CN104618946A - LTE (Long Term Evolution) heterogeneous network interference coordination method based on three-dimensional (3D) beam model of active antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an LTE (Long Term Evolution) heterogeneous network interference coordination method based on a three-dimensional (3D) beam model of an active antenna; in the LTE heterogeneous network covered with the 3D beam of the active antenna, a macrocell is covered with the 3D antenna having internal and external beams; a femtocell covers hotspots by using a traditional omni-directional antenna; a cell is divided into three zones from inside to outside; macro users in the innermost zone are covered with the internal beam, the outermost zone is covered with the external beam and the middle ring-like zone combines the two beams to provide services, so that the interferences can be avoided; with respect to the femtocell in the area, the clustering and multiplexing are performed, so that the total handling capacity of the femtocell users is improved; with respect to users in the microcell, a beam optimization algorithm is provided to adjust the lower inclination angle for the internal and external beams in the cell and distribute the resources; therefore, the handling capacity of the marginal macro users and the total handling capacity of the middle macro users in the cell are improved and the handling capacity of the marginal users is improved.

Description

Based on the LTE heterogeneous network disturbance coordination method of the three-dimensional beam model of active antenna

Technical field

The invention belongs to wireless communication technology field, particularly relate to a kind of LTE heterogeneous network disturbance coordination method based on the three-dimensional beam model of active antenna.

Background technology

In cellular networks, the speech business of 2/3 is estimated at and the data service of more than 90% occurs in indoor.Therefore, for mobile operator, become more and more important for speech, video and high-speed data service provide good in-door covering to become.Just in this case, industry proposes femtocell technology, also referred to as household base station technology.Femtocell need not be connected to cellular core network, have the advantages that to install simple, self-configuring liberalization, plug and play, and existing macro base station adopts identical networking mode.

In macrocellular network, introduce femtocell technology, a lot of advantage can be brought, but also can bring many technological challenges to macrocellular network.Wherein, the problem of most critical is the interference management problem of femtocell and macrocellular network, directly has influence on the performance of femtocell network.The frequency range used due to femtocell is identical with the mandate frequency range that existing macrocellular network uses, co-channel interference between femtocell and macrocell directly will affect the performance of two networks, simultaneously, the randomness that femtocell disposes and extensive property, make the co-channel interference between femtocell also become particularly serious.

In the follow-up evolution of LTE-A technology, active antenna beamforming technique proposes in the 3 gpp standards, can improve the capacity of system.Active antenna system not only has the bay of horizontal direction, and also have the bay of vertical direction, each bay has an independently radio frequency unit, can control the horizontal and vertical direction of wave beam neatly simultaneously.

After macro base station adopts active antenna technology (AAS) to be configured, namely LTE three-dimensional (3D) vertical sector model is adopted, inside and outside 2 wave beams center of housing estate and fringe region are adopted to cover respectively respectively, the angle of declination of wave beam inside and outside effective adjustment, can improve the capacity of system.But, in LTE heterogeneous network, introduce AAS 3D beam model, the interference between macro base station and femtocell will become more complicated, not only will consider the co-channel interference of inside and outside wave beam, also needs the cross-layer interference considering macrocell and Microcell.Therefore, for the LTE heterogeneous network of AAS 3D beam model, need to adopt a kind of effective interference coordination strategy to carry out interference and control.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of LTE heterogeneous network disturbance coordination method based on the three-dimensional beam model of active antenna, adopt AAS 3D wave beam to carry out MPS process, be intended to solve based on the cross-layer interference problem between the macro base station in the LTE heterogeneous network of AAS 3D wave cover and femtocell and the problem of co-channel interference between inside and outside wave beam.By optimizing the power of grand user in community and the angle of declination of the 3D wave beam of the inside and outside community of adjustment, reduce the problem of co-channel interference between inside and outside wave beam, the performance of grand user in lifting community; Meanwhile, effectively control the interference between macrocell and femtocell community and to carry out sub-clustering to femtocell multiplexing, improve the total throughout of femtocell user.Adopt the present invention, the total throughout of community and the throughput of the grand user of cell edge can be promoted, and ensure the fairness of the grand user of cell edge.

The present invention realizes like this, a kind of LTE heterogeneous network disturbance coordination method based on the three-dimensional beam model of active antenna, should adopt in the LTE heterogeneous network of AAS 3D wave cover based on the LTE heterogeneous network disturbance coordination method of the three-dimensional beam model of active antenna, macro base station adopts the 3D antenna of inside and outside 2 wave beams to cover, and femtocell still adopts omnidirectional antenna to carry out focus covering; Community is divided into from inside to outside 3 regions, grand user in innermost region adopts interior wave beam to cover, outmost region adopts outer wave beam to cover, more intermediate annular region adopts 2 wave beam Combined Treatment to provide service, and it is multiplexing to carry out sub-clustering for the femtocell in region, carry out angle of declination adjustment and the Resourse Distribute of inside and outside wave beam in community;

Specifically comprise the following steps:

Step one, is divided into 3 regions from the inside to surface successively by community, and region, the inside adopts wave beam completely to cover, and the annular region at center adopts the joint transmission of inside and outside 2 wave beams to carry out transmission data, and the outer wave beam of outermost area employing covers; Region, the inside is first area, and the annular region at center is second area, and outermost area is the 3rd region;

Step 2, based on threshold distance, calculates the interference indicator function of each femtocell in the associating region in first area and the 3rd region and the degree of disturbance of femtocell;

Step 3, carries out sub-clustering to each femtocell in the associating region in first area and the 3rd region;

Step 4, sets up the channel model of femtocell to user, and builds the channel gain model of macro base station to user based on 3D antenna model;

Step 5, sets up signal to noise ratio and the throughput model of grand user and femtocell user in 3 regions;

Step 6, by maximizing the total throughout of grand user in community, carries out 3D beam optimization.

Further, should comprise based on the step of the LTE heterogeneous network disturbance coordination method of the three-dimensional beam model of active antenna:

Step one, is divided into 3 regions from the inside to surface successively by community, and first area adopts wave beam completely to cover, and second area adopts the joint transmission of inside and outside 2 wave beams to carry out transmission data, and the 3rd region adopts outer wave beam to cover;

Step 2, based on threshold distance R _th, calculate the interference indicator function e (ν of each femtocell in the associating region in first area and the 3rd region _i, ν _j), j ∈ S _fwith the degree of disturbance d of femtocell _g(ν _i);

Step 3, carries out sub-clustering by the femtocell in the associating region in first area and the 3rd region;

Step 4, sets up the channel model of femtocell to user, and builds the channel gain model of macro base station to user based on 3D antenna model;

Step 5, sets up signal to noise ratio and the throughput model of grand user and femtocell user in 3 regions;

Step 6, is optimized for carrying out the grand user throughput in community, proposes 3D beam optimization algorithm.

Further, step one specifically comprises:

The first step, divide central area and fringe region, centered by first area region, and central area scope is 0 ~ r rice, and fringe region scope is r ~ R rice, and the fringe region in the present invention comprises second area and the 3rd region;

Second step, first area is θ by angle of declination completely ₁3D antenna in wave beam cover, the 3rd region is θ by angle of declination completely ₂the outer wave beam of 3D antenna cover, in second area, user is combined by inside and outside 2 wave beams and carries out transmission data.

