CN104616581B - Plane mechanism structured teaching analyzer - Google Patents
Plane mechanism structured teaching analyzer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104616581B CN104616581B CN201410825993.6A CN201410825993A CN104616581B CN 104616581 B CN104616581 B CN 104616581B CN 201410825993 A CN201410825993 A CN 201410825993A CN 104616581 B CN104616581 B CN 104616581B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/02—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of industrial processes; of machinery
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Abstract
Plane mechanism structured teaching analyzer belongs to technical field of teaching instruments, purpose be solve mechanical subject experimental teaching in experiment model it is single outmoded, shown using apparatus for optical projection not deep enough concrete, the characteristics of motion cannot be understood using mock-up static display, then the attached supporting structure of teaching aid is complicated, bulky for Dynamic Display, and can not do the problems such as explaining with hall.The present invention includes five parts；Passive constraint mechanism unit, single-degree-of-freedom mechanism unit, Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism unit, the low pairs replacing high pair unit of plane mechanism and dynamic branch unit, five described units are fixed on base plate.The present invention integrates motion demonstrating and starts to probe into, and can bring classroom into carries out the teaching of the aspects such as the composition of plane mechanism, the moving condition of plane mechanism, the computational methods of mechanism freedom, the drafting of kinematic sketch of mechanism, the analysis of mechanism structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of teaching aid, more particularly to a kind of structural analysis of mechanical subject plane mechanism and exploration instrument, category
In technical fields such as plane mechanism, mechanical subject teaching, Popular Science Education exhibitions.
Background technology
Teaching aid is the teaching material of special shape, the assistant of teacher, and the friend of student is one of school's conditions for running a school.Additionally, it
Also one unique function, that is, in addition to supporting regular education activities, be good at intergrating with practice.Teachers and students are in religion
Can not only learned knowledge using teaching aid during, moreover it is possible to temper technical ability, be able to " using one's hands and brains, hand brain is used in combination ".Therefore, it can
Preaching tool is to push ahead with education for all-around development, and cultivates the necessary condition of initiative spirit and the ability of practice.
The reform of 21 century teaching aid is with In Carrying Out All-round Education as core, to implement based on innovative education and practical education
Educational pattern, but in educational development now, there are still problems.In mechanical subject experimental teaching, experiment
Pattern is single outmoded, and teacher specifies unified syllabus, unified necessary instrument, unified experimental teaching material etc., experimental teaching
Often teacher carefully designs experiment purpose, content, step in detail, and student simply mechanically tests, and is then perfunctory to
Complete laboratory report, it is impossible to the enjoyment by testing solve problem is found in experimental exploring, thus the experimental skill of student shows
Obtain pale narrow, lack exploration and novelty.
Mainly there are two kinds currently used for the teaching aid of mechanical subject plane mechanism study, one kind is to utilize apparatus for optical projection,
As projecting apparatus is shown.But this method can only plane feeling institution motion situation, it is impossible to allow student deeply
Its border is directly started the kinetic characteristic for probing into plane mechanism, and teaching efficiency can not show a candle to object visual.Second is using in kind
Model, compared to image shows good visual effect, but the instrument in presently commercially available and laboratory or be static display, such as machinery religion
Tool showcase, many typical mechanisms is displayed in glass cabinet, it is impossible to understand the characteristics of motion, dull；Or be Dynamic Display,
Such as bar component analysis apparatus, explanation knowledge is single, the supporting unrelated complex structure such as attached electronic circuit, bulky, cost
It is high, class demonstration instrument is not suitable as, while this kind of device integrated level is low, it is to explain plane mechanism knowledge comprehensively to need multiple stage
Device, cost performance are too low.
Although people are constantly improved to this, as the problems referred to above can not be solved, machinery is limited
The innovation and popularization of subject plane mechanism teaching aid, have impact on effective development of mechanical subject teaching and the attraction of related popularization exhibitions
Power and influence power.The analysis of mechanical planarization mechanism structure is the rudimentary knowledge in university's rote teaching, is to go deep into mechanical subject study
Precondition, therefore coordinate the intuitively understanding of object visual reinforcing student, to excite the interest of student to have highly important
Meaning.In order to improve the learning efficiency of Students ' Learning mechanical subject plane mechanism, excite student mechanical field probe into power and
Creativity, for new mechanical subject plane mechanism teaching aid has urgent demand.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of based on plane mechanism structured teaching analysis teaching aid, and main purpose is to solve present classroom
The teaching of plane mechanism structural analysis can only be carried out with video-projection in teaching, it is impossible to reach the teaching efficiency of object visual；
Common mechanical teaching aid showcase in institution of higher education laboratory, the static plain dullness of mechanism's explanation knowledge；Sell currently on the market
The dynamic teaching aid sold, explanation knowledge point are single, and integrated level is low, while bulky costly.Present configuration is compact to be easy to
Carry, cover multiple knowledge points of plane mechanism structural analysis, integrate motion demonstrating and independent thought of starting, can bring into
Classroom carries out the composition of plane mechanism, the moving condition of plane mechanism, the computational methods of mechanism freedom, kinematic sketch of mechanism
The teaching of the aspects such as drafting, the analysis of mechanism structure, effectively improves the learning efficiency and learning interest of student, while can be used for
Mechanical subject popularization exhibitions, improve the attraction of exhibition.
