The preparation method of valve rocker seat
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of mechanical technique, relate to a kind of valve rocker seat, particularly relate to a kind of preparation method of valve rocker seat.
Background technology
Valve rocker seat is an important component part in vehicle motor, its structure as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, comprise one in block body, body top and bottom have plane end face 2 and bottom surface 3 respectively, body vertically offers two datum holes run through 4, the two ends of each datum hole 4 lay respectively on end face 2 and bottom surface 3.Bottom surface 3 also offers between two datum holes 4 shrinkage pool 5, two datum holes 4 and a shrinkage pool 5 linearly arranges, bottom surface 3 offers an oil groove 6 along the distribution arrangement of two datum holes 4.Body both sides respectively there is an axle 1 and two axles 1 all in cylindric, the lateral surface of two axles 1 coaxially offers a cannelure 9 with axle 1 respectively.The end face of a wherein axle 1 has a centre bore 7, and the lateral surface of this axle 1 radially offers three oilholes, 8, three oilholes 8 and be all positioned at cannelure 9 and be equally spaced.
When producing valve rocker seat, need a first shaping blank, then, process the top of blank and bottom to form end face 2 and bottom surface 3, the axle 1 of processing body both sides, forms the cylinder oblique crank Z 1 meeting user demand, boring or groove milling respectively on end face 2, bottom surface 3, axle 1.In existing preparation method, for convenience of clamping and processing, its key step made is: 1, first just one-step forming (comprise successively to blank rough mill bottom surface 3, the cylindrical of rough turn right-hand member axle 1, rough turn left end shaft 1 cylindrical, rough mill end face 2, corase grind left and right end axle 1 cylindrical); 2, boring also milling oil groove (comprising the oil groove 6 getting out two datum holes 4, shrinkage pool 5 successively and mill out bottom surface); 3, fine finishining (comprise carry out successively fine grinding bottom surface, finish-milling end face, fine cylindrical); 4, auger spindle hole (comprising the oilhole 8 etc. got out on centre bore 7, auger spindle lateral surface); 5, polishing.
In the preliminary forming step of above-mentioned production process, because needing the processing of each position up and down first completing blank, so need to carry out multiple clamping to workpiece in this process, and the operations such as follow-up boring, fine finishining still need the clamping again carrying out repeatedly to workpiece, and multiple clamping exist clamping precision require high, the problem that machining accuracy is low and working (machining) efficiency is low.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the problems referred to above existed for prior art, propose the preparation method of the higher valve rocker seat of a kind of working (machining) efficiency.
Object of the present invention realizes by following technical proposal:
The preparation method of valve rocker seat, is characterized in that, the preparation method of described valve rocker seat comprises the steps:
A, milling are two-sided: two axles being positioned at workpiece both sides by holder realize Workpiece fixing, mill out end face and bottom surface on the top of workpiece and bottom;
B, bore two-sided hole and groove milling: on workpiece, get out two arranged side by side datum holes run through along the direction perpendicular with above-mentioned end face, the two ends of datum hole lay respectively on above-mentioned end face and bottom surface; Workpiece bottom gets out a shrinkage pool and mills out oil groove;
The axle of c, roughing both sides: the datum hole correspondence of two on workpiece is plugged on fixture and realizes Workpiece fixing, milling is positioned at the end face of two axles of workpiece both sides and the lateral surface of turning two axles;
D, auger spindle hole: the end face of an axle after milling gets out centre bore, and radially get out several oilhole at the lateral surface of this axle, several oilhole distributes around axis;
E, fine finishining axle: the lateral surface of finish turning two axles, and get on the bus out and the cannelure of axle coaxial line at the lateral surface of two axles, above-mentioned oilhole is all positioned at one of them cannelure.
