compressive stress piled by the grain be subject to for degree of depth z place grain layer, and R is the radius of hollow cavity xsect in cylindrical shell, and μ is grain and bulkhead friction factor, and φ is grain heap angle of internal friction.In described cone bucket, the mechanical balance equation of grain layer is
Wherein
Z is grain bulk resistance, z ∈ (h
1, h
1+ h
2]; ρ
2for degree of depth z place grain layer density, p
cfor the cone headwall lateral stress that degree of depth z place grain layer is subject to, β is cone bucket madial wall and horizontal plane angle, h
1for grain face is to the degree of depth of cylinder body bottom, h
2for cone bucket height, g is acceleration of gravity, and φ is grain heap angle of internal friction, the radius of r-degree of depth z place grain layer plane.
According to shape, silo is divided into the silo of silo and band cone bucket.The hollow cavity eaten for loading in silo is right cylinder.The silo of band cone bucket is made up of the cylindrical shell on top and the cone bucket of bottom, and the interior hollow cavity for loading food of cylindrical shell is right cylinder, and the hollow cavity eaten for loading in cone bucket is cone.
Water percentage refers to the ratio of quality moisture in grain and grain gross mass, represents with percentage.
As long as the present invention measures silo physical dimension, grain face height, the superficial density of grain in silo, the average moisture content of grain in silo, just can calculate the general assembly (TW) of grain in silo.The method speed is fast, and precision is high, and cost is low.
The degree of depth of described grain bulk resistance z residing for every layer of grain surface or bottom surface, or the mean value of surperficial bottom surface degree of depth sum.
The assay method of grain weight in silo of the present invention, speed is fast, and precision is high, and cost is low, and error is little.
Embodiment
Example one measures grain weight in silo
State grain reserve Hailaer is silo directly under horn storehouse, storehouse 040, the silo internal diameter diameter of hollow cavity xsect (in the silo) is 21.9m, in storehouse, the radius of hollow cavity xsect is 10.95m, grain bin bottom is 15.87m to grain face height, grain storage kind is red wheat, storage form is loose in storehouse depositing, and machinery puts in storage.In silo, the average moisture content of grain is 13.0%.The angle of internal friction 25 ° of red wheat heap, the friction factor of red wheat and silo is 0.4.Gravity acceleration g is 9.8m/s
2.
The inventive method and volume density method is adopted to measure grain weight in silo respectively.
1. the inventive method measures grain weight in silo
Be that 40 times of wheat particle diameter carry out layering according to floor height in the depth direction by wheat in silo, every layer of grain is called grain layer.Because wheat particle diameter is 5mm, so floor height is 0.20m.Obtained the weight W of grain in silo by the cross-sectional area S of hollow cavity in the depth H bottom grain face to silo, grain bulk resistance z, degree of depth z place grain layer density p, silo, gravity acceleration g and formula (1), formula (1) is
wherein, the degree of depth of grain bulk resistance z residing for grain layer bottom surface, degree of depth z place grain layer density p is by constant a
0, a
1, a
2, the maximum compressional p that is subject to of degree of depth z place grain layer and formula (2) obtain, formula (2) is ρ=a
0+ a
1p+a
2p
2; Wherein degree of depth z place maximum compressional p is obtained by grain layer mechanical balance equation.The maximum compressional p that in silo, grain layer is subject to is that vertical compressive stress piled by the grain that grain layer is subject to, and the top grain that grain layer is subject to is piled vertical compressive stress and is abbreviated as grain and piles vertical compressive stress.
(1) a
0, a
1, a
2determination
In a hydrostatic column, the relation between the maximum compressional that simulation wheat layer is subject in silo and density, to determine a
0, a
1and a
2.The density p of mensuration wheat layer under several vertical compressive stress p' effects varied in size ', then adopt ρ '=a
0+ a
1p'+a
2p'
2carry out matching, obtain a
0, a
1and a
2.Because the relation of the density of wheat and water percentage is very close, inventor measures a corresponding to multiple different water cut wheat
0, a
1and a
2, find a
0, a
1and a
2at water percentage 11.7%, 13.33%, 15.18%, 16.55% and 18.18%, place changes greatly.In order to can be comparatively
accurately surveywheat weight in fixed each silo, measure respectively water percentage be 11.7%, 13.33%, 15.18%, 16.55% and 18.18% the density p of wheat layer under several vertical compressive stress p' effects varied in size ', then adopt ρ '=a
0+ a
1p'+a
2p'
2carry out matching, obtain a corresponding to each water percentage wheat
0, a
1and a
2; Measure the average moisture content δ of wheat in silo, relatively | δ-11.7%|, | δ-13.33%|, | δ-15.18%|, | δ-16.55%|, | the size of δ-18.18%|, to judge in 11.7%, 13.33%, 15.18%, 16.55% and 18.18% with average moisture content δ closest to person.Get water percentage corresponding to the minimum value after calculating for reference water percentage; In silo, the density p of degree of depth z place wheat layer is by corresponding to a with reference to water percentage wheat
0, a
1, a
2, the maximum compressional p that is subject to of degree of depth z place grain layer and formula (2) obtain.