To achieve these goals, the invention mainly comprises five parts:Passive constraint mechanism unit, single-degree-of-freedom mechanism list
Unit, the low pairs replacing high pair unit of Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism unit, plane mechanism and dynamic branch unit, five described units are fixed
On base plate.The present invention drives all mechanisms using 3 12V direct current generators, wherein with a big motor drive passive constraint mechanism,
The mechanism of single-degree-of-freedom, and the part in Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism, this part is ingenious to be driven with three synchronizing wheels,
Realize the shunting of power；One motor drives another part of Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism；Another motor drives plane mechanism
Low pairs replacing high pair part.
The passive constraint mechanism unit, is referred to as passive constraint to the constraint that mechanism kinematic does not actually provide constraints, in machine
In the freedom calculation teaching process of structure, this be easily make a mistake where, therefore be the heavy difficult point in teaching process.Now
Teaching in the main method using video-projection being imparted knowledge to students, teaching efficiency is barely satisfactory, no object visual it is directly perceived
Deeply.
This element explains void about based on the train wheel that everybody knows well in order to allow teaching aid more closing to reality to live
Beam.Rationally adding in train wheel mechanism to increase the device for removing passive constraint, mechanism kinematic is brought by whetheing there is passive constraint
Difference, the important function of the prominent passive constraint of contrast allows classmates to deepen the understanding to passive constraint.The rotation of train wheel is to pass through
Motor drives Timing Belt to rotate, and the rotation of Timing Belt has driven the optical axis with train wheel interference fit to rotate, so as to drive fire
The rotation of wheel driving wheel, finally drives driven pulley motion.Addition removes passive constraint and adopts hands-on, middle passive constraint bar
Bearing is fixed on two slide blocks, and slide block be free to movement again on optical axis, limits freely moving for slide block using limited block
It is dynamic, when passive constraint (intermediate bar) is removed, only the limited block behind middle rod bearing need to be taken before bearing；It is empty about in addition
Shu Shi, only need to take the limited block before middle rod bearing behind bearing.In middle passive constraint bar insertion connecting rod corresponding aperture
In, that is, when there is the situation of passive constraint, train wheel operates steadily regular.After removing passive constraint, in four bar lap positions, from
Dynamic crank occurs the possibility for rotating round about, and its movement locus has uncertainty, so interferes with train wheel
Normal rotation, this has to be avoided in real life, not so can the great impact of opposite generation life birth life.
The single-degree-of-freedom unit, the driving link of this mechanism is a disk, and the radius of disk is exactly the length of driving link.
Disk and optical axis interference fit, drive synchronous pulley to rotate by motor, rotate drive by Timing Belt same with disk common optical axis
Step belt wheel is rotated, and so as to drive the rotation of optical axis, this mechanism moves like this.Due to the compound hinges of mechanism it is excessive, respectively
Rod member is it is difficult to ensure that unobstructed in the same plane motion, so each connecting portion is riveted tightly using rivet, has abandoned traditional spiral shell
Bolt is fixed.The material of rod member adopts plastic plate, and plastic plate is sawn into the length of needs, and the thickness at plastic bar two ends is interior thickness
1/2, so can ensure that each rod member is moved in same level.
This element is mainly used in demonstration single-degree-of-freedom mechanism kinematic situation, explains this mechanism freedom calculating and mechanism's level
Do not judge.When the free degree is calculated, isolated degree of freedom, compound hinges, 3 points of passive constraint are noted, remove passive constraint part, then
Compound hinges is computed correctly, then has (3-1=2) individual rotation pair, calculating the free degree has：F=3n-2P1-Ph=3 × 7-2 × 10=
1.When organizational level judges, according to following three step：Calculate the free degree of mechanism and determine driving link；Low pairs replacing high pair, removal office
Portion's free degree and passive constraint；Start to tear bar group open from the position away from driving link, II grade of bar group is torn in examination first open, and the bar group pulled down is certainly
By spend be zero Basic renewal theorem, last remaining driving link number is equal with number of degrees of freedom,.Only one, this mechanism can be obtained
Driving link (Jian mechanisms) and three II grade of bar groups, it is possible to reach a conclusion, this mechanism is II grade of mechanism.
The two degrees of freedom unit, this part adopt big screening mechanism, have two driving links, respectively disk and cam part
Point, output par, c is the slide block moved along optical axis guide rail.In order that compact conformation, reduces the quantity of motor, it is easy to control, in fire
First driving link-disk of one end interference fit of wheel optical axis, its radius is exactly the length of driving link.Another driving link is adopted
Force-closed cam mechanism is used, the reciprocating power of roller is provided with stage clip, so ensure that component is done in chute
Linear reciprocating motion.First driving link drives synchronizing wheel to rotate by big motor, is driven by Timing Belt coaxial with disk same
Step belt wheel is rotated, so as to disc-rotated；Second driving link, is driven by the small machine being directly connected to cam.Control respectively
The motion respectively of two driving links of system and simultaneously motion, are able to observe that the motion conditions of slide block change, so as to probe into two
The kinetic characteristic of free degree mechanism.
