CN104630689A - Self-lubricating abrasion-resistant coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Self-lubricating abrasion-resistant coating and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104630689A
CN104630689A CN201510116262.9A CN201510116262A CN104630689A CN 104630689 A CN104630689 A CN 104630689A CN 201510116262 A CN201510116262 A CN 201510116262A CN 104630689 A CN104630689 A CN 104630689A
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powder
coating
copper
baf
caf
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袁建辉
单张飞
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BINZHOU YITAI SURFACE COATING TECHNIQUE Co Ltd
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BINZHOU YITAI SURFACE COATING TECHNIQUE Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a self-lubricating abrasion-resistant coating. The coating comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60-80% of tungsten cobalt carbide, 10-30% of copper and the balance of fluoride; the thickness of the coating is 100-500mu m. The preparation method of the self-lubricating abrasion-resistant coating comprises the following steps: a, ball milling and mixing tungsten cobalt carbide powder, copper powder and fluoride powder in an anhydrous ethanol medium, wherein the ball milling rotating speed is controlled at 100-150r/min and the mixing time is 24-48 hours; b, drying the mixed powder at 40-80 DEG C, carrying out vacuum sintering on the dried powder at a sintering temperature of 1000-1200 DEG C and carrying out heat preservation for 1-3 hours; c, crushing a block formed after sintering into powder of which the particle size is not more than 75mu m; and d, preparing the coating by using the powder obtained in the step c as a raw material by virtue of an atmospheric plasma spraying method.

Description

A kind of self-lubricating wear-resistant coating and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to and a kind ofly have compound coating of self-lubricating and wear-resisting functions and preparation method thereof concurrently, belong to protective material technical field.
Background technology
The greatest limit that the development of machinofacture and sophisticated technology and the performance of material reach is closely bound up, but improving constantly of the working stress of bearing along with material and working temperature, often makes material just cause due to wearing and tearing losing efficacy before not reaching operating limit.In the U.S., within 1985, reach 20,000,000,000 dollars due to the estimated amount of damage that causes of wearing and tearing.[Budinski K. G., Surface Engineering for Wear Resistance. Prentice Hall. N. J. USA. 1988.], if the loss that abrasion and corrosion causes is calculated together, estimates to reach 2,000 hundred million dollars.[Bernecki T. F.. Ceramic Industry. 1989,10:39.], in Germany, brainstrust estimates that the loss caused due to abrasion and corrosion every year accounts for greatly 5% of GSP.[Lugscheider E., Proc. of the Nat. Thermal Spray Conf. Florida. USA. 1987:105.] according to German professor's Vogelpohl prediction, 1/3 to 1/2 of the produced worldwide energy is lost in frictional wear, [Fuller D D. Theory and Practice of Lubrication Engineer. John Wiley & Sons, 1986.] Britain professor H.P.Jost points out, 30% ~ 40% of the world consumption energy consumes in frictional wear.[west wind. reasonable lubrication technical manual. petroleum industry press, 1993:5.] therefore explore and reduce and prevent wearing and tearing, the method for corroding and technology to have great social effect and economic benefit.
It is high that wolfram varbide (WC) has fusing point as high-abrasive material, hardness high (particularly hot hardness is high), the feature of the typical stupalith such as stable chemical performance.And the wettability of cobalt (Co) melt to wolfram varbide is best, the preparation of the metal-ceramic composite coatings being representative with WC-Co (WC-Co) is subject to the great attention of investigators.But WC-Co coating hardness is high, serious frictional wear can be produced to mating plate, indirectly add abrasion loss.Alkaline-earth metal fluoride (CaF 2, BaF 2and 62wt.%BaF 2-38wt.%CaF 2eutectic) greatly about 400 DEG C time, experienced by transformation from frangible to ductile, decrease the shear strength of itself, improve the ability as high temperature solid lubricant, when more than 400 DEG C, show good solid lubrication performance.Metallic copper has good thermal conductivity, toughness, ductility and plasticity-, and fusing point higher (1085 DEG C), under anoxic or air conditions, does not react with dilute sulphuric acid or organic acid, oxidation products Cu 2o has certain lubrication.In addition, copper raw material wide material sources, cheap.Given this, the present invention expects by adding alkaline-earth metal fluoride and copper solid lubricant in WC-Co simultaneously, reduces frictional coefficient and the wear rate of coating.
