CN104617624A - Solar DC voltage increase and stabilizing type charging power supply - Google Patents

Solar DC voltage increase and stabilizing type charging power supply Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104617624A
CN104617624A CN201510058861.XA CN201510058861A CN104617624A CN 104617624 A CN104617624 A CN 104617624A CN 201510058861 A CN201510058861 A CN 201510058861A CN 104617624 A CN104617624 A CN 104617624A
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voltage
triode
comparator
resistance
circuit
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CN201510058861.XA
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CN104617624B (en
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廖东进
黄云龙
黄志平
刘晓龙
方晓敏
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Quzhou College of Technology
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Quzhou College of Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • H02J7/0026—
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Abstract

The invention provides a solar DC voltage increase and stabilizing type charging power supply. The solar DC voltage increase and stabilizing type charging power supply comprises a solar battery, a storage battery pack, a power-shortage protection circuit, an adjustable square wave circuit, a DC voltage increase circuit and a DC adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit which are sequentially connected; the solar battery is used for photoelectric conversion; the electricity energy produced by the photoelectric conversion of the solar battery is used for charging the storage battery pack, and the nominal voltage of the storage battery pack is 6V; the power-shortage protection circuit is used for stopping discharging of the storage battery pack when the end voltage of the storage battery pack is less than 5.7V; the adjustable square wave circuit outputs a square wave impulse signal of which the duty ratio K is adjustable and is not less than 50%; the DC voltage increase circuit increases the voltage through the resistance adjusting of a first potentiometer; the DC adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit is used for stabilizing the voltage of the DC voltage increase circuit by the synchronous adjusting of a double-link adjustable potentiometer, and the stable output voltage ranges from 10 to 230V. The solar DC voltage increase and stabilizing type charging power supply has the advantages of being applicable to charging of electronic devices with different charging voltage types, energy saving, environmentally friendly, charging on real time, and being flexible and convenient to charge.

Description

Solar DC boosting voltage stabilizing charge power supply
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solar DC charge power supply, be applicable to the charging of the different electronic equipment of all kinds of charging voltage.
Background technology
In household electrical appliance and other kinds electronic equipment, usually all need the DC power supply of voltage stabilization.And in real life, be all powered by the AC network of 220V, this just needs to convert alternating current to galvanic current by transformation, rectification, filtering, a series of circuit of voltage stabilizing.
Along with people are to the continuous dependence of electronic equipment, the convenience of electronic equipment charging, agility more and more receive the concern of people.Due to the circuit problem of electronic equipment own, the charging voltage of each class of electronic devices is different, and this just requires that all kinds of electronic equipment must be equipped with the DC charging power supply of charging voltage coupling, so just causes the phenomenon that in family, charger is various; Further, when going out not have the AC socket of 220V outside, charger cannot charge for electronic equipment, and also namely the charger of 220V Alternating Current Power Supply cannot accomplish to be electronic equipment charging in real time.
Charger and solar energy is a kind of clean energy resource, there is the advantage of energy-conserving and environment-protective, uses solar energy as the power source of charger, even if can be also electronic equipment charging in real time when going out.In order to the charging of the electronic equipment of applicable different electric pressure, the toy charging of such as 12V, the battery vehicle charging of 24V or 48V, and the charging of batteries of the various electric pressures obtained is combined by cell batteries (cell batteries is generally 2V), also have the charging of other kinds electronic equipment, research and develop a kind of solar DC boosting voltage stabilizing charge power supply being applicable to the different electronic equipment charging of all kinds of charging voltage and very there is meaning.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to deficiency of the prior art, provide a kind of be applicable to the different electronic equipment of all kinds of charging voltage charging, energy-conserving and environment-protective, can real time charging, charge solar DC boosting voltage stabilizing charge power supply flexible.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Solar DC boosting voltage stabilizing charge power supply, comprises solar cell, batteries, short of electricity protective circuit, adjustable circuit and square-wave, the DC voltage booster circuit connected successively, direct current is adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit;
Described solar cell is used for opto-electronic conversion, the electric energy that solar cell photoelectric is changed charges into batteries, solar cell prevents counter the first diode filled of electric energy to the charging circuit of batteries is connected with, the positive pole of the first diode connects the positive pole of solar cell, the negative pole of the first diode connects the positive pole of batteries, and the nominal voltage of described batteries is 6V;
Described short of electricity protective circuit comprises the voltage collection circuit be made up of the first resistance and the second resistant series, be connected with between described batteries and voltage collection circuit and prevent batteries reversal connection and the second diode damaging circuit, the positive pole of the second diode connects the positive pole of batteries, the negative pole of the second diode connects the input of voltage collection circuit, the resistance value ratio of described first resistance and the second resistance is 14 ﹕ 25, the first voltage acquisition point is formed between first resistance and the second resistance, described first voltage acquisition point connects the end of oppisite phase of the first comparator, the in-phase end of the first comparator connects the positive pole that voltage stabilizing value is first voltage-stabiliser tube of 3.2V, the positive pole of the first voltage-stabiliser tube connects the positive pole of described batteries by the 3rd resistance, first comparator is used for exporting high level when in-phase end voltage is greater than end of oppisite phase voltage, output low level when in-phase end voltage is less than end of oppisite phase voltage, the 4th resistance is connected with between the output of the first comparator and positive power source terminal, the output of the first comparator connects the base stage of the first triode, first triode adopts PNP type triode, PNP type triode conducting when base stage is low level, base stage end when being high level, the emitter of the first triode connects the negative pole of described second diode, and the collector electrode of the first triode connects the input of adjustable circuit and square-wave, described short of electricity protective circuit is used for when the terminal voltage of described batteries is lower than 5.7V, and the first comparator exports high level and closes the first triode, the electric discharge of cut-off batteries,
The resistance value ratio of the first resistance and the second resistance illustrates:
u v2for the terminal voltage of batteries, U d2be the conduction voltage drop of the second diode, the second diode is silicone tube diode, and its conduction voltage drop is 0.7V, R1 is the first resistance, and R2 is the second resistance, can be calculated, as R1 ﹕ R2=14 ﹕ 25, the voltage of the first voltage acquisition point is 3.2V, also namely as the terminal voltage U of batteries v2when being less than 5.7V, the voltage of the first voltage acquisition point will be less than 3.2V, so the in-phase end voltage of the first comparator is greater than end of oppisite phase voltage, the first comparator exports high level, closes the first triode into positive-negative-positive, the electric discharge of cut-off batteries;
Described adjustable circuit and square-wave comprises the second comparator, the in-phase end of the second comparator connects by the 5th resistance the positive pole that voltage stabilizing value is second voltage-stabiliser tube of 3.2V, the positive pole of the second voltage-stabiliser tube connects the collector electrode of described first triode by the 6th resistance, the end of oppisite phase of the second comparator connects the first electric capacity, the left end ground connection of the first electric capacity, the in-phase end of the second comparator connects the output of the second comparator by the 7th resistance, tie point between 5th resistance and the 7th resistance is by connection the 8th grounding through resistance, 5th resistance, 7th resistance, 8th resistance is equal, the output of the second comparator is by the first potentiometer, 9th resistance, and the 3rd first capacitor charging described in diode pair, first potentiometer has the sliding end of regulating resistance, first electric capacity is discharged to the output of the second comparator by the 4th diode and the tenth resistance, so be built into the homophase hysteresis comparator that has two kinds of in-phase end threshold voltages, two kinds of in-phase end threshold voltages are respectively the first in-phase end threshold voltage U t+and the second in-phase end threshold voltage U t-,