This element is mainly used in demonstration Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism motion conditions, explains this mechanism freedom calculating and mechanism's level
Do not judge.When the free degree is calculated, this mechanism's cam is an isolated degree of freedom with the motion of roller, and the effect of roller is handle
Sliding friction is converted to rolling friction, so roller is solidificated on the component of supporting roller, removes isolated degree of freedom.To also note
Anticipate at two compound hinges at passive constraint and, its free degree formula is：F=3n-2P1-Ph=3 × 7-2 × 9-1=2.Entering
When row organizational level judges, the free degree of the mechanism is 2, and contains isolated degree of freedom and passive constraint.Contained by removing first
Passive constraint, then by the way of low pairs replacing high pair, carries two low secondary planes with one the higher pair between cam and roller
Component replacing, when bar group is split, it should be noted that first have to two driving links to split away, then split successively, can obtain
It is II grade of mechanism to this mechanism.
The plane mechanism low pairs replacing high pair unit, this part mainly include, for verifying the high slave of low pairs replacing high pair characteristic
Structure and double-crank low counter gear, for the feed screw nut for showing two mechanism's output par, c kinetic characteristics and the display device that tests the speed.For
The instantaneity for avoiding low pairs replacing high pair from substituting, employs two disks, and two disk center of curvature wire lengths are not moved with disk
Change, therefore low counter gear equivalent therewith can be reduced to a double-crank mechanism.The output par, c of Liang Ge mechanisms point
It is not connected with screw mandrel, the nut optical axis on screw mandrel limits its rotation.The other end of screw mandrel is respectively fixedly connected with plastic disc simultaneously, circle
Small magnet is inlaid with disk, drives small magnet to rotate during disk rotational, so as to the rotating speed of screw mandrel is measured by Hall switch, finally
In registration screen display reading.Rotated by gear driven optical axis by motor, so as to drive the higher pair mechanism that is connected with optical axis and
Double-crank mechanism is moved, and the output par, c of Liang Ge mechanisms drives screw mandrel to rotate, and the nut on screw mandrel is moved along screw mandrel, and numeral is aobvious
Show the situation of change of screen display screw mandrel rotating speed.
The active part of this element Zhong Liangge mechanisms is connected with same axle, it is ensured that have identical input speed, is being rotated
When it is observed that nut situation of movement is basically identical, the reading on digital display screen is basically identical.Student is allowed by the shape of experiment
Formula, measures the rotating speed of higher pair mechanism and low counter gear output par, c, shows both movement relations by experimental data, so as to straight
See the equivalent mechanism of the form and mechanism kinematic situation of the performance low pairs replacing high pair for understanding.
Beneficial effect：
1st, to carry out plane mechanism teaching in effectively compensate for now teaching with video-projection not lively directly perceived enough for the present invention,
Allow the elusive defect of student.
2nd, the present invention efficiently solves the problems, such as that the knowledge of existing static mechanics explanation is plain dull.
3rd, the present invention effectively solves the dynamic teaching aid sold currently on the market, and explanation knowledge point is single, and integrated level is low,
Simultaneously bulky costly the problems such as.
4th, the present invention both can be used as the teaching aid of mechanical correlated curriculum, and can also be positioned over the places such as science and technology center carries out science popularization exhibition
Look at, have broad application prospects, it is intellectual, interesting strong.
5th, proposition creative for the first time in the present invention adopts mechanism's explanation passive constraint knowledge in kind and low pairs replacing high pair knowledge,
By abstract knowledge image, lower learning difficulty, improve learning efficiency.
6th, the present invention is by four representative mechanisms, the detailed theory of constitution and structure that summarise plane mechanism
All knowledge points of analysis, including：The kinematic pair of form of ownership, the drafting of kinematic sketch of mechanism, the calculating of the free degree, office
The form of portion's free degree, the identification of compound hinges, the effect of passive constraint, how low pairs replacing high pair, how correctly to divide bar group etc., energy
Carry out the explanation completely of plane mechanism partial knowledge.
7th, in four parts of the invention, that is, there is contrast to project, have mutually control to supplement again；Rationally, layout is new for manufacture selection
Grain husk, student can acquire in happy viewing and admiring by smoothly visual illustration, deepens the understanding to knowledge point with note
Recall.
8th, hands-on of the present invention is strong, using suitable aluminium section bar as base plate, is dispersed with slideway above, there is provided enough
Many rod members and bearing, are available for student resource dismounting assembling, splice various forms of mechanisms.