So far, tungsten cobalt carbide-copper-fluoride self-lubricating wear-resistant coating and adopt atmospheric plasma spraying technology to prepare this type of compound coating there is not been reported.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of tungsten cobalt carbide-copper-fluoride self-lubricating wear-resistant coating and preparation method thereof.
Self-lubricating wear-resistant coating of the present invention, coating ingredients is WC-Co, copper and fluorochemical; Coat-thickness is 100-500 μm; Coating ingredients weight percent is WC-Co 60-80%, copper 10-30%, and surplus is fluorochemical.
Coating ingredients weight percent is WC-Co 75-80%, copper 10-15%, and surplus is fluorochemical.
The method that the present invention prepares described self-lubricating wear-resistant coating comprises the steps:
A, wolfram varbide cobalt powder, copper powder and fluoride powder are carried out ball milling mixing in anhydrous ethanol medium, controlling rotational speed of ball-mill is 100-150 r/min, and mixing time is 24-48 hour;
B, dried at 40-80 DEG C by above-mentioned mixed powder, after drying, powder sinters in a vacuum, and sintering temperature is 1000-1200 DEG C, and constant temperature time is 1-3 hour;
C, will sinter after block fragmentation formed powder, the particle diameter of described powder is not more than 75 μm;
D, with step c gained powder for raw material, adopt air plasma spraying method to be prepared into coating.
The mean particle size of wolfram varbide cobalt powder used is 15-45 μm, and tungsten carbide grain size is 200-800nm, and cobalt contents is 10-14%; The mean particle size of copper powder used is 15-50 μm; The mean particle size of fluoride powder used is 1-6 μm; Fluoride powder used comprises CaF 2or BaF 2or consist of 62%BaF 2-38%CaF 2eutectic.
Described air plasma spraying method is with argon gas for main gas, and hydrogen is auxiliary gas, and is powder feeding gas with argon gas; The gas flow that described air plasma spraying method controls main gas and auxiliary gas is respectively 45-75 slpm and 2-4 slpm; Controlling powder feeding gas flow is 3-6 slpm, and powder feeding rate is 12-16 rpm; Controlling electric current in spraying process is 350-450 A, and voltage is 50-60 V, and spray distance is 100-120 mm, and control spray time and number of times make prepared coat-thickness be 100-500 μm.
Before air plasma spraying, surface preparation is carried out to metal base; Described surface preparation comprises cleaning, oil removing, sandblasting, cutting thread or annular knurl, electric plucking; Described metal base comprises A3 soft steel, stainless steel and bearing steel.
Due to the provide protection of added copper, the decarburization of wolfram varbide in Plasma Spraying Process Using reduces, and in compound coating, brittlement phase reduces, and fatigue wear disappears.Meanwhile, due to the chilling in spraying process, in compound coating, non-crystalline state BaF is produced 2/ CaF 2, show excellent lubricity under this noncrystal normal temperature, significantly improve the frictional behaviour of compound coating.
Utilize scanning electronic microscope (SEM), energy spectrometer (EDS) and UMT multifunction friction wear tester characterize obtained sample.
Obtained coating is used successively the Al of different-grain diameter 2o 3abrasive material carries out surface grinding, and is polished to surfaceness with diamond paste: Ra=0.5 μm.Adopt UMT multifunction friction wear tester, friction-wear test is carried out in ball-dish way of contact.Testing used is 302 Stainless Steel Balls of diameter 4mm to abrading-ball, and hardness is RC39.Other experiment parameters: positive pressure 10N, line of slide speed 0.5m/s, fraction time 20 minutes, friction stroke 600 meters.
Frictional coefficient is directly read by friction device, and adopt surface profiler to measure polishing scratch sectional area, sectional area is multiplied with polishing scratch girth and draws wear volume, and wear rate is by following formulae discovery, and frictional coefficient and wear rate value all get the mean value repeating for 5 times to test.
In formula: w---wear rate; Δ V---wear volume; f---positive pressure; l---friction stroke.
Advantage of the present invention:
(1) WC-Co-copper-fluorochemical compound coating adopting air plasma spraying to prepare compares with traditional WC-Co coating, and coating structure is even, compact structure, and crackle and voids content reduce.
(2) WC-Co-copper-fluorochemical compound coating adopting air plasma spraying to prepare compares with traditional WC-Co coating, and WC decarburization is less, and brittlement phase content is lower, and the fatigue wear caused by repeated stress is not remarkable.