When whole circuit start moment, the right-hand member voltage of the first electric capacity is zero, the in-phase end of the second comparator is due to the existence of the second voltage-stabiliser tube, its in-phase end voltage is greater than end of oppisite phase voltage, second comparator exports high level, the output of the second comparator is by the first potentiometer, the 9th resistance and the 3rd diode pair first capacitor charging, and the right-hand member voltage of the first electric capacity increases gradually, when the first capacitor charging to right-hand member voltage is greater than the first in-phase end threshold voltage U of the second comparator t+time, second comparator output low level, now the right-hand member of the first electric capacity is discharged to the output of the second comparator by the 4th diode, the tenth resistance, and the right-hand member voltage of the first electric capacity reduces gradually, when the right-hand member voltage of the first electric capacity is decreased to the second in-phase end threshold voltage U being less than the second comparator t-time, the second comparator exports high level, and the output of the second comparator begins through again the right-hand member charging of the first potentiometer, the 9th resistance and the 3rd diode pair first electric capacity; So the output of the second comparator alternately exports high level and low level, and form the square-wave pulse signal that duty ratio is adjustable, the duty ratio K of square-wave pulse signal is the ratio of charge constant and charge constant and discharge time constant sum,
wherein, R9 is the 9th resistance, and R10 is the tenth resistance, and R ' _ 1 is the left end resistance of the relative sliding end of the first potentiometer R_1, arranges R9=R10, obtains when R ' _ 1 is 0 Ω, duty ratio K is minimum, so duty ratio K>=50%;
First in-phase end threshold voltage U of above-mentioned homophase hysteresis comparator is below described t+and the second in-phase end threshold voltage U t-how to calculate:
When whole circuit start moment, the first electric capacity does not start charging, and the in-phase end voltage of the second comparator is greater than end of oppisite phase voltage, and the second comparator output high level voltage is about 5V, now the first in-phase end threshold voltage U t+satisfy condition: wherein, U 2+be the high level voltage 5V of the output of the second comparator, U t+be the first in-phase end threshold voltage, U d4be the voltage stabilizing value 3.2V of the second voltage-stabiliser tube, R5=R7=R8, U after calculating t+=2.7V, when the first capacitor charging is to right-hand member voltage rise to U t+before, the second comparator exports high level; When the first capacitor discharge is to right-hand member voltage drop to U t-before, the second comparator output low level, now the second in-phase end threshold voltage U of the second comparator t-satisfy condition: wherein, U d4be the voltage stabilizing value 3.2V of the second voltage-stabiliser tube, R5=R7=R8, U after calculating t-=1.07V, when the first capacitor discharge is less than U to right-hand member voltage t-before, the second comparator output low level; So, when the right-hand member voltage of the first electric capacity is charged to U t+, the output of the second comparator becomes low level by high level, when the right-hand member tension discharge of the first electric capacity is to U t-time, the output of the second comparator becomes high level by low level;
Described DC voltage booster circuit comprises the second triode of cascade, 3rd triode, second triode adopts NPN type triode, 3rd triode adopts PNP type triode, the base stage of the second triode connects the output of described second comparator by the 11 resistance, the collector electrode of the second triode connects the base stage of the 3rd triode, the grounded emitter of the second triode, the emitter of the 3rd triode connects the collector electrode of described first triode, the collector electrode of the 3rd triode is by the first inductance ground connection, the two ends of the first inductance are parallel with the second electric capacity and the 12 resistance, second electric capacity connects the first inductance by the 5th diode, the positive pole of the 5th diode connects the negative pole of the second electric capacity, the negative pole of the 5th diode connects the upper end of the first inductance, described adjustable circuit and square-wave passes through the adjustable square-wave pulse signal of the second comparator output duty cycle, when square-wave pulse signal is in high level, second triode ON of DC voltage booster circuit, the collector electrode output low level of the second triode, so the 3rd triode ON, the collector and emitter of the 3rd triode is connected, and the emitter of the 3rd triode is to the first induction charging, when square-wave pulse signal is in low level, second triode cut-off of DC voltage booster circuit, the collector electrode of the second triode exports high level, so the 3rd triode cut-off, the collector electrode of the 3rd triode and emitter not conducting, the first inductance after charging starts electric discharge, so DC voltage booster circuit constitutes BOOST/BUCK step-up/step-down circuit, and the output voltage U of BOOST/BUCK step-up/step-down circuit 01also be the output voltage U of DC voltage booster circuit 01with input voltage V inpass is: k is the duty ratio of square-wave pulse signal, due to K>=50%, therefore dC voltage booster circuit realizes boost function, substitutes into the formula of aforementioned K, can obtain and output voltage U 01with input voltage V indirection is contrary, so DC voltage booster circuit realizes boosting by the resistance adjustment of the first potentiometer, hereinafter the first potentiometer and the second potentiometer constitute duplex adjustable potentiometer, duplex adjustable potentiometer adopts 100K Ω duplex adjustable potentiometer, within the scope of R ' _ 1≤100K Ω, can realize U 01the boosting of large multiple,
Below illustrate derivation:
Under described BOOST/BUCK step-up/step-down circuit is in the current continuity working condition of the first inductance, when the second comparator exports high level, the second triode ON, the 3rd triode ON, the input voltage V of DC voltage booster circuit inall be added on the first inductance, the electric current of the first inductance linearly increases, the 5th diode cut-off, and the 12 resistance is by the second capacitances to supply power; When the second triode, the 3rd firm conducting of triode, then have wherein, L is the induction reactance value of the first inductance, i l1for flowing through the current value of the first inductance, V infor the input voltage of DC voltage booster circuit; When the second triode, the 3rd triode ON are about to cut-off, the electric current of the first inductance reaches maximum i l1MAX, so during the second triode, the 3rd triode ON, the electric current increment Δ i of the first inductance l1 (+)for: wherein, K is the duty ratio of square-wave pulse signal, T sfor the cycle of square-wave pulse signal, T oNfor the ON time in square-wave pulse signal one-period;
When the second comparator has just started output low level, the second triode has transferred cut-off to by conducting, and the 3rd triode transfers cut-off to by conducting, the input voltage V of DC voltage booster circuit incut-off input, the electric current of the first inductance is by the 5th diode continuousing flow, and the energy storage of the first inductance is shifted to the 12 resistance and the second electric capacity, now i l1linear reduction, then have wherein, L is the induction reactance value of the first inductance, i l1for flowing through the current value of the first inductance, u o1for the instant output voltage of DC voltage booster circuit; When the second comparator starts to be changed to high level by low level, namely the second triode, the 3rd triode are when final time, i l1reach minimum current i l1min, u o1become the output voltage U of DC voltage booster circuit 01, then at the second triode, between the 3rd triode off period, the electric current decrease Δ i of the first inductance l1 (-)pass be: wherein, K is the duty ratio of square-wave pulse signal, T sfor the cycle of square-wave pulse signal, T oNfor the ON time in square-wave pulse signal one-period;
When steady operation, the second comparator exports the electric current increment Δ i of the first inductance between high period l1 (+)equal the electric current decrease Δ i of the first inductance during the second comparator output low level l1 (-), by can push away, the output voltage U of DC voltage booster circuit 01with input voltage V inpass is: k is the duty ratio of square-wave pulse signal;