Therefore the present invention is suitable to the places such as university student's Teaching of Courses Concerning Mechanical Engineering and science and technology center carries out popularization exhibitions, with wide
Wealthy application prospect.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the figure dynamic branch cell schematics of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the passive constraint mechanism unit schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the single-degree-of-freedom mechanism unit schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is that the Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism unit of the present invention is illustrated；
Fig. 6 is the low pairs replacing high pair cell schematics of the present invention；
Wherein, 1- dynamic branch unit, 2- passive constraint mechanism units, 3- single-degree-of-freedom mechanism units, 4- two degrees of freedom machines
Structure unit, 5- low pairs replacing high pair units.
101- motors 1,102- shaft couplings 1,103- support base A1,104- support base A2,105- major axis 1,106- short axles 1,
107- synchronous pulleys 1,108- synchronous pulleys 2,109- Timing Belts, 110- support base A3,111- bearing blocks 1,112- support base A4,
113- synchronous pulleys 3,114- support base A5,115- major axis 2.
201- disks 1,202- passive constraints mechanism bar 1,203- passive constraints mechanism bar 2,204- disks 2,205- short axles 2,
206- support base B1,207- limited blocks, 208- slide blocks 1,209- support base B2,210- guide rails 1,211- guide rails 2,212- support bases
B3。
301- disks 3,302- single-degree-of-freedoms mechanism bar 1,303- single-degree-of-freedoms mechanism bar 2,304- single-degree-of-freedoms mechanism bar
3A, 305- single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 3B, 306- single-degree-of-freedoms mechanism bar 4A, 307- single-degree-of-freedoms mechanism bar 4B, 308- mono- is freely
Degree mechanism bar 5A, 309- single-degree-of-freedoms mechanism bar 5B, 310- single-degree-of-freedoms mechanism bar 6,311- fixed plates.
401- motors 2,402- shaft couplings 2,403- support base C1,404- support base C2,405- cam mechanisms, 406- pressures
Spring, 407- support base C3,408- Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism bar Isosorbide-5-Nitrae 09- support base C4,410- support base C5,411- guide rails 3,412-
Slide block 2,413- support base C6,414- Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanisms bar 4,415- Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanisms bar 2,416- Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism bars
3,417- disks 4.
501- motors 3,502- motor housings, 503- spur gears pair, 504- low pairs replacing high pairs disk 1,505- power transmission shafts 2,506-
Low pairs replacing high pair disk 2,507- power transmission shafts 1,508- bevel gears are to 1,509- power transmission shafts 3,510- gear-boxes 2,511- bevel gears pair
3,512- shaft couplings 4,513- support columns 4,514- screw mandrels 2,515- support columns 5,516- thin bars 2,517- nuts 2,518- Halls
2,519- of switch support columns 6,520- tachometer discs 2,521- digital display screens 1,522- digital display screens 2,523- tachometer discs 1,
524- support columns 3,525- Hall switch 1,526- thin bars 1,527- nuts 1,528- support columns 2,529- screw mandrels 1,530- shaft couplings
Section 3,531- support column 1,532- bevel gears are double to 2,533- gear-box 1,534- hyperbolic shank 3,535- hyperbolics shank 2,536-
Toggle-action lever 1.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings embodiments of the present invention are described further.
Referring to accompanying drawing 1, the invention mainly comprises five parts；Passive constraint mechanism unit, single-degree-of-freedom mechanism unit, two from
By degree mechanism unit, the low pairs replacing high pair unit of plane mechanism and dynamic branch unit, five described units are fixed on base plate
On.
Referring to accompanying drawing 2, the dynamic branch unit includes：Motor 1 (101), shaft coupling 1 (102), support base A1 (103),
Support base A2 (104), major axis 1 (105), short axle 1 (106), synchronous pulley 1 (107), synchronous pulley 2 (108), Timing Belt
(109), support base A3 (110), bearing block 1 (111), support base A4 (112), synchronous pulley 3 (113), support base A5 (114),
Major axis 2 (115).The motor 1 (101) is 12V direct current generators, is fixed on base plate by support base A1 (103).The short axle 1
(106) one end is by shaft coupling 1 (102) and 1 (101) output shaft fixed connection of motor, the other end and the cooperation of bearing block 1 (111), bearing block
1 (111) is connected with base plate.The synchronous pulley 1 (107) is connected with short axle 1 (106), synchronous pulley 2 (108) and major axis 1
(105) it is connected, synchronous pulley 3 (113) is connected with major axis 2 (115), and three synchronous pulleys are matched somebody with somebody with Timing Belt (109) respectively
Close.1 (105) two ends of the major axis are coordinated with bearing block, and bearing block is separately fixed at support base A2 (104) and support base A3
(110), on, two support bases are connected with base plate respectively.2 (115) two ends of the major axis are coordinated with bearing block, and bearing block is solid respectively
It is scheduled on support base A4 (112) and support base A5 (114), two support bases are connected with base plate respectively.The described motor 1 of connection
(101), can pass through described Timing Belt (109) drives described major axis 1 (105) and major axis 2 (115) to rotate, and realizes power
Shunting.