(3) WC-Co-copper-fluorochemical compound coating friction and wear behavior adopting air plasma spraying to prepare all is significantly improved, and in the present invention, the coating ingredients scope of frictional behaviour the best is: WC-Co: copper: fluorochemical=(75 ~ 80): (10 ~ 15): surplus.Its frictional coefficient and wear rate can be reduced to respectively and be about 0.02 and (1.3 ± 0.03) × 10 -5mm 3n -1m -1, be all about 5% of traditional WC-Co coating.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Schematic illustration is done to each Figure of description
Fig. 1 is the SEM figure of coating glazed surface of the present invention, the WC-Co coating that (a) is traditional; (b) 80wt.% WC-Co-10wt.% Cu-10wt.% BaF 2/ CaF 2coating; (c) 70wt.% WC-Co-20wt.% Cu-10wt.% BaF 2/ CaF 2coating and (d) 60wt.% WC-Co-30wt.% Cu-10wt.% BaF 2/ CaF 2coating glazed surface SEM figure, result shows, traditional WC-Co coating porosity and crackle content more, WC-Co-Cu-BaF 2/ CaF 2composite coating structure is fine and close;
Fig. 2 is the change curve of the friction coefficient fraction time of coating of the present invention, the WC-Co coating that (1) is traditional; (2) 80wt.% WC-Co-10wt.% Cu-10wt.% BaF 2/ CaF 2coating; (3) 70wt.% WC-Co-20wt.% Cu-10wt.% BaF 2/ CaF 2coating and (4) 60wt.% WC-Co-30wt.% Cu-10wt.% BaF 2/ CaF 2the change curve of the friction coefficient fraction time of coating, result shows, WC-Co-Cu-BaF 2/ CaF 2the frictional coefficient of coating is all lower than traditional WC-Co coating;
Fig. 3 is the wear rate comparison diagram of coating of the present invention, the WC-Co coating that (1) is traditional; (2) 80wt.% WC-Co-10wt.% Cu-10wt.% BaF 2/ CaF 2coating; (3) 70wt.% WC-Co-20wt.% Cu-10wt.% BaF 2/ CaF 2coating and (4) 60wt.% WC-Co-30wt.% Cu-10wt.% BaF 2/ CaF 2the wear rate of coating compares, and result shows, WC-Co-Cu-BaF 2/ CaF 2the wear rate of coating is all lower than traditional WC-Co coating;
Fig. 4 is coating frictional experiment rear surface of the present invention SEM shape appearance figure, the WC-Co coating that (a) is traditional; (b) 80wt.% WC-Co-10wt.% Cu-10wt.% BaF 2/ CaF 2coating; (c) 70wt.% WC-Co-20wt.% Cu-10wt.% BaF 2/ CaF 2coating and (d) 60wt.% WC-Co-30wt.% Cu-10wt.% BaF 2/ CaF 2coating frictional experiment rear surface SEM pattern, result shows, the wearing and tearing of traditional WC-Co coating are based on fatigue wear, and WC-Co-Cu-BaF 2/ CaF 2the wearing and tearing of coating are based on abrasive wear.
Embodiment
Further illustrate the present invention below by embodiment, but the present invention is limited to embodiment absolutely not.
Embodiment 1:
Air plasma spraying powder is weight ratio 80% WC-Co-10% Cu-10% BaF 2/ CaF 2powder, spraying base material is A3 mild steel plate.Before air plasma spraying, adopt SiC sand grains to carry out sandblast pretreatment to spraying substrate surface, after pre-treatment, adopt air plasma spraying system to spray.With argon gas for main gas, hydrogen is auxiliary gas, and the gas flow of argon gas and hydrogen is respectively 50 slpm and 3 slpm; Take argon gas as powder feeding gas, powder feeding gas flow is 5 slpm, and powder feeding rate is 14 rpm; The electric current adopted in spraying process is 400A, and voltage is 55V, and spray distance is 100 mm, sprays 25 times.Prepared coat-thickness is about 300 μm.
80% WC-Co-10% Cu-10% BaF 2/ CaF 2the frictional coefficient of coating is about 0.02, wear rate is about (1.3 ± 0.03) × 10 -5mm 3n -1m -1, and the frictional coefficient of traditional WC-Co coating is about 0.42, wear rate is about (25.7 ± 2.8) × 10 -5mm 3n -1m -1.The frictional coefficient of compound coating and wear rate all be improved significantly.
