CN104617384A - Patch antenna for generating vortex electric wave - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a patch antenna for generating vortex electric wave, belongs to the antenna technical field and solves the problem of the existing array antenna for generating vortex signal of taking big floor space and not convenient to place. The patch antenna for generating vortex electric wave comprises a dielectric substrate, a radiating surface and a grounding plane, the dielectric substrate is the insulating dielectric substrate having round or n-regular polygon shape, the front side is provided with the radiating surface, the back of the dielectric substrate is pasted with the grounding plane, the dielectric substrate, the radiating surface and the grounding plane are overlapped on centres, N feeding ports evenly distributed are arranged along the edge of the radiating surface, and N is greater than or equal to 4. The patch having centimetre-level radius is adopted for generating vortex electric wave different in topological charge, the structure is simple, the volume is small, easy to maintain, convenient for industrial mass production and useful for miniaturization and microminiaturization for vortex communication system.

Description

A kind of paster antenna producing vortex electric wave

Technical field

The invention belongs to antenna technical field, be specifically related to a kind of paster antenna producing vortex electric wave.

Background technology

Along with the continuous growth of wireless communication data business, capacity requirement improves constantly, and band resource is limited.Introduce orbital angular momentum, in theory can break through capacity bottleneck, significant for raising wireless communication capacity.Orbital angular momentum is an electromagnetic physical attribute, and its reflection electromagnetic wave changes around the phase place of the azimuth direction on the central axis of the direction of propagation.Orbital angular momentum is applied in the communications field, then in traditional signal, introduce the new degree of freedom, for the electromagnetic wave of certain frequency, easily extensible is that infinite multiple frequency is identical but carry the vortex electric wave of different orbital angular momentum in theory, these vortex electric waves have different eigenmodes, the characteristic value of eigenmodes differs in the address of academia, and common address is topological charge.Value due to topological charge has unlimited span, and vortex electric wave infinitely can promote message capacity in theory.2007, the electromagnetic wave of the low-frequency range by simulation demo such as Thid é carries orbital angular momentum, can be realized by array antenna, see Bo Thid é et al., " Utilization of photon orbitalangular momentum in the low-frequency radio domain, " Phys.Rev.Lett., vol.99, no.8, Aug.2007, pp.087701-1-087701-4.This research gives from emulation angle the feasibility producing vortex electric wave, but does not design concrete antenna.

2012, Fabrizio etc. utilize in real scene first the parabolic antenna of transformation produce topological charge be 1 vortex electric wave, experiment prove utilize vortex electric wave can improve message capacity when not increasing frequency range.See F.Tamburiniet al., " Encoding many channels on the same frequency throughradio vorticity:First experimental test, " NewJ.Phys., vol.14, no.3, Mar.2012, pp.033001-1-033001-17.

At present, usually be all utilize array antenna to produce vortex signal, array antenna is made up of multiple antenna element, each antenna element arranges symmetrically and evenly around z-axis, again by inputting same amplitude to every root antenna element, the driving voltage that same frequency phase place is different or electric current, suppose that first port initial phase is 0, other port phase is increasing or decreasing 2 π m/N successively, wherein m is topological charge, N is port sum, the vortex electric wave that topological charge is m can be produced, but aerial array needs the putting position carefully putting and need to safeguard antenna uniformly, use very inconvenient, and space is taken up an area large, be unfavorable for promoting the use of.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of paster antenna producing vortex electric wave, solve the existing array antenna generation vortex signal space that utilizes and take up an area large, to put inconvenience problem.