Further, step 2 specifically comprises:

The first step, with the interference indicator function e (ν between femtocell _i, ν _j), j ∈ S _frepresent the disturbed condition between femtocell:

$e(v_i,v_j)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}1& R(i,j)<R_{\mathrm{th}}\\ 0& R(i,j)\&GreaterEqual;R_{\mathrm{th}}\end{array}\right.;$

Wherein, R _threpresent threshold distance, R (i, j) represents the distance between i-th femtocell and a jth femtocell, S _frepresent the femtocell set participating in sub-clustering, | S _f| represent S set _fthe number of middle femtocell, and specify e (ν _i, ν _i)=0, namely between femtocell self number do not exist collision interference;

Second step, calculates the degree of disturbance of each femtocell, uses d _g(ν _i) represent:

$d_G\left(v_i\right)=\underset{j=1,j\&NotEqual;i}{\overset{\left|S_F\right|}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}e(v_i,v_j);$

D _g(ν _i)=0, then ν _ibe an isolated point, i.e. 0 degree of node, means that this femtocell and remaining femtocell does not all exist with frequently colliding interference.

Further, step 3 specifically comprises:

The first step, initialization sub-clustering number l=1, according to the e (ν of each femtocell _i, ν _j), by femtocell in first area and the 3rd region, and represent the femtocell set participating in sub-clustering with V, S represents all and does not have noisy node (0 degree of node) to gather;

Second step, builds the interference matrix A (G) of femtocell, and calculates the degree of disturbance d of each femtocell according to the femtocell element in set V _g(ν _i);

3rd step, now has interference element in interference matrix A (G), order namely the femtocell number returning maximum interference is i, with seasonal d _g(ν _i)=0, the element arranged by the i-th row i-th in A (G) matrix is all set to 0, and by node ν _ibe recorded to and be initially in the set B of empty set, continuous like this maximum interference element is recorded in set B, and by this element place row and column zero setting in interference matrix, until noiseless element in A (G), obtain a component bunch result R' only having residue node to form like this _l, l=l+1;

4th step, can not meet matrix A (G) for full 0 matrix and B is empty set, then order set V is set B, is empty set with seasonal B, and returns second step and rebuild new interference matrix A (G), obtains new sub-clustering result R' _l; If meet matrix A (G) for full 0 matrix and B is empty set, now gathering V is not empty set, then V interior joint has one group of one's own;

5th step, is assigned to the S set set of initial 0 degree of node in that group bunch comprising femtocell minimum number, and terminates femtocell cluster algorithm.

Further, step 4 specifically comprises:

The first step, macro base station adopts 3D wave beam to carry out MPS process, and its horizontal radiation model and vertical radiation model can be expressed as follows:

Wherein, A _e,H(φ) and A _e,V(θ) antenna gain of horizontal direction and vertical direction is represented respectively, represent the horizontal angle of user, represent horizontal half-power beam width (HPBW); A _mto gain before and after representing, θ represents the vertical elevation of user, θ _etiltrepresent the angle of declination of antenna; θ _3dBrepresent vertical half-power beam width, SLA _vrepresent sidelobe level restriction;

Therefore, macro base station is expressed as follows to the 3D antenna gain of user:

Wherein, G _{e, Max}represent the maximum directive gain (dB) of this simple oscialltor radiation element;

Second step, macro base station adopts 3D antenna model, and such macro base station and femtocell are expressed as to the channel gain of user:

Wherein, α _{u, n, M}for macro base station is to the frequency selectivity Rayleigh fading of user u on the n-th subcarrier, for macro base station is to the 3D antenna power gain of user u, S _u,Mfor logarithm shadow fading, L _u,Mthen for macro base station is to the path loss of user;

3rd step, femtocell adopts traditional antenna, and such femtocell is expressed as to the gain of user:

G _k,n,f＝(α _k,n,f) ²A _fS _k,f/L _k,f；

Wherein, α _{k, n, f}for femtocell base station is to the frequency selectivity Rayleigh fading of user k on the n-th subcarrier, A _ffor the gain of femtocell antenna, S _k,ffor logarithm shadow fading, L _k,fthen for femtocell is to the path loss of user k.

Further, step 5 specifically comprises:

The first step, the grand user in the first area, region of interior wave cover and the signal to noise ratio of femtocell user are expressed as:

${\mathrm{SINR}}_{u_1,n,M}^I=\frac{p_1{G}_{u_1,n,M}^I\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1\right)}{\underset{f\&Element;A_n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}{p}_f{G}_{u_1,n,f}^I+{\mathrm{\&sigma;}}^2};$

${\mathrm{SINR}}_{k_1,n,f}^I=\frac{p_f{G}_{k_1,n,f}^I}{\underset{f^{\&prime;}\&Element;A_n,f^{\&prime;}\&NotEqual;f}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}{p}_f{G}_{u_1,n,f^{\&prime;}}^I+p_1{G}_{k_1,n,M}^I\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1\right)+{\mathrm{\&sigma;}}^2};$

In above formula, p ₁represent the transmitting power of macro base station in interior wave beam, grand user u in wave beam to first area in expression macro base station ₁channel gain, p _ffor the transmitting power of femtocell, represent the FUE user k that femtocell serves to it ₁channel gain, A _nrepresent the set of the femtocell using subcarrier n, σ ²for white Gaussian noise;

Second step, in the second area between inside and outside wave beam, owing to adopting JP mode to carry out transfer of data, for the grand user in second area, these 2 wave beams all transmit useful signal; For the femtocell user in second area, these 2 beam signals of macro base station are all interference signals; The signal to noise ratio of MUE and FUE is as follows so in the second area:

${\mathrm{SINR}}_{u_2,n,M}^C=\frac{p_1{G}_{u_2,n,M}^C\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1\right)+(P-p_1)G_{u_2,n,M}^C\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2\right)}{\underset{f\&Element;A_n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}{p}_f{G}_{u_2,n,f}^C+{\mathrm{\&sigma;}}^2}$

${\mathrm{SINR}}_{k_2,n,f}^C=\frac{p_f{G}_{k_2,n,f}^C}{\underset{f^{\&prime;}\&Element;A_n,f^{\&prime;}\&NotEqual;f}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}{p}_f{G}_{k_2,n,f^{\&prime;}}^C+p_1{G}_{u_2,n,M}^C\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1\right)+(P-p_1)G_{u_2,n,M}^C\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2\right)+{\mathrm{\&sigma;}}^2};$

In formula, grand user u in wave beam to second area in expression macro base station ₂channel gain, represent that the outer wave beam of macro base station is to user u ₂channel gain, represent Femtocell to FUE user k ₂channel gain, P represents that macro base station distributes the maximum power of a Resource Block;

3rd step, the outside region of wave cover, the signal to noise ratio of MUE and FUE in the 3rd region, and in first area, signal to noise ratio is similar, is expressed as follows:

${\mathrm{SINR}}_{u_3,n,M}^E=\frac{(P-p_1)G_{u_3,n,M}^E\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2\right)}{\underset{f\&Element;A_n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}{p}_f{G}_{u_3,n,f}^E+{\mathrm{\&sigma;}}^2}$

${\mathrm{SINR}}_{k_3,n,f}^E=\frac{p_f{G}_{k_3,n,f}^E}{\underset{f^{\&prime;}\&Element;A_n,f^{\&prime;}\&NotEqual;f}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}{p}_f{G}_{k_3,n,f^{\&prime;}}^E+\left({P-p}_1\right)G_{k_3,n,M}^E\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2\right)+{\mathrm{\&sigma;}}^2};$

In formula, represent grand user u in the outer wave beam to the 3rd region of macro base station ₃channel gain, represent that femtocell is to grand user u ₃channel gain, represent femtocell to FUE user k ₃channel gain, represent that the outer wave beam of macro base station is to FUE user k ₃channel gain;

4th step, the speed calculating all users obtains the throughput R that in system, grand user is total ^mthe throughput total with femtocell and R ^f, be expressed as follows:

$\begin{array}{c}{R}^M=B(\underset{u_1=1}{\overset{U_1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\underset{n=1}{\overset{N_m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_{u_1,n}{\log }_2(1+{\mathrm{SINR}}_{u_1,n,M}^I)+\underset{u_2=1}{\overset{U_2}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\underset{n=1}{\overset{N-N_m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{\&beta;}}_{u_2,n}{\log }_2(1+{\mathrm{SINR}}_{u_2,n,M}^C)\\ +\underset{u_3=1}{\overset{U_3}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\underset{n=1}{\overset{N_m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{\&gamma;}}_{u_3,n}{\log }_2(1+{\mathrm{SINR}}_{u_3,n,M}^E))\end{array}$

$\begin{array}{c}{R}^F=B(\underset{k_1=1}{\overset{K_1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\underset{n=1}{\overset{N_m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{\&gamma;}}_{k_1,n}{\log }_2(1+{\mathrm{SINR}}_{k_1,n,f}^I)+\underset{k_2=1}{\overset{K_2}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\underset{n=1}{\overset{N-N_m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{\&nu;}}_{k_2,n}{\log }_2(1+{\mathrm{SINR}}_{k_2,n,f}^C)\\ +\underset{k_3=1}{\overset{K_3}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\underset{n=1}{\overset{N_m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_{k_3,n}{\log }_2(1+{\mathrm{SINR}}_{k_3,n,f}^E))\end{array}$

Wherein, the resource bandwidth that B uses for each user, N _mfor the operable total number subcarriers of user in first area, U ₁, U ₂, U ₃the total number of grand user in 3 regions respectively, K ₁, K ₂, K ₃be the femtocell total number of users in 3 regions, represent carrier wave indicator function, each user is assigned at most a Resource Block, gets 1 expression and represents and be assigned to carrier resource; Otherwise, represent and be not assigned to carrier resource.

Further, step 6 specifically comprises:

The first step, initialization power p ₁with inside and outside downwards bevel beam angle θ ₁, θ ₂, according to the femtocell dividing good bunch, and determine femtocell to the interference of grand user and calculate iterations n=0 time the total throughout of macro base station $R_0^M;$

Second step, calculates macro base station to the interference of femtocell, and according to signal to noise ratio order from high to low, carries out the distribution of the carrier resource of femtocell user and Hong user successively:

$\begin{array}{c}{n}_f^{*}=\arg \underset{n}{\max }{\mathrm{SINR}}_{k,n,f}\\ n_M^{*}=\arg \underset{n}{\max }{\mathrm{SINR}}_{u,n,M}(\max \left({\mathrm{SINR}}_{u,n,M}\right)\&GreaterEqual;{\mathrm{\&gamma;}}_M)\end{array};$

Wherein, γ _mfor the lowest signal-to-noise demand of grand user, can calculate according to minimum speed limit demand;

3rd step, by power p ₁with angle of declination θ ₁, θ ₂iteration is carried out respectively according to formula below:

$\begin{array}{c}{p}_1^{(k+1)}={[p_1^{\left(k\right)}+p_{\mathrm{step}}\&CenterDot;\frac{{\&PartialD;R}^M}{{\&PartialD;p}_1}]}_0^P\\ {\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1^{(k+1)}={[{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1^{\left(k\right)}+{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{\mathrm{step}}\&CenterDot;\frac{{\&PartialD;R}^M}{{\&PartialD;\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1}]}_{{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2}^{\mathrm{\&pi;}/2}\\ {\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2^{(k+1)}={[{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2^{\left(k\right)}+{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{\mathrm{step}}\&CenterDot;\frac{{\&PartialD;R}^M}{{\&PartialD;\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2}]}_0^{\mathrm{\&pi;}/2}\end{array};$

Wherein, p _stepand θ _steprepresent the iteration step length of power and angle of declination respectively, represent the throughput R that grand user is total ^mto power p ₁local derviation, with represent the throughput R that grand user is total ^mrespectively to angle of declination θ ₁, θ ₂partial derivative;

4th step, calculates the throughput that the grand user of (n+1)th iteration is total the throughput of (n+1)th iteration turn the 5th step; Otherwise, return second step and proceed algorithm;

5th step, obtain optimum calculate the total throughput of the total throughput of the user of femtocell now and community.

LTE heterogeneous network disturbance coordination method based on the three-dimensional beam model of active antenna provided by the invention, adopt in the LTE heterogeneous network of AAS 3D wave cover, macro base station adopts the 3D antenna of inside and outside 2 wave beams to cover, femtocell still adopts traditional omnidirectional antenna to carry out focus covering, community is divided into from inside to outside 3 regions, grand user in innermost region adopts interior wave beam to cover, outmost region adopts outer wave beam to cover, more intermediate annular region adopts 2 wave beam Combined Treatment to provide service, avoid interference like this, and it is multiplexing to carry out sub-clustering for the femtocell in region, thus improve the total throughout of femtocell user, for the user in macrocell, a kind of beam optimization algorithm is proposed, carry out angle of declination adjustment and the Resourse Distribute of inside and outside wave beam in community, improve the total throughout of grand user in the throughput of the grand user of cell edge and community.

The present invention has the following advantages:

1. active antenna 3D beam model is applied in LTE heterogeneous network scene by the present invention, and wherein macro base station have employed 2 wave beams inside and outside 3D and transmits, and the present invention is a kind of based on the disturbance coordination method in the LTE heterogeneous network of AAS.

2. Zhong Jiang community of the present invention is divided into 3 regions from inside to outside and carries out interference and avoid, in first area, grand user is served by interior wave beam completely, in 3rd region, grand user is served by outer wave beam completely, territory, intermediate second zone is combined by two wave beams provides service, avoid the interference problem between wave beam like this, effectively carry out the channeling of grand user in inside and outside wave beam.

3. propose a kind of femtocell clustering algorithm in the present invention, effectively carry out the multiplexing of the frequency spectrum resource between femtocell, greatly can improve the total throughout of femtocell user.

4. propose 3D beam optimization algorithm in the present invention, effectively carried out the Resourse Distribute of grand user in community and the optimization at inside and outside downwards bevel beam angle, the throughput performance of edge customer can be improved, improve the throughput of Cell Edge User and the total throughput of system.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the LTE heterogeneous network disturbance coordination method flow chart based on the three-dimensional beam model of active antenna that the embodiment of the present invention provides;

Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the femtocell cluster algorithm that the embodiment of the present invention provides;

Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the powerbeam optimized algorithm that the embodiment of the present invention provides;

Fig. 4 is the system model figure that the embodiment of the present invention provides;

Fig. 5 be the grand user throughput in community that obtains of the femtocell algorithm that provides of the embodiment of the present invention and AAS 3D wave beam algorithm and femtocell throughput with the simulation comparison figure of the throughput of existing scheme;

Fig. 6 is the simulation comparison figure of the grand user throughput of cell edge of the mechanism that provides of the embodiment of the present invention and traditional 2D antenna and inside and outside noisy 3D wave beam.

Embodiment

In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.

Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, application principle of the present invention is further described.

As shown in Figure 1, the LTE heterogeneous network disturbance coordination method based on the three-dimensional beam model of active antenna of the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

S101: community is divided into 3 regions from the inside to surface successively, region, the inside (first area) adopts wave beam completely to cover, the annular region (second area) at center adopts the joint transmission of inside and outside 2 wave beams to carry out transmission data, and outermost area (the 3rd region) adopts outer wave beam to cover;

S102: based on threshold distance, calculates the interference indicator function of each femtocell in first area and the 3rd region and the degree of disturbance of femtocell;

S103: sub-clustering is carried out to each femtocell in the associating region in first area and the 3rd region;

S104: set up the channel model of femtocell to user, and build the channel gain model of macro base station to user based on 3D antenna model;

S105: signal to noise ratio and the throughput model of setting up grand user and femtocell user in 3 regions;

S106: by maximizing the total throughout of grand user in community, carry out 3D beam optimization.