Measure and correspond to a that water percentage is the wheat of 11.7%
0, a
1and a
2concrete grammar: by water percentage be 11.7% wheat to be positioned over boring chamber be that in cylindrical container, (in container, the diameter of hollow cavity xsect is 138mm, grain face is 186mm to the height of container bottom), several vertical compressive stress p' varied in size are applied on wheat surface, each vertical compressive stress p' applies week age, then measure the volume of wheat, calculate wheat under each vertical compressive stress p' effect density p '.Within the scope of 0 ~ 75kPa and 75 ~ 220kPa, be taken to few 5 vertical compressive stress p' varied in size respectively, measure corresponding density.Least square fitting equation ρ '=a is adopted respectively within the scope of 0 ~ 75kPa and 75 ~ 220kPa
0+ a
1p'+a
2p'
2, determine within the scope of 0 ~ 75kPa and 75 ~ 220kPa, correspond to a that water percentage is the wheat of 11.7%
0, a
1and a
2.Same procedure is adopted to measure a corresponding to other water percentage wheats
0, a
1and a
2, the results are shown in Table 1.A
0, a
1and a
2just determine before grain weight in mensuration silo.In the present embodiment, red wheat average moisture content is 13.0%, closest with the water percentage 13.33% recorded in advance, so be 13.33% with reference to water percentage.In silo, the density p of degree of depth z place red wheat layer is by corresponding to a with reference to water percentage 13.33% wheat
0, a
1, a
2, degree of depth z place maximum compressional p and formula (2) determine, when vertical compressive stress is 0-75kPa, a
0, a
1, a
2be respectively 803.63,0.9198 ,-0.0064; When vertical compressive stress is 75-220kPa, a
0, a
1, a
2be respectively 824.84,0.1822 ,-0.002.
Coefficient in the density of table 1 different water cut wheat and maximum compressional fit equation (formula (2))
(2) determination of maximum compressional p
Grain heap in silo is considered as elasticoplastic body, sets up grain layer mechanical balance equation; Described grain layer mechanical balance equation is
wherein Z-grain bulk resistance m, z ∈ (0, H]; ρ-degree of depth z place grain density kg/m
3; G-acceleration of gravity m/s
2; Vertical compressive stress kPa piled by the grain that p-degree of depth z place grain layer is subject to; The radius m of hollow cavity xsect in R-silo; H-cylinder body bottom is to the height m in grain face; μ-grain and bulkhead friction factor; φ-grain heap angle of internal friction rad.Finally obtaining grain layer mechanical balance equation is:
Adopt Numerical Methods Solve formula (2) and (3), obtain the relational expression that ρ represents with z, then adopt formula (1) to calculate, obtain grain weight.
2. adopt volume density method
Adopt volume density method, revise grain density, large silo experience density revision coefficient k is 1.035, and the average density obtaining grain carries out grain Weight computation.
Computing formula is:
W＝kρ
0gV (4)
Wherein, ρ
0-silo mesexine wheat density kg/m
3, g-acceleration of gravity m/s
2, V-silo medium and small dung heap volume m
3, k-density revision coefficient.
Above-mentioned two kinds of method result of calculations are as shown in table 2.
Table 2 two kinds of method result of calculations compare with book number
As can be seen from Table 2, this method result of calculation specific volume densimetry results of calculation error significantly reduces, and the inventive method precision is higher.
