CN104614283A - Analysis method for corresponding phase change in thermal treatment machining process of metal material - Google Patents
Analysis method for corresponding phase change in thermal treatment machining process of metal material Download PDFInfo
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- CN104614283A CN104614283A CN201510005843.5A CN201510005843A CN104614283A CN 104614283 A CN104614283 A CN 104614283A CN 201510005843 A CN201510005843 A CN 201510005843A CN 104614283 A CN104614283 A CN 104614283A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an analysis method for corresponding phase change in the thermal treatment machining process of a metal material. According to the analysis method, the phase change situation of the metal material to be detected can be quantitatively analyzed and judged according to the change of density of the metal material to be detected. The analysis method comprises the following steps: firstly, measuring corresponding density of the metal material to be detected in different thermal treatment state; secondly, by taking thermal treatment temperature as a transverse coordinate and the density of the metal material to be detected as a longitudinal coordinate, establishing a relationship equation of the thermal treatment temperature of the metal material to be detected and the density of the metal material to be detected, that is, a working curve; on the basis of the working curve diagram, according to the position of the density value of the metal material to be detected in the working curve diagram, or by comparing the density in different thermal treatment state, quantitatively judging the corresponding phase situation of the metal material to be detected in one thermal treatment state. The analysis method has the advantages of simple test sample preparation, convenient operation and high experimental data precision, repeatability and reliability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the analytical approach of the corresponding thing phase change in a kind of metal material heat treatment process, these metal materials comprise ferrous materials, aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy etc., and this analytical approach is applicable to the metal material that all have phase in version.
Background technology
Metal material, in process, will change its structure of matter state, and such as, some iron and steel and part Al alloys andMg alloys material change the composition of its phase structure and phase by thermal treatment, thus reach the object changing and improve material property.The change of the microstate of metal material, generally also will cause the change of its size and other performances, the first order phase change of such as solid material, all along with the change of its volume and size.Because this type of change is general very little, and test and data handling procedure complexity, be difficult to practicality.Such as, when namely martensitic traoformation occurs in mild carbon steel quenching, its relative size variable quantity is only 0.1% order of magnitude.In addition, this processing procedure will through high temperature (as about 900 DEG C) heating and shrend, and the influence factor of this process measurement is many, if to the forward and backward dimensional measurement of same material process, be difficult to draw believable data result.But, if the ratio of measurement quality and volume---density, then can measure the data drawing reliable subtle change.
At present, measuring metallic materials thing phase state has several methods, and such as have traditional metallographic observation method, and the detection means in modern times is as X-ray diffraction, dilatometry, derivatography etc., indirect method has hardness measurement etc.But traditional metallographic observation method is time-consuming takes manpower for some, as being difficult to obtain the quantitative levels of effluent phase under microscope; Although modern test method can determine the thing phase of material intuitively, in some, small enterprise, be difficult to be equipped with modern large test instrument, and the foreign aid that needs to seek help analyzes, and instrumentation is complicated, costly; Thermodilatometric analysis needs on-line measurement time-consuming, costly; The precision of hardness measurement is lower, and random error of measurement is large, influence factor is many, and experimental data repeatability is low.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is to solve in the Phase Transition Analysis process of metal material, and existing quantitative measurment analytical technology is complicated, testing expense high-technology problem and provide the analytical approach of the corresponding thing phase change in a kind of metal material heat treatment process.The method, by the variable density of test analysis metal material phase transformation to be measured, carrys out the phase transformation situation of quantitatively characterizing metal material.
Know-why of the present invention
Some phase in version (as first order phase change) of metal material must along with the change of volume, namely also must along with the change of density.On the other hand, because density is the basic performance of of solid material, it can, by secondary weighing method (Archimedes method), realize measuring with precision balance.The measurement of density is subject to accuracy of instrument and equipment operation restriction, and former old-fashioned balance measurement, adopts and manually load counterweight, and cursor reads measurement data, and take a lot of work during operating cost, poor repeatability, error is large.Therefore, old-fashioned balance is difficult to effectively realize accurate measurement of the present invention.In the past to the analysis of metal material phase in version, do not cause enough attention, unmanned proposition the method measures the phase in version with analysis of metallic materials before this.
On the other hand, along with the development of electronic technology, accurate electronic balance changes the loaded down with trivial details measurement loading of old-fashioned balance and the read method of measurement result, and it is convenient to measure, and precision is greatly improved.The application is the progress utilizing current surveying instrument, secondary weighing method is applied to this high precision measurement of metal material phase transformation and quantitative analysis field.
