CN104622488B - Medical X-ray measuring device and detected value column processing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of medical X-ray measuring device and detected value column processing method.In the medical X-rays measuring device such as bone density measurement device, increase the valid pixel number for belonging to concern tissue.It such as illustrates, detected value is arranged to be made of alternately arranged multiple L detected values (low-energy X-ray detected value) and multiple H detected values (high-energy X-rays detected value) in the X direction.Multiple adjacent detected values pair are set for detected value column, and determine whether boundary (132) for each adjacent detected value pair.Specifically, in the case where the tissue class judging result based on a detected value and the tissue class judging result based on another detected value are inconsistent (reference marks 134), judge boundary (144).Based on the position on the boundary (144), detected value is arranged and sets pixel column.Specifically, the inside for paying close attention to tissue makes valid pixel number further increasedly, select either one or two of the first pixel column mode and the second pixel column mode (referring to F).

Description

Medical X-ray measuring device and detected value column processing method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of medical X-ray measuring devices, more particularly, to a kind of pixel relative to detected value column The setting of column.

Background technique

As medical X-ray measuring device, it is known that X-ray organizational diagnosis device, X-ray imaging device, X ray CT (Computed Tomography: computed tomography) device etc..Hereinafter, it enumerates and is filled as X-ray organizational diagnosis A kind of bone density (bone density) measuring device set, and be described.

Generally, bone density measurement device is to be based on Dual energy X ray absorptiometry (dual-energy x-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) method), the bone density for being tested intracorporal bone is measured and the device of operation is (referring to Japan Specially permit No. 4980862 bulletin and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2012-192118 bulletin).In bone density measurement device, for example, pen The X-ray of shape beam (pencil-beam) shape mechanically carries out two-dimensional scanning, at the same time to the X-ray for having penetrated measured body It is detected.More specifically, low-energy X-ray and high-energy X-rays are alternately irradiated while implementing beam scanning, and Thus alternately arranged low-energy X-ray detected value (hereinafter referred to as " L detected value ") and height on mechanical scanning direction are obtained Energy X-ray detected value (hereinafter referred to as " H detected value ").

In existing bone density measurement device, relative to the two dimension inspection being made of multiple L detected values and multiple H detected values Measured value array, and fixedly it is set with two-dimensional array.That is, all the time, illumination sequence regardless of object bone position and Shape and fixation.Constitute the H detected value that each pixel of pixel array is obtained by the L detected value that is first obtained and later It constitutes, alternatively, H detected value by being first obtained and the L detected value being obtained later are constituted.As unit of pixel, and it is based on Constitute the pixel unit L detected value and H detected value and to bone density (the bone salts amount in per unit area) carry out operation.Always Since, in bone density measurement device, there is irradiation with the two-dimentional fan beam (fan-beam) dissipated or there is three-dimensional hair The device of scattered conical beam (con-beam).

Summary of the invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

In existing bone density measurement device, as described above, each pixel by be first obtained L detected value (or H examine Measured value) and the H detected value (or L detected value) that is obtained later constitute.In each pixel, the acquirement coordinate of two detected values It is mutually internally inconsistent for stringent.Although also depending on mechanical scanning speed or energy switching cycle, deposited between these coordinates In fixed difference.This is because, in the case where inside pixel including the boundary between Bone and soft tissue, about the pixel And incorrect value may be become by the bone density calculated or the tissue class being judged out based on bone density.In order to keep away Exempt from the problem, and when rejecting the pixel of boundary (profile) nearby in bony areas from operand without exception, bone density Operating range will reduce.That is, can be used in the valid pixel number of measurement will be reduced.Due to the petty action of mouse or mouse etc. The bone of object is very small, therefore when setting operating range relative to them, although in the presence of wishing to expand its fortune as much as possible Calculate the request of range, but it is above-mentioned it is same reject to incur require opposite result with this.

Generally, existing bone density measurement device has following function, that is, based on bone density pixel or bone density distribution The function that automatically boundary of the profile of bony areas, i.e. Bone and soft tissue is judged.But the judgement is with pixel It is set as the judgement of minimum unit.It is therefore desirable to improve the resolution ratio of boundary judgement.Even if the doctor other than bone density measurement device It treats in X-ray measuring instrument, also requires the resolution ratio of raising boundary judgement.

In addition, disclosing one kind can be asked as unit of pixel in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2012-192118 bulletin The bone density measurement device that the information for being equivalent to L detected value and H detected value out is shown is (referring to Fig. 2 and figure of the document 3).However, not disclosing the boundary judgement as unit of detected value or as unit of half-pixel in the publication.In addition, It does not record according to boundary and the case where suitably set to pixel column or pixel array afterwards.

It is an object of the present invention in medical X-ray measuring device, it can be suitably right relative to detected value column Pixel column (multiple operations with detected value to) is set.Alternatively, the valid pixel number for belonging to concern tissue can be increased.

The method used for solving the problem

Medical X-ray measuring device according to the present invention is characterised by comprising: acquisition unit, by penetrating to X It is scanned the X-ray beam through measured body while heat input is converted, to obtain by beam scanning direction On the detected value column that constitute of multiple low-energy X-ray detected values for being alternately arranged and multiple high-energy X-rays detected values；If Order member, arranges relative to the detected value, and to from the picture including the first pixel column mode and the second pixel column mode The pixel column mode being selected in plain column modal sets is set；Arithmetic element is directed to and applies the specific pixel column Each pixel in the pixel column of mode carries out operation to operation values based on the detected value pair for constituting the pixel, described in composition The detected value pair of each pixel in first pixel column mode is detected by the low energy pre-existed on the beam scanning direction It is worth and is present in its next high energy detection values to constitute, constitutes the detected value of each pixel in the second pixel column mode It is right, by the high energy detection values pre-existed on the beam scanning direction and it is present in its next low energy detection values structure At.Preferably, the first pixel column mode is on the beam scanning direction with the second pixel column mode and is staggered The relationship of half-pixel amount.

By above structure, detected value column are obtained by the scanning relative to the X-ray beam of measured body.X beam is excellent It is selected as fan beam.Pencilbeam or conical beam can also be made to be scanned.Detected value is arranged by submitting in beam scanning direction The multiple low-energy X-ray detected values alternately arranged and multiple high-energy X-rays detected values are constituted.Although in existing technology In, it arranges and is fixedly set with to the detected value of the progress operation such as bone density to (pixel) relative to detected value, but by upper Structure is stated, suitably detected value can set (pixel).That is, can according to situation, and from include the first pixel column Among multiple pixel column modes including mode and the second pixel column mode, some pixel column mode is selected.For example, it is preferable to To be selected in a manner of increasing the valid pixel number belonged in concern tissue further pixel column mode.No matter adopt With which kind of mode, by the setting afterwards to pixel column mode, so as to release or mitigate because of unified pixel column mode It sets and leads to the problem of.Although pixel column modal sets can be by both the first pixel column mode and the second pixel column mode structure At, but can also be constituted in a manner of further including third pixel column mode etc..Third pixel column mode is also possible to for example have There is the mode of twice of the resolution ratio merged to the first pixel column mode and the second pixel column mode.

The value and other values that above-mentioned each detected value can be and indicate the value of detection intensity, indicates attenuation.Although Operation values are preferably bone density but it is also possible to be the value for indicating fat mass and other values.Alternatively, it is also possible to use following side Formula, that is, the first pixel column mode of application at the same time, passes through phase to constitute one dimensional image and relative to detected value column Identical detected value is arranged and applies the second voxel model to constitute other one dimensional images, and the two is compared simultaneously Evaluation.

Preferably, the setup unit is based on the profile for paying close attention to tissue and to the pixel column mould for being applied to detected value column Formula is selected.The profile (boundary) for paying close attention to tissue is specific for example, by being analyzed detected value column.It can also be based on Other images carry out the profile of specific concern tissue.In addition it is also possible to specify the profile manually.If paying close attention to the profile quilt of tissue It is specific, then more pixels can be set to paying close attention in tissue in this, as benchmark.It can also be in the following way, that is, It is not as unit of pixel but as unit of detected value and to group in the case where being judged based on detected value column boundary It knits classification to be judged, and in the case where the specific conversion of tissue class, boundary is judged as according to the situation.Pass through This method, with as unit of pixel to implement boundary judgement the case where compared with can make to judge that resolution ratio improves twice.

