CN104632248B - Protection and treatment method for tunnel top karst cave - Google Patents
Protection and treatment method for tunnel top karst cave Download PDFInfo
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- CN104632248B CN104632248B CN201510036310.3A CN201510036310A CN104632248B CN 104632248 B CN104632248 B CN 104632248B CN 201510036310 A CN201510036310 A CN 201510036310A CN 104632248 B CN104632248 B CN 104632248B
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- spring
- solution cavity
- tunnel
- foam
- cavity
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/006—Lining anchored in the rock
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention particularly relates to a protection and treatment method for a tunnel top karst cave. The protection and treatment method includes the steps that (a) an oversized spring type steel reinforcement framework molded through winding is filled with plastic foams; (b) steel arches are distributed under the exposed karst cave in the tunnel cross section mode; (c) the foam spring type steel reinforcement framework which is well fixed is erected to be lifted into a cavity, oversized springs are arranged in a quincunx shape and are fixedly connected with the steel arches in the step (b); (d) fake tops are constructed with the steel arches as inner liners; (f) grouting holes are formed in the fake tops, luokexiu foams are injected into the cavity through the grouting holes, steel reinforcement foams previously placed into the cavity are bonded and reinforced, and original gaps are packed. The protection and treatment method is suitable for treatment of the tunnel underneath pass karst cave; harms of disasters such as stone falling and karstic water in the karst cave on the tunnel construction period and the operation period can be prevented, and the method has the advantages of being high in reliability, easy and convenient to construct, low in construction cost, favorable for stabilization of the overall structure of the karst cave, suitable for the large karst cave, better in treatment effect and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of protection punishment site operation technology of tunnel top solution cavity, belong to tunnels and underground engineering neck
Domain.
Background technology
The 21 century mankind are by the Devoting Major Efforts To Developing underground space.Railway and highway communication engineering, hydroelectric project, various mine engineering
Deng all be unableing to do without a large amount of tunnels, the building of tunnel.Because tunnel, tunnel are in the various complicated hydrogeological rock mass in underground,
All kinds of Karst Problems also become the most reluctant problem in the underground engineering constructions such as tunnel, are wherein located at tunnel top solution cavity
Protection is particularly difficult with punishment.
At present, operating of wearing under tunnel that the processing method of solution cavity has is wasted time and energy, and affects the duration, have only focuses on
Protection to tunnel-liner, have ignored the punishment to solution cavity.Due to improper to the punishment revealing or concealing solution cavity, often applying
Duration and operation phase bring various disasters to the use in tunnel, construction period be easily caused tunnel surrounding and Supporting Structure deformation,
Cracking, unstability until cave in, engineering constraint progress, threaten the safety of workmen and plant equipment；In the operation phase, if punishment
Improper measures, can lead to the deterioration of environment, the decline of level of ground water, cause vegetation to reduce, earth's surface sandslide, land subsidence etc.
Follow-up disaster.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is for overcoming the shortcomings of that above-mentioned background technology exists it is proposed that a kind of structure is safe and reliable, applying
Treatment Methods during solution cavity are worn under the easy to operate tunnel of work.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of protection Treatment Methods of tunnel top solution cavity, comprise the following steps:
Step 1. coiling is molded after spring type framework of steel reinforcement in the good plastic foam of filling；
Step 2. is disclosing below solution cavity according to tunnel cross-section form laying steel arch-shelf；
The spring type framework of steel reinforcement that step 1 obtains is erected and is hung in cavity by step 3., by spring type framework of steel reinforcement
Arrange, one end of spring is connected with the steel arch-shelf in step 2, and the other end is fixed on solution cavity wall；
Step 4. applies the false top in tunnel using steel arch-shelf as liner；
Step 5. arranges injected hole on false top, injects foam by injected hole toward cavity inside, by the steel put into before
Muscle foam bonding and reinforcement, the space between substantial spring and plastic foam.