Referring to accompanying drawing 3, the passive constraint mechanism unit includes：Disk 1 (201), passive constraint mechanism bar 1 (202), passive constraint
Mechanism's bar 2 (203), disk 2 (204), short axle 2 (205), support base B1 (206), limited block (207), slide block 1 (208) are supported
Seat B2 (209), guide rail 1 (210), guide rail 2 (211), support base B3 (212).The disk 1 (201) is connected with major axis 1 (105),
Passive constraint mechanism bar 1 (202) and 1 (201) hinge of disk, disk 2 (204) and 1 (202) hinge of passive constraint mechanism bar, disk 2
(204) it is connected with short axle 2 (205), short axle 2 (205) is coordinated with bearing block, bearing block is fixed on support base B1 (206), supports
Seat B1 (206) is connected with base plate.Passive constraint mechanism bar 2 (203) and 1 (208) hinge of slide block, slide block 1 (208) and guide rail 1
(210) coordinate with guide rail 2 (211), guide rail 1 (210) is connected with base plate by support base B2 (206), and guide rail 2 (211) is by support base
B3 (212) is fixed with base plate, and limited block (207) is inserted between guide rail 1 (210) and guide rail 2 (211).When the major axis 1 (105)
During rotation, whole mechanism kinematic can be driven by disk 1 (201)；Limited block (207) is inserted in behind slide block 1 (208), by void
In the hole of the insertion passive constraint of constraint mechanism bar 2 (203) mechanism bar 1 (202), passive constraint can be added；Limited block (207) is inserted in
Before slide block 1 (208), passive constraint mechanism bar 2 (203) is pulled out from the hole of passive constraint mechanism bar 1 (202), void can be removed
Constraint, by the movement differential before and after contrast passive constraint, deeply understands the important function of passive constraint.
Accompanying drawing 4 is participated in, the single-degree-of-freedom mechanism unit includes：Disk 3 (301), single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 1 (302), one
Free degree mechanism bar 2 (303), single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 3A (304), single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 3B (305), single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar
4A (306), single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 4B (307), single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 5A (308), single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 5B (309), one
Free degree mechanism bar 6 (310), fixed plate (311).The disk 3 (301) is connected with major axis 2 (115), single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 1
(302) with 3 (301) hinge of disk, 2 (303) one end of single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar and 1 (302) hinge of single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar are another
End and single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 3A (304) and single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 3B (305) hinge.Single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 3A (304) with
Single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 4A (306) and single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 5A (308) hinge, single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 4A (306) and fixation
Plate (311) hinge；Single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 3B (305) and single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 4B (307) and single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 5B
(309) hinge, single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 4B (307) and fixed plate (311) hinge.Single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 5A (308) and one is certainly
By degree mechanism bar 5B (309) and 6 (310) hinge of single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar, fixed plate (311) is connected with base plate.When major axis 2
(115), when rotating, whole mechanism kinematic can be driven by disk 3 (301), so as to carry out probing into for single-degree-of-freedom relevant knowledge.
Referring to accompanying drawing 5, the Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism unit includes：Motor 2 (401), shaft coupling 2 (402), support base C1
(403), support base C2 (404), cam mechanism (405), stage clip (406), support base C3 (407), Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism bar 1
(408), support base C4 (409), support base C5 (410), guide rail 3 (411), slide block 2 (412), support base C6 (413), two freely
Degree mechanism bar 4 (414), Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism bar 2 (415), Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism bar 3 (416), disk 4 (417).The motor 2
(401) it is 12V direct current generators, is connected with base plate by support base C1 (403), cam is solid with motor 2 (401) by shaft coupling 2 (402)
Even, while being supported by support base C2 (404), support base C2 (404) is connected with base plate.Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism bar 1 (408) is by supporting
Seat C3 (407) and support base C4 (409) are supported, and two support bases are connected with base plate, and roller is arranged on Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism bar 1
(408) end, stage clip (406) is between roller and support base C3 (407), it is ensured that roller moment and cam engagement, i.e. structure
Into a force-closed cam mechanism (405).2 (415) one end of Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism bar and 1 (408) hinge of Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism bar,
The other end and 4 (414) hinge of Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism bar.Disk 4 (417) is connected with major axis 1 (105), Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism bar 3
(416) one end and 4 (417) hinge of disk, the other end and 4 (414) hinge of Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism bar, Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism bar 4
(414) with 2 (412) hinge of slide block, slide block 2 (412) is coordinated with guide rail 3 (411), guide rail 3 (411) by support base C5 (410) and
Support base C6 (413) is supported, and two support bases are connected with base plate.Connection motor 2 (401), major axis 1 (105) are remained stationary as, slide block
2 (412) are presented the first motion state；Major axis 1 (105) is rotated only, motor 2 (401) is not connected, and slide block 2 (412) is presented second
Plant motion state；Motor 2 (401) is connected simultaneously and major axis 1 (105) is rotated, and slide block 2 (412) is presented the motion of the third rule
State, the relevant knowledge for probing into Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism that can be visual in image.