Preferably, including judging unit, the judging unit arrange relative to the detected value and set multiple adjacent detections Value pair, and the presence or absence of concern tissue profile is judged, the judging unit packet for each adjacent detected value pair Include: the first judging unit, the low-energy X-ray detected value based on the adjacent detected value centering and tissue class is sentenced It is disconnected；Second judgment unit, the high-energy X-rays detected value based on the adjacent detected value centering and tissue class is sentenced It is disconnected；Comprehensive descision unit, first judging unit of judging result and institute based on to(for) the adjacent detected value pair The judging result of second judgment unit is stated, and whether there is or not profiles to judge to the concern tissue.Preferably, make the first judgement list The judging result of member and the judging result of second judgment unit compare, and are deposited according to the inconsistent of the two specifically for boundary ?.

Preferably, the acquisition unit includes: X-ray generating unit, is arranged on the side of the measured body, concurrently The raw X-ray fan beam for being scanned and being extended in the Y direction in the X direction；X-ray detection unit, is arranged on The other side of the measured body, and the X-ray fan beam for having penetrated the measured body is detected, pass through the X-ray The scanning of fan beam and constitute and arrange the two-dimensional detection value array formed by the multiple detected values arranged in the Y-direction, institute Setup unit is stated for each detected value column and independently to be applied to the pixel column modes of each detected value column into Row selection.According to this structure, since voxel model can be selected so that detection column are unit, it can increase and belong to concern picture The number of the valid pixel of element.

Preferably, the arithmetic element includes: operational part, generates two maintenance and operation corresponding with the two-dimensional detection value array Calculate value array；Interpolation value processing unit, by carrying out interpolation value processing to the two-dimentional operation value array, so that it is aobvious to generate composition The pixel array of diagram picture.Preferably, the concern tissue is bone, and the operation values are bone density.

Pixel column processing method according to the present invention is to make to penetrate while to by converting X-ray energy The detected value that the X-ray beam of measured body is scanned and is obtained arranges the method handled, the detected value column processing side Method is characterized in that the detected value arranges multiple low-energy X-rays detection by being alternately arranged on beam scanning direction Value and multiple high-energy X-rays detected values are constituted, this method comprises: setting process, arranges relative to the detected value, and to from packet The pixel column mode being selected in the pixel column modal sets including the first pixel column mode and the second pixel column mode is included to be set It is fixed；Operational process, for each pixel in the pixel column for applying the specific pixel column mode, based on the composition pixel Detected value pair and operation is carried out to operation values, constitute the detected value pair of each pixel in the first pixel column mode, by The low energy detection values pre-existed on the beam scanning direction high energy detection values next with its is present in are constituted, and are constituted The detected value pair of each pixel in the second pixel column mode, by the high-energy pre-existed on the beam scanning direction Detected value low energy detection values next with its is present in are constituted.This method can be realized as the function of program, in the feelings Under condition, program is installed in information processing unit via storage medium or network.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the first exemplary figure for indicating bone density measurement device.

Fig. 2 is the figure for indicating the two-dimensional array being set relative to two-dimensional detection value array.

Fig. 3 is the figure being illustrated for the mechanical scanning to fan beam.

Fig. 4 is the figure being illustrated for the mechanical scanning to pencilbeam.

Fig. 5 is the first exemplary figure for indicating boundary judgment method.

Fig. 6 is the figure for indicating the Rule of judgment in boundary judgment method shown in fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is the second exemplary figure for indicating boundary judgment method.

Fig. 8 is the figure for indicating the Rule of judgment in boundary judgment method shown in Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is the first exemplary figure for indicating pixel column setting.

Figure 10 is the second exemplary figure for indicating pixel column setting.

Figure 11 is the exemplary figure of third for indicating pixel column setting.

Figure 12 is the 4th exemplary figure for indicating pixel column setting.

Figure 13 is the figure for indicating the two-dimensional array as comparative example.

Figure 14 is the figure for indicating the two-dimensional array being appropriately set according to boundary.

Figure 15 is for handling and sampling again the figure that processing is illustrated to the interpolation value relative to two-dimensional array.

Figure 16 is the figure for being set for explanation for the pixel array to the boundary based on rear side.

Figure 17 is the figure for being set for explanation of the pixel array for the boundary to boundary and rear side based on front side.

Figure 18 is the second exemplary figure for indicating bone density measurement device.

Figure 19 is the figure for being illustrated to prescan (pre-scan).

Figure 20 is the figure for indicating the first setting example of the two-dimensional array based on prescan result.

Figure 21 is the figure for indicating the second setting example of the two-dimensional array based on prescan result.

Figure 22 is the figure for indicating the third setting example of the two-dimensional array based on prescan result.

Figure 23 is the figure for indicating the 4th setting example of the two-dimensional array based on prescan result.

Figure 24 is the figure for indicating the specific example of optical filter.

Figure 25 is the figure for being illustrated to main scanning.

Figure 26 is an exemplary figure for indicating the illumination sequence of variable period type.

Figure 27 is the exemplary figure of third for indicating bone density measurement device.

Figure 28 is the figure for indicating the structural example of pre-treatment portion.

Figure 29 is the figure for being illustrated to Pretreatment.

Figure 30 is the figure for indicating the two-dimensional array as comparative example.

Figure 31 is the figure for indicating to be carried out the two-dimensional array of replacement Treatment.

Figure 32 is the first exemplary figure for indicating replacement Treatment.

Figure 33 is the second exemplary figure for indicating replacement Treatment.

Figure 34 is the exemplary figure of third for indicating replacement Treatment.

Figure 35 is the figure for indicating the bone density image of the resolution ratio with twice.

Specific embodiment

Hereinafter, the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(1) the first example of bone density measurement device is (about setting for apparatus structure, boundary judgement and pixel array afterwards Fixed explanation)

In Fig. 1, the first example of bone density measurement device is illustrated by concept map.Bone density measurement device is doctor It treats and uses X-ray measuring instrument, and to form the device of bone density image and to measured body X-ray irradiation.Generally, bone density For the bone salts amount in per unit area.In the present embodiment, according to DEXA (dual-energy x-ray Absorptiometry: dual-energy X-ray absorption) method and bone density is measured and operation.

In Fig. 1, bone density measurement device is generally made of measuring unit 10 and Operations Analysis 12.Measurement Unit 10 is for example arranged in X-ray management region.Operations Analysis 12 is for example made of information processing unit.

Firstly, being illustrated to measuring unit 10.As shown in Figure 1, being placed with measured body on the platform 14A of camera stand 14 16.Measured body 16 has the bone 16A as measurement object.Bone 16A is, for example, lumbar vertebrae, thigh etc..Measuring unit 10 With lower part 18 and top 20.Such as lower part 18 is illustrated, in the lower section of platform 14A in a manner of being able to carry out horizontal movement It is provided with generator 24.Generator 24 has the X-ray generator tube 26 for generating X-ray.In the example depicted in fig. 1, occurring The upside of device 24 is provided with filter elements 28.Shutter cell can also be set along with filter elements 28.From high voltage 30 pairs of source (HV), 26 service voltage of X-ray generator tube.Specifically, to X-ray generator tube 26, based on control signal 31 when It carves, alternately applies low-voltage and high voltage.As a result, in X-ray generator tube 26, low-energy X-ray and height are alternately generated Energy X-ray.By the effect of collimator (not shown) and filter elements 28, and in structural example shown in Fig. 1, formed There is the fan beam 32 as two dimensional beam profile.Fan beam 32 is the beam extended upwards from below, i.e. planar (or fan-shaped) Beam.Filter elements 28 have the optical filter plate being driven in rotation, which has low-energy X-ray optical filter Component and high-energy X-rays filter part.Suitable optical filter corresponding thereto is inserted according to the type of X-ray Enter to X-ray passage path.Filter elements 28 are controlled by aftermentioned control unit 44.