Embodiment 2:
The main gas of air plasma spraying in embodiment 1 and the gas flow of auxiliary gas being changed into is respectively 75 slpm and 3 slpm, and other experiment conditions are identical.Gained 80% WC-Co-10% Cu-10% BaF 2/ CaF 2the frictional coefficient of coating is about 0.07, wear rate is about (2.4 ± 0.05) × 10 -5mm 3n -1m -1, and the frictional coefficient of traditional WC-Co coating is about 0.42, wear rate is about (25.7 ± 2.8) × 10 -5mm 3n -1m -1.The frictional coefficient of compound coating and wear rate all be improved significantly.
Embodiment 3:
Change the electric current of air plasma spraying in embodiment 1 into 450A, other experiment conditions are identical.Gained 80% WC-Co-10% Cu-10% BaF 2/ CaF 2the frictional coefficient of coating is about 0.09, wear rate is about (3.1 ± 0.08) × 10 -5mm 3n -1m -1, and the frictional coefficient of traditional WC-Co coating is about 0.42, wear rate is about (25.7 ± 2.8) × 10 -5mm 3n -1m -1.The frictional coefficient of compound coating and wear rate all be improved significantly.
Embodiment 4:
Air plasma spraying powder in embodiment 1 is changed into 80% WC-Co-10% Cu-10% BaF 2powder, other experiment conditions are identical.Gained 80% WC-Co-10% Cu-10% BaF 2the frictional coefficient of coating is about 0.03, wear rate is about (2.1 ± 0.06) × 10 -5mm 3n -1m -1, and the frictional coefficient of traditional WC-Co coating is about 0.42, wear rate is about (25.7 ± 2.8) × 10 -5mm 3n -1m -1.The frictional coefficient of compound coating and wear rate all be improved significantly.
Embodiment 5:
Air plasma spraying powder in embodiment 1 is changed into 80% WC-Co-10% Cu-10% CaF 2powder, other experiment conditions are identical.Gained 80% WC-Co-10% Cu-10% CaF 2the frictional coefficient of coating is about 0.04, wear rate is about (2.7 ± 0.08) × 10 -5mm 3n -1m -1, and the frictional coefficient of traditional WC-Co coating is about 0.42, wear rate is about (25.7 ± 2.8) × 10 -5mm 3n -1m -1.The frictional coefficient of compound coating and wear rate all be improved significantly.
Embodiment 6:
Air plasma spraying powder in embodiment 1 is changed into 75% WC-Co-10% Cu-15% BaF 2/ CaF 2powder, other experiment conditions are identical.Gained 75% WC-Co-10% Cu-15% BaF 2/ CaF 2the frictional coefficient of coating is about 0.08, wear rate is about (3.6 ± 0.13) × 10 -5mm 3n -1m -1, and the frictional coefficient of traditional WC-Co coating is about 0.42, wear rate is about (25.7 ± 2.8) × 10 -5mm 3n -1m -1.The frictional coefficient of compound coating and wear rate all be improved significantly.
Embodiment 7:
Air plasma spraying powder in embodiment 1 is changed into 70% WC-Co-10% Cu-20% BaF 2/ CaF 2powder, other experiment conditions are identical.Gained 70% WC-Co-10% Cu-20% BaF 2/ CaF 2the frictional coefficient of coating is about 0.05, wear rate is about (3.9 ± 0.21) × 10 -5mm 3n -1m -1, and the frictional coefficient of traditional WC-Co coating is about 0.42, wear rate is about (25.7 ± 2.8) × 10 -5mm 3n -1m -1.The frictional coefficient of compound coating and wear rate all be improved significantly.
Embodiment 8:
Air plasma spraying powder in embodiment 1 is changed into 75% WC-Co-15% Cu-10% BaF 2/ CaF 2powder, other experiment conditions are identical.Gained 75% WC-Co-15% Cu-10% BaF 2/ CaF 2the frictional coefficient of coating is about 0.04, wear rate is about (2.8 ± 0.3) × 10 -5mm 3n -1m -1, and the frictional coefficient of traditional WC-Co coating is about 0.42, wear rate is about (25.7 ± 2.8) × 10 -5mm 3n -1m -1.The frictional coefficient of compound coating and wear rate all be improved significantly.
Embodiment 9:
Air plasma spraying powder in embodiment 1 is changed into 70% WC-Co-20% Cu-10% BaF 2/ CaF 2powder, other experiment conditions are identical.Gained 70% WC-Co-20% Cu-10% BaF 2/ CaF 2the frictional coefficient of coating is about 0.14, wear rate is about (5.9 ± 0.5) × 10 -5mm 3n -1m -1, and the frictional coefficient of traditional WC-Co coating is about 0.42, wear rate is about (25.7 ± 2.8) × 10 -5mm 3n -1m -1.The frictional coefficient of compound coating and wear rate all be improved significantly.