Referring to accompanying drawing 6, the low pairs replacing high pair unit includes：Motor 3 (501), motor housing (502), spur gear to (503),
Low pairs replacing high pair disk 1 (504), power transmission shaft 2 (505), low pairs replacing high pair disk 2 (506), power transmission shaft 1 (505), bevel gear is to 1
(508), power transmission shaft 3 (509), gear-box 2 (510), bevel gear to 3 (511), shaft coupling 4 (512), support column 4 (513), screw mandrel
2 (514), support column 5 (515), thin bar 2 (516), nut 2 (517), Hall switch 2 (518), support column 6 (519), tachometer disc 2
(520), digital display screen 1 (521), digital display screen 2 (522), tachometer disc 1 (523), support column 3 (524), Hall switch 1
(525), thin bar 1 (526), nut 1 (527), support column 2 (528), screw mandrel 1 (529), shaft coupling 3 (530), support column 1
(531), bevel gear is to 2 (532), gear-box 1 (533), hyperbolic shank 3 (534), hyperbolic shank 2 (535), hyperbolic shank 1
(536).The motor 3 (501) is connected to 1 (508) middle input bevel gear with bevel gear for 12V direct current generators, by motor housing
(502) it is fixed on base plate, power transmission shaft 1 (507) and power transmission shaft 2 (505) are fixed on motor housing (502) inwall respectively, bevel gear
1 output gear (508) is respectively fixedly connected with power transmission shaft 1 (507), spur gear is respectively fixedly connected with to (503) in power transmission shaft 1 (507)
On power transmission shaft 2 (505).Hyperbolic shank 1 (536) and low pairs replacing high pair disk 1 (504) are respectively fixedly connected with power transmission shaft 2 (505) two
End, 2 (535) one end of hyperbolic shank and 1 (536) hinge of hyperbolic shank, the other end and 3 (534) hinge of hyperbolic shank, hyperbolic shank
3 (534) are connected to 2 (532) input gear with bevel gear, and bevel gear is separately fixed to 2 (532) on gear-box 1 (533),
Gear-box 1 (533) is fixed on base plate by support column 1 (531), bevel gear to 2 (532) output gears by shaft coupling 3 (530) with
Screw mandrel 1 (529) is connected, and 1 (529) other end of screw mandrel is connected with base plate by support column 3 (524), nut 1 (527) and screw mandrel 1
(529) coordinate, thin bar 1 (526) is through the aperture on 1 (527) edge of nut, solid by support column 2 (528) and support column 3 (524)
Fixed, to the rotation for limiting nut 1 (527), tachometer disc 1 (523) is connected in the end of screw mandrel 1 (529), is embedded with magnet above,
Hall switch 1 (525) keeps induction end near magnet on support column 3 (524), and the rotary speed information for measuring is displayed in solid
It is scheduled on the digital display screen 1 (521) on base plate.2 (506) one end of low pairs replacing high pair disk and 1 (504) higher pair of low pairs replacing high pair disk
Connection, the other end and power transmission shaft 3 (508) are connected, and power transmission shaft 3 (508) and bevel gear are connected to input gear in 3 (511), bore tooth
Wheel is separately fixed to 3 (511) in gear-box 2 (510), and gear-box 2 (510) is fixed on base plate by support column 4 (513), cone
In gear mesh 3 (511), output gear is connected with screw mandrel 2 (514) by shaft coupling 4 (512), and 2 (514) other end of screw mandrel is by support column
6 (519) are fixed with base plate, and nut 2 (517) is coordinated with screw mandrel 2 (514), and thin bar 2 (514) is little through 2 (517) edge of nut
Hole, is connected with base plate by support column 5 (515) and support column 6 (519), to the rotation for limiting nut 2 (517), tachometer disc 2
(520) be connected in the end of screw mandrel 2 (514), be embedded with magnet above, Hall switch 2 (518) on support column 6 (519),
Near magnet, the rotary speed information for measuring is displayed on the digital display screen 2 (522) being fixed on base plate induction end.Connection motor 3
(501) double-crank mechanism and higher pair mechanism motion, just can be driven simultaneously, so as to drive the screw mandrel being attached thereto to rotate, by seeing
The rotating speed that the axial motion conditions of the nut coordinated with screw mandrel and digital display screen are shown is examined, can be by abstract low pairs replacing high pair knowledge
Vivid specific motion in kind is converted into, is sharpened understanding.