Lower part 18 has sweep mechanism 22.The movement of the sweep mechanism 22 is controlled by control unit 44.In this reality It applies in mode, the lower movable body including generator 24 and the upper movable body including aftermentioned detector 34 are simultaneously In the X direction, it is mechanically scanned in the paper vertical direction i.e. in Fig. 1.The scanning of this machinery is to pass through scanning Mechanism 22 and be carried out.By being scanned fan beam 32 in the X direction, to form pyramidal 3-dimensional irradiation area Domain.That is, Y-direction is the diverging direction of fan beam, Z-direction is the direction of illumination of X-ray, is more specifically in fan beam The direction of heart line institute direction.It can also be in the following way, that is, implement X-ray generation by top, and implemented by lower part X-ray detection.

Such as top 20 is illustrated, top 20 has detector 34.Detector 34 has the hair along fan beam 32 The multiple detecting elements (multiple sensors) for dissipating direction, i.e. Y-direction and being set.Each detecting element is individually to implement X-ray Detection component.Such as about 500 detecting elements are arranged in one-dimensional mode.Therefore, it by these detecting elements, obtains It obtains and is arranged by the detected value that the multiple detected values arranged on the diverging direction for being in the Y direction fan beam are constituted.By in X-direction Successively implement the irradiation of X-ray at each position, to obtain the detected value column at each position of X-direction.But due to such as It is described above alternately to irradiate low-energy X-ray and high-energy X-rays, therefore alternately obtain low-energy X-ray detected value column (L detected value column) and high-energy X-rays detected value arrange (H detected value column).

With the mechanical scanning of the X-direction of fan beam 32, detector 34 is mechanically scanned in the X direction.It can replace Fan beam utilizes pencilbeam.In this case, pencilbeam is with two-dimentional zigzag (in a zig-zag manner) Mode is scanned.In addition it is also possible to be scanned the fan beam of narrower width in such a way that two dimension is zigzag.In addition, Also conical beam (con-beam) can be utilized.

In addition, camera stand 14 is constituted with lower part 18 in mutual seperated mode in structural example shown in Fig. 1.But Camera stand 14 and lower part 18 can also be configured in a manner of integrated.

Next, being illustrated to Operations Analysis 12.As described above, Operations Analysis 12 is by information processing apparatus It sets, such as personal computer is constituted.Operations Analysis 12 is to implement the control of measuring unit 10 and to passing through measuring unit 10 and the component that is handled of data that obtains.Each processing structural example shown in Fig. 1 performed by Operations Analysis 12 The middle function as software and be implemented.In Fig. 1, each processing is expressed as block diagram.

Multiple detected value column are stored in data storage 36.It is arranged by these detected values and constitutes two-dimensional detection value battle array Column.Two-dimensional detection value array is made of the multiple L detected values column and multiple H detected values column being arranged along the X direction and alternately. The transformation that view is such as carried out to 90 degree, then obtain following idea, that is, in two-dimensional detection value array, be arranged with along the Y direction more A detected value column.Each detected value in this case is arranged to be made of the multiple detected values arranged in the X direction, specifically, It is made of the multiple L detected values and multiple H detected values being alternately configured in the X direction.Depending on this detected value column The multiple pixels of justice.About detected value column and pixel is listed below is described in detail.

Boundary judging part 38 is the module judged based on two-dimensional detection value array boundary.Pixel array configuration part 42 be following module, that is, the judging result based on boundary judging part 38 is examined that is, based on the boundary being judged out for two dimension Measured value array and define or set two-dimensional array.About acting on for boundary judging part 38 and pixel array configuration part 42 Hereinafter it is described in detail.

Bone density operational part 40 is following module, that is, is set for composition by pixel array configuration part 42 Each of each pixel of two-dimensional array is specifically directed to and belongs in each valid pixel in bony areas Each, and operation is carried out to bone density.In this case, referring to a pair of of detected value (L detected value and the H for constituting each pixel Detected value).In the present embodiment, operation is carried out to bone density according to DEXA method as described above.In order to realize which, In bone density operation, using in the state of being not inserted into measured body on X-ray course of the beam by other means and measure Measurement result.That is, before the measurement relative to measured body, in the state of not by weakening as caused by measured body, meter Measure X-ray intensity.The X-ray intensity that this is measured is considered as incident X-rays intensity in the state of inserting measured body.

In structural example shown in Fig. 1, boundary judges that mode as described above is based on two-dimensional detection value array and is held Row.In this case, each detected value is the output valve of each detecting element.But boundary judgement can also be based on attenuation (pad value) and be performed, and can be performed based on the other data for being equivalent to the attenuation.

Bone density as with R_L-α·R_HProportional value and calculated.Herein, R_L=ln (I_OL/I_L), R_H=ln (I_OH/ I_H), α=R_L/R_H.But each value is as follows.α be measured in soft tissue area (other than bony areas) be Number.

I_OL: the incident intensity of low-energy X-ray

I_OH: the incident intensity of high-energy X-rays

I_L: the injection intensity (detected value in region existing for Bone and soft tissue) of low-energy X-ray

I_H: the injection intensity (detected value in region existing for Bone and soft tissue) of high-energy X-rays

Above-mentioned L detected value and H detected value is for example respectively I_LAnd I_H.But it is also possible to using with its comparable value, example Such as R_LAnd R_H。

In Fig. 1, control unit 44 is the module for executing the control of bone density measurement.In addition, control unit 44 has in operation Implement the function etc. of the operation of mean bone density in range (Region Of Interest).Also, operating range passes through bone density operational part 40 Or control unit 44 and be set.Input unit 46 is the component as operated by tester.Display unit 48 be to bone density image etc. into The display of row display.

In Fig. 2, diagram has the two-dimensional array 62 being set relative to two-dimensional detection value array 50.First to two Dimension detection value array 50 is illustrated.Two-dimensional detection value array 50 is by the multiple detected value column 52,54 structures that arrange in the X direction At.Each detected value column 52 are made of the multiple L detected values 56 arranged in the Y direction.Each detected value column 54 are by the Y direction Multiple H detected values 58 of arrangement are constituted.That is, passing through the irradiation in the irradiation and high-energy X-rays for implementing low-energy X-ray repeatedly While, it is scanned fan beam in the X direction, so that L detected value column 52 and H detected value column 54 are alternately obtained, It as a result is to constitute two-dimensional detection value array 50.

Such as using other views, then two-dimensional detection value array is and multiple detected value column 60 arranged in the Y direction It constitutes.In this case, each detected value column 60 are by the multiple L detected values and multiple H detected values that are alternately arranged in the X direction It constitutes.It can be directed to relative to this two-dimensional detection value array 50 if bone density measurement device according to figure 1 Each detected value column 60 suitably set pixel column 64 according to the position for being contained in boundary therein.That is, institute as follows It states, from the first pixel column mode and the second pixel column mode, can be selected suitable for each of each detection column 60 Pixel column mode in the position on boundary.

Each pixel column 64 is made of the multiple pixels 63 arranged in the X direction.Each pixel 63 is examined by L detected value and H Measured value is constituted.That is, by detected value to constituting.But as pairs of type tool there are two types of.That is, by first in the positive direction of X-direction Existing L detected value and " LH to " that is present in that its next H detected value constitutes and by equally first depositing forward in X-direction H detected value and " HL to " that is present in that its next L detected value constitutes.First pixel column mode is more by tight union A LH pairs and constitute.Multiple HL pairs of compositions that second pixel column mode passes through tight union.Structural example according to figure 1, The first pixel column mode or the second pixel column can be selected according to the position on boundary for each of each detection column 60 Mode.If for each pixel column 60 and be appropriately selected out pixel column mode, can according to the form of object bone and Optimal two-dimensional detection value array 50 is constituted, its specific content is hereinafter described in detail.