Two axles of the first holding workpiece of preparation method of this valve rocker seat position and the end face of milling workpiece and bottom surface, be convenient to get out on the top and bottom the datum hole that runs through for location, extend in datum hole by fixture again and carry out location, hole, both facilitated the installation of workpiece during fixture location, the precision in following process process after Workpiece fixing can have been ensured again.In whole process, only need clamping two subjob can realize the high accuracy processing of workpiece, greatly reduce the man-hour of clamping workpiece, improve working (machining) efficiency.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned valve rocker seat, in described step a, when the top of milling workpiece and bottom, first rough mill, then carry out finish-milling.Before brill datum hole, directly finish-milling is carried out to end face and bottom surface, ensure the precision of end face and bottom surface, and then ensure the precision of datum hole, improve clamping convenience when workpiece passing hole is located in following process process and accuracy, improve the speed of clamping workpiece, improve working (machining) efficiency.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned valve rocker seat, in described step a, the mode of plane finish milling is adopted to carry out milling to the top of workpiece and/or bottom.With the processing mode of plane finish milling, Milling Process is carried out to workpiece top and/or bottom, relative to processing modes such as flat surface grindings of the prior art, decrease the input of the equipment such as surface grinding machine, decrease expenditure of time during workpiece transfer, improve working (machining) efficiency.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned valve rocker seat, in described step e, after the lateral surface of finish turning two axles, again superfinishing roll extrusion is carried out to the lateral surface of two axles.Adopt the processing mode of finish turning and superfinishing roll extrusion to process the lateral surface of two axles, relative to the processing mode of cylindricalo grinding of the prior art, decrease the input of cylindrical grinder equipment, decrease expenditure of time, improve working (machining) efficiency.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned valve rocker seat, after described step e, chamfering is carried out to the port of said reference hole and oilhole.After workpiece machines substantially, then chamfered is carried out in unification, relative to the mode of carrying out chamfering after each hole machined immediately, decreases the time of workpiece handling, saves process time, improves working (machining) efficiency.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned valve rocker seat, after described step e, polishing is carried out to outer surface of workpiece.Because the surface of workpiece is all through fine finishining, and the outer surface of the axle of workpiece both sides is through the processing of finish turning and superfinishing roll extrusion, meets user demand, so, polishing be now only throw bright.
Compared with prior art, the preparation method of this valve rocker seat has the following advantages:
1, the preparation method of this valve rocker seat first passes through the mode of the axle of holding workpiece both sides to Workpiece fixing, for processing work end face, bottom surface and datum hole, afterwards, piece-holder is carried out by the mode extend into by fixture in datum hole, only need that two times of clamping is carried out to workpiece and can complete location to workpiece in whole process, without the need to being dismounted for multiple times clamping, working (machining) efficiency is high.
2, the preparation method of this valve rocker seat replaces existing cylindricalo grinding with finish turning, superfinishing roll extrusion, the processing modes such as flat surface grinding are replaced with plane finish milling, decrease the input of the equipment such as cylindrical grinder, surface grinding machine, reduce production cost, decrease expenditure of time during workpiece transfer, improve working (machining) efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of valve rocker seat.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of valve rocker seat bottom surface.
Fig. 3 is the process chart of the preparation method of this valve rocker seat.
In figure, 1, axle; 2, end face; 3, bottom surface; 4, datum hole; 5, shrinkage pool; 6, oil groove; 7, centre bore; 8, oilhole; 9, cannelure.
Detailed description of the invention
Be below specific embodiments of the invention and by reference to the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is further described, but the present invention be not limited to these embodiments.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, valve rocker seat comprises one in block body, body top and bottom have plane end face 2 and bottom surface 3 respectively, body vertically offer two datum holes run through 4, and the two ends of each datum hole 4 lay respectively on end face 2 and bottom surface 3.Bottom surface 3 also offers between two datum holes 4 shrinkage pool 5, two datum holes 4 and a shrinkage pool 5 linearly arranges, bottom surface 3 offers an oil groove 6 along the distribution arrangement of two datum holes 4.Body both sides respectively there is an axle 1 and two axles 1 all in cylindric, the lateral surface of two axles 1 coaxially offers a cannelure 9 with axle 1 respectively.The end face of a wherein axle 1 has a centre bore 7, and the lateral surface of this axle 1 radially offers three oilholes, 8, three oilholes 8 and be all positioned at cannelure 9 and be equally spaced.Because valve rocker seat is existing product, position and the connected state in the parameters such as the aperture in its structure, hole depth, groove width, flute profile, groove depth and groove and hole are that those skilled in the art known, and will not illustrate here.
Before valve rocker seat processing and fabricating, first obtain shaping blank workpiece, this blank workpiece is by forging raw material, casting or cutting processing acquisition, also can directly buy on market, because the molding mode of the blank workpiece in the application is identical with existing blank Workpiece shaping mode, will not illustrate.