Claims (6)
1. plane mechanism structured teaching analyzer, it is characterised in that：Including dynamic branch unit (1), passive constraint mechanism unit
(2), single-degree-of-freedom mechanism unit (3), Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism unit (4), low pairs replacing high pair unit (5)；
Five units are driven by 3 direct current generators, wherein three synchronizations of the motor 1 (101) by dynamic branch unit (1)
Belt wheel realizes dynamic branch, drives major axis 1 from the Timing Belt (109) with synchronous pulley 2 (108) and synchronous pulley 3 (113)
(105) rotate with major axis 2 (115), passive constraint mechanism unit (2) is driven by the rotation of major axis 1 (105), by major axis 2 (115)
Rotate and drive single-degree-of-freedom mechanism unit (3), Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism unit (4) is driven by major axis 1 (105) and motor 2 (401),
Low pairs replacing high pair unit (5) is driven by motor 3 (501)；
In the dynamic branch unit (1)：Motor 1 (101) is 12V direct current generators, is fixed on base plate by support base A1 (103)
On, 1 (106) one end of short axle is matched somebody with somebody with bearing block 1 (111) by shaft coupling 1 (102) and 1 (101) output shaft fixed connection of motor, the other end
Close, bearing block 1 (111) is connected with base plate, synchronous pulley 1 (107) is connected with short axle 1 (106), synchronous pulley 2 (108) and major axis
1 (105) is connected, and synchronous pulley 3 (113) is connected with major axis 2 (115), and three synchronous pulleys are matched somebody with somebody with Timing Belt (109) respectively
Close, 1 (105) two ends of major axis are coordinated with bearing block, bearing block is separately fixed on support base A2 (104) and support base A3 (110),
Two support bases are connected with base plate respectively, and 2 (115) two ends of the major axis are coordinated with bearing block, and bearing block is separately fixed at support
On seat A4 (112) and support base A5 (114), two support bases are connected with base plate respectively；
In the passive constraint mechanism unit (2)：Disk 1 (201) is connected with major axis 1 (105), passive constraint mechanism bar 1 (202) and circle
1 (201) hinge of disk, disk 2 (204) and 1 (202) hinge of passive constraint mechanism bar, disk 2 (204) is connected with short axle 2 (205), short
Axle 2 (205) is coordinated with bearing block, and bearing block is fixed on support base B1 (206), and support base B1 (206) is connected with base plate, and void is about
Beam mechanism bar 2 (203) and 1 (208) hinge of slide block, slide block 1 (208) are coordinated with guide rail 1 (210) and guide rail 2 (211), guide rail 1
(210) it is connected with base plate by support base B2 (206), guide rail 2 (211) is fixed with base plate by support base B3 (212), limited block
(207) it is inserted between guide rail 1 (210) and guide rail 2 (211)；
In the single-degree-of-freedom mechanism unit (3)：Disk 3 (301) is connected with major axis 2 (115), single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 1 (302)
With 3 (301) hinge of disk, 2 (303) one end of single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar and 1 (302) hinge of single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar, the other end with
Single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 3A (304) and single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 3B (305) hinge, single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 3A (304) is with one certainly
By degree mechanism bar 4A (306) and single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 5A (308) hinge, single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 4A (306) and fixed plate
(311) hinge, single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 3B (305) and single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 4B (307) and single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 5B (309)
Hinge, single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 4B (307) and fixed plate (311) hinge, single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 5A (308) and single-degree-of-freedom machine
Structure bar 5B (309) and 6 (310) hinge of single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar, fixed plate (311) are connected with base plate；
In the Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism unit (4)：Motor 2 (401) is 12V direct current generators, solid with base plate by support base C1 (403)
Even, the cam in cam mechanism (405) is connected with motor 2 (401) by shaft coupling 2 (402), while by support base C2 (404)
Support, support base C2 (404) are connected with base plate, and Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism bar 1 (408) is by support base C3 (407) and support base C4 (409)
Support, two support bases are connected with base plate, roller is arranged on 1 (408) end of Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism bar, stage clip (406) is arranged on
Between roller and support base C3 (407), it is ensured that roller moment and cam engagement, that is, a force-closed cam mechanism (405) is constituted,
2 (415) one end of Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism bar and 1 (408) hinge of Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism bar, the other end and Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism bar 4
(414) hinge, disk 4 (417) are connected with major axis 1 (105), and 3 (416) one end of Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism bar is cut with scissors with disk 4 (417)
Chain, the other end and 4 (414) hinge of Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism bar, Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism bar 4 (414) and 2 (412) hinge of slide block, slide block
2 (412) are coordinated with guide rail 3 (411), and guide rail 3 (411) is supported by support base C5 (410) and support base C6 (413), two support bases
It is connected with base plate；
In the low pairs replacing high pair unit (5)：Motor 3 (501) is 12V direct current generators, with bevel gear to 1 (508) middle input cone tooth
