CN104614124A - Small magnitude pulse force generation device - Google Patents
Small magnitude pulse force generation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104614124A CN104614124A CN201510060010.9A CN201510060010A CN104614124A CN 104614124 A CN104614124 A CN 104614124A CN 201510060010 A CN201510060010 A CN 201510060010A CN 104614124 A CN104614124 A CN 104614124A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a small magnitude pulse force generation device, and belongs to the dynamic mechanics measurement technical field. The small magnitude pulse force generation device uses compression gas to push a projectile to move upward in an air cylinder and generate pulse force stimulation in impact mode, and is composed of a bottom seat, a lifting rod, a guide rod, an air cylinder piston, an impact cylinder, the projectile, an anvil body, a buffer cushion layer, a dynamic force sensor, a mass block, a limiting mechanism and a support. The small magnitude pulse force generation device can obtain the pulse force stimulation different in magnitude and different in duration time by adjusting pressure of the compression gas, an initial position of the projectile, the mass of the anvil body and the mass block, and hardness and the