By the way, when carrying out boundary judgement, although the output valve of detecting element is utilized in the present embodiment, But the judgement on boundary can also be implemented based on attenuation etc. as described above.Although in the illustrated example shown in fig. 2, for list Each only pixel column 60 and selected pixel column mode, but pixel column can also be selected as unit of multiple pixel columns Mode.Which kind of mode no matter is used, this method can be selected by application pixel column mode, thus and the prior art Compared to the valid pixel number being capable of increasing as the object of bone density operation, alternatively, can be improved measurement compared with prior art Precision and reproducibility.

In Fig. 3, the mechanical scanning of fan beam is conceptually illustrated.Symbol 34 indicates detector, by the Y direction Multiple detecting element 34a of upper arrangement are constituted.When this detector 34 is mechanical in the X direction in a manner of transversal object bone 66 When ground is scanned, the scanning area 65 of rectangle is constituted.

In Fig. 4, the mechanical scanning of pencilbeam is illustrated.Illustrate pencilbeam to 68 medelling of symbol.This pen Shape beam 68 is scanned in a two-dimensional manner for object bone 70.Symbol 72 indicates saw-tooth sweep road in this case Diameter.Saw-tooth sweep path 72 includes the path sections 72-1 for the scanning for being equivalent to X-direction forward direction, is equivalent to Y-direction forward direction The path sections 72-2 of scanning, be equivalent to X-direction negative sense scanning path sections 72-3 and be equivalent to sweeping for Y-direction negative sense The path sections 72-4 retouched.Naturally, in the structure of Fig. 4, for example, X-direction corresponds to main scanning direction, Y-direction is corresponding In sub-scanning direction.Naturally, saw-tooth sweep path 72 can also be made to be rotated by 90 °.

Next, being illustrated using Fig. 5 to Fig. 8 to boundary judgment method.

In Fig. 5, the first example of boundary judgement is illustrated.In Fig. 5, direction from left to right corresponds to X-direction It is positive.(A) the first pixel column mode that candidate is selected as one is indicated, (B) indicates the second of alternatively candidate Pixel column mode.(C) indicate by along the X direction and the detected value that constitutes of multiple detected values that arranges arranges, specifically, by alternately The multiple L detected values 56 and multiple H detected values 58 of ground arrangement are constituted.(D) boundary as unit of adjacent detected value pair is indicated Judgement.As shown in (D), is arranged relative to detected value, be set with multiple detections multiplely so that the relationship of half to be mutually repeated respectively Value pair.Fig. 6 is used below about boundary Rule of judgment to be illustrated.

In the example depicted in fig. 5, the judging result of the tissue class based on L detected value 56 and based on H detected value 58 The judging result of tissue class is mutually compared, and is judged under their unanimous circumstances " non-boundary ", and they not " having boundary " is judged under unanimous circumstances.

Specifically, it is judged as non-boundary in decision block shown in symbol 74, and with decision block shown in symbol 76 In, it has been judged as boundary 78.It is shown in Fig. 5 although having judged boundary as unit of pixel in the prior art In method, boundary can be judged as unit of detected value as a result.That is, compared with prior art can by two times point Resolution and the presence or absence of boundary is judged.It can also be in the case where being judged as has boundary (symbol 78), after omitting it Determining program.It is of course also possible to the determining program after executing it, to judge next boundary.

In the case where being judged as boundary (symbol 78), various processing can be realized based on the judgement.Example It such as, can also be on the basis of having assert bony areas based on the boundary being judged out (symbol 80), relative to being identified Bony areas and execute image procossing or measurement (symbol 82).Alternatively, can also implement to be used for based on the boundary being judged out The setting (symbol 84) of the pixel column of bone density operation.It can also be close for the equal operation bone of each pixel according to this pixel column Degree, and it is based on the operation result, it constitutes bone density image (symbol 86).As described above, if structure according to figure 5 Example, can select optimal pixel column mode based on the position on the boundary being judged out in two pixel column modes.Two pictures Plain column mode has the relationship for the half-pixel amount that has mutually been staggered in the X direction.By the selection of pixel column mode, to realize Belong to the increase of the valid pixel number in bony areas.

In Fig. 6, the Rule of judgment in boundary judgment method shown in fig. 5 is illustrated.Symbol 88 indicates to be based on L detected value Judging result, symbol 90 indicate the judging result based on H detected value.Symbol 92 indicates comprehensive judging result.Such as symbol 94 and symbol 96 shown in, in the case where two independent judgment results are consistent with each other, two independent judgment knots in comprehensive descision Fruit is directly used.On the other hand, in the case where two independent judgment results are inconsistent, as shown in symbol 98, judge side Boundary.It is judged out boundary.

The second example that boundary judges is illustrated using Fig. 7 and Fig. 8.In Fig. 7, (A) is illustrated to be selected as one The first pixel column mode of candidate is selected, (B) illustrates the second pixel column mode of alternatively candidate.(C) it illustrates Detected value column.(D) boundary judgment method is illustrated to medelling.

Before the judgement of boundary, bone density (symbol 88) is calculated to 56,58 based on adjacent detected value.In the situation Under, the value as bone density is then calculated about soft tissue.In with frame shown in symbol 90, based on the adjacent detected value of composition Pair each detected value 56,58 and judge tissue class.In addition, being based on bone density and judging tissue class.Also, pass through Compare three individual judging results mutually, to finally judge tissue class.Hereinafter about Rule of judgment It is illustrated using Fig. 8.In the example depicted in fig. 7, judged based on three independent judging results soft tissue, bone with And boundary which of classification.In the case where judging boundary, based on judging the position on the boundary, and bone is assert Bone region (symbol 98), and image procossing etc. (symbol 100) is executed relative to bony areas.

In fig. 8, the Rule of judgment in boundary judgment method shown in Fig. 7 is illustrated.Symbol 102 indicates to detect based on L The judging result of value, symbol 104 indicate the judging result based on H detected value, and symbol 106 indicates the judgement knot based on bone density Fruit.In addition, symbol 108 indicates comprehensive judging result.As with shown in symbol 110, three individual judging results 102, 104,106 be bone in the case where, in comprehensive judgement shown in symbol 108, be judged as bone.Another party Face, other than this situation, the case where being judged as other than bone i.e. soft tissue (reference marks 112).Naturally, In the case where three independent judging results indicate soft tissue, comprehensive descision goes out soft tissue, and except this situation In view of to the unknown various variations judge etc. of the true and false.Preferably, according to the purpose of bone density operation or required Precision etc. determines Rule of judgment.

As described above, boundary is judged and based on multiple detected values pair by multiple settings, thus and base Judgement in the boundary for the multiple pixels being set with non-duplicate relationship is compared, and can be realized twice of resolution ratio.

(2) explanation of the setting example of pixel array

Next, being illustrated using Fig. 9 to Figure 17 to the setting method of two-dimensional array.In Fig. 9 into Figure 12, Illustrate the setting example of the pixel column of the position according to boundary.Firstly, being illustrated using Fig. 9 to the first example.

In Fig. 9, (A) indicates wayside signaling.In Fig. 9, laterally correspond to X-direction.In wayside signaling, symbol " L " During indicating low-energy X-ray irradiation, during symbol " H " indicates high-energy X-rays irradiation.(B) it indicates tissue class, that is, indicates The content of existing tissue in X direction.Here, there are actual boundaries 110 between soft tissue and bone.The actual boundary 110 is consistent at the place (drop point) changed from the section H to the section L.

In (C), the arrangement of L detected value is illustrated.These L detected values and the threshold value for being used to distinguish soft tissue and bone 112 are compared.It is judged as soft tissue if L detected value is greater than threshold value 112, is judged as bone if if it is less than threshold value 112. (D) arrangement of H detected value is indicated.These H detected values are compared with threshold value 114.About the H detected value for being greater than threshold value 114 It is judged out soft tissue, is judged out bone about the H detected value for being less than threshold value 114.