The detailed process of step 1 is as follows: reinforcing bar is turned on spring Coil-up machine the ultra-large type spring of intended diameter, will
Plastic foam is filled in the ultra-large type spring skeleton after coiling shaping, and is fixed.By ultra-large type spring to solution cavity top
Portion discloses rock mass and is effectively supported, and can apply a precompression to solution cavity wall simultaneously, strengthen and disclose solution cavity hole wall
Stability.Plastic foam is filled in super large steel bar, effectively reduces the usage amount that Roc stops material, also can reach simultaneously
Stop the close effect of material with full-filling Roc, reduce the construction costs of solution cavity improvement.
Spring type framework of steel reinforcement described in step 3 presses quincunx arrangement.
The detailed process of step 3 is as follows:
3-1 develops scale, the ultra-large type spring of processing and fabricating corresponding length and diameter according to solution cavity；
3-2 is numbered to the spring of respective support position, according to numbering according to quincunx laying ultra-large type spring；
3-3 by the spring one end steel arch-shelf that sets up in step 2 of fixation, then compression spring the other end is placed into molten
On the wall of hole, last release spring, so that spring is fixed on solution cavity wall by extruding force.
The foam injecting in cavity from injected hole in step 5 is Luokexiu foam.
In step 5, the arrangement form of injected hole and position are as follows: injected hole after false top performs, below false top according to
Square arrangement is holed, each spacing of wells 3m.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
The present invention is applied to the improvement wearing solution cavity under tunnel, can prevent the disasters such as falling rocks in solution cavity, karst water to tunnel
Construction time works the mischief with the operation phase；
Framework of steel reinforcement as supporting construction is made spring like structure, can be propped up in solution cavity by the elastic characteristic of spring
The support initial stage applies a precompression to solution cavity wall, and the precompression of applying changes the stress field of solution cavity wall surrounding rock body, improves
The stability of solution cavity wall country rock；Meanwhile, spring like structure is also an accumulator, by the accumulation of energy characteristic of spring, solution cavity is being filled
After the completion of filling out improvement, spring can effectively absorb the deformation energy producing due to the deformation of solution cavity wall, is conducive to the steady of later stage tunnel
Qualitative；In addition, the Making programme of super large spring type framework of steel reinforcement is simple, better economy, using live hot calendering circle
Reinforcing bar coiling forms, and can carry out size change according to virtual cavity size, flexible and changeable；
Filling plastic foam, plastic foam has the characteristics that the big density of volume is little, using this characteristic, by plastic foam
It is filled in spring skeleton, the gravity load acting in lining cutting can be effectively reduced, Roc can be greatly decreased simultaneously and stop material
Usage amount, reduce filling treatment cost；Because plastic foam operability is higher, filling plastic foam is in spring steel bar
Skeletal internal is simply fixed can meet construction requirement.
Luokexiu foam, is a kind of injection product being made up of two kinds of compositions, is usually used in hollow filling and reinforces serious
Broken formation；With 4 to 1 volumetric ratio hybrid resins and catalyst, occur fast reaction to generate foam, then can rapid expanding to former
20-30 times of volume.After expansion, Luokexiu foam hardened within a few minutes.Quick, the highly expanded rate of its reaction, good is anti-
Pressure energy power and prominent antistatic property, can obtain economy, quick, safe filling effect.
Integrated use of the present invention ultra-large type spring, plastic foam and Roc are stopped material and are disclosed solution cavity to tunnel upper and carry out
Filling is administered, and each filler uses ratio rationally it is adaptable to the punishment of larger solution cavity, and regulation effect is preferable.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is structural representation；
Fig. 2 injected hole arranges schematic diagram.
Wherein: 1. tunnel, 2. vacation is pushed up, 3. solution cavity, 4. super large spring type framework of steel reinforcement, and 5. Roc is stopped, 6. steel arch-shelf, 7. note
Slurry hole.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
A kind of protection Treatment Methods of tunnel top solution cavity, comprise the following steps:
Step 1. coiling is molded after super large spring type framework of steel reinforcement 4 in the good plastic foam of filling；Specific as follows:
Reinforcing bar is turned on spring Coil-up machine the ultra-large type spring of intended diameter, plastic foam is filled to and turns to
In super large spring type framework of steel reinforcement after type, and simply fixed.