Operation principle of the present invention:

The present invention is in the LTE heterogeneous network adopting AAS 3D wave cover, and macro base station adopts the 3D antenna of inside and outside 2 wave beams to cover, and femtocell still adopts traditional omnidirectional antenna to carry out focus covering; Community is divided into from inside to outside 3 regions, the grand user in innermost region adopts interior wave beam to cover, and outmost region adopts outer wave beam to cover, and more intermediate annular region adopts 2 wave beam Combined Treatment to provide service, avoids interference like this; And it is multiplexing to carry out sub-clustering for the femtocell in region, thus improve the total throughout of femtocell user; For the user in macrocell, propose a kind of beam optimization algorithm, to carry out in community angle of declination adjustment and the Resourse Distribute of inside and outside wave beam, improve the total throughout of grand user in the throughput of the grand user of cell edge and community.

Concrete steps of the present invention comprise:

Step one, community is divided into 3 regions from the inside to surface successively, region, the inside (first area) adopts wave beam completely to cover, the annular region (second area) at center adopts the joint transmission of inside and outside 2 wave beams to carry out transmission data, and outermost area (the 3rd region) adopts outer wave beam to cover;

Step 2, based on threshold distance R _th, calculate the interference indicator function e (ν of each femtocell in the associating region in first area and the 3rd region _i, ν _j), j ∈ S _fwith the degree of disturbance d of femtocell _g(ν _i):

With the interference indicator function e (ν between femtocell _i, ν _j), j ∈ S _frepresent the disturbed condition between femtocell:

$e(v_i,v_j)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}1& R(i,j)<R_{\mathrm{th}}\\ 0& R(i,j)\&GreaterEqual;R_{\mathrm{th}}\end{array}\right.;$

Wherein, R _threpresent the threshold value of the distance disturbed between femtocell, R (i, j) represents the distance between i-th femtocell and a jth femtocell, S _frepresent the femtocell set participating in sub-clustering, | S _f| represent S set _fthe number of middle femtocell, and specify e (ν _i, ν _i)=0, does not namely exist between femtocell individuality and self with frequently colliding interference;

Calculate the degree of disturbance of each femtocell, use d _g(ν _i) represent:

$d_G\left(v_i\right)=\underset{j=1,j\&NotEqual;i}{\overset{\left|S_F\right|}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}e(v_i,v_j);$

If d _g(ν _i)=0, then ν _ibe an isolated point, i.e. 0 degree of node, means that this femtocell and remaining femtocell does not all exist with frequently colliding interference;

Step 3, the femtocell in the region in first area and the 3rd region is carried out sub-clustering:

Initialization sub-clustering number l=1, according to the e (ν of each femtocell _i, ν _j), by femtocell in first area and the 3rd region, and represent the femtocell set participating in sub-clustering with V, S represents all and does not have noisy node (0 degree of node) to gather;

Build the interference matrix A (G) of femtocell according to the femtocell element in set V, and calculate the degree of disturbance d of each femtocell _g(ν _i);

If now have interference element in interference matrix A (G), order namely the femtocell number returning maximum interference is i, with seasonal d _g(ν _i)=0, the element arranged by the i-th row i-th in A (G) matrix is all set to 0, and by node ν _ibe recorded to and be initially in the set B of empty set, continuous like this maximum interference element is recorded in set B, and by this element place row and column zero setting in interference matrix, until noiseless element in A (G), obtain a component bunch result R' only having residue node to form like this _l, l=l+1;

If can not meet matrix A (G) for full 0 matrix and B is empty set, then order set V is set B, is empty set with seasonal B, and returns second step and rebuild new interference matrix A (G), obtains new sub-clustering result R' _l; If meet matrix A (G) for full 0 matrix and B is empty set, now gathering V is not empty set, then V interior joint has one group of one's own;

The S set set of initial 0 degree of node is assigned in that group bunch comprising femtocell minimum number, and terminates femtocell cluster algorithm;

Step 4, sets up the channel model of femtocell to user, and builds the channel gain model of macro base station to user based on 3D antenna model;

Step 5, sets up signal to noise ratio and the throughput model of grand user and femtocell user in 3 regions;

Step 6, by maximizing grand user's total throughout in community, carry out 3D beam optimization:

The transmitting power p of beam coverage user in initialization ₁with angle of declination θ ₁, θ ₂, according to the femtocell dividing good bunch, and determine femtocell to the interference of grand user and calculate iterations n=0 time the total throughout of macro base station

Calculate macro base station to the interference of femtocell, and according to femtocell user and Hong user's signal to noise ratio order from high to low, carry out the distribution of the carrier resource of femtocell user and Hong user successively:

$\begin{array}{c}{n}_f^{*}=\arg \underset{n}{\max }{\mathrm{SINR}}_{k,n,f}\\ n_M^{*}=\arg \underset{n}{\max }{\mathrm{SINR}}_{u,n,M}(\max \left({\mathrm{SINR}}_{u,n,M}\right)\&GreaterEqual;{\mathrm{\&gamma;}}_M)\end{array}$ (formula one);

Wherein, γ _mfor the lowest signal-to-noise demand of grand user, can calculate according to minimum speed limit demand;

By power p ₁with angle of declination θ ₁, θ ₂iteration is carried out respectively according to formula below:

$\begin{array}{c}{p}_1^{(k+1)}={[p_1^{\left(k\right)}+p_{\mathrm{step}}\&CenterDot;\frac{{\&PartialD;R}^M}{{\&PartialD;p}_1}]}_0^P\\ {\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1^{(k+1)}={[{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1^{\left(k\right)}+{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{\mathrm{step}}\&CenterDot;\frac{{\&PartialD;R}^M}{{\&PartialD;\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1}]}_{{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2}^{\mathrm{\&pi;}/2}\\ {\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2^{(k+1)}={[{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2^{\left(k\right)}+{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{\mathrm{step}}\&CenterDot;\frac{{\&PartialD;R}^M}{{\&PartialD;\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2}]}_0^{\mathrm{\&pi;}/2}\end{array}$ (formula two);

Wherein, p _stepand θ _steprepresent the iteration step length of power and angle of declination respectively, represent the throughput R that grand user is total ^mto p ₁local derviation, with represent the throughput R that grand user is total ^mrespectively to angle of declination θ ₁, θ ₂partial derivative;

Calculate the throughput that the grand user of (n+1)th iteration is total if the throughput of (n+1)th iteration turn next step; Otherwise, return second step and proceed algorithm;

Obtain optimum calculate the total throughput of the total throughput of the user of femtocell now and community.

Specific embodiments of the invention:

See Fig. 2, concrete steps of the present invention are as follows:

Step one, community is divided into 3 regions from the inside to surface successively, region, the inside (first area) adopts wave beam completely to cover, the annular region (second area) at center adopts the joint transmission of inside and outside 2 wave beams to carry out transmission data, outermost area (the 3rd region) adopts outer wave beam to cover, and specifically comprises:

The first step, divide central area and fringe region, centered by first area region, and central area scope is 0 ~ r rice, and fringe region scope is r ~ R rice, and the fringe region in the present invention comprises second area and the 3rd region;

Second step, first area is θ by angle of declination completely ₁3D antenna in wave beam cover, the 3rd region is θ by angle of declination completely ₂3D antenna in wave beam cover, user is combined by inside and outside 2 wave beams and carries out transmission data in annular section (second area);

Step 2, based on threshold distance R _th, calculate the interference indicator function e (ν of each femtocell in the associating region in first area and the 3rd region _i, ν _j), j ∈ S _fwith the degree of disturbance d of femtocell _g(ν _i), specifically comprise:

The first step, with the interference indicator function e (ν between femtocell _i, ν _j), j ∈ S _frepresent the disturbed condition between femtocell:

$e(v_i,v_j)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}1& R(i,j)<R_{\mathrm{th}}\\ 0& R(i,j)\&GreaterEqual;R_{\mathrm{th}}\end{array}\right.;$