In X direction and defining has multiple detected values to using as evaluation object.When being conceived to detected value therein to 116 When, it is judged out soft tissue about the H detected value 118 existing for X-direction forward first (at upstream side), on the other hand, is closed Bone is judged out in the L detected value 120 for being present in its next (at downstream side).As a result, two independent judging results It is inconsistent, to judge that there are boundaries between two detected values.It (E) is to illustrate above situation.That is, here, illustrating each From judging result, initially on the basis of having judged soft tissue 122, as from the soft tissue 122 to 124 turns of bone The place of change, and judge boundary (boundary between section) 126.Moreover, as shown in (F), according to the position on boundary 126, And which pixel column mode is selected, to be set to it.

Specifically, among the first pixel column mode and the second pixel column mode, so as to belong to having in bony areas The mode that effect pixel increases as far as possible selects specific pixel column mode.In the example depicted in fig. 9, as shown in (F), selection By multiple LH to the first pixel column mode constituted.In the example depicted in fig. 9, it is assumed that when having selected by multiple HL to constituting When the second pixel column mode, it will the case where as at the position for the middle for making actual boundary 110 be present in specific pixel.Phase For this, in the example depicted in fig. 9, due to setting the first pixel column mould using the position of actual boundary 110 as benchmark Formula, therefore it is capable of increasing valid pixel number.

When the first pixel column mode is set, such as shown in (G), the operation bone for each pixel for constituting the pixel column Density.Although finding out the operation values for being equivalent to bone density value in soft tissue, it is in operation of mean bone density etc. by nothing Depending on.In addition, symbol 128 indicates the threshold value that is distinguished tissue class, and about the value for being only more than the threshold value and by Judge bone.Naturally, due in the example depicted in fig. 9, implementing comprehensive descision based on each detected value, Therefore it may not implement the judgement of the tissue class based on bone density.By the way, the row of L detected value shown in being waited in Fig. 9 The example for being arranged as explanation of column and H detected value.

In Figure 10, the second example is illustrated.In addition, will be marked to structure identical with structure shown in Fig. 9 identical Symbol, and the description thereof will be omitted.In the example depicted in fig. 10, such as the practical side as shown in (B), between soft tissue and bone Boundary 130 is compared with above-mentioned drop point slightly into during L.In this case, when being conceived to shown in (C) and (D) Detected value column when, especially when being conceived to detected value to 132, judge soft tissue about H detected value 134, about L examine Measured value 136 and judge bone.As a result, judged boundary (section at the position for being equivalent to drop point as shown in (E) Between boundary) 142.That is, place judges soft tissue 138 on the upstream side compared with the boundary 142, compared with the boundary 142 Bone 140 is judged at downstream.As a result, as shown in (F), it is identical as the first example shown in Fig. 9, it selects First pixel column mode simultaneously sets it.Naturally, in (G) in the column of bone density by shown in, when being conceived to pixel n When, bone density slightly declines compared with the bone density of pixel n shown in Fig. 9.The size that can also be declined according to it, Lai Yingyong The processing of exception.

In Figure 11, third example is illustrated.In Figure 11, phase will be marked to structure identical with structure shown in Fig. 9 Same symbol, and the description thereof will be omitted.In the third example, as shown in (B), after actual boundary 132 is present in the section L Half part (for from the separate place of drop point and close to the place of next rising point).It is examined shown in (C) and (D) In measured value column, especially when being conceived to detected value to 134, about the L detected value as shown in symbol 136, to judge soft group It knits, about the H detected value as shown in symbol 138, to judge bone.That is, two independent judging results are mutually internally inconsistent, by This, as comprehensive descision result and judge boundary.In this case, as shown in (E), with wayside signaling (reference Figure 11 (A)) in the consistent place of rising point at, judge boundary 144.Part before the boundary 144 is judged as soft Tissue 140, the part after the boundary 144 is judged as bone 142.With Fig. 9 and the first example shown in Fig. 10 and In comparison between two examples, the position of actual boundary 132 is further finally to be judged to the result that the forward direction of X-direction is staggered It is disconnected go out the position on boundary 144 be only staggered and the corresponding amount of 1 detected value amount i.e. corresponding with half-pixel.

In Figure 12, the 4th example is illustrated.In Figure 12, structure identical with structure shown in Fig. 9 grade will be marked Identical symbol, and the description thereof will be omitted.In the 4th example, such as shown in (B), there are boundaries at the position of rising point 146.The detected value shown in (C) and (D) column in, especially when being conceived to detected value to 148, about L detected value 150 by Judge soft tissue, is judged out bone about H detected value 152.That is, here, two independent judging results generate it is inconsistent, As a result, judging boundary 160.The boundary 160 being judged out is consistent with the rising point in (A).

As described above, according to the above method, boundary can be detected as unit of half-pixel, and can be fitted based on this Locality setting voxel model.For example, can be in the particular anatomy as concern tissue, set more measurements (has with pixel Imitate pixel).Especially in the lesser situation of measurement object, measurement precision can be improved.

In Figure 13, the two-dimensional array 164 as comparative example is illustrated.The two-dimensional array 164 be relative to Two-dimensional detection value array 50 and be set.As described above, two-dimensional detection value array 50 is by multiple inspections for arranging in the X direction Measured value is arranged and is constituted.The multiple detected value is arranged to be made of multiple L detected value column 52 and multiple H detected value column 54.Such as it is directed to two For dimension detection value array 50 using other views, two-dimensional detection value array 50 is the multiple detected value column 60 arranged in the Y direction Aggregate, each detected value column 60 in this case are examined by the multiple L detected values being alternately arranged in the X direction and multiple H Measured value is constituted.In addition, symbol 34 indicates detector.

Relative to two-dimensional detection value array 50 described above, it is uniformly set with two-dimensional array in the prior art 164.When position and shape regardless of boundary 162 set each pixel without exception, the number of valid pixel 168 can not be increased. By the way, symbol 166 indicates that inactive pixels are not identified as the pixel of the pixel in bony areas.

In situation described above, by the suitable back-and-forth method of the above-mentioned voxel model of application, and can be to Figure 14 Shown in two-dimensional array 166 set.In addition, will be marked in Figure 14 to structure identical with structure shown in Figure 13 Remember identical symbol.Two-dimensional array 166 is made of the multiple detected value column 170,172 arranged in the Y direction.Wherein, as Plain column 170 are the pixel column with the first pixel column mode, and 172 be the pixel column with the second voxel model.First pixel mould The aggregate that formula is multiple LH pairs, the aggregate that the second voxel model is multiple HL pairs.The pixel of each position in the Y direction It arranges the position all in accordance with the boundary 162 in X-direction and selects suitable pixel column mode among two pixel column modes.By This, is capable of increasing the number of the valid pixel 168 in bony areas.And thus improve the precision of measurement.

In Figure 15, illustrates interpolation value processing and sample processing again.(A) two-dimensional pixel after mode setting is illustrated Array 166.In the case where the direct measurement or direct image procossing more difficulty based on this, preferably, relative to two It ties up pixel array 166 and the interpolation value as shown in symbol 174 is applied to handle and sample again processing.This processing result is (B) institute The two-dimensional array 176 shown.It is the array for possessing standard in two directions.

In Figure 16, the setting of the two-dimensional array 180 on the boundary 178 based on rear side is illustrated.As shown in symbol 182 , each frame with hatching illustrate the valid pixel for belonging to bony areas.At each position in the Y direction, according to the side X Suitable pixel column mode is selected in the position on upward, rear side boundary 178.That is, so as to belonging to effective in bony areas Pixel becomes more modes and selects voxel model.In addition, as shown in figure 17, can also with so that former and later two boundaries 182, Valid pixel becomes more modes to determine two-dimensional array 186 in 184.

(3) the second example of bone density measurement device is (about prescan, boundary judgement, the setting appropriate of illumination sequence And the explanation of pixel array being previously set)

In Figure 18, the second example of bone density measurement device is illustrated.In addition, to in the first example shown in FIG. 1 The identical structure of illustrated structure will mark identical symbol, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the second example shown in Figure 18, bone density measurement device is substantially by measuring means 188 and Operations Analysis 190 are constituted.Measuring means 188 has lower part 192 and top 194.Lower part 192 has generator 196.Generator 196 is penetrated with X Line generator tube 198.In addition, being provided with filter elements 200 in the upside of generator 196.Preferably, with filter elements 200 It is set along shutter cell.Generating in second example has pencilbeam 203.Pencilbeam 203 is in x-direction and y-direction On be mechanically scanned.Mechanism for the scanning is sweep mechanism 22.