Example 2
Tianjin grain depot 43-3,43-5, No. 45-2 band cone bucket silo.Cylinder internal diameter (in cylindrical shell hollow cavity cross-sectional diameter) 7m, cylindrical shell height 20.9m, the high 3.2m of cone bucket, the wheat time of putting in storage should be in Dec, 2012.Silo and each parameter value of little dung heap are in table 3:
Each parameter value of table 3 silo and little dung heap
1. adopt the inventive method to measure wheat weight in Tianjin grain depot 43-3,43-5, No. 45-2 band cone bucket silo:
Be that 20 times of wheat particle diameter carry out layering according to floor height in the depth direction by wheat in silo, the grain of every one deck is called grain layer.Because wheat particle diameter is 5mm, so floor height is 0.1m.
(1) grain weight W in cylindrical shell
1calculating
Grain weight W in cylindrical shell
1through type (5) calculates.Formula (5) is
wherein, h
1-grain face to the degree of depth of cylinder body bottom, S
1hollow cavity cross-sectional area m in-cylindrical shell
2, z-grain bulk resistance m, g-acceleration of gravity, ρ
1-degree of depth z place grain layer density kg/m
3; Wherein, the degree of depth of grain bulk resistance z residing for grain layer bottom surface, degree of depth z place grain layer density p
1by constant a
0, a
1, a
2, the maximum compressional p that is subject to of degree of depth z place grain layer
vobtain with formula (6), formula (6) is
wherein maximum compressional p
vobtained by grain layer mechanical balance equation.
A
0, a
1, a
2determination: method is with embodiment 1.In the present embodiment cylindrical shell, wheat average moisture content is respectively 11.9%, 12.4%, 12.5%, relatively average moisture content and 11.7%, 13.33%, 15.18%, the absolute value of the difference of 16.55% and 18.18%, find that the average moisture content of wheat in three silos is all closest with 11.7%, so be 11.7% with reference to water percentage.Choose for answering water percentage to be a of the wheat of 11.7%
0, a
1, a
2value (see table 1), when vertical compressive stress is 0-75kPa, a
0, a
1, a
2be respectively 792.13,0.8067 ,-0.0054; When vertical compressive stress is 75-220kPa, a
0, a
1, a
2be respectively 810.16,0.1812 ,-0.002.In cylindrical shell, the density p of degree of depth z place wheat layer is by corresponding to a with reference to water percentage 11.7% wheat
0, a
1, a
2, the maximum compressional p that is subject to of degree of depth z place grain layer
vdetermine with formula (6).
The vertical compressive stress p of little dung heap that in cylindrical shell, degree of depth z place wheat layer is subject to
v(be abbreviated as the vertical compressive stress p of the little dung heap in degree of depth z place
v) determination: grain layer mechanical balance equation is formula (7), and formula (7) is
wherein z-grain bulk resistance m, z ∈ (0, h
1], h
1for grain face is to the degree of depth m of cylinder body bottom; ρ
1-degree of depth z place wheat layer density kg/m
3; p
vthe vertical compressive stress kPa of the little dung heap in-degree of depth z place; The radius m of hollow cavity xsect in R-cylindrical shell; μ-grain and bulkhead friction factor; φ-little dung heap angle of internal friction rad; G-acceleration of gravity m/s
2.
Adopt Numerical Methods Solve formula (6) and (7), obtain the relational expression that ρ represents with z, then adopt formula (5) to calculate, obtain grain weight in cylindrical shell.
(2) calculating of the interior grain weight of cone bucket:
Grain weight W in cone bucket
2through type (8) calculates.Formula (8) is
wherein, h
1for grain face is to the degree of depth m of cylinder body bottom, h
2the height m of-cone bucket, ρ
2-degree of depth z place grain layer close
degree kg/m 3 , S
2hollow cavity cross-sectional area m in-cone bucket
2, z-grain bulk resistance m, S
2=π (R-(z-h
2) ctg β)
2, the radius m of hollow cavity xsect in R-cylindrical shell
,β-cone bucket madial wall and horizontal plane angle.Degree of depth z place grain layer density p
2by constant a
0, a
1, a
2, the maximum compressional p that is subject to of degree of depth z place grain layer
cobtain with formula (9), formula (9) is
wherein maximum compressional p
cobtained by grain layer mechanical balance equation.The maximum compressional p that in cone bucket, degree of depth z place grain layer is subject to
cfor the cone headwall lateral stress p that grain layer is subject to
c.