Described direct current is adjustable, and voltage stabilizing circuit comprises the 3rd comparator, the in-phase end of the 3rd comparator connects the positive pole that voltage stabilizing value is the 3rd voltage-stabiliser tube of 4.7V, the positive pole of the 3rd voltage-stabiliser tube connects the output of described DC voltage booster circuit by the 13 resistance, the end of oppisite phase of the 3rd comparator connects the upper end of the 14 resistance, the output of the 3rd comparator connects the base stage of the 4th triode, 4th triode adopts PNP type triode, the collector electrode of the 4th triode connects the output of described DC voltage booster circuit, the emitter of the 4th triode connects by the second potentiometer, the upper end of the series circuit that the 14 resistant series is formed, the sliding end of the second potentiometer is connected with the emitter of the 4th triode, regulating the sliding end position of the second potentiometer, can change the output voltage of described series circuit, is also the output voltage U of the adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit of direct current 02size, according to the 3rd comparator composition negative-feedback circuit, when in-phase end voltage U 3+with end of oppisite phase voltage U 3-time equal, due to can obtain wherein, U 3+be the stationary value 4.7V of the 3rd voltage-stabiliser tube, R14 be the 14 resistance, R ' _ 2 are the lower end resistance of the relative sliding end of the second potentiometer,
The output voltage of described DC voltage booster circuit the input voltage V of DC voltage booster circuit interminal voltage 6V for batteries deducts the conduction voltage drop 0.7V of the second diode, first triode and the 3rd triode do not have conduction voltage drop in complete conducting situation, when the output output low level of the first comparator, first triode ON of positive-negative-positive, the emitter and collector of the first triode has the big current from batteries to flow through, therefore the first triode has big current to flow through complete conducting, and in order to make the complete conducting of the 3rd triode, adding the second triode makes the second triode and the 3rd triode form multiple tube, when adjustable circuit and square-wave exports high level, second triode ON of NPN type, the collector and emitter conducting output low level of the second triode, 3rd triode ON of positive-negative-positive, the emitter and collector of the 3rd triode has the big current from batteries to flow through, so the 3rd triode has big current to flow through complete conducting, because the first triode and the 3rd triode all have big current to flow through complete conducting, therefore the first triode and the 3rd triode do not have conduction voltage drop, the input voltage V of DC voltage booster circuit interminal voltage 6V for batteries deducts the conduction voltage drop 0.7V of the second diode, is also V infor 5.3V, so the output voltage of DC voltage booster circuit U 01 = 5.3 R ′ _ 1 + R 9 R 10 ;
The output voltage of described direct current is adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit u 3+be the stationary value 4.7V of the 3rd voltage-stabiliser tube, the first potentiometer and the second potentiometer is made to form the equal duplex adjustable potentiometer of resistance, like this can the change of sliding end of adjusted in concert first potentiometer and the second potentiometer, make R ' _ 1=R ' _ 2, make R10=R15 to make U simultaneously 01and U 02denominator equal, owing to arranging R9=R10 in adjustable circuit and square-wave, therefore R9=R10=R15, due to u 01coefficient 5.3 be greater than U 02coefficient 4.7, other parts are identical, therefore the output voltage U of the adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit of direct current 02all the time the output voltage U of DC voltage booster circuit is less than 01, achieve the voltage stabilizing that the adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit of direct current is final, duplex adjustable potentiometer adopts 100K Ω duplex adjustable potentiometer, and arranges R15=2K Ω, brings U into 02formula in obtain U 02maximum be 240V, and U 02minimum value be that (in k=50% not boosting situation, the terminal voltage 6V of batteries deducts the conduction voltage drop 0.7V of the second diode for the output voltage 5.3V of the adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit of direct current in DC voltage booster circuit not boosting situation, first triode, 3rd triode, the complete conducting of 4th triode does not have conduction voltage drop), due to the head end output voltage of the adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit of direct current and tail end output voltage stable not, therefore the regulated output voltage of the adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit of direct current will remove unstable head end output voltage and tail end output voltage, the regulated output voltage scope arranging the adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit of direct current is 10V-230V, also namely the regulated output voltage scope of solar DC boosting voltage stabilizing charge power supply is 10V-230V, the output of direct current is adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit connects the storage battery to be charged of electronic equipment.
Further, the resistance of described first resistance is 140k Ω, and the resistance of the second resistance is 250k Ω.It is larger that the resistance of the first resistance and the second resistance is established, and is to prevent solar cell from flowing in voltage collection circuit to the electric energy of battery charging, and the electric energy of solar cell is all for battery charging.
Further, the resistance of described 5th resistance, the 7th resistance, the 8th resistance is 2k Ω.
Further, described first comparator adopts chip LM393, and the second comparator adopts chip LM358, and the 3rd comparator adopts chip LM358.
Technical conceive of the present invention is: solar DC boosting voltage stabilizing charge power supply, comprises solar cell, batteries, short of electricity protective circuit, adjustable circuit and square-wave, the DC voltage booster circuit connected successively, direct current is adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit; Described solar cell is used for opto-electronic conversion, and the electric energy that solar cell photoelectric is changed charges into batteries, and the nominal voltage of batteries is 6V; Described short of electricity protective circuit is by being connected to the voltage of the first voltage acquisition point and the accurate voltage compare of end group in the same way of the first comparator of the voltage collection circuit of the end of oppisite phase of the first comparator, realize when the terminal voltage of described batteries is lower than 5.7V, the electric discharge of cut-off batteries; Described adjustable circuit and square-wave adopts homophase hysteresis comparator, the output being realized the second comparator by the charging and discharging of the first electric capacity being connected to homophase hysteresis comparator end of oppisite phase alternately exports high level and low level, the high level alternately exported and low level form the adjustable square-wave pulse signal of duty ratio, duty ratio K>=50% of square-wave pulse signal; Described DC voltage booster circuit is built into BOOST/BUCK step-up/step-down circuit, is realized the boosting of DC voltage booster circuit output by the charging and discharging of the first inductance, the output voltage of DC voltage booster circuit duplex adjustable potentiometer adopts 100K Ω duplex adjustable potentiometer, by regulating the resistance value of R ' _ 1, can realize the high multiple boosting of DC voltage booster circuit, to be applicable to the charging of all kinds of charging voltage particularly electronic equipment of high charge voltage; Described direct current is adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit realizes the real-time voltage stabilizing to DC voltage booster circuit by the adjusted in concert of duplex adjustable potentiometer, the output voltage of direct current is adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit r ' _ 2 of duplex adjustable potentiometer and R ' _ 1 adjusted in concert, can ensure U 02all the time U is less than 01so achieve the final voltage stabilizing of DC voltage booster circuit, the regulated output voltage scope of direct current is adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit is 10V-230V.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: a kind of solar DC boosting voltage stabilizing charge power supply is provided, it is that 6V batteries is as electrical power storage element with nominal voltage, regulated output voltage scope, between 10V-230V, can be the charging of the different electronic equipment of all kinds of charging voltage; The output voltage of solar DC boosting voltage stabilizing charge power supply is regulated by duplex adjustable potentiometer, this output voltage continuously adjustabe; The output voltage of DC voltage booster circuit duplex adjustable potentiometer adopts 100K Ω duplex adjustable potentiometer, by regulating the resistance value of R ' _ 1, can realize the high multiple boosting of DC voltage booster circuit, to be applicable to the charging of all kinds of charging voltage particularly electronic equipment of high charge voltage; The output voltage of direct current is adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit r ' _ 2 of duplex adjustable potentiometer and R ' _ 1 adjusted in concert, U 02all the time U is less than 01, the voltage stabilizing to DC voltage booster circuit can be realized; There is short of electricity protective circuit, when batteries Severe Power Shortage is to below 5.7V, the first triode cut-off, batteries is no longer powered; There is the first triode of anti-reverse charging and prevent batteries from connecing the second anti-triode, use safety; Adopt solar powered, energy-conserving and environment-protective, can real time charging when going out, charging is flexible; Solar energy conversion power storage in batteries, can store electrical energy for subsequent charge, solar recharging need not be passed through in real time.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of solar DC of the present invention boosting voltage stabilizing charge power supply.