Top 194 has by the detector 202 of two-dimensional scanning.It is the component for receiving pencilbeam 203.Sweep mechanism 22 Mechanical scanning is carried out together to lower movable body and the upper movable body for having detector 202.

The hereinafter illustrated two dimension obtained by the execution of main scanning is stored in two-dimensional data memory 36 Detect value array.In second example, prescan is first carried out before main scanning.Prescanned data as its scanning result It is sent to boundary judging part 204.The prescanned data also constitutes two-dimensional detection value array.Boundary judging part 204 is based on sweeping in advance It retouches data and the boundary between soft tissue and bone is judged.Its judging result is output to control unit 206.

Control unit 206 is with the function of being controlled prescan and the function of being controlled main scanning, in Figure 18 In, these functions are illustrated as prescan control unit 208 and main scanning control unit 210.

It is right by pencilbeam using low-energy X-ray when executing prescan in the structural example shown in Figure 18 Object integrally carries out two-dimensional scanning.Two-dimensional detection value array is obtained as prescanned data as a result,.By pre- being swept to this It retouches data to be analyzed, to judge the profile i.e. boundary of bone in advance, the position being judged based on it determines that master sweeps The execution condition retouched.That is, determining main-scan condition in the mode that belongs to valid pixel more in bony areas as far as possible. This is described in detail below.

When according to the determined main-scan condition of above mode to execute main scanning, in two-dimensional data memory 36 It is stored with the two-dimensional detection value array being made of multiple L detected values and multiple H detected values.Therefore, 40 needle of bone density operational part To each pixel for the two-dimensional array that composition has been set, each pixel being specifically directed in bony areas, according to It constitutes the detected value pair of the pixel and operation is carried out to bone density.

In the second example shown in Figure 18, it is different from the first example, boundary is judged by prescan, and base Suitably main-scan condition, that is, illumination sequence or two-dimensional array are set in this.This is hereinafter carried out specifically It is bright.

In Figure 19, an example of prescan is illustrated.Symbol 212 indicates scanning area, which is pencilbeam It is able to carry out the maximum region of scanning.During the pre-scan, the shape for the profile 214A being had according to object bone 214 and fit Locality determines scan path 216.It is such as specifically described, initially, as shown in symbol 216-1, pencilbeam is to X-direction positive side It is scanned, in the scanning process, using edge detection method come the position of specific border (profile) 214A.Detecting side In the case where boundary 214A, as shown in symbol 216-2, pencilbeam is moved to the negative side of X-direction.In this case, it only moves The dynamic distance being preset.Later, as shown in symbol 216-3, pencilbeam only moves preset distance to Y-direction positive side.From The ground is lighted as shown in symbol 216-4, and pencilbeam is moved to X-direction positive side again.In the scanning process, edge inspection Survey is performed in a juxtaposed fashion, so that the position of the boundary 214A of object bone 214 is specific.As described above, when repeatedly When carrying out the scanning of a series of part, as a result, constituting scan path 216 shown in Figure 19.

As shown in figure 4, when the entirety throughout scanning area sets saw-tooth sweep path without exception, although carrying out side Boundary 214A it is specific when need the long period, but as the method according to shown in Figure 19, and can be according to the position of boundary 214A It reduces scanning range, therefore obtains the advantages of capable of making prescan time shortening.Naturally, to object bone 214 In the profiles of two sides carry out in specific situation or specific situation carried out to the profile for the bone for possessing complicated shape Under, it can also be carried out by boundary of the saw-tooth sweep shown in Fig. 4 to object bone entirety specific.

When carrying out specific border in the manner, at each position in the Y direction, according to the side in X-direction The position on boundary determines pixel column.In this case, by bony areas pixel column be optimized in a manner of it is whole to pixel column Body is adjusted.About the setting method of pixel column, it is illustrated following with specific example.

The first setting example is illustrated in Figure 20.Symbol 218 indicates that soft tissue, symbol 220 indicate bone.At described soft group Knit between bone that there are boundaries 222.Symbol 228 indicates above-mentioned two-dimensional detection value array, and symbol 230 indicates two-dimensional pixel Array.

As shown in figure 20, at each position in the Y direction, with when pixel column in X direction is defined, on boundary The mode of more valid pixel is set in 222 inside, that is, bony areas, as far as possible to set pixel column.Symbol 224 indicates The scanning to X-direction positive side in main scanning, symbol 226 indicate the scanning to X-direction negative side in main scanning.At any one In the case where, pixel column is defined using boundary 222 as standard.In Figure 20, four pixel columns on the upside of paper pass through First pixel column mode and constitute, three on the downside of paper pixel column is made up of the second pixel column mode.In Figure 20 institute In the first example shown, between multiple pixel columns for arranging in the Y direction, the arrangement in the section L and the section H is consistent.According to this One setting example, the advantages of illumination sequence that can simplify well at each position of Y-direction in this scanning can be obtained.

In Figure 21, the second setting example is illustrated.In addition, will be marked to structure identical with structure shown in Figure 20 identical Symbol, and the description thereof will be omitted.The situation is also identical in the Figure 22 and Figure 23 being illustrated later.

In Figure 21, two-dimensional array 234 is set with relative to two-dimensional detection value array 232.Two-dimensional array 234 are made of the multiple pixel columns arranged in the Y direction.In the second setting example, four pixel columns of upside pass through the One pixel column mode and constitute, three pixel columns of downside are also made up of the first pixel column mode.That is, in the Y direction At each position, when being based on boundary 222, and being set in bony areas to the arrangement in the section L and the section H, on boundary 222 right side (X-direction positive side) sets the mode in the section L at first to determine illumination sequence.But each position in the Y direction Place, at least makes interzone spacing consistent in bony areas.Using this second setting example, pixel column is not necessarily required The selection method of mode.Irradiation control can be simplified in this regard.

Third setting example is illustrated in Figure 22.Two-dimensional array is set with relative to two-dimensional detection value array 236 238.In third setting example, at each position in the Y direction, irradiation is meticulously had adjusted according to the position on boundary 222 Sequence (Irradiation sequence), i.e., when being observed along the Y direction, multiple pixel columns are not right in the X direction Together.In other words, at each position in the Y direction in such a way that the pixel foremost for arranging valid pixel is close to boundary 222 And the i.e. each pixel column of each illumination sequence is previously set.Detect boundary in advance and the implementing result based on prescan 222, so as to realize this careful control.

In Figure 23, the 4th setting example is illustrated.Two-dimensional pixel column are set with relative to two-dimensional detection value array 242 244.In the 4th setting example, two-dimensional array 244 is set with based on two boundaries 222,240.Specifically, about The scanning of X-direction positive side shown in 224, set pixel column using boundary 222 as standard, about opposite to that side to X The scanning 226 of direction negative side, is set with pixel column using boundary 240 as standard.

In above setting example, especially in the setting example shown in Figure 22 and Figure 23, it is scanned in the X direction When, dynamic variable setting is carried out to illumination sequence according to the position on boundary.In particular according to needs, to scanning speed and photograph (siding-to-siding block length) carries out variable setting during penetrating.It hereinafter 6 is illustrated according to fig. 2 about this.

In Figure 24, the optical filter plate 246 being arranged in filter elements is illustrated.In order to adjust photograph according to boundary Sequence is penetrated, rotates optical filter plate with low speed.In the example shown in Figure 24, optical filter plate 246 is low by nine Energy X-ray filter part 248 and nine high-energy X-rays filter parts 250 and constitute.These two kinds optical filters Component 248,250 circumferentially and is alternately configured.If multiple optical filter plates are arranged by this method, may be decreased The revolving speed of optical filter plate becomes easy the adjusting of revolving speed.It, can also although illustrating circular optical filter plate in Figure 24 The optical filter plate of drum type is arranged.