An analytical approach for corresponding thing phase change in metal material heat treatment process, specifically comprises the steps:
(1) temperature and the density relationship of metal material to be measured, is first set up
First measure the density that metal material to be measured is corresponding under different conditions of heat treatment, then be horizontal ordinate with heat treatment temperature, the density of metal material to be measured is ordinate, sets up the heat treatment temperature of metal material to be measured and the relational expression of density and thing phase change, i.e. working curve;
Described metal material to be measured is iron and steel, aluminium, magnesium, titanium or aluminium, magnesium and titanium alloy etc.;
Described metal material to be measured, through different conditions of heat treatment, comprises the annealing of various steel, Quench and temper, and the state such as the solid solution of steel and Al alloys andMg alloys, timeliness;
Above-mentioned metal material to be measured is that the concrete operation step of this mensuration is as follows by using secondary weighing method and Archimedes method to measure and obtain through the measurement of the density corresponding to different conditions of heat treatment:
First, under measuring a certain condition of heat treatment, the aerial quality of metal material to be measured, is denoted as
m 1;
Then, the metal material to be measured under a certain condition of heat treatment is placed on and is equipped with in the container of liquid, measure metal material to be measured and be immersed in density and be
ρ liquidliquid after quality, be denoted as
m 2 ;
Finally, be calculated as follows, obtain the density of the metal material to be measured under above-mentioned a certain condition of heat treatment
ρ thing;
；
The measuring method of the above-mentioned density of metal material to be measured after different heat treatment temperatures, is also applicable to the measurement of the specific volume of metal material to be measured after different heat treatment temperatures;
(2), by the working curve diagram in step (1), according to the position of density values in working curve diagram of detected materials, or by the density under more different conditions of heat treatment, rational judgment draws the thing phase situation that metal material to be measured is corresponding under a certain condition of heat treatment.
The analytical approach of the corresponding thing phase change in above-mentioned a kind of metal material heat treatment process, is also applicable to the welding of metal, the material phase analysis in the process such as rolling or forging.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
The analytical approach of the corresponding thing phase change in a kind of metal material heat treatment process of the present invention, densimetry is applied to quantitative test and the research of the phase transformation of metal material, it is high that the method has precision, to metal material state sensitive, the degree of accuracy that relative density is measured can reach 0.01% and higher.
Further, the analytical approach of the corresponding thing phase change in a kind of metal material heat treatment process of the present invention, directly can reflect the change of the micromechanism of metal material to be measured, and in analysis, instrument is balance, simple and general, during measurement, instrument is without the need to the particular surroundings such as alternating temperature, vacuum; And process operation is simple, less demanding to the preparation of metal material to be measured, can't harm metal material to be measured, data processing is simple; Analytic process speed is fast, and consume energy low, consumptive material is few, and namely the whole process judged of analyzing does not require that operating personnel have very high knowwhy, decreases manpower, material resources, the consumption of financial resources.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The working curve of metal material to be measured in Fig. 1, embodiment 1.
Embodiment
Also by reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention is set forth further below by specific embodiment, but do not limit the present invention.
The instrument that in the embodiment of the present invention, quality determination is used is CP153 type electronic digit balance, and sensibility reciprocal is 10
-3g is that 10g object relative measurement degree of accuracy can reach 0.01% to weight.
embodiment 1
An analytical approach for corresponding thing phase change in metal material heat treatment process, specifically comprises the steps:
(1) temperature and the density relationship of metal material to be measured, is first set up
First measure 3 metal materials to be measured density corresponding under different conditions of heat treatment, take then treatment temperature as horizontal ordinate, density is ordinate, sets up the temperature of metal material to be measured and the relational expression of density, i.e. working curve;
The aluminium alloy of the material of test to be analyzed to be the trade mark be 2XXX, the size of three test buttons is about 20 ' 20 ' 10mm, and weight is greater than 10
g.First through solution treatment, this measurement is the measurement of its timeliness effect.Three specimen codings are respectively G
1, G
2and G
3; Wherein G
1be 100 DEG C of timeliness; G
2be 165 DEG C of timeliness, and specify it to be sample to be tested; G
3be 300 DEG C of timeliness, aging time is 5h.
Three samples are with secondary weighing method density measurement, and the density obtained is respectively
ρ g1=2.8395(g/cm
3),
ρ g2=2.8347(g/cm
3) and
ρ g3=2.8273(g/cm
3), the relative error of measurement is ± 0.0003(g/cm
3).