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of solar DC of the present invention boosting voltage stabilizing charge power supply.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:
With reference to Fig. 1-2: solar DC boosting voltage stabilizing charge power supply, comprise solar cell, batteries, short of electricity protective circuit, adjustable circuit and square-wave, the DC voltage booster circuit connected successively, direct current is adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit;
Described solar cell V1 is used for opto-electronic conversion, the electric energy of solar cell V1 opto-electronic conversion is that batteries V2 charges, solar cell V1 prevents counter the first diode D1 filled of electric energy to the charging circuit of batteries V2 is connected with, the positive pole of the first diode D1 connects the positive pole of solar cell V1, the negative pole of the first diode D1 connects the positive pole of batteries V2, and the nominal voltage of described batteries V2 is 6V;
Described short of electricity protective circuit comprises by the first resistance R1 and the second resistance R2 voltage collection circuit in series, be connected with between described batteries V2 and voltage collection circuit and prevent batteries V2 reversal connection and the second diode D2 damaging circuit, the positive pole of the second diode D2 connects the positive pole of batteries V2, the negative pole of the second diode D2 connects the input of voltage collection circuit, the resistance value ratio of described first resistance R1 and the second resistance R2 is 14 ﹕ 25, the first voltage acquisition point A is formed between first resistance R1 and the second resistance R2, described first voltage acquisition point A connects the end of oppisite phase of the first comparator U1, the in-phase end of the first comparator U1 connects the positive pole that voltage stabilizing value is the first voltage-stabiliser tube D3 of 3.2V, the positive pole of the first voltage-stabiliser tube D3 connects the positive pole of described batteries V2 by the 3rd resistance R3, first comparator U1 is used for exporting high level when in-phase end voltage is greater than end of oppisite phase voltage, output low level when in-phase end voltage is less than end of oppisite phase voltage, the 4th resistance R4 is connected with between the output of the first comparator U1 and positive power source terminal, the output of the first comparator U1 connects the base stage of the first triode Q1, first triode Q1 adopts PNP type triode, PNP type triode conducting when base stage is low level, base stage end when being high level, the emitter of the first triode Q1 connects the negative pole of described second diode D2, and the collector electrode of the first triode Q1 connects the input of adjustable circuit and square-wave, described short of electricity protective circuit is used for when the terminal voltage of described batteries V2 is lower than 5.7V, and the first comparator U1 exports high level and closes the first triode Q1, the electric discharge of cut-off batteries V2,
The resistance value ratio of the first resistance R1 and the second resistance R2 illustrates:
u v2for the terminal voltage of batteries V2, U d2be the conduction voltage drop of the second diode D2, the second diode D2 is silicone tube diode, and its conduction voltage drop is 0.7V, R1 is the first resistance, and R2 is the second resistance, can be calculated, as R1 ﹕ R2=14 ﹕ 25, the voltage of the first voltage acquisition point A is 3.2V, also namely as the terminal voltage U of batteries V2 v2when being less than 5.7V, the voltage of the first voltage acquisition point A will be less than 3.2V, so the in-phase end voltage of the first comparator U1 is greater than end of oppisite phase voltage, the first comparator exports high level, closes the first triode Q1 into positive-negative-positive, the electric discharge of cut-off batteries V2;
Described adjustable circuit and square-wave comprises the second comparator U2, the in-phase end of the second comparator U2 connects by the 5th resistance R5 the positive pole that voltage stabilizing value is the second voltage-stabiliser tube D4 of 3.2V, the positive pole of the second voltage-stabiliser tube D4 connects the collector electrode of described first triode Q1 by the 6th resistance R6, the end of oppisite phase of the second comparator U2 connects the first electric capacity C1, the left end ground connection of the first electric capacity C1, the in-phase end of the second comparator U2 connects the output of the second comparator U2 by the 7th resistance R7, tie point B between 5th resistance R5 and the 7th resistance R7 is by connection the 8th resistance R8 ground connection, 5th resistance R5, 7th resistance R7, 8th resistance R8 resistance is equal, the output of the second comparator is by the first potentiometer, 9th resistance, and the 3rd first capacitor charging described in diode pair, first potentiometer has the sliding end of regulating resistance, first electric capacity is discharged to the output of the second comparator by the 4th diode and the tenth resistance, so be built into the homophase hysteresis comparator that has two kinds of in-phase end threshold voltages, two kinds of in-phase end threshold voltages are respectively the first in-phase end threshold voltage U t+and the second in-phase end threshold voltage U t-,
When whole circuit start moment, the right-hand member voltage of the first electric capacity C1 is zero, the in-phase end of the second comparator U2 is due to the existence of the second voltage-stabiliser tube D4, its in-phase end voltage is greater than end of oppisite phase voltage, second comparator U2 exports high level, the output of the second comparator U2 is charged to the first electric capacity C1 by the first potentiometer R_1, the 9th resistance R9 and the 3rd diode D5, the right-hand member voltage of the first electric capacity C1 increases gradually, when the first electric capacity C1 charges to the first in-phase end threshold voltage U that right-hand member voltage is greater than the second comparator U2 t+time, second comparator U2 output low level, now the right-hand member of the first electric capacity C1 is discharged to the output of the second comparator U2 by the 4th diode D6, the tenth resistance R10, the right-hand member voltage of the first electric capacity C1 reduces gradually, when the right-hand member voltage of the first electric capacity C1 is decreased to the second in-phase end threshold voltage U being less than the second comparator U2 t-time, the second comparator U2 exports high level, and the output of the second comparator U2 begins through again the first potentiometer R_1, the 9th resistance R9 and the 3rd diode D5 and charges to the right-hand member of the first electric capacity C1; So the output of the second comparator U2 alternately exports high level and low level, and form the square-wave pulse signal that duty ratio is adjustable, the duty ratio K of square-wave pulse signal is the ratio of charge constant and charge constant and discharge time constant sum,
wherein, R9 is the 9th resistance, and R10 is the tenth resistance, and R ' _ 1 is the left end resistance of the relative sliding end of the first potentiometer R_1, arranges R9=R10, obtains when R ' _ 1 is 0 Ω, duty ratio K is minimum, so duty ratio K>=50%;
First in-phase end threshold voltage U of above-mentioned homophase hysteresis comparator is below described t+and the second in-phase end threshold voltage U t-how to calculate:
When whole circuit start moment, the first electric capacity C1 does not start charging, and the in-phase end voltage of the second comparator U2 is greater than end of oppisite phase voltage, and the second comparator U2 output high level voltage is about 5V, now the first in-phase end threshold voltage U t+satisfy condition: wherein, U 2+be the high level voltage 5V of the output of the second comparator U2, U t+be the first in-phase end threshold voltage, U d4be the voltage stabilizing value 3.2V of the second voltage-stabiliser tube D4, R5=R7=R8, U after calculating t+=2.7V, when the first electric capacity C1 charges to right-hand member voltage rise to U t+before, the second comparator U2 exports high level; When the first electric capacity C1 is discharged to right-hand member voltage drop to U t-before, the second comparator U2 output low level, the now second in-phase end threshold voltage U of the second comparator U2 t-satisfy condition: wherein, U d4be the voltage stabilizing value 3.2V of the second voltage-stabiliser tube, R5=R7=R8, U after calculating t-=1.07V, is less than U when the first electric capacity C1 is discharged to right-hand member voltage t-before, the second comparator U2 output low level; So, when the right-hand member voltage of the first electric capacity C1 is charged to U t+, the output of the second comparator U2 becomes low level by high level, when the right-hand member tension discharge of the first electric capacity C1 is to U t-time, the output of the second comparator U2 becomes high level by low level, the charging process of the first electric capacity C1, and the second comparator U2 exports high level, the discharge process of the first electric capacity C1, the second comparator U2 output low level;