In Figure 25, an example of the scan path in main scanning is illustrated.There are objects in scanning area 254 Bone 255.Can also the two sides of object bone 255 profile by prescan by specific situation, it is right based on this The path of main scanning is set.One of example is indicated by symbol 258.Symbol 256 indicates pencilbeam.

Scan path 258 has the path sections 258-1 for being equivalent to the scanning to X-direction positive side.Path sections 258-1 To be set as starting point to the position that X-direction negative side has retreated preset distance from the boundary of X-direction negative side, and with from X-direction positive side Boundary rise and to X-direction positive side be set as terminal far from the position of preset distance.Pencilbeam is with from the terminal of path sections 258-1 It rises scanned throughout the mode of preset distance to Y-direction positive side.It is expressed by path sections 258-2.Later, pencilbeam to X-direction negative side is moved.Even if in this case, being swept according to the boundary of the two sides of the X-direction on object bone 255 to determine The beginning and end retouched.Symbol 258-4 indicates then path sections 258-3, path portion into the scanning of Y-direction positive side Point.As above a series of program is repeatedly executed at predetermined intervals in a manner of the entirety for covering object bone 255.According to this master The setting of scan path can shorten the main scanning time.Naturally, in order in object bone suitably to pixel column carry out Setting, and in the case where need during fixed run-up in the nearly body side of object bone, if in order to during this run-up and The two sides of object bone set blank.

In Figure 26, the illumination sequence in main scanning is illustrated.Its side X that specific location in the Y direction is performed It is fixed to professional etiquette is scanned into.The section of the expression object bone of symbol 260.Its width is indicated by W1.W2 indicates master in the X direction Scanning range.Range W2 can be different at each position in the Y direction.By the way, W3 indicates scanning area Maximum width.

(A) movement of shutter cell is indicated.Shutter cell is the unit being set according to needs.At photochopper In the case where closed state, X-ray is blocked in the nearly body side of measured body, to reduce the exposure of measured body.In photochopper In the case where in the open state, X-ray transparent measured body.(B) scanning 262 to X-direction positive side is indicated.In this case Illumination sequence is indicated by symbol 264.(C) scanning 272 to X-direction negative side is indicated.Illumination sequence in this case is by according with Numbers 274 indicate.

As shown in (B), in this example, the boundary 282 of the side (being left side in figure) in object bone 260 becomes mark Standard, the side being set appropriately with section foremost, that is, standard section R1 relative to the boundary 282 and in valid pixel column Formula, i.e. standard section R1 are set in bony areas and close to the modes at the position on boundary 282, it is determined that illumination sequence 264.Specifically, illumination sequence is constituted by run-up part 266, actual effect part 268 and beyond part 270.Run-up part phase When the run-up section of the side Yu Jinshen, actual effect part 268 is equivalent to surveying range, is equivalent to exceeding for depth side beyond part 270 Section.In run-up component 266, by controlling sweep mechanism or filter elements etc., specifically, by implementing to make The control of umber of pulse for the stepper motor of driving source etc., so as to realize the irradiation sequence stablized and be suitble in bony areas Column.

Even if in scanning 272 shown in (C) round about, to form stable irradiation in actual effect part 278 The mode of sequence is adjusted scanning speed or optical filter revolving speed etc. in run-up part 276.In this example, also in reality Effect is provided with after part 278 beyond part 280.In scanning 272, so that boundary 282 is used as standard, and suitably determine most Close to the mode of standard section (final section) R2 on the boundary 282, it is determined that the illumination sequence in actual effect part 278. By the way, in the example shown in Figure 26, progress path is scanned between 262 and return path 272, on a timeline the area L Between it is consistent with the section H.This is corresponding with setting example shown in Figure 20.Certainly, it under situation shown in Figure 26, can also apply Illumination sequence corresponding with setting example shown in Figure 21 to Figure 23.

As described above, if the second structural example according to shown in Figure 18 to Figure 26, advantage be achieved that, that is, It, can be right in advance according to the boundary of the object bone on the basis of boundary of object bone specific by prescan Main-scan condition (i.e. bone density operation pixel column) is determined.Although only being increased for the exposure of measured body and prescan Corresponding amount can then implement the reduction of the light exposure under main scanning but as long as main scanning region can be cut down.Furthermore it is possible to It obtains on the basis of having been carried out specifically to boundary in advance, meticulously main-scan condition can be set.

(4) the third example (explanation about boundary judgement and detected value displacement) of bone density measurement device

Next, being illustrated using Figure 27 to Figure 34 to the third example of bone density measurement device.In addition, in Figure 27 Shown in structure, identical symbol will be marked to structure identical with structure shown in FIG. 1, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In Figure 27, two-dimensional detection value array is stored in data storage 36.Boundary judging part 286 is based on two dimension The module for detecting value array and the boundary of symmetrical bone being judged.Although its judgment method is substantially in Fig. 5 to Figure 12 The method being illustrated in, but the boundary judging part 286 is carried out especially for each detected value and whether there is or not boundary is contained Judgement.For example, in the situation as shown in symbol 98, (i.e. two independent judgment values are inconsistent in Rule of judgment shown in Fig. 6 Situation) under, it is judged out and contains boundary.In addition, learning multiple independent judgement structures in Rule of judgment shown in Fig. 8 In the case of, boundary can also be contained and judge.

Bone density operational part 288 is uniformly to set two-dimensional array relative to two-dimensional detection value array On the basis of, the module of operation bone density for each pixel.Naturally, before first application has before the operation of bone density Reason, the function are expressed in Figure 27 as pre-treatment portion 290.As described below, which is that will be considered as containing side The detected value on boundary is replaced into the processing of other detected values.The valid pixel in bony areas apparently may be implemented as a result, Several increases.For example, carry out about experiment toy femoral mean bone density measurement when, thigh itself compared with Small, effectively pixel number is ensured relative to this with being unable to fully the case where, is more.In this case, if in addition to fully belonging to It is also used as operand except pixel in bony areas, also by the pixel not exclusively belonged in bony areas, then can be improved The accuracy or reliability of mean bone density.Therefore, for the amendment or correction fixed for this endless both full-pixel application, and make It becomes quasi-full pixel, thereby executing aftermentioned replacement Treatment.

Hereinafter, being described in detail to pre-treatment portion.

In Figure 28, the specific structural example of pre-treatment portion 290 is illustrated.Object particular portion 296 is based on two-dimensional detection value Array 298, and corresponded to according to Rule of judgment 300 detected value for being set as displacement object carry out it is specific.Operational part 302 be based on One or more detected values that object has fixed relationship are replaced, and operation is carried out to the substitution value for replacing displacement object.But Simply detected value can also be replicated in the case where not implementing the operation of substitution value.Enforcement division 304 is replaced to execute such as Lower processing, that is, the detected value being prepared for the displacement object is made to replace displacement object.

In Figure 29, Rule of judgment is specifically instantiated.Meeting as shown in symbol 316 and 318 two conditions In the case of displacement object it is specific.Specifically, the condition as shown in symbol 316 be pay close attention at present " detected value it is internal one A detected value belongs in bony areas " this condition.The condition as shown in symbol 318 be pay close attention at present " detected value is internal Another detected value contain boundary " this condition.In the case where meeting both conditions, as shown in symbol 320, quilt It is judged as that another detected value containing boundary is displacement object, and makes corrections to another detected value.That is, relative to this Another detected value implements replacement Treatment.Alternatively, it is also possible to when judging whether to execute replacement Treatment, it is contemplated that another detection The size of value.About replacement Treatment specific example consider several methods, this is used below Figure 32 to Figure 34 into Row explanation.

Comparative example is illustrated in Figure 30.Symbol 322 indicates bony areas, and symbol 324 indicates two-dimensional detection value array.Phase Two-dimensional array 326 is similarly set in the prior art for this.In this case, the detected value pair being represented by the dotted line For valid pixel.The detected value as shown in symbol 328,330 to the detected value as shown in symbol 332,334 to being not regarded as Imitate pixel.This is because their detected value contains boundary 322.