By the above results, G
1and G
3relative density difference be about 0.43%.By G
1,g
3can set up the working curve of metal material to be measured, specifically oblique line as shown in Figure 1, line left end point is G
1, right endpoint is G
3point;
(2), by the working curve of step (1) gained, according to detected materials G
2density values position in FIG (point of the centre namely in Fig. 1), the thing phase (165 DEG C of ageds) treating that material is corresponding can be judged; To judge whether it is the phase in version of expecting;
Known by the Density measurements of step (1), G
2position is in the drawings in (relative deviation of density is only 0.03%, in measurement range) on the line of expection substantially.
Show thus: the variable density useable linear change of (1) this Ageing Treatment carrys out approximate expression; (2) G
2the treatment process of sample reaches expected result, and its variable density meets (linearly) Changing Pattern, and deviation is little, can ignore, and namely this technological process and real processing results reach expection technological requirement; (3) the approximately linear change of the density of this material can give theoretical explanation by the Vegard theorem of solid solution alloy, but does not repeat them here.
This example indicates accuracy, the reliability of analytical approach of the present invention.
The above is only the citing of embodiments of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvement and modification, these improve and modification also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. an analytical approach for the corresponding thing phase change in metal material heat treatment process, is characterized in that its analytic process specifically comprises the steps:
(1) temperature and the density relationship of metal material to be measured, is first set up:
First measure the density that metal material to be measured is corresponding under different conditions of heat treatment; Then be horizontal ordinate with heat treatment temperature, the density of metal material to be measured is ordinate, sets up the relational expression of the heat treatment temperature of metal material to be measured and the density of metal material to be measured, i.e. working curve;
Described metal material to be measured is the metal material with phase in version;
The described metal material with phase in version is steel, aluminium, magnesium, titanium, steel alloy, aluminium alloy or magnesium alloy;
(2), by the working curve diagram in step (1), according to the position of density values in working curve diagram of metal material to be measured, or by the density under more different condition of heat treatment, rational judgment show that metal material to be measured is in thing phase situation corresponding to a certain condition of heat treatment.
2. the analytical approach of the corresponding thing phase change in a kind of metal material heat treatment process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described metal material to be measured is obtain by using Archimedes method to measure through the measurement of the density corresponding to different conditions of heat treatment, the concrete operation step of this mensuration is as follows:
First, under measuring a certain condition of heat treatment, the aerial quality of metal material to be measured, is denoted as
m 1;
Then, the metal material to be measured under a certain condition of heat treatment is placed on and is equipped with in the container of liquid, measure metal material to be measured and be immersed in density and be
ρ liquidliquid after quality, be denoted as
m 2 ;
Finally, be calculated as follows, obtain the density of the metal material to be measured under above-mentioned a certain condition of heat treatment
ρ thing;
。
3. the analytical approach of the corresponding thing phase change in a kind of metal material heat treatment process as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that measuring metal material quality to be measured instrument used is precision balance, the sensibility reciprocal of described precision balance is 10
-3g and higher is that 10g object relative measurement degree of accuracy reaches 0.01% to weight.
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Cited By (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105371996A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2016-03-02 | 上海应用技术学院 | Method for measuring residual stress generated by metallic material pressure processing |
| CN105698746A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-06-22 | 上海应用技术学院 | A method for measuring strain in a metal material plastic working process |
| CN106896124A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-06-27 | 上海应用技术大学 | The assay method of corresponding residual austenite content in a kind of bearing steel material heat treatment process |
| CN108303441A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-07-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A method of it measuring white tin in tin and tin alloy sample and is changed into gray tin ratio |
| CN111855489A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-10-30 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | Method for testing solid-liquid phase change volume change rate of material |
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| CN103196787A (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2013-07-10 | 上海市塑料研究所 | Method for testing density of thin film |
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2015
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105371996A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2016-03-02 | 上海应用技术学院 | Method for measuring residual stress generated by metallic material pressure processing |
| CN105698746A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-06-22 | 上海应用技术学院 | A method for measuring strain in a metal material plastic working process |
| CN105698746B (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2018-05-15 | 上海应用技术学院 | A kind of measuring method of strain in metal material plastic processing |
| CN106896124A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-06-27 | 上海应用技术大学 | The assay method of corresponding residual austenite content in a kind of bearing steel material heat treatment process |
| CN108303441A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-07-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A method of it measuring white tin in tin and tin alloy sample and is changed into gray tin ratio |
| CN108303441B (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2020-11-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for determining proportion of white tin converted into gray tin in tin and tin alloy samples |
| CN111855489A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-10-30 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | Method for testing solid-liquid phase change volume change rate of material |
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