Described DC voltage booster circuit comprises the second triode Q2 of cascade, 3rd triode Q3, second triode Q2 adopts NPN type triode, 3rd triode Q3 adopts PNP type triode, the base stage of the second triode Q2 connects the output of described second comparator U2 by the 11 resistance R11, the collector electrode of the second triode Q2 connects the base stage of the 3rd triode Q3, the grounded emitter of the second triode Q2, the emitter of the 3rd triode Q3 connects the collector electrode of described first triode Q1, the collector electrode of the 3rd triode Q3 is by the first inductance L 1 ground connection, the two ends of the first inductance L 1 are parallel with the second electric capacity C2 and the 12 resistance R12, second electric capacity C2 connects the first inductance L 1 by the 5th diode D7, the positive pole of the 5th diode D7 connects the negative pole of the second electric capacity C2, the negative pole of the 5th diode D7 connects the upper end of the first inductance L 1, described adjustable circuit and square-wave passes through the adjustable square-wave pulse signal of the second comparator U2 output duty cycle, when square-wave pulse signal is in high level, second triode Q2 conducting of DC voltage booster circuit, the collector electrode output low level of the second triode Q2, so the 3rd triode Q3 conducting, the collector and emitter of the 3rd triode Q3 is connected, and the emitter of the 3rd triode Q3 charges to the first inductance L 1, when square-wave pulse signal is in low level, second triode Q2 of DC voltage booster circuit ends, the collector electrode of the second triode Q2 exports high level, so the 3rd triode Q3 ends, the collector electrode of the 3rd triode Q3 and emitter not conducting, the first inductance L 1 after charging starts electric discharge, so DC voltage booster circuit constitutes BOOST/BUCK step-up/step-down circuit, and the output voltage U of BOOST/BUCK step-up/step-down circuit 01also be the output voltage U of DC voltage booster circuit 01with input voltage V inpass is: k is the duty ratio of square-wave pulse signal, due to K>=50%, therefore dC voltage booster circuit realizes boost function, substitutes into the formula of aforementioned K, can obtain and output voltage U 01with input voltage V indirection is contrary, so DC voltage booster circuit realizes boosting by the resistance adjustment of the first potentiometer R_1, hereinafter the first potentiometer R_1 and the second potentiometer R_2 constitutes duplex adjustable potentiometer, duplex adjustable potentiometer adopts 100K Ω duplex adjustable potentiometer, within the scope of R ' _ 1≤100K Ω, can realize U 01the boosting of large multiple,
Below illustrate derivation:
Under described BOOST/BUCK step-up/step-down circuit is in the current continuity working condition of the first inductance L 1, when the second comparator U2 exports high level, the second triode Q2 conducting, the 3rd triode Q3 conducting, the input voltage V of DC voltage booster circuit inall be added in the first inductance L 1, the electric current of the first inductance L 1 linearly increases, and the 5th diode D7 ends, and the 12 resistance R12 is powered by the second electric capacity C2; When the second triode Q2, the 3rd firm conducting of triode Q3, then have wherein, L is the induction reactance value of the first inductance L 1, i l1for flowing through the current value of the first inductance L 1, V infor the input voltage of DC voltage booster circuit; When the second triode Q2, the 3rd triode Q3 conducting are about to cut-off, the electric current of the first inductance L 1 reaches maximum i l1MAX, so in the second triode Q2, the 3rd triode Q3 conduction period, the electric current increment Δ i of the first inductance L 1 l1 (+)for: wherein, K is the duty ratio of square-wave pulse signal, T sfor the cycle of square-wave pulse signal, T oNfor the ON time in square-wave pulse signal one-period;
When the second comparator U2 has just started output low level, the second triode Q2 has transferred cut-off to by conducting, and the 3rd triode Q3 transfers cut-off to by conducting, the input voltage V of DC voltage booster circuit incut-off input, the electric current of the first inductance is by the 5th diode D7 afterflow, and the energy storage of the first inductance L 1 is shifted to the 12 resistance R12 and the second electric capacity C2, now i l1linear reduction, then have wherein, L is the induction reactance value of the first inductance L 1, i l1for flowing through the current value of the first inductance L 1, u o1for the instant output voltage of DC voltage booster circuit; When the second comparator U2 starts to be changed to high level by low level, namely the second triode Q2, the 3rd triode Q3 are when final time, i l1reach minimum current i l1min, u o1become the output voltage U of DC voltage booster circuit 01, then at the second triode Q2, between the 3rd triode Q3 off period, the electric current decrease Δ i of the first inductance L 1 l1 (-)pass be: wherein, K is the duty ratio of square-wave pulse signal, T sfor the cycle of square-wave pulse signal, T oNfor the ON time in square-wave pulse signal one-period;
When steady operation, the second comparator U2 exports the electric current increment Δ i of the first inductance between high period l1 (+)equal the electric current decrease Δ i of the first inductance during the second comparator U2 output low level l1 (-), by can push away, the output voltage U of DC voltage booster circuit 01with input voltage V inpass is: k is the duty ratio of square-wave pulse signal;
Described direct current is adjustable, and voltage stabilizing circuit comprises the 3rd comparator U3, the in-phase end of the 3rd comparator U3 connects the positive pole that voltage stabilizing value is the 3rd voltage-stabiliser tube D8 of 4.7V, the positive pole of the 3rd voltage-stabiliser tube D8 connects the output of described DC voltage booster circuit by the 13 resistance R13, the end of oppisite phase of the 3rd comparator U3 connects the upper end of the 14 resistance R14, the output of the 3rd comparator U3 connects the base stage of the 4th triode Q4, 4th triode Q4 adopts PNP type triode, the collector electrode of the 4th triode Q4 connects the output of described DC voltage booster circuit, the emitter of the 4th triode Q4 connects by the second potentiometer R_2, the upper end of the series circuit that the 14 resistance R14 is in series, the sliding end of the second potentiometer R_2 is connected with the emitter of the 4th triode Q4, regulating the sliding end position of the second potentiometer R_2, can change the output voltage of described series circuit, is also the output voltage U of the adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit of direct current 02size, according to the 3rd comparator U3 form negative-feedback circuit, when in-phase end voltage U 3+with end of oppisite phase voltage U 3-time equal, due to can obtain wherein, U 3+be the stationary value 4.7V of the 3rd voltage-stabiliser tube D8, R14 be the 14 resistance, R ' _ 2 are the lower end resistance of the relative sliding end of the second potentiometer R_2,
The output voltage of described DC voltage booster circuit the input voltage V of DC voltage booster circuit interminal voltage 6V for batteries deducts the conduction voltage drop 0.7V of the second diode D2, first triode Q1 and the 3rd triode Q3 does not have conduction voltage drop in complete conducting situation, when the output output low level of the first comparator U1, first triode Q1 conducting of positive-negative-positive, the emitter and collector of the first triode Q1 has the big current from batteries to flow through, therefore the first triode Q1 has big current to flow through complete conducting, and in order to make the complete conducting of the 3rd triode Q3, adding the second triode Q2 makes the second triode Q2 and the 3rd triode Q3 form multiple tube, when adjustable circuit and square-wave exports high level, second triode Q2 conducting of NPN type, the collector and emitter conducting output low level of the second triode Q2, 3rd triode Q3 conducting of positive-negative-positive, the emitter and collector of the 3rd triode Q3 has the big current from batteries to flow through, so the 3rd triode Q3 has big current to flow through complete conducting, because the first triode Q1 and the 3rd triode Q3 all has big current to flow through complete conducting, therefore the first triode Q1 and the 3rd triode Q3 does not have conduction voltage drop, the input voltage V of DC voltage booster circuit interminal voltage 6V for batteries deducts the conduction voltage drop 0.7V of the second diode D2, is also V infor 5.3V, so the output voltage of DC voltage booster circuit U 01 = 5.3 R ′ _ 1 + R 9 R 10 ;
The output voltage of described direct current is adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit u 3+be the stationary value 4.7V of the 3rd voltage-stabiliser tube D8, the first potentiometer R_1 and the second potentiometer R_2 is made to form the equal duplex adjustable potentiometer of resistance, like this can the change of sliding end of adjusted in concert first potentiometer R_1 and the second potentiometer R_2, make R ' _ 1=R ' _ 2, make R10=R15 to make U simultaneously 01and U 02denominator equal, owing to arranging R9=R10 in adjustable circuit and square-wave, therefore R9=R10=R15, due to u 01coefficient 5.3 be greater than U 02coefficient 4.7, other parts are identical, therefore the output voltage U of the adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit of direct current 02all the time the output voltage U of DC voltage booster circuit is less than 01, achieve the voltage stabilizing that the adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit of direct current is final, duplex adjustable potentiometer adopts 100K Ω duplex adjustable potentiometer, and arranges R15=2K Ω, brings U into 02formula in obtain U 02maximum be 240V, and U 02minimum value be that (in k=50% not boosting situation, the terminal voltage 6V of batteries deducts the conduction voltage drop 0.7V of the second diode for the output voltage 5.3V of the adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit of direct current in DC voltage booster circuit not boosting situation, first triode Q1, 3rd triode Q3, the complete conducting of 4th triode Q4 does not have conduction voltage drop), due to the head end output voltage of the adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit of direct current and tail end output voltage stable not, therefore the regulated output voltage of the adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit of direct current will remove unstable head end output voltage and tail end output voltage, the regulated output voltage scope arranging the adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit of direct current is 10V-230V, also namely the regulated output voltage scope of solar DC boosting voltage stabilizing charge power supply is 10V-230V, the output of direct current is adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit connects the storage battery to be charged of electronic equipment, is connected to the load R of the output of the adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit of direct current in Fig. 2 lfor the storage battery to be charged of electronic equipment.