Wherein, R _threpresent threshold distance, R (i, j) represents the distance between i-th femtocell and a jth femtocell, S _frepresent the femtocell set participating in sub-clustering, | S _f| represent S set _fthe number of middle femtocell, and specify e (ν _i, ν _i)=0, namely between femtocell self number do not exist collision interference;

Second step, calculates the degree of disturbance of each femtocell, uses d _g(ν _i) represent:

$d_G\left(v_i\right)=\underset{j=1,j\&NotEqual;i}{\overset{\left|S_F\right|}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}e(v_i,v_j);$

If d _g(ν _i)=0, then ν _ibe an isolated point, i.e. 0 degree of node, means that this femtocell and remaining femtocell does not all exist to collide and disturbs;

Step 3, the femtocell in the associating region in first area and the 3rd region is carried out sub-clustering, specifically comprises:

The first step, initialization sub-clustering number l=1, according to the e (ν of each femtocell _i, ν _j), by femtocell in first area and the 3rd region, and represent the femtocell set participating in sub-clustering with V, S represents all and does not have noisy node (0 degree of node) to gather;

Second step, builds the interference matrix A (G) of femtocell, and calculates the degree of disturbance d of each femtocell according to the femtocell element in set V _g(ν _i);

3rd step, if now have interference element in interference matrix A (G), order namely the femtocell number returning maximum interference is i, with seasonal d _g(ν _i)=0, the element arranged by the i-th row i-th in A (G) matrix is all set to 0, and by node ν _ibe recorded to and be initially in the set B of empty set, continuous like this maximum interference element is recorded in set B, and by this element place row and column zero setting in interference matrix, until noiseless element in A (G), obtain a component bunch result R' only having residue node to form like this _l, l=l+1;

4th step, if can not meet matrix A (G) for full 0 matrix and B is empty set, then order set V is set B, is empty set with seasonal B, and returns second step and rebuild new interference matrix A (G), obtains new sub-clustering result R' _l; If meet matrix A (G) for full 0 matrix and B is empty set, now gathering V is not empty set, then V interior joint has one group of one's own;

5th step, is assigned to the S set set of initial 0 degree of node in that group bunch comprising femtocell minimum number, and terminates femtocell cluster algorithm;

Step 4, sets up the channel model of femtocell to user, and builds macro base station to the channel gain model of user based on 3D antenna model, specifically comprises:

The first step, macro base station adopts 3D wave beam to carry out MPS process, and its horizontal radiation model and vertical radiation model can be expressed as follows:

Wherein, A _e,H(φ) and A _e,V(θ) antenna gain of horizontal direction and vertical direction is represented respectively, represent the horizontal angle of user, represent horizontal half-power beam width (HPBW); A _mto gain before and after representing, θ represents the vertical elevation of user, θ _etiltrepresent the angle of declination of antenna; θ _3dBrepresent vertical half-power beam width, SLA _vrepresent sidelobe level restriction;

Therefore, macro base station is expressed as follows to the 3D antenna gain of user:

Wherein, G _{e, Max}represent the maximum directive gain (dB) of this simple oscialltor radiation element;

Second step, macro base station adopts 3D antenna model, and such macro base station and femtocell are expressed as to the channel gain of user:

Wherein, α _{u, n, M}for macro base station is to the frequency selectivity Rayleigh fading of user u on the n-th subcarrier, for macro base station is to the 3D antenna power gain of user u, S _u,Mfor logarithm shadow fading, L _u,Mthen for macro base station is to the path loss of user;

3rd step, femtocell adopts traditional antenna, and such femtocell is expressed as to the gain of user:

G _k,n,f＝(α _k,n,f) ²A _fS _k,f/L _k,f；

Wherein, α _{k, n, f}for femtocell base station is to the frequency selectivity Rayleigh fading of user k on the n-th subcarrier, A _ffor the gain of femtocell antenna, S _k,ffor logarithm shadow fading, L _k,fthen for femtocell is to the path loss of user k;

Step 5, set up signal to noise ratio and the throughput model of grand user and femtocell user in 3 regions:

The first step, the grand user in the region (first area) of interior wave cover and the signal to noise ratio of femtocell user can be expressed as:

${\mathrm{SINR}}_{u_1,n,M}^I=\frac{p_1{G}_{u_1,n,M}^I\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1\right)}{\underset{f\&Element;A_n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}{p}_f{G}_{u_1,n,f}^I+{\mathrm{\&sigma;}}^2};$

${\mathrm{SINR}}_{k_1,n,f}^I=\frac{p_f{G}_{k_1,n,f}^I}{\underset{f^{\&prime;}\&Element;A_n,f^{\&prime;}\&NotEqual;f}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}{p}_f{G}_{u_1,n,f^{\&prime;}}^I+p_1{G}_{k_1,n,M}^I\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1\right)+{\mathrm{\&sigma;}}^2};$

In above formula, p ₁represent the transmitting power of macro base station in interior wave beam, grand user u in wave beam to first area in expression macro base station ₁channel gain, p _ffor the transmitting power of femtocell, represent the FUE user k that femtocell serves to it ₁channel gain, A _nrepresent the set of the femtocell using subcarrier n, σ ²for white Gaussian noise;

Second step, in the second area between inside and outside wave beam, owing to adopting JP mode to carry out transfer of data, for the grand user (MUE) in second area, these 2 wave beams all transmit useful signal; For the femtocell user (FUE) in second area, these 2 beam signals of macro base station are all interference signals; The signal to noise ratio of MUE and FUE is as follows so in the second area:

${\mathrm{SINR}}_{u_2,n,M}^C=\frac{p_1{G}_{u_2,n,M}^C\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1\right)+(P-p_1)G_{u_2,n,M}^C\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2\right)}{\underset{f\&Element;A_n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}{p}_f{G}_{u_2,n,f}^C+{\mathrm{\&sigma;}}^2}$

${\mathrm{SINR}}_{k_2,n,f}^C=\frac{p_f{G}_{k_2,n,f}^C}{\underset{f^{\&prime;}\&Element;A_n,f^{\&prime;}\&NotEqual;f}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}{p}_f{G}_{k_2,n,f^{\&prime;}}^C+p_1{G}_{u_2,n,M}^C\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1\right)+(P-p_1)G_{u_2,n,M}^C\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2\right)+{\mathrm{\&sigma;}}^2};$

In formula, grand user u in wave beam to second area in expression macro base station ₂channel gain, represent that the outer wave beam of macro base station is to user u ₂channel gain, represent Femtocell to FUE user k ₂channel gain, P represents that macro base station distributes the maximum power of a Resource Block;

3rd step, the outside signal to noise ratio of middle MUE and FUE in the region (the 3rd region) of wave cover, and in first area, signal to noise ratio is similar, can be expressed as follows:

${\mathrm{SINR}}_{u_3,n,M}^E=\frac{(P-p_1)G_{u_3,n,M}^E\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2\right)}{\underset{f\&Element;A_n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}{p}_f{G}_{u_3,n,f}^E+{\mathrm{\&sigma;}}^2}$

${\mathrm{SINR}}_{k_3,n,f}^E=\frac{p_f{G}_{k_3,n,f}^E}{\underset{f^{\&prime;}\&Element;A_n,f^{\&prime;}\&NotEqual;f}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}{p}_f{G}_{k_3,n,f^{\&prime;}}^E+\left({P-p}_1\right)G_{k_3,n,M}^E\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2\right)+{\mathrm{\&sigma;}}^2};$

In formula, represent grand user u in the outer wave beam to the 3rd region of macro base station ₃channel gain, represent that femtocell is to grand user u ₃channel gain, represent femtocell to FUE user k ₃channel gain, represent that the outer wave beam of macro base station is to FUE user k ₃channel gain;