Wheel is connected, and power transmission shaft 1 (507) and power transmission shaft 2 (505) be respectively on fixed motor housing (502) inwall, and bevel gear is to defeated in 1 (508)
Go out gear to be connected on power transmission shaft 1 (507), spur gear is respectively fixedly connected with (503) in power transmission shaft 1 (507) and power transmission shaft 2 (505)
On, hyperbolic shank 1 (536) and low pairs replacing high pair disk 1 (504) are respectively fixedly connected with 2 (505) two ends of power transmission shaft, hyperbolic shank 2
(535) one end and 1 (536) hinge of hyperbolic shank, the other end and 3 (534) hinge of hyperbolic shank, hyperbolic shank 3 (534) and cone tooth
Take turns the input gear to 2 (532) to be connected, bevel gear is separately fixed to 2 (532) on gear-box 1 (533), gear-box 1 (533)
It is fixed on base plate by support column 1 (531), bevel gear is solid with screw mandrel 1 (529) by shaft coupling 3 (530) to 2 (532) output gears
Even, nut 1 (527) is coordinated with screw mandrel 1 (529), thin bar 1 (526) through the aperture on 1 (527) edge of nut, by support column 2
(528) fix with support column 3 (524), to the rotation for limiting nut 1 (527), tachometer disc 1 (523) is connected in screw mandrel 1 (529)
End, be embedded with magnet above, Hall switch 1 (525) on support column 3 (524) keeps induction end near magnet, surveys
Rotary speed information be displayed on the digital display screen 1 (521) being fixed on base plate, 2 (506) one end of low pairs replacing high pair disk with it is high
Secondary low 1 (504) higher pair of generation disk connection, the other end are connected with power transmission shaft 3 (508), and power transmission shaft 3 (508) and bevel gear are to 3
(511) in, input gear is connected, and bevel gear is separately fixed to 3 (511) in gear-box 2 (510), and bevel gear is to defeated in 3 (511)
Go out gear to be connected with screw mandrel 2 (514) by shaft coupling 4 (512), 2 (514) other end of screw mandrel is solid with base plate by support column 6 (519)
Fixed, nut 2 (517) is coordinated with screw mandrel 2 (514), aperture of the thin bar 2 (514) through 2 (517) edge of nut, by support column 5
(515) it is connected with base plate with support column 6 (519), to the rotation for limiting nut 2 (517), tachometer disc 2 (520) is connected in screw mandrel
2 (514) end, is embedded with magnet above, Hall switch 2 (518) on support column 6 (519), induction end near magnet,
The rotary speed information for measuring is displayed on the digital display screen 2 (522) being fixed on base plate.
2. plane mechanism structured teaching analyzer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The dynamic branch unit
(1) in, described motor 1 (101) is connected, described Timing Belt (109) can be passed through and drive described major axis 1 (105) and length
Axle 2 (115) is rotated, and realizes dynamic branch.
3. plane mechanism structured teaching analyzer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The passive constraint mechanism unit
(2) in, when the major axis 1 (105) is rotated, whole mechanism kinematic can be driven by disk 1 (201)；Limited block (207) is inserted
Behind slide block 1 (208), passive constraint mechanism bar 2 (203) is inserted in the hole of passive constraint mechanism bar 1 (202), void can be added
Constraint；Limited block (207) is inserted in before slide block 1 (208), by passive constraint mechanism bar 2 (203) from passive constraint mechanism bar 1 (202)
Hole in pull out, passive constraint can be removed.
4. plane mechanism structured teaching analyzer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Single-degree-of-freedom mechanism list
In first (3), described single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 1 (302), single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 2 (303), single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 3A
(304), single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 3B (305), single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 4A (306), single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 4B (307), one from
It is centre by the two-end thickness of degree mechanism bar 5A (308), single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 5B (309) and single-degree-of-freedom mechanism bar 6 (310)
The half of thickness, all using rivet interlacement.
5. plane mechanism structured teaching analyzer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The Two-Degree-of-Freedom mechanism list
In first (4), a connection motor 2 (401), major axis 1 (105) are remained stationary as, and slide block 2 (412) is presented the first characteristics of motion；Only turn
Dynamic major axis 1 (105), motor 2 (401) are not connected, and slide block 2 (412) is presented second characteristics of motion；Motor 2 (401) is connected simultaneously
With rotate major axis 1 (105), slide block 2 (412) is presented the third characteristics of motion.
6. plane mechanism structured teaching analyzer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The low pairs replacing high pair unit
(5) in, motor 3 (501) is connected, just can drives double-crank mechanism and higher pair mechanism motion simultaneously, so as to drive screw mandrel 1 (529)
Rotate with screw mandrel 2 (514), finally drive 2 (517) axially-movable of nut 1 (527) and nut being respectively cooperating with two screw mandrels,
Pass through Hall switch 1 (525) simultaneously and Hall switch 2 (518) tests the speed and is displayed in digital display screen 1 (521) and digital display screen 2
(522) on.
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| CN201410825993.6A CN104616581B (en) | 2014-12-25 | 2014-12-25 | Plane mechanism structured teaching analyzer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410825993.6A CN104616581B (en) | 2014-12-25 | 2014-12-25 | Plane mechanism structured teaching analyzer |
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Inventor after: Yang Jian Inventor after: Wu Chan Inventor after: Wei Kai Inventor after: Dong Wenfeng Inventor after: Yu Liang Inventor after: Peng Xiaokang Inventor before: Wei Kai Inventor before: Wu Chan Inventor before: Dong Wenfeng Inventor before: Yu Liang Inventor before: Peng Xiaokang |