In the present embodiment, the resistance of described first resistance R1 is 140k Ω, and the resistance of the second resistance R2 is 250k Ω.It is larger that the resistance of the first resistance R1 and the second resistance R2 is established, and is that the electric energy of solar cell V1 is all for charging to batteries V2 in order to prevent solar cell V1 from flowing in voltage collection circuit the electric energy that batteries V2 charges.
In the present embodiment, the resistance of described 5th resistance R5, the 7th resistance R7, the 8th resistance R8 is equal is 100k Ω, and the resistance of described 9th resistance R9, the tenth resistance R10, the 14 resistance R14 is equal is 2k Ω.
Described first comparator U1 adopts chip LM393, and the second comparator U2 adopts chip LM358, and the 3rd comparator U3 adopts chip LM358.
The overall work principle of the present embodiment: solar DC boosting voltage stabilizing charge power supply, comprises solar cell, batteries, short of electricity protective circuit, adjustable circuit and square-wave, the DC voltage booster circuit connected successively, direct current is adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit; Described solar cell V1 is used for opto-electronic conversion, and the electric energy of solar cell V1 opto-electronic conversion is that batteries V2 charges, and the nominal voltage of batteries V2 is 6V; Described short of electricity protective circuit is by being connected to the voltage of the first voltage acquisition point A and the accurate voltage compare of end group in the same way of the first comparator U1 of the voltage collection circuit of the end of oppisite phase of the first comparator U1, realize when the terminal voltage of described batteries V1 is lower than 5.7V, the electric discharge of cut-off batteries V1; Described adjustable circuit and square-wave adopts homophase hysteresis comparator, the output being realized the second comparator U2 by the charging and discharging of the first electric capacity C1 being connected to homophase hysteresis comparator end of oppisite phase alternately exports high level and low level, the high level alternately exported and low level form the adjustable square-wave pulse signal of duty ratio, duty ratio K>=50% of square-wave pulse signal; Described DC voltage booster circuit is built into BOOST/BUCK step-up/step-down circuit, is realized the boosting of DC voltage booster circuit output, the output voltage of DC voltage booster circuit by the charging and discharging of the first inductance L 1 duplex adjustable potentiometer adopts 100K Ω duplex adjustable potentiometer duplex adjustable potentiometer, by regulating the resistance value of R ' _ 1, can realize the high multiple boosting of DC voltage booster circuit, to be applicable to the charging of all kinds of charging voltage particularly electronic equipment of high charge voltage; Described direct current is adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit realizes the real-time voltage stabilizing to DC voltage booster circuit by the adjusted in concert of duplex adjustable potentiometer, the output voltage of direct current is adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit r ' _ 2 of duplex adjustable potentiometer and R ' _ 1 adjusted in concert, can ensure U 02all the time U is less than 01so achieve the final voltage stabilizing of DC voltage booster circuit, the regulated output voltage scope of direct current is adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit is 10V-230V.
The present embodiment provides a kind of solar DC to boost voltage stabilizing charge power supply, its with nominal voltage be 6V batteries as electrical power storage element, regulated output voltage scope, between 10V-230V, can be the charging of the different electronic equipment of all kinds of charging voltage; The output voltage of solar DC boosting voltage stabilizing charge power supply is regulated by duplex adjustable potentiometer, this output voltage continuously adjustabe; The output voltage of DC voltage booster circuit duplex adjustable potentiometer adopts 100K Ω duplex adjustable potentiometer, by regulating the resistance value of R ' _ 1, can realize the high multiple boosting of DC voltage booster circuit, to be applicable to the charging of all kinds of charging voltage particularly electronic equipment of high charge voltage; The output voltage of direct current is adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit r ' _ 2 of duplex adjustable potentiometer and R ' _ 1 adjusted in concert, U 02all the time U is less than 01, the voltage stabilizing to DC voltage booster circuit can be realized; There is short of electricity protective circuit, when batteries Severe Power Shortage is to below 5.7V, the first triode cut-off, batteries is no longer powered; There is the first triode of anti-reverse charging and prevent batteries from connecing the second anti-triode, use safety; Adopt solar powered, energy-conserving and environment-protective, can real time charging when going out, charging is flexible; Solar energy conversion power storage in batteries, can store electrical energy for subsequent charge, solar recharging need not be passed through in real time.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. solar DC boosting voltage stabilizing charge power supply, is characterized in that: comprise solar cell, batteries, short of electricity protective circuit, adjustable circuit and square-wave, the DC voltage booster circuit connected successively, direct current is adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit;
Described solar cell is used for opto-electronic conversion, the electric energy that solar cell photoelectric is changed charges into batteries, solar cell prevents counter the first diode filled of electric energy to the charging circuit of batteries is connected with, the positive pole of the first diode connects the positive pole of solar cell, the negative pole of the first diode connects the positive pole of batteries, and the nominal voltage of described batteries is 6V;
Described short of electricity protective circuit comprises the voltage collection circuit be made up of the first resistance and the second resistant series, be connected with between described batteries and voltage collection circuit and prevent batteries reversal connection and the second diode damaging circuit, the positive pole of the second diode connects the positive pole of batteries, the negative pole of the second diode connects the input of voltage collection circuit, the resistance value ratio of described first resistance and the second resistance is 14 ﹕ 25, the first voltage acquisition point is formed between first resistance and the second resistance, described first voltage acquisition point connects the end of oppisite phase of the first comparator, the in-phase end of the first comparator connects the positive pole that voltage stabilizing value is first voltage-stabiliser tube of 3.2V, the positive pole of the first voltage-stabiliser tube connects the positive pole of described batteries by the 3rd resistance, first comparator is used for exporting high level when in-phase end voltage is greater than end of oppisite phase voltage, output low level when in-phase end voltage is less than end of oppisite phase voltage, the 4th resistance is connected with between the output of the first comparator and positive power source terminal, the output of the first comparator connects the base stage of the first triode, first triode adopts PNP type triode, PNP type triode conducting when base stage is low level, base stage end when being high level, the emitter of the first triode connects the negative pole of described second diode, and the collector electrode of the first triode connects the input of adjustable circuit and square-wave, described short of electricity protective circuit is used for when the terminal voltage of described batteries is lower than 5.7V, and the first comparator exports high level and closes the first triode, the electric discharge of cut-off batteries,
The resistance value ratio of the first resistance and the second resistance illustrates:
u v2for the terminal voltage of batteries, U d2be the conduction voltage drop of the second diode, the second diode is silicone tube diode, and its conduction voltage drop is 0.7V, R1 is the first resistance, and R2 is the second resistance, can be calculated, as R1 ﹕ R2=14 ﹕ 25, the voltage of the first voltage acquisition point is 3.2V, also namely as the terminal voltage U of batteries v2when being less than 5.7V, the voltage of the first voltage acquisition point will be less than 3.2V, so the in-phase end voltage of the first comparator is greater than end of oppisite phase voltage, the first comparator exports high level, closes the first triode into positive-negative-positive, the electric discharge of cut-off batteries;