4th step, the speed calculating all users can obtain the throughput R that in system, grand user is total ^mthe throughput total with femtocell and R ^f, be expressed as follows:

$\begin{array}{c}{R}^M=B(\underset{u_1=1}{\overset{U_1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\underset{n=1}{\overset{N_m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_{u_1,n}{\log }_2(1+{\mathrm{SINR}}_{u_1,n,M}^I)+\underset{u_2=1}{\overset{U_2}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\underset{n=1}{\overset{N-N_m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{\&beta;}}_{u_2,n}{\log }_2(1+{\mathrm{SINR}}_{u_2,n,M}^C)\\ +\underset{u_3=1}{\overset{U_3}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\underset{n=1}{\overset{N_m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{\&gamma;}}_{u_3,n}{\log }_2(1+{\mathrm{SINR}}_{u_3,n,M}^E))\end{array}$

$\begin{array}{c}{R}^F=B(\underset{k_1=1}{\overset{K_1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\underset{n=1}{\overset{N_m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{\&gamma;}}_{k_1,n}{\log }_2(1+{\mathrm{SINR}}_{k_1,n,f}^I)+\underset{k_2=1}{\overset{K_2}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\underset{n=1}{\overset{N-N_m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{\&nu;}}_{k_2,n}{\log }_2(1+{\mathrm{SINR}}_{k_2,n,f}^C)\\ +\underset{k_3=1}{\overset{K_3}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\underset{n=1}{\overset{N_m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_{k_3,n}{\log }_2(1+{\mathrm{SINR}}_{k_3,n,f}^E))\end{array}$

Wherein, the resource bandwidth that B uses for each user, N _mfor the operable total number subcarriers of user in first area, U ₁, U ₂, U ₃the total number of grand user in 3 regions respectively, K ₁, K ₂, K ₃be the femtocell total number of users in 3 regions, represent carrier wave indicator function, each user is assigned at most a Resource Block, gets 1 expression and represents and be assigned to carrier resource; Otherwise, represent and be not assigned to carrier resource;

Step 6, is optimized for carrying out the grand user throughput in community, proposes 3D beam optimization algorithm, specifically comprises:

The first step, initialization power p ₁with inside and outside downwards bevel beam angle θ ₁, θ ₂, according to the femtocell dividing good bunch, and determine femtocell to the interference of grand user and calculate iterations n=0 time the total throughout of macro base station

Second step, calculates macro base station to the interference of femtocell, and according to signal to noise ratio order from high to low, carries out the distribution of the carrier resource of femtocell user and Hong user successively:

$\begin{array}{c}{n}_f^{*}=\arg \underset{n}{\max }{\mathrm{SINR}}_{k,n,f}\\ n_M^{*}=\arg \underset{n}{\max }{\mathrm{SINR}}_{u,n,M}(\max \left({\mathrm{SINR}}_{u,n,M}\right)\&GreaterEqual;{\mathrm{\&gamma;}}_M)\end{array};$

Wherein, γ _mfor the lowest signal-to-noise demand of grand user, can calculate according to minimum speed limit demand;

3rd step, by power p ₁with angle of declination θ ₁, θ ₂iteration is carried out respectively according to formula below:

$\begin{array}{c}{p}_1^{(k+1)}={[p_1^{\left(k\right)}+p_{\mathrm{step}}\&CenterDot;\frac{{\&PartialD;R}^M}{{\&PartialD;p}_1}]}_0^P\\ {\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1^{(k+1)}={[{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1^{\left(k\right)}+{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{\mathrm{step}}\&CenterDot;\frac{{\&PartialD;R}^M}{{\&PartialD;\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1}]}_{{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2}^{\mathrm{\&pi;}/2}\\ {\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2^{(k+1)}={[{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2^{\left(k\right)}+{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{\mathrm{step}}\&CenterDot;\frac{{\&PartialD;R}^M}{{\&PartialD;\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2}]}_0^{\mathrm{\&pi;}/2}\end{array};$

Wherein, p _stepand θ _steprepresent the iteration step length of power and angle of declination respectively, represent the throughput R that grand user is total ^mto p ₁local derviation, with represent the throughput R that grand user is total ^mrespectively to angle of declination θ ₁, θ ₂partial derivative;

4th step, calculates the throughput that the grand user of (n+1)th iteration is total if the throughput of (n+1)th iteration turn the 5th step; Otherwise, return second step and proceed algorithm;

5th step, obtain optimum calculate the total throughput of the total throughput of the user of femtocell now and community.

In conjunction with following emulation, effect of the present invention is described further:

1. simulated conditions:

The present invention considers it is 2 layers of cellular network of single macrocell, and emulation adopts regular hexagon Cellular Networks community, and macro base station is positioned at center of housing estate, and the radius of macrocell is the radius of 500m, femtocell community is 20m; Macro base station to user path loss based on femtocell to user path loss respectively:

BS-UE:L＝128.1+37.6log10(R(km))

；

Femto-UE:L＝38.64+20log10(R(m))+0.7R+n*WL

Wherein, WL is wall penetration loss, and n is number of times through walls; Concrete simulation parameter is shown in Table 1;

Table 1 simulation parameter sets

Parameter	Numerical value
		Macrocell radius R	500m
The grand user that center cell is total	40
		Macro base station gross power	46dBm
Femtocell power	20dBm
		Femtocell covering radius	20m
Femtocell sub-clustering interference distance value	300m
		Macrocell center (interior wave beam is independent) covering radius	0.6*R
The Combined Treatment annular section width of inside and outside wave beam	35m
		RB number	20
RB bandwidth	90kHz
		Femtocell number	30
Each femtocell covers lower number of users	1
		Macro base station height	35m
Femtocell height	5m
		UE height	1.5m
BSTX antenna maximum gain	8dBi

UERX antenna gain	0dB
		HorizontalHPBW	φ 3dB＝65 °
VerticalHPBW	θ 3dB＝65 °
		Thermal noise power spectrum density	-174dBm/Hz
Channel fading model	Rayleigh
		Grand user's minimum-rate demand	100kb/s
BSTX antenna maximum gain	8dBi

2. emulate content and result

Under LTE heterogeneous network scene, system integration project is carried out to the LTE heterogeneous network interference coordination schemes based on the three-dimensional beam model of active antenna designed by the present invention:

2a) Fig. 5 is the comparison diagram of femtocell user's total throughout in this community of the present invention, grand user's total throughout and cell throughout and traditional mechanism; Can see in Fig. 5, adopt femtocell sub-clustering mechanism in this programme can improve the total throughout of femtocell user, the 3D beam optimization algorithm adopting this programme to propose can improve the total throughout of grand user, like this can the total throughput of elevator system;

2b) Fig. 6 is the simulation comparison figure of the grand user throughput of the cell edge of the mechanism that proposes of the present invention and traditional 2D antenna and inside and outside noisy 3D wave beam; Can see in Fig. 6, adopt 2 wave beams inside and outside 3D, due to the co-channel interference between inside and outside user, the throughput of edge customer can not be promoted, and adopt this programme, then can the throughput of significant increase Cell Edge User.