A
0, a
1, a
2determination: because the magnitude relationship of density and maximum compressional is close, have nothing to do with the direction of maximum compressional, institute is a in (9) with the formula
0, a
1, a
2defining method with embodiment 1 and the present embodiment title (1), the container in simulation process is constant, and the compressive stress in simulation process is still vertical compressive stress.
Cone headwall lateral stress p
cdetermine: grain layer mechanical balance equation is formula (10), and formula (10) is
Wherein
The radius m of r-degree of depth z place grain layer plane, z-grain bulk resistance m, z ∈ (h
1, h
1+ h
2], h
1for grain face is to the degree of depth m of cylinder body bottom, h
2the height m of-cone bucket; ρ
2-degree of depth z place wheat layer density kg/m
3; p
c-degree of depth z place cone headwall lateral stress kPa; β-cone bucket madial wall and horizontal plane angle; φ-little dung heap angle of internal friction rad; G-acceleration of gravity m/s
2.
Adopt Numerical Methods Solve formula (9) and (10), obtain the relational expression that ρ represents with z, then adopt formula (8) to calculate, obtain grain weight in cone bucket.
2. volume density method measures wheat weight in grain depot 43-3,43-5,45-2 horn storehouse, Tianjin
Adopt volume density method, revise grain volume weight, dark silo experience density revision coefficient selects 1.035, and the average density obtaining grain calculates.
Computing formula is:
W＝kρ
0gV (11)
Wherein, ρ
0-silo mesexine wheat density kg/m
3, g-acceleration of gravity m/s
2, V-silo medium and small dung heap volume m
3, k-density revision coefficient.
Above-mentioned two kinds of methods to calculate to the grain general assembly (TW) in three silos, what obtain the results are shown in Table 4, and compares with actual book number.
Table 4 two kinds of method result of calculations compare with book number
Can be found out by the error analysis in table 4, compared with the volume density method adopted at present, result of calculation of the present invention is closer to actual account number, and illustrate that the inventive method calculates grain weight error in silo and significantly reduces, the inventive method precision is higher.
Example three
Beijing little Tang Shan Experimental Base 1,3,5, No. 7 silos (hollow cavity is right cylinder) internal diameter is 3m, and silo height is 10m, and storing grain kind in storehouse is paddy.Each parameter value of silo and paddy is in table 5.
Each parameter value of table 5 silo and paddy
1. the inventive method measures paddy weight in Beijing little Tang Shan Experimental Base 1,3,5, No. 7 silos
Concrete steps with embodiment 1, wherein paddy bulk density ρ and maximum compressional p
vthe relation of (vertical compressive stress) is as shown in formula (12):
ρ＝a+bp
v+cp
v 2(12)
Equation coefficient a, b, c change with the change of paddy heap water percentage, as shown in table 2.
Calculate the absolute value of the difference of average moisture content 13.3% and 11.77%, 12.95%, 14.47%, 15.75%, 17.58%, get water percentage corresponding to least absolute value for reference water percentage.Coefficient in formula (12) is got with reference to a corresponding to water percentage paddy, b, c.
Table 6 paddy bulk density and maximum compressional, water percentage fit equation coefficient
2. volume density method
Because this silo is experiment bin, size is less, therefore selects correction factor to be 1.015.Other are with in embodiment 1.
Above-mentioned two kinds of method measurement results are as shown in table 7.
Table 7 two kinds of method result of calculations compare with book number
As can be seen from Table 7, in 1,3,5, No. 7 storehouse, the rice storage general assembly (TW) that the inventive method obtains is compared with volume density method, and error significantly reduces, and closer to actual book number, illustrates that the precision of the inventive method is very high.
Claims (9)
1. the assay method of grain weight in silo, the 20-100 that to it is characterized in that grain in silo be grain particle diameter according to floor height in the depth direction doubly carries out layering; The weight W of grain in silo is obtained by the cross-sectional area S of hollow cavity in the depth H bottom grain face to silo, grain bulk resistance z, degree of depth z place grain layer density p, silo, gravity acceleration g and formula (1):
Wherein, grain layer density p in degree of depth z place is by constant a
0, a
1, a
2, the maximum compressional p that is subject to of degree of depth z place grain layer and formula (2) obtain:
ρ=a
0+ a
1p+a
2p
2formula (2);
Wherein said maximum compressional p is obtained by grain layer mechanical balance equation.