A kind of paster antenna producing vortex electric wave provided by the present invention, comprises medium substrate, radiating surface and ground plane, it is characterized in that:

Described medium substrate is shape is dielectric substrate that is circular or n-shaped, its front is pasted with radiating surface, the medium substrate back side is pasted with ground plane, described radiating surface is shape is metallic plate that is circular or n-shaped, described ground plane is also for shape is metallic plate that is circular or n-shaped, the center superposition of medium substrate, radiating surface and ground plane three, the radius of described radiating surface is r ₁, the radius of described ground plane is r ₂, $r_1=r{[1+\frac{2h}{\mathrm{\πr\ϵ}}(\ln \frac{\mathrm{\πr}}{2h}+1.7726)]}^{1/2},$ Wherein $r=1.841c/\left(2\mathrm{\πf}\sqrt{\mathrm{\ϵ}}\right),$ C is the light velocity, and ε is the dielectric constant of medium substrate, and h is the thickness of medium substrate, and unit mm, f are the operating frequency of antenna; r ₂=r ₁+ λ/4, wherein λ is operation wavelength;

Along described radiating surface edge, there is N number of equally distributed feed port, N >=4.

Described feed port can be made up of coaxial cable, and the inner wire of coaxial cable contacts completely with described radiating surface, and the outer conductor of coaxial cable contacts with described ground plane;

Described medium substrate can adopt FR4 medium substrate.

FR4 (Flame Retardant Type 4) medium substrate is the substrate be made up of the composite material of glass fibre and epoxy resin, has flame retardancy, is that art of printed circuit boards uses the widest material.

When the present invention works, exciting current or the driving voltage that amplitude is identical, frequency is identical, phase difference is followed successively by 2 π m/N is added respectively by giving N number of feed port of paster antenna, the vortex electric wave that topological charge is m can be produced, realize the transmitting that topological charge is the vortex electric wave of m, vortex electric wave phase place presents circumference clockwise or counterclockwise.Wherein topological charge m and feed port number N meet :-N/2<m<N/2, the positive and negative phase difference that determines of m is positive number or negative, determine that vortex electric wave presents clockwise or counter clockwise direction simultaneously, the number that only need increase feed port just can increase the topological charge numerical value m of vortex electric wave, thus launches the vortex electric wave of larger topological charge values.

Compared with the aerial array of existing generation vortex electric wave, the present invention adopts radius to be the vortex electric wave that the paster of Centimeter Level produces multiple different topology lotus, structure is simple, volume is little, be easy to maintenance, be convenient to industrialized mass production, is conducive to miniaturization and the microminiaturization of vortex communication system.

Accompanying drawing explanation

The end view that Fig. 1 (A) is the embodiment of the present invention 1;

The vertical view that Fig. 1 (B) is Fig. 1 (A);

The upward view that Fig. 1 (C) is Fig. 1 (A);

Fig. 1 (D) is for perpendicular to a certain plane electric fields on antenna propagation direction shown in embodiment 1;

Fig. 2 (A) executes the end view of example 2 for the present invention;

The vertical view that Fig. 2 (B) is Fig. 2 (A);

The upward view that Fig. 2 (C) is Fig. 2 (A);

Fig. 2 (D) is for perpendicular to a certain plane electric fields on antenna propagation direction shown in embodiment 2;

The end view that Fig. 3 (A) is the embodiment of the present invention 3;

The vertical view that Fig. 3 (B) is Fig. 3 (A);

The upward view that Fig. 3 (C) is Fig. 3 (A);

Fig. 3 (D) is for perpendicular to a certain plane electric fields on antenna propagation direction shown in embodiment 3.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.

As shown in Fig. 1 (A), Fig. 1 (B), Fig. 1 (C), embodiments of the invention 1, comprise medium substrate 10, radiating surface 20 and ground plane 30;