In Figure 31, the typical example for the replacement Treatment being performed in the bone density measurement device shown in Figure 27 is illustrated. Using situation shown in Figure 30 as premise, as shown in figure 31, detected value 328,332 is judged as displacement object, and opposite In detected value 328,332, and replicate same type and closest effective detected value 338 (reference marks 340,342).That is, phase Replacement Treatment is implemented for detected value 328,332.As a result, as shown in figure 31, two valid pixels can be increased.In the example In, produce three L13.By being applicable in this processing to necessary displacement object to constitute the two-dimensional image after pre-treatment Pixel array 336.In view of being belonged in bony areas and due to displaced detected value for closest value, even if being regarded as The value for replacing object, will not generate great error.The detected value to partner with displacement object is effective detected value, thus Replacement Treatment can be known as the method applied flexibly to this effective detected value.It is effective due to being increased according to this replacement Treatment Pixel number, therefore the reliability of measurement is improved on that point.

By the way, in the example shown in Figure 31, value L11 can also be will test and be set as displacement object, and it is answered With above-mentioned replacement Treatment.In addition it is also possible to which will test value L15 is set as displacement object, and it is applied to above-mentioned replacement Treatment.Reason institute It is of course also possible to use following mode, that is, all detected values containing boundary that is judged out are not set as displacement pair As, and only in the case where detected value meets predetermined condition, implement replacement Treatment.

Next, being illustrated using concrete example of the Figure 32 to Figure 34 to replacement Treatment.

The first example is illustrated in Figure 32.(A) two-dimensional detection value array 344 is illustrated in.Symbol 350 indicates boundary. (B) specified conditions and replacement Treatment content of displacement object are illustrated in.In this example, with permutizer condition shown in Figure 29 As premise, as shown in symbol 400, in the case where the detected value containing boundary is predetermined value situation below, that is, it is being considered as bone In a possibility that in region higher situation, the detected value is judged as displacement object.Also, as shown in symbol 402, relatively In the displacement object, in bony areas and with type and closest detected value is replicated (reference marks 354).It is specific and Speech, in the case where detected value constitutes a pixel to 346,348, and in detected value 346 by the feelings specifically for displacement object Under condition, it can refer to nearest and congener valid pixel value 354 relative to the detected value 346 and it be copied to displacement pair As.

The second example is illustrated in Figure 33.Two-dimensional detection value array 344 is illustrated in (A) of Figure 33, in the two dimension There are boundaries 350 in detection value array 344.The specified conditions and replacement Treatment of displacement object are illustrated in (B) of Figure 33 Content.As shown in symbol 404, using condition shown in Figure 29 as premise, containing boundary and in predetermined value detected value 346 below It is specific as displacement object.Also, as shown in symbol 406, by bony areas, to replace object as standard and Specific proximity detection value group out, and operation is carried out to interpolation value (extrapolated value) based on the proximity detection value group, to replace Object 346 is replaced by the interpolation value.This processing is indicated by symbol 358.

Third example is illustrated in Figure 34.In (A) of Figure 34, symbol 344 indicates two-dimensional detection value array, symbol 350 indicate boundary.Symbol 346 is as displacement object and by specific detected value.That is, by 408 institute of symbol in (B) of Figure 34 Show, it is specific to go out to replace object using condition shown in Figure 29 as premise, as containing boundary and in predetermined value detection below Value.Moreover, as shown in symbol 410, it is specific in bony areas to go out to replace the proximity detection value group of object, and by based on described The weighted addition of proximity detection value group handle and to calculating substitution value.Also, displacement object is replaced by the substitution value.It is by according with Numbers 362 indicate.

As described above, by implementing replacement Treatment for specific detected value, i.e., by applying pre-treatment, so as to It is enough apparently to increase the valid pixel number being present in bony areas, as a result, obtain for example to mean bone density into When row operation, this advantage of the operational precision can be improved.

(5) there is the bone density image of twice of resolution ratio

In Figure 35, the generation method of the bone density image of the resolution ratio with twice is illustrated.Relative to two-dimensional detection Value array 366 and be set with two-dimensional pixel value array 364.Two-dimensional pixel value array 364 is by the X direction with half-pixel amount The multiple pixels being set for unit are constituted.For example, the case where being conceived to nth pixel 368 and (n+1)th pixel 370 Under, half-pixel amount is repeated between them, as a result, pixel density doubles in the X direction.

Although instantiating bone density measurement device in above-mentioned each structural example, will can also be illustrated above Principle be applied in fats measurement etc..As measured body it is considered that animal other than human body and human body.Especially since The case where valid pixel can not be increased in the measurement of toy, is more, it is therefore preferable that for using the above method.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of medical X-ray measuring device characterized by comprising

Acquisition unit is scanned the X-ray beam through measured body while by converting to X-ray energy, It is penetrated to obtain by the multiple low-energy X-ray detected values being alternately arranged on beam scanning direction and multiple high-energy X The detected value column that line detected value is constituted；

Setup unit is arranged relative to the detected value, and is existed to from including the first pixel column mode and the second pixel column mode The pixel column mode being selected in interior pixel column modal sets is set；

Arithmetic element should based on constituting for each pixel in the pixel column for applying the specific pixel column mode The detected value pair of pixel and to operation values carry out operation,

The detected value pair for constituting each pixel in the first pixel column mode, by being pre-existed on the beam scanning direction Low energy detection values and be present in its next high energy detection values and constitute,

The detected value pair for constituting each pixel in the second pixel column mode, by being pre-existed on the beam scanning direction High energy detection values and be present in its next low energy detection values and constitute.

2. medical X-ray measuring device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that

The first pixel column mode and the second pixel column mode are in be staggered half on the beam scanning direction The relationship of amount of pixels.

3. medical X-ray measuring device as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that

The setup unit selects the pixel column mode for being applied to detected value column based on the profile for paying close attention to tissue.

4. medical X-ray measuring device as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that

Including judging unit, the judging unit arranges relative to the detected value and sets multiple adjacent detected values pair, and is directed to Each adjacent detected value pair and the concern tissue is judged whether there is or not profile,

The judging unit includes:

First judging unit, the low-energy X-ray detected value based on the adjacent detected value centering and to tissue class carry out Judgement；

Second judgment unit, the high-energy X-rays detected value based on the adjacent detected value centering and to tissue class carry out Judgement；

Comprehensive descision unit, first judging unit of judging result and institute based on to(for) the adjacent detected value pair The judging result of second judgment unit is stated, and whether there is or not profiles to judge to the concern tissue.

5. medical X-ray measuring device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that

The acquisition unit includes:

X-ray generating unit is arranged on the side of the measured body, and occurs to be scanned in the X direction and in the side Y The X-ray fan beam extended up；

X-ray detection unit is arranged on the other side of the measured body, and fans to the X-ray for having penetrated the measured body Shape beam is detected,

It is made up of the scanning of the X-ray fan beam to be arranged by the multiple detected values arranged in the Y-direction and be formed Two-dimensional detection value array,

The setup unit is for each detected value column and independently to the pixel column for being applied to each detected value column Mode is selected.

6. medical X-ray measuring device as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that

The concern tissue is bone, and the operation values are bone density.

7. a kind of detected value column processing method makes the X through measured body while for by converting to X-ray energy The detected value that ray beam is scanned and is obtained arranges the method handled,

The detected value column processing method is characterized in that,

The detected value arranges multiple low-energy X-ray detected values by being alternately arranged on beam scanning direction and multiple high Energy X-ray detected value is constituted,

This method comprises:

Process is set, is arranged relative to the detected value, and to from including the first pixel column mode and the second pixel column mode Pixel column modal sets in the pixel column mode that is selected set；

Operational process, for each pixel in the pixel column for applying the specific pixel column mode, based on the composition picture Element detected value pair and to operation values carry out operation,

The detected value pair for constituting each pixel in the first pixel column mode, by being pre-existed on the beam scanning direction Low energy detection values and be present in its next high energy detection values and constitute,

The detected value pair for constituting each pixel in the second pixel column mode, by being pre-existed on the beam scanning direction High energy detection values and be present in its next low energy detection values and constitute.