Disclose rock mass by ultra-large type spring to solution cavity top effectively to be supported, one can be applied to solution cavity wall simultaneously
Individual precompression, strengthens the stability disclosing solution cavity hole wall.Plastic foam is filled in super large steel bar, effectively reduces sieve
Gram stop the usage amount of material, also can reach simultaneously and full-filling Roc stops the close effect of material, reduce the work of solution cavity improvement
Journey cost.
Step 2. is disclosing below solution cavity 3 according to tunnel cross-section form laying steel arch-shelf 6；
The foam springs fixing steel bar skeleton is erected and is hung in cavity by step 3., and ultra-large type spring is pressed plum
Flower-shape arranges, and is connected with the bow member in step 2；Specific as follows:
Scale, the ultra-large type spring of processing and fabricating corresponding length and diameter, and to respective support position are developed according to solution cavity
Spring be numbered, according to numbering according to quincunx laying ultra-large type spring, and the steel arch setting up in step 2 that is fixed
Frame, wherein arranged direction in solution cavity for the ultra-large type spring is as shown in Figure 1.
Step 4. is not supported with steel arch-shelf and applies false top 2；
Step 5. arranges injected hole 7 on false top, injects Luokexiu foam 5 by injected hole toward cavity inside, will before
The spring foam bonding and reinforcement put into, the space between substantial spring and plastic foam.
In above-mentioned charging formula, used material has: super large spring type framework of steel reinforcement 4, filling plastic foam, sieve
Gram stop foam 5, the performance of each filler and feature as follows:
Super large spring type framework of steel reinforcement: spring be a kind of using elasticity come the machine components of work, supporting construction is made
Become spring structure, the elastic characteristic that can pass through spring supports the initial stage to apply a precompression to solution cavity wall in solution cavity, applying
Precompression changes the stress field of solution cavity wall surrounding rock body, improves the stability of solution cavity wall country rock.Meanwhile, spring is also a storage
Energy device, by the accumulation of energy characteristic of spring, after the completion of solution-cavity filling is administered, spring can effectively absorb due to the deformation of solution cavity wall
And the deformation energy producing, be conducive to the stability in later stage tunnel.In addition, the Making programme letter of super large spring type framework of steel reinforcement
Single, better economy, formed using live hot rolling plain bar coiling, and size can be carried out according to virtual cavity size
Change, flexible and changeable；
Filling plastic foam: plastic foam has the characteristics that the big density of volume is little, using this characteristic, by plastic foam
It is filled in spring skeleton, the gravity load acting in lining cutting can be effectively reduced, Roc can be greatly decreased simultaneously and stop material
Usage amount, reduce filling treatment cost；Because plastic foam operability is higher, filling plastic foam is in spring steel bar
Skeletal internal is simply fixed can meet construction requirement.
Roc is stopped: Roc is not a kind of injection product being made up of two kinds of compositions, is usually used in hollow filling and reinforces tight
Weight broken formation.With 4 to 1 volumetric ratio hybrid resins and catalyst, occur fast reaction to generate foam, then can rapid expanding arrive
20-30 times of original volume.After expansion, Luokexiu foam hardened within a few minutes.Quick, the highly expanded rate of its reaction, good
Anti-pressure ability and prominent antistatic property, can obtain economy, quick, safe filling effect.
Integrated use of the present invention ultra-large type spring, plastic foam and Roc are stopped material and are disclosed solution cavity to tunnel upper and carry out
Filling is administered, and each filler uses ratio rationally it is adaptable to the punishment of larger solution cavity, and regulation effect is preferable.
Although the above-mentioned accompanying drawing that combines is described to the specific embodiment of the present invention, not model is protected to the present invention
The restriction enclosed, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme, and those skilled in the art are not
Need to pay the various modifications that creative work can make or deformation still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of protection Treatment Methods of tunnel top solution cavity are it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1. coiling is molded after spring type framework of steel reinforcement in the good foam of filling；
Step 2. is disclosing below solution cavity according to tunnel cross-section form laying steel arch-shelf；
Step 3. erects the spring type framework of steel reinforcement that step 1 obtains in the cavity being hung to solution cavity, by spring type reinforcing bar
Frame arranges, and one end of spring is connected with the steel arch-shelf in step 2, and the other end is fixed on solution cavity wall；Described bullet
Spring steel bar skeleton presses quincunx arrangement；
Step 4. applies the false top in tunnel using steel arch-shelf as liner；
Step 5. arranges injected hole on false top, injects foam by injected hole toward the cavity inside of solution cavity, by put into before
Reinforced foam bonding and reinforcement, the space between substantial spring and plastic foam.