2. the assay method of grain weight in silo according to claim 1, is characterized in that described constant a
0, a
1, a
2obtain by the following method: the density p of mensuration grain layer under several vertical compressive stress p' effects varied in size ', then adopt ρ '=a
0+ a
1p'+a
2p'
2carry out matching, obtain a
0, a
1and a
2.
3. the assay method of grain weight in silo according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
When described grain is wheat, respectively measure water percentage be 11.7%, 13.33%, 15.18%, 16.55% and 18.18% the density p of wheat layer under several vertical compressive stress p' effects varied in size ', then adopt ρ '=a
0+ a
1p'+a
2p'
2carry out matching, obtain a corresponding to each water percentage wheat
0, a
1and a
2; Measure the average moisture content δ of wheat in silo, compare | δ-11.7%|, | δ-13.33%|, | δ-15.18%|, | δ-16.55%|, | the size of δ-18.18%|, get water percentage corresponding to minimum value for reference water percentage; In silo, degree of depth z place wheat layer density p is by corresponding to a with reference to water percentage wheat
0, a
1, a
2, the maximum compressional p that is subject to of degree of depth z place grain layer and formula (2) obtain;
When described grain is paddy, respectively measure water percentage be 11.77%, 12.95%, 14.47%, 15.75%, 17.58% the density p of paddy layer under several vertical compressive stress p' effects varied in size ', then adopt ρ '=a
0+ a
1p'+a
2p'
2carry out matching, obtain a corresponding to each water percentage paddy
0, a
1and a
2; Measure the average moisture content δ of paddy in silo, compare | δ-11.7%|, | δ-13.33%|, | δ-15.18%|, | the size of δ-16.55%|, δ-18.18%|, get water percentage corresponding to minimum value for reference water percentage; In silo, paddy layer density p in degree of depth z place is by corresponding to a with reference to water percentage paddy
0, a
1, a
2, the maximum compressional p that is subject to of degree of depth z place grain layer and formula (2) obtain.
4. the assay method of grain weight in silo according to Claims 2 or 3, when it is characterized in that described silo is silo, described maximum compressional p is that vertical compressive stress piled by grain.
5. the assay method of grain weight in silo according to claim 4, is characterized in that described grain layer mechanical balance equation is
wherein, z is grain bulk resistance, and ρ is degree of depth z place grain layer density, and g is acceleration of gravity, p
vvertical compressive stress piled by the grain be subject to for degree of depth z place grain layer, and R is the radius of hollow cavity xsect in silo, and H is the degree of depth bottom grain face to silo, and μ is grain and bulkhead friction factor, and φ is grain heap angle of internal friction.
6. the assay method of grain weight in silo according to Claims 2 or 3, when it is characterized in that described silo is made up of the cylindrical shell on top and the cone bucket of bottom, measures grain weight W in cylindrical shell respectively
1with grain weight W in cone bucket
2.
7. the assay method of grain weight in silo according to claim 6, is characterized in that the maximum compressional p that in described cylindrical shell, grain layer is subject to is that vertical compressive stress piled by grain; The maximum compressional p that in described cone bucket, grain layer is subject to is cone headwall lateral stress.
8. the assay method of grain weight in silo according to claim 7, is characterized in that the mechanical balance equation of grain layer in described cylindrical shell is
wherein z is grain bulk resistance, z ∈ (0, h
1], h
1for grain face is to the degree of depth of cylinder body bottom; ρ
1for degree of depth z place grain layer density; G is acceleration of gravity, p
vvertical compressive stress piled by the grain be subject to for degree of depth z place grain layer, and R is the radius of hollow cavity xsect in cylindrical shell, and μ is grain and bulkhead friction factor, and φ is grain heap angle of internal friction.
9. the assay method of grain weight in silo according to claim 8, is characterized in that the mechanical balance equation of grain layer in described cone bucket is
wherein
z is grain bulk resistance, z ∈ (h
1, h
1+ h
2]; ρ
2for degree of depth z place grain layer density, p
cfor the cone headwall lateral stress that degree of depth z place grain layer is subject to, β is cone bucket madial wall and horizontal plane angle, h
1for grain face is to the degree of depth of cylinder body bottom, h
2for cone bucket height, g is acceleration of gravity, and φ is grain heap angle of internal friction, the radius of r-degree of depth z place grain layer plane.
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| CN111815703B (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2024-05-03 | 中国农业机械化科学研究院 | Handheld grain pile measuring device and grain pile measuring method based on binocular camera |
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