As shown in Figure 3, the preparation method of this valve rocker seat is after obtaining shaping blank workpiece, and the processing and fabricating method for blank workpiece comprises the steps:
A, milling are two-sided: two axles 1 being positioned at workpiece both sides by holder realize Workpiece fixing, mill out in plane end face 2 and bottom surface 3 on the top of workpiece and bottom;
Here, when the top of Milling Process workpiece and bottom, first carry out rough milling to both, then carry out finish-milling processing to both, finish-milling adds man-hour, adopts the mode of plane finish milling to carry out milling to the top of workpiece and/or bottom.
B, bore two-sided hole and groove milling: on workpiece, get out two arranged side by side datum holes 4 run through along the direction perpendicular with end face 2, the two ends of datum hole 4 lay respectively on end face 2 and bottom surface 3; Between two datum holes 4, a shrinkage pool 5 is got out again and distribution arrangement along two datum holes 4 mills out oil groove 6 on workpiece bottom 3;
The axle 1 of c, roughing both sides: fixture is extend in two datum holes 4 and realize Workpiece fixing, namely during positioning workpieces, directly by the datum hole 4 of two on workpiece corresponding inserted on fixture, workpiece is clamped again by the clamp structure of fixture, afterwards, milling is positioned at the outer face of two axles 1 of workpiece both sides and the lateral surface of turning two axles 1; Tentatively obtain cylindrical axle 1, now, the lateral surface of axle 1 still leaves allowance.
D, auger spindle hole: the end face of a wherein axle 1 of two axles 1 after milling gets out centre bore 7, and radially gets out several oilhole 8 at the lateral surface of this axle 1, and several oilhole 8 distributes around axis; Here, oilhole 8 quantity is three, and uniform around axis.
E, fine finishining axle 1: the lateral surface of finish turning two axles 1 also carries out superfinishing rolling and processing, obtain the cylindrical shaft 1 meeting instructions for use, get on the bus out and the cannelure 9 of axle 1 coaxial line at the lateral surface of two axles 1, above-mentioned oilhole 8 is all positioned at one of them cannelure 9.
F, chamfering: chamfering is carried out to the port of said reference hole 4 and oilhole 8; Here, chamfering can carry out unifying chamfering after all machining again, and also after above-mentioned a certain procedure of processing completes, can carry out chamfer machining immediately.
G, polishing: polishing is carried out to outer surface of workpiece.Here, because the surface of workpiece is all through fine finishining, and the outer surface of the axle 1 of workpiece both sides is through the processing of finish turning and superfinishing roll extrusion, meets user demand, so, polishing be now only throw bright.
Two axles 1 of the first holding workpiece of preparation method of this valve rocker seat position and the end face 2 of milling workpiece and bottom surface 3, be convenient to get out on end face 2 and bottom surface 3 datum hole 4 that runs through for location, extend in datum hole 4 by fixture again and carry out location, hole, both facilitated the installation of workpiece during fixture location, the precision in following process process after Workpiece fixing can have been ensured again.In the present embodiment, the fixture in above-mentioned process can adopt pallet, then, in whole process, only need clamping two subjob can realize the high accuracy processing of workpiece, greatly reduce the man-hour of clamping workpiece, improve working (machining) efficiency.
Above-mentioned process also can be machined by Digit Control Machine Tool, decreases the input of miscellaneous equipment, reduces production cost, decreases expenditure of time during workpiece transfer, improves working (machining) efficiency.Such as, with the processing mode of plane finish milling, Milling Process is carried out to workpiece top and bottom, relative to processing modes such as flat surface grindings of the prior art, decrease the input of the equipment such as surface grinding machine; Adopt the processing mode of finish turning and superfinishing roll extrusion to process the lateral surface of two axles 1, relative to the processing mode of cylindricalo grinding of the prior art, decrease the input of cylindrical grinder equipment.In addition, the process of above-mentioned milling, turning and the effect reached all can be completed by existing machine tooling, and the processing mode such as plane finish milling, superfinishing roll extrusion is existing processing technology, so for how carrying out plane finish milling, it will not go into details in the cooperation of superfinishing roll extrusion and fixture.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to the explanation for example of the present invention's spirit.Those skilled in the art can make various amendment or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute to described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the scope that appended claims defines.