Described adjustable circuit and square-wave comprises the second comparator, the in-phase end of the second comparator connects by the 5th resistance the positive pole that voltage stabilizing value is second voltage-stabiliser tube of 3.2V, the positive pole of the second voltage-stabiliser tube connects the collector electrode of described first triode by the 6th resistance, the end of oppisite phase of the second comparator connects the first electric capacity, the left end ground connection of the first electric capacity, the in-phase end of the second comparator connects the output of the second comparator by the 7th resistance, tie point between 5th resistance and the 7th resistance is by connection the 8th grounding through resistance, 5th resistance, 7th resistance, 8th resistance is equal, the output of the second comparator is by the first potentiometer, 9th resistance, and the 3rd first capacitor charging described in diode pair, first potentiometer has the sliding end of regulating resistance, first electric capacity is discharged to the output of the second comparator by the 4th diode and the tenth resistance, so be built into the homophase hysteresis comparator that has two kinds of in-phase end threshold voltages, two kinds of in-phase end threshold voltages are respectively the first in-phase end threshold voltage U t+and the second in-phase end threshold voltage U t-,
When whole circuit start moment, the right-hand member voltage of the first electric capacity is zero, the in-phase end of the second comparator is due to the existence of the second voltage-stabiliser tube, its in-phase end voltage is greater than end of oppisite phase voltage, second comparator exports high level, the output of the second comparator is by the first potentiometer, the 9th resistance and the 3rd diode pair first capacitor charging, and the right-hand member voltage of the first electric capacity increases gradually, when the first capacitor charging to right-hand member voltage is greater than the first in-phase end threshold voltage U of the second comparator t+time, second comparator output low level, now the right-hand member of the first electric capacity is discharged to the output of the second comparator by the 4th diode, the tenth resistance, and the right-hand member voltage of the first electric capacity reduces gradually, when the right-hand member voltage of the first electric capacity is decreased to the second in-phase end threshold voltage U being less than the second comparator t-time, the second comparator exports high level, and the output of the second comparator begins through again the right-hand member charging of the first potentiometer, the 9th resistance and the 3rd diode pair first electric capacity; So the output of the second comparator alternately exports high level and low level, and form the square-wave pulse signal that duty ratio is adjustable, the duty ratio K of square-wave pulse signal is the ratio of charge constant and charge constant and discharge time constant sum,
wherein, R9 is the 9th resistance, and R10 is the tenth resistance, and R ' _ 1 is the left end resistance of the relative sliding end of the first potentiometer R_1, arranges R9=R10, obtains when R ' _ 1 is 0 Ω, duty ratio K is minimum, so duty ratio K>=50%;
First in-phase end threshold voltage U of above-mentioned homophase hysteresis comparator is below described t+and the second in-phase end threshold voltage U t-how to calculate:
When whole circuit start moment, the first electric capacity does not start charging, and the in-phase end voltage of the second comparator is greater than end of oppisite phase voltage, and the second comparator output high level voltage is about 5V, now the first in-phase end threshold voltage U t+satisfy condition: wherein, U 2+be the high level voltage 5V of the output of the second comparator, U t+be the first in-phase end threshold voltage, U d4be the voltage stabilizing value 3.2V of the second voltage-stabiliser tube, R5=R7=R8, U after calculating t+=2.7V, when the first capacitor charging is to right-hand member voltage rise to U t+before, the second comparator exports high level; When the first capacitor discharge is to right-hand member voltage drop to U t-before, the second comparator output low level, now the second in-phase end threshold voltage U of the second comparator t-satisfy condition: wherein, U d4be the voltage stabilizing value 3.2V of the second voltage-stabiliser tube, R5=R7=R8, U after calculating t-=1.07V, when the first capacitor discharge is less than U to right-hand member voltage t-before, the second comparator output low level; So, when the right-hand member voltage of the first electric capacity is charged to U t+, the output of the second comparator becomes low level by high level, when the right-hand member tension discharge of the first electric capacity is to U t-time, the output of the second comparator becomes high level by low level;
Described DC voltage booster circuit comprises the second triode of cascade, 3rd triode, second triode adopts NPN type triode, 3rd triode adopts PNP type triode, the base stage of the second triode connects the output of described second comparator by the 11 resistance, the collector electrode of the second triode connects the base stage of the 3rd triode, the grounded emitter of the second triode, the emitter of the 3rd triode connects the collector electrode of described first triode, the collector electrode of the 3rd triode is by the first inductance ground connection, the two ends of the first inductance are parallel with the second electric capacity and the 12 resistance, second electric capacity connects the first inductance by the 5th diode, the positive pole of the 5th diode connects the negative pole of the second electric capacity, the negative pole of the 5th diode connects the upper end of the first inductance, described adjustable circuit and square-wave passes through the adjustable square-wave pulse signal of the second comparator output duty cycle, when square-wave pulse signal is in high level, second triode ON of DC voltage booster circuit, the collector electrode output low level of the second triode, so the 3rd triode ON, the collector and emitter of the 3rd triode is connected, and the emitter of the 3rd triode is to the first induction charging, when square-wave pulse signal is in low level, second triode cut-off of DC voltage booster circuit, the collector electrode of the second triode exports high level, so the 3rd triode cut-off, the collector electrode of the 3rd triode and emitter not conducting, the first inductance after charging starts electric discharge, so DC voltage booster circuit constitutes BOOST/BUCK step-up/step-down circuit, and the output voltage U of BOOST/BUCK step-up/step-down circuit 01also be the output voltage U of DC voltage booster circuit 01with input voltage V inpass is: k is the duty ratio of square-wave pulse signal, due to K>=50%, therefore dC voltage booster circuit realizes boost function, substitutes into the formula of aforementioned K, can obtain and output voltage U 01with input voltage V indirection is contrary, so DC voltage booster circuit realizes boosting by the resistance adjustment of the first potentiometer, hereinafter the first potentiometer and the second potentiometer constitute duplex adjustable potentiometer, duplex adjustable potentiometer adopts 100K Ω duplex adjustable potentiometer, within the scope of R ' _ 1≤100K Ω, can realize U 01the boosting of large multiple,
Below illustrate derivation:
Under described BOOST/BUCK step-up/step-down circuit is in the current continuity working condition of the first inductance, when the second comparator exports high level, the second triode ON, the 3rd triode ON, the input voltage V of DC voltage booster circuit inall be added on the first inductance, the electric current of the first inductance linearly increases, the 5th diode cut-off, and the 12 resistance is by the second capacitances to supply power; When the second triode, the 3rd firm conducting of triode, then have wherein, L is the induction reactance value of the first inductance, i l1for flowing through the current value of the first inductance, V infor the input voltage of DC voltage booster circuit; When the second triode, the 3rd triode ON are about to cut-off, the electric current of the first inductance reaches maximum i l1MAX, so during the second triode, the 3rd triode ON, the electric current increment Δ i of the first inductance l1 (+)for: wherein, K is the duty ratio of square-wave pulse signal, T sfor the cycle of square-wave pulse signal, T oNfor the ON time in square-wave pulse signal one-period;