The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. the LTE heterogeneous network disturbance coordination method based on the three-dimensional beam model of active antenna, it is characterized in that, in the LTE heterogeneous network of the three-dimensional wave cover of this active antenna, macrocell adopts the 3D antenna of inside and outside 2 wave beams to cover, and femtocell community then adopts omnidirectional antenna to carry out focus covering; Community is divided into from inside to outside 3 regions, grand user in innermost region adopts interior wave beam to cover, outmost region adopts outer wave beam to cover, more intermediate annular region adopts 2 wave beam Combined Treatment to provide service, and it is multiplexing to carry out sub-clustering for the femtocell in region, carry out angle of declination adjustment and the Resourse Distribute of inside and outside wave beam in community;

Specifically comprise the following steps:

Step one, is divided into 3 regions from the inside to surface successively by community, and region, the inside adopts wave beam completely to cover, and the annular region at center adopts the joint transmission of inside and outside 2 wave beams to carry out transmission data, and the outer wave beam of outermost area employing covers; Region, the inside is first area, and the annular region at center is second area, and outermost area is the 3rd region;

Step 2, based on threshold distance, calculates the interference indicator function of each femtocell in first area and the 3rd region and the degree of disturbance of femtocell;

Step 3, carries out sub-clustering to each femtocell in the associating region in first area and the 3rd region;

Step 4, sets up the channel model of femtocell to user, and builds the channel gain model of macro base station to user based on 3D antenna model;

Step 5, sets up signal to noise ratio and the throughput model of grand user and femtocell user in 3 regions;

Step 6, by maximizing the total throughout of grand user in community, carries out 3D beam optimization.

2. as claimed in claim 1 based on the LTE heterogeneous network disturbance coordination method of the three-dimensional beam model of active antenna, it is characterized in that, should comprise based on the step of the LTE heterogeneous network disturbance coordination method of the three-dimensional beam model of active antenna:

Step one, is divided into 3 regions from the inside to surface successively by community, and first area adopts wave beam completely to cover, and second area adopts the joint transmission of inside and outside 2 wave beams to carry out transmission data, and the 3rd region adopts outer wave beam to cover;

Step 2, based on threshold distance R _th, calculate the interference indicator function e (ν of each femtocell in the associating region in first area and the 3rd region _i, ν _j), with the degree of disturbance d of femtocell _g(ν _i);

Step 3, carries out sub-clustering by the femtocell in the associating region in first area and the 3rd region;

Step 4, sets up the channel model of femtocell to user, and builds the channel gain model of macro base station to user based on 3D antenna model;

Step 5, sets up signal to noise ratio and the throughput model of grand user and femtocell user in 3 regions;

Step 6, is optimized for carrying out the grand user throughput in community, proposes 3D beam optimization algorithm.

3., as claimed in claim 2 based on the LTE heterogeneous network disturbance coordination method of the three-dimensional beam model of active antenna, it is characterized in that, step one specifically comprises:

The first step, divide central area and fringe region, centered by first area region, and central area scope is 0 ~ r rice, and fringe region scope is r ~ R rice, and the fringe region in the present invention comprises second area and the 3rd region;

Second step, first area is θ by angle of declination completely ₁3D antenna in wave beam cover, the 3rd region is θ by angle of declination completely ₂3D antenna in wave beam cover, in second area, user is combined by inside and outside 2 wave beams and carries out transmission data.

4., as claimed in claim 2 based on the LTE heterogeneous network disturbance coordination method of the three-dimensional beam model of active antenna, it is characterized in that, step 2 specifically comprises:

The first step, with the interference indicator function e (ν between femtocell _i, ν _j), represent the disturbed condition between femtocell:

$e(v_i,v_j)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}1& R(i,j)<R_{\mathrm{th}}\\ 0& R(i,j)\&GreaterEqual;R_{\mathrm{th}}\end{array}\right.;$

Wherein, R _threpresent threshold distance, R (i, j) represents the distance between i-th femtocell and a jth femtocell, S _frepresent the femtocell set participating in sub-clustering, | S _f| represent S set _fthe number of middle femtocell, and specify e (ν _i, ν _i)=0, namely between femtocell self number do not exist collision interference;

Second step, calculates the degree of disturbance of each femtocell, uses d _g(ν _i) represent:

$d_G\left(v_i\right)=\underset{j=1,j\&NotEqual;i}{\overset{\left|S_F\right|}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}e(v_i,v_j);$

D _g(ν _i)=0, then ν _ibe an isolated point, i.e. 0 degree of node, means that this femtocell and remaining femtocell does not all exist to collide and disturbs.

5., as claimed in claim 2 based on the LTE heterogeneous network disturbance coordination method of the three-dimensional beam model of active antenna, it is characterized in that, step 3 specifically comprises:

The first step, initialization sub-clustering number l=1, according to the e (ν of each femtocell _i, ν _j), by femtocell in first area and the 3rd region, and represent the femtocell set participating in sub-clustering with V, S represents all and does not have noisy node (0 degree of node) to gather;

Second step, builds the interference matrix A (G) of femtocell, and calculates the degree of disturbance d of each femtocell according to the femtocell element in set V _g(ν _i);

3rd step, now has interference element in interference matrix A (G), order namely the femtocell number returning maximum interference is i, with seasonal d _g(ν _i)=0, the element arranged by the i-th row i-th in A (G) matrix is all set to 0, and by node ν _ibe recorded to and be initially in the set B of empty set, continuous like this maximum interference element is recorded in set B, and by this element place row and column zero setting in interference matrix, until noiseless element in A (G), obtain a component bunch result R' only having residue node to form like this _l, l=l+1;

4th step, can not meet matrix A (G) for full 0 matrix and B is empty set, then order set V is set B, is empty set with seasonal B, and returns second step and rebuild new interference matrix A (G), obtains new sub-clustering result R' _l; Meet matrix A (G) for full 0 matrix and B is empty set, now gathering V is not empty set, then V interior joint has one group of one's own;

5th step, is assigned to the S set set of initial 0 degree of node in that group bunch comprising femtocell minimum number, and terminates femtocell cluster algorithm.

6., as claimed in claim 2 based on the LTE heterogeneous network disturbance coordination method of the three-dimensional beam model of active antenna, it is characterized in that, step 4 specifically comprises:

The first step, macro base station adopts 3D wave beam to carry out MPS process, its horizontal radiation model and vertical radiation model representation as follows:

$A_{E,V}\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)=-\min [12{\left(\frac{\mathrm{\&theta;}-{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{\mathrm{etilt}}-90}{{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{3\mathrm{dB}}}\right)}^2,{\mathrm{SLA}}_v];$

Wherein, A _e,H(φ) and A _e,V(θ) antenna gain of horizontal direction and vertical direction is represented respectively, represent the horizontal angle of user, represent horizontal half-power beam width (HPBW); A _mto gain before and after representing, θ represents the vertical elevation of user, θ _etiltrepresent the angle of declination of antenna; θ _3dBrepresent vertical half-power beam width, SLA _vrepresent sidelobe level restriction;

Therefore, macro base station is expressed as follows to the 3D antenna gain of user:

Wherein, G _{e, Max}represent the maximum directive gain (dB) of this simple oscialltor radiation element;

Second step, macro base station adopts 3D antenna model, and such macro base station and femtocell are expressed as to the channel gain of user:

Wherein, α _{u, n, M}for macro base station is to the frequency selectivity Rayleigh fading of user u on the n-th subcarrier, for macro base station is to the 3D antenna power gain of user u, S _u,Mfor logarithm shadow fading, L _u,Mthen for macro base station is to the path loss of user;

3rd step, femtocell adopts traditional antenna, and such femtocell is expressed as to the gain of user:

G _k,n,f＝(α _k,n,f) ²A _fS _k,f/L _k,f；

Wherein, α _{k, n, f}for femtocell base station is to the frequency selectivity Rayleigh fading of user k on the n-th subcarrier, A _ffor the gain of femtocell antenna, S _k,ffor logarithm shadow fading, L _k,fthen for femtocell is to the path loss of user k.