2. the protection Treatment Methods of tunnel top solution cavity as claimed in claim 1 are it is characterised in that the detailed process of step 1
As follows: according to intended diameter, reinforcing bar to be turned on spring Coil-up machine ultra-large type spring, foam is filled to after coiling shaping
Spring skeleton in, and be fixed.
3. the protection Treatment Methods of tunnel top solution cavity as claimed in claim 1 or 2 are it is characterised in that the concrete mistake of step 1
Journey is as follows: is filled to plastic foam in described spring type framework of steel reinforcement.
4. the protection Treatment Methods of tunnel top solution cavity as claimed in claim 1 are it is characterised in that the detailed process of step 3
As follows:
3-1 develops scale, the ultra-large type spring of processing and fabricating corresponding length and diameter according to solution cavity；
3-2 is numbered to the spring of respective support position, according to numbering according to quincunx laying ultra-large type spring；
On the steel arch-shelf that spring one end fixation is set up by 3-3 in step 2, then the other end is placed into solution cavity wall by compression spring
On, last release spring, so that spring is fixed on solution cavity wall by extruding force.
5. the protection Treatment Methods of tunnel top solution cavity as claimed in claim 1 are it is characterised in that from injected hole in step 5
Foam in injection cavity is Luokexiu foam.
6. the protection Treatment Methods of tunnel top solution cavity as claimed in claim 1 are it is characterised in that injected hole performs on false top
After good, according to square arrangement injected hole below false top.
7. the protection Treatment Methods of tunnel top solution cavity as claimed in claim 2 are it is characterised in that between adjacent injected hole
Spacing 3 m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510036310.3A CN104632248B (en) | 2015-01-22 | 2015-01-22 | Protection and treatment method for tunnel top karst cave |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510036310.3A CN104632248B (en) | 2015-01-22 | 2015-01-22 | Protection and treatment method for tunnel top karst cave |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104632248A CN104632248A (en) | 2015-05-20 |
| CN104632248B true CN104632248B (en) | 2017-01-18 |
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| CN201510036310.3A Active CN104632248B (en) | 2015-01-22 | 2015-01-22 | Protection and treatment method for tunnel top karst cave |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105065038A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-11-18 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Tunnel collapse disposing method and tunnel collapse support structure |
| CN106351202B (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2019-06-04 | 中交一航局第四工程有限公司 | The circumferentially continuous karst cave treatment method of karst landform tunnel beading |
| CN110847935B (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2021-05-18 | 西南交通大学 | Rapid construction method for tunnel to penetrate through large karst cave cavity |
| CN110966021B (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2022-03-01 | 西南交通大学 | A renovate structure that is used for operation tunnel to strut large-scale cavity behind one's back |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3010440A1 (en) * | 1980-03-19 | 1981-09-24 | Stumpp + Kurz Gmbh + Co, 7000 Stuttgart | DRILLING TOOL FOR MAKING ONE AND DOWEL FOR SHAPED INSERTION INTO A BIG DEPTH WITH A CONICAL EXTENSION |
| SU1139854A1 (en) * | 1982-03-31 | 1985-02-15 | Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский институт транспортного строительства | Rack for testing strained and deformed state of models of prefabricated roof supports for underground mine working |
| KR100562938B1 (en) * | 2003-08-20 | 2006-03-22 | 주식회사 우지스 | The waterproofing air-bubbles grouting method of construction for tunnel hollow filling |
| CN102383806B (en) * | 2011-07-18 | 2013-09-18 | 广东华盟路桥工程有限公司 | Construction technology for allowing tunnel to pass through ultra-large karst cave |
| CN102425082A (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2012-04-25 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Subgrade strengthening structure for highly karstified station turnout zone on high-speed railway |
| CN203769818U (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2014-08-13 | 洛阳理工学院 | Shock-resisting large-deformation anchor bolt |
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