Described medium substrate 10 for shape be circular dielectric substrate, its front is pasted with radiating surface 20, medium substrate 10 back side is pasted with ground plane 30, described radiating surface 20 for shape be circular metallic plate, described ground plane 30 is also metallic plate that shape is circular, the center superposition of medium substrate 10, radiating surface 20 and ground plane 30 three, the radius r of described radiating surface 20 ₁for 16mm, the radius r of described ground plane 30 ₂for 39.8mm, $r_1=r{[1+\frac{2h}{\mathrm{\&pi;r\&epsiv;}}(\ln \frac{\mathrm{\&pi;r}}{2h}+1.7726)]}^{1/2},$ Wherein $r=1.841c/\left(2\mathrm{\&pi;f}\sqrt{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}\right),$ C is the light velocity, and ε is the dielectric constant of medium substrate, and h is the thickness of medium substrate, and unit mm, f are the operating frequency of antenna; r ₂=r ₁+ λ/4, wherein λ is operation wavelength;

Have 8 equally distributed feed port 21 along described radiating surface 20 edge, described feed port 21 is made up of coaxial cable, and the inner wire 21A of coaxial cable contacts completely with described radiating surface 20, and the outer conductor 21B of coaxial cable contacts with described ground plane 30;

Described medium substrate 10 adopts FR4 medium substrate, and the thickness h of medium substrate is 1.6mm.

Fig. 1 (D) is the present embodiment perpendicular to a certain plane electric fields on antenna propagation direction.

As shown in Fig. 2 (A), Fig. 2 (B), Fig. 2 (C), embodiments of the invention 2, comprise medium substrate 10, radiating surface 20 and ground plane 30; Only be with the difference of embodiment 1: described radiating surface 20 for shape be the metallic plate of positive 8 limit shapes.Fig. 2 (D) is the present embodiment perpendicular to a certain plane electric fields on antenna propagation direction.

As shown in Fig. 3 (A), Fig. 3 (B), Fig. 3 (C), embodiments of the invention 3, comprise medium substrate 10, radiating surface 20 and ground plane 30; Be with the difference of embodiment 1: described medium substrate 10 for shape be the dielectric substrate of positive 8 limit shapes, described radiating surface 20 for shape be the metallic plate of positive 8 limit shapes, described ground plane 30 is also metallic plate that shape is positive 8 limit shapes.Fig. 3 (D) is the present embodiment perpendicular to a certain plane electric fields on antenna propagation direction.

In above-mentioned three embodiments, shape, the size of ground plane 30 and medium substrate 10 are all identical, when reality manufactures, the shape of ground plane 30 and medium substrate 10, size need not be identical, if medium substrate 10 shape is for circular and ground plane 30 is n-shaped, or medium substrate 10 shape be n-shaped and ground plane 30 for circular, can not working effect be affected.

Claims (2)

1. produce a paster antenna for vortex electric wave, comprise medium substrate (10), radiating surface (20) and ground plane (30), it is characterized in that:

Described medium substrate (10) for shape be circular or the dielectric substrate of n-shaped, its front is pasted with radiating surface (20), medium substrate (10) back side is pasted with ground plane (30), described radiating surface (20) for shape be circular or the metallic plate of n-shaped, described ground plane (30) is also for shape is metallic plate that is circular or n-shaped, the center superposition of medium substrate (10), radiating surface (20) and ground plane (30) three, the radius of described radiating surface (20) is r ₁, the radius of described ground plane (30) is r ₂, $r_1=r[1+\frac{2h}{\mathrm{\&pi;r\&epsiv;}}(\ln \frac{\mathrm{\&pi;r}}{2h}+1.7726){]}^{1/2},$ Wherein $r=1.841c/\left(2\mathrm{\&pi;f}\sqrt{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}\right),$ C is the light velocity, and ε is the dielectric constant of medium substrate, and h is the thickness of medium substrate, and unit mm, f are the operating frequency of antenna; r ₂=r ₁+ λ/4, wherein λ is operation wavelength;

Along described radiating surface (20) edge, there is N number of equally distributed feed port (21), N >=4.

2. paster antenna as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:

Described feed port 21 is made up of coaxial cable, and the inner wire (21A) of coaxial cable contacts completely with described radiating surface (20), and the outer conductor (21B) of coaxial cable contacts with described ground plane (30).