7., as claimed in claim 2 based on the LTE heterogeneous network disturbance coordination method of the three-dimensional beam model of active antenna, it is characterized in that, step 5 specifically comprises:

The first step, the grand user (MUE) in the first area, region of interior wave cover and the signal to noise ratio of femtocell user (FUE) are expressed as:

${\mathrm{SINR}}_{u_1,n,M}^I=\frac{p_1{G}_{u_1,n,M}^I\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1\right)}{\underset{f\&Element;A_n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}{p}_f{G}_{u_1,n,f}^I+{\mathrm{\&sigma;}}^2};$

${\mathrm{SINR}}_{k_1,n,f}^I=\frac{p_f{G}_{k_1,n,f}^I}{\underset{f^{\&prime;}\&Element;A_n,f^{\&prime;}\&NotEqual;f}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}{p}_f{G}_{u_1,n,f^{\&prime;}}^I+p_1{G}_{k_1,n,M}^I\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1\right)+{\mathrm{\&sigma;}}^2};$

In above formula, p ₁represent the transmitting power of macro base station in interior wave beam, grand user u in wave beam to first area in expression macro base station ₁channel gain, p _ffor the transmitting power of femtocell, represent the FUE user k that femtocell serves to it ₁channel gain, A _nrepresent the set of the femtocell using subcarrier n, σ ²for white Gaussian noise;

Second step, in the second area between inside and outside wave beam, owing to adopting joint transmission (JT) mode to carry out transfer of data, for the grand user in second area, these 2 wave beams all transmit useful signal; For the femtocell user in second area, these 2 beam signals of macro base station are all interference signals; The signal to noise ratio of MUE and FUE is as follows so in the second area:

${\mathrm{SINR}}_{u_2,n,M}^C=\frac{p_1{G}_{u_2,n,M}^C\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1\right)+(P-p_1)G_{u_2,n,M}^C\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2\right)}{\underset{f\&Element;A_n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}{p}_f{G}_{u_2,n,f}^C+{\mathrm{\&sigma;}}^2}$

${\mathrm{SINR}}_{k_2,n,f}^C=\frac{p_f{G}_{k_2,n,f}^C}{\underset{f^{\&prime;}\&Element;A_n,f^{\&prime;}\&NotEqual;f}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}{p}_f{G}_{k_2,n,f}^C+p_1{G}_{u_2,n,M}^C\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1\right)+(P-p_1)G_{u_2,n,M}^C\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2\right)+{\mathrm{\&sigma;}}^2};$

In formula, grand user u in wave beam to second area in expression macro base station ₂channel gain, represent that the outer wave beam of macro base station is to user u ₂channel gain, represent Femtocell to FUE user k ₂channel gain, P represents that macro base station distributes the maximum power of a Resource Block;

3rd step, the outside region of wave cover, the signal to noise ratio of MUE and FUE in the 3rd region, and in first area, signal to noise ratio is similar, is expressed as follows:

${\mathrm{SINR}}_{u_3,n,M}^E=\frac{(P-p_1)G_{u_3,n,M}^E\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2\right)}{\underset{f\&Element;A_n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}{p}_f{G}_{u_3,n,f}^E+{\mathrm{\&sigma;}}^2}$

${\mathrm{SINR}}_{k_3,n,f}^E=\frac{p_f{G}_{k_3,n,f}^E}{\underset{f^{\&prime;}\&Element;A_n,f^{\&prime;}\&NotEqual;f}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}{p}_f{G}_{k_3,n,f^{\&prime;}}^E+(P-p_1)G_{k_3,n,M}^E\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2\right)+{\mathrm{\&sigma;}}^2};$

In formula, represent grand user u in the outer wave beam to the 3rd region of macro base station ₃channel gain, represent that femtocell is to grand user u ₃channel gain, represent femtocell to FUE user k ₃channel gain, represent that the outer wave beam of macro base station is to FUE user k ₃channel gain;

4th step, the speed calculating all users obtains the throughput R that in system, grand user is total ^mthe throughput total with femtocell and R ^f, be expressed as follows:

$\begin{array}{c}{R}^M=B(\underset{u_1=1}{\overset{U_1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\underset{n=1}{\overset{N_m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_{u_1,n}{\log }_2(1+{\mathrm{SINR}}_{u_1,n,M}^I)+\underset{u_2=1}{\overset{U_2}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\underset{n=1}{\overset{N-N_m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{\&beta;}}_{u_2,n}{\log }_2(1+{\mathrm{SINR}}_{u_2,n,M}^C)\\ +\underset{u_3=1}{\overset{U_3}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\underset{n=1}{\overset{N_m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{\&gamma;}}_{u_3,n}{\log }_2(1+{\mathrm{SINR}}_{u_3,n,M}^E))\end{array}$

$\begin{array}{c}{R}^F=B(\underset{k_1=1}{\overset{K_1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\underset{n=1}{\overset{N_m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_{k_1,n}{\log }_2(1+{\mathrm{SINR}}_{k_1,n,f}^I)+\underset{k_2=1}{\overset{K_2}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\underset{n=1}{\overset{N-N_m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{v}_{k_2,n}{\log }_2(1+{\mathrm{SINR}}_{k_2,n,f}^C)\\ +\underset{k_3=1}{\overset{K_3}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\underset{n=1}{\overset{N_m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_{k_3,n}{\log }_2(1+{\mathrm{SINR}}_{k_3,n,f}^E))\end{array};$

Wherein, the resource bandwidth that B uses for each user, N _mfor the operable total number subcarriers of user in first area, U ₁, U ₂, U ₃the total number of grand user in 3 regions respectively, K ₁, K ₂, K ₃be respectively the femtocell total number of users in 3 regions, represent carrier wave indicator function, each user is assigned at most a Resource Block, gets 1 expression and represents and be assigned to carrier resource; Otherwise, represent and be not assigned to carrier resource.

8., as claimed in claim 2 based on the LTE heterogeneous network disturbance coordination method of the three-dimensional beam model of active antenna, it is characterized in that, step 6 specifically comprises:

The first step, initialization power p ₁and angle of declination θ ₁, θ ₂, according to the femtocell dividing good bunch, and determine femtocell to the interference of grand user and calculate iterations n=0 time the total throughout of macro base station

Second step, calculates macro base station to the interference of femtocell, and according to signal to noise ratio order from high to low, carries out the distribution of the carrier resource of femtocell user and Hong user successively:

$\begin{array}{c}{n}_f^{*}=\arg \underset{n}{\max }{\mathrm{SINR}}_{k,n,f}\\ n_M^{*}=\arg \underset{n}{\max }{\mathrm{SINR}}_{u,n,M}(\max \left({\mathrm{SINR}}_{u,n,M}\right)\&GreaterEqual;{\mathrm{\&gamma;}}_M)\end{array};$

Wherein, γ _mfor the lowest signal-to-noise demand of grand user, calculate according to minimum speed limit demand;

3rd step, by power p ₁with angle of declination θ ₁, θ ₂iteration is carried out respectively according to formula below:

$p_1^{(k+1)}={[p_1^{\left(k\right)}+p_{\mathrm{step}}\&CenterDot;\frac{{\&PartialD;R}^M}{{\&PartialD;p}_1}]}_0^P$

${\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1^{(k+1)}={[{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1^{\left(k\right)}+{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{\mathrm{step}}\&CenterDot;\frac{{\&PartialD;R}^M}{{\&PartialD;\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1}]}_{{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2}^{\mathrm{\&pi;}/2};$

${\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2^{(k+1)}={[{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2^{\left(k\right)}+{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{\mathrm{step}}\&CenterDot;\frac{{\&PartialD;R}^M}{{\&PartialD;\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2}]}_0^{\mathrm{\&pi;}/2}$

Wherein, p _stepand θ _steprepresent the iteration step length of power and angle of declination respectively, represent the throughput R that grand user is total ^mto p ₁local derviation, with represent the throughput R that grand user is total ^mrespectively to angle of declination θ ₁, θ ₂partial derivative;

4th step, calculates the throughput that the grand user of (n+1)th iteration is total the throughput of (n+1)th iteration turn the 5th step; Otherwise, return second step and proceed algorithm;

5th step, obtain optimum calculate the total throughput of the total throughput of the user of femtocell now and community.