When the second comparator has just started output low level, the second triode has transferred cut-off to by conducting, and the 3rd triode transfers cut-off to by conducting, the input voltage V of DC voltage booster circuit incut-off input, the electric current of the first inductance is by the 5th diode continuousing flow, and the energy storage of the first inductance is shifted to the 12 resistance and the second electric capacity, now i l1linear reduction, then have wherein, L is the induction reactance value of the first inductance, i l1for flowing through the current value of the first inductance, u o1for the instant output voltage of DC voltage booster circuit; When the second comparator starts to be changed to high level by low level, namely the second triode, the 3rd triode are when final time, i l1reach minimum current i l1min, u o1become the output voltage U of DC voltage booster circuit 01, then at the second triode, between the 3rd triode off period, the electric current decrease Δ i of the first inductance l1 (-)pass be: wherein, K is the duty ratio of square-wave pulse signal, T sfor the cycle of square-wave pulse signal, T oNfor the ON time in square-wave pulse signal one-period;
When steady operation, the second comparator exports the electric current increment Δ i of the first inductance between high period l1 (+)equal the electric current decrease Δ i of the first inductance during the second comparator output low level l1 (-), by can push away, the output voltage U of DC voltage booster circuit 01with input voltage V inpass is: k is the duty ratio of square-wave pulse signal;
Described direct current is adjustable, and voltage stabilizing circuit comprises the 3rd comparator, the in-phase end of the 3rd comparator connects the positive pole that voltage stabilizing value is the 3rd voltage-stabiliser tube of 4.7V, the positive pole of the 3rd voltage-stabiliser tube connects the output of described DC voltage booster circuit by the 13 resistance, the end of oppisite phase of the 3rd comparator connects the upper end of the 14 resistance, the output of the 3rd comparator connects the base stage of the 4th triode, 4th triode adopts PNP type triode, the collector electrode of the 4th triode connects the output of described DC voltage booster circuit, the emitter of the 4th triode connects by the second potentiometer, the upper end of the series circuit that the 14 resistant series is formed, the sliding end of the second potentiometer is connected with the emitter of the 4th triode, regulating the sliding end position of the second potentiometer, can change the output voltage of described series circuit, is also the output voltage U of the adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit of direct current 02size, according to the 3rd comparator composition negative-feedback circuit, when in-phase end voltage U 3+with end of oppisite phase voltage U 3-time equal, due to can obtain wherein, U 3+be the stationary value 4.7V of the 3rd voltage-stabiliser tube, R14 be the 14 resistance, R ' _ 2 are the lower end resistance of the relative sliding end of the second potentiometer,
The output voltage of described DC voltage booster circuit the input voltage V of DC voltage booster circuit interminal voltage 6V for batteries deducts the conduction voltage drop 0.7V of the second diode, first triode and the 3rd triode do not have conduction voltage drop in complete conducting situation, when the output output low level of the first comparator, first triode ON of positive-negative-positive, the emitter and collector of the first triode has the big current from batteries to flow through, therefore the first triode has big current to flow through complete conducting, and in order to make the complete conducting of the 3rd triode, adding the second triode makes the second triode and the 3rd triode form multiple tube, when adjustable circuit and square-wave exports high level, second triode ON of NPN type, the collector and emitter conducting output low level of the second triode, 3rd triode ON of positive-negative-positive, the emitter and collector of the 3rd triode has the big current from batteries to flow through, so the 3rd triode has big current to flow through complete conducting, because the first triode and the 3rd triode all have big current to flow through complete conducting, therefore the first triode and the 3rd triode do not have conduction voltage drop, the input voltage V of DC voltage booster circuit interminal voltage 6V for batteries deducts the conduction voltage drop 0.7V of the second diode, is also V infor 5.3V, so the output voltage of DC voltage booster circuit U 01 = 5.3 R ′ _ 1 + R 9 R 10 ;
The output voltage of described direct current is adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit u 3+be the stationary value 4.7V of the 3rd voltage-stabiliser tube, the first potentiometer and the second potentiometer is made to form the equal duplex adjustable potentiometer of resistance, like this can the change of sliding end of adjusted in concert first potentiometer and the second potentiometer, make R ' _ 1=R ' _ 2, make R10=R15 to make U simultaneously 01and U 02denominator equal, owing to arranging R9=R10 in adjustable circuit and square-wave, therefore R9=R10=R15, due to u 01coefficient 5.3 be greater than U 02coefficient 4.7, other parts are identical, therefore the output voltage U of the adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit of direct current 02all the time the output voltage U of DC voltage booster circuit is less than 01, achieve the voltage stabilizing that the adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit of direct current is final; Duplex adjustable potentiometer adopts 100K Ω duplex adjustable potentiometer, and arranges R15=2K Ω, brings U into 02formula in obtain U 02maximum be 240V, and U 02minimum value be the output voltage 5.3V of the adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit of direct current in DC voltage booster circuit not boosting situation, due to the head end output voltage of the adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit of direct current and tail end output voltage stable not, therefore the regulated output voltage of the adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit of direct current will remove unstable head end output voltage and tail end output voltage, the regulated output voltage scope arranging the adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit of direct current is 10V-230V, and also namely the regulated output voltage scope of solar DC boosting voltage stabilizing charge power supply is 10V-230V; The output of direct current is adjustable voltage stabilizing circuit connects the storage battery to be charged of electronic equipment.
2. solar DC boosting voltage stabilizing charge power supply as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the resistance of described first resistance is 140k Ω, the resistance of the second resistance is 250k Ω.
3. solar DC boosting voltage stabilizing charge power supply as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: the resistance of described 5th resistance, the 7th resistance, the 8th resistance is 2k Ω.
4. solar DC boosting voltage stabilizing charge power supply as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described first comparator adopts chip LM393, and the second comparator adopts chip LM358, and the 3rd comparator adopts chip LM358.
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CN106953378A (en) * 2017-02-27 2017-07-14 衢州职业技术学院 Self adaptation photovoltaic mains hybrid accumulator cell charging and discharging controller
CN108879803A (en) * 2017-05-10 2018-11-23 邓亚军 A kind of fast automatic bridging system of super low-power consumption heavy-current storage battery and implementation method
CN109450416A (en) * 2018-10-19 2019-03-08 福建和盛高科技产业有限公司 A kind of high-current low-voltage difference diode equivalent circuit based on metal-oxide-semiconductor
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CN106953378A (en) * 2017-02-27 2017-07-14 衢州职业技术学院 Self adaptation photovoltaic mains hybrid accumulator cell charging and discharging controller
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CN113364091A (en) * 2021-06-07 2021-09-07 上海空间电源研究所 Space lithium battery autonomous balance control system

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