Embodiment 10:
Air plasma spraying powder in embodiment 1 is changed into 65% WC-Co-25% Cu-10% BaF 2/ CaF 2powder, other experiment conditions are identical.Gained 65% WC-Co-25% Cu-10% BaF 2/ CaF 2the frictional coefficient of coating is about 0.19, wear rate is about (4.5 ± 0.2) × 10 -5mm 3n -1m -1, and the frictional coefficient of traditional WC-Co coating is about 0.42, wear rate is about (25.7 ± 2.8) × 10 -5mm 3n -1m -1.The frictional coefficient of compound coating and wear rate all be improved significantly.
Embodiment 11:
Air plasma spraying powder in embodiment 1 is changed into 60% WC-Co-30% Cu-10% BaF 2/ CaF 2powder, other experiment conditions are identical.Gained 60% WC-Co-30% Cu-10% BaF 2/ CaF 2the frictional coefficient of coating is about 0.24, and wear rate is (3.0 ± 0.4) × 10 -5mm 3n -1m -1, and the frictional coefficient of traditional WC-Co coating is about 0.42, wear rate is (25.7 ± 2.8) × 10 -5mm 3n -1m -1.The frictional coefficient of compound coating and wear rate all be improved significantly.

Claims (6)

1. a self-lubricating wear-resistant coating, is characterized in that: coating ingredients is WC-Co, copper and fluorochemical; Coat-thickness is 100-500 μm; Coating ingredients weight percent is WC-Co 60-80%, copper 10-30%, and surplus is fluorochemical.
2. self-lubricating wear-resistant coating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: coating ingredients weight percent is WC-Co 75-80%, copper 10-15%, surplus is fluorochemical.
3. prepare a method for self-lubricating wear-resistant coating described in claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A, wolfram varbide cobalt powder, copper powder and fluoride powder are carried out ball milling mixing in anhydrous ethanol medium, controlling rotational speed of ball-mill is 100-150 r/min, and mixing time is 24-48 hour;
B, dried at 40-80 DEG C by above-mentioned mixed powder, after drying, powder sinters in a vacuum, and sintering temperature is 1000-1200 DEG C, and constant temperature time is 1-3 hour;
C, will sinter after block fragmentation formed powder, the particle diameter of described powder is not more than 75 μm;
D, with step c gained powder for raw material, adopt air plasma spraying method to be prepared into coating.
4. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the mean particle size of wolfram varbide cobalt powder used is 15-45 μm, and tungsten carbide grain size is 200-800nm, and cobalt contents is 10-14%; The mean particle size of copper powder used is 15-50 μm; The mean particle size of fluoride powder used is 1-6 μm; Fluoride powder used comprises CaF 2or BaF 2or consist of 62%BaF 2-38%CaF 2eutectic.
5. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described air plasma spraying method is with argon gas for main gas, and hydrogen is auxiliary gas, and is powder feeding gas with argon gas; The gas flow that described air plasma spraying method controls main gas and auxiliary gas is respectively 45-75 slpm and 2-4 slpm; Controlling powder feeding gas flow is 3-6 slpm, and powder feeding rate is 12-16 rpm; Controlling electric current in spraying process is 350-450 A, and voltage is 50-60 V, and spray distance is 100-120 mm, and control spray time and number of times make prepared coat-thickness be 100-500 μm.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: carries out surface preparation to metal base before air plasma spraying; Described surface preparation comprises cleaning, oil removing, sandblasting, cutting thread or annular knurl, electric plucking; Described metal base comprises A3 soft steel, stainless steel and bearing steel.
CN201510116262.9A 2015-03-17 2015-03-17 Self-lubricating abrasion-resistant coating and preparation method thereof Pending CN104630689A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111549256A (en) * 2020-06-24 2020-08-18 浙江省冶金研究院有限公司 Method for improving performance of tin-based babbitt metal

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111549256A (en) * 2020-06-24 2020-08-18 浙江省冶金研究院有限公司 Method for improving performance of tin-based babbitt metal
CN111549256B (en) * 2020-06-24 2021-06-01 浙江省冶金研究院有限公司 Method for improving performance of tin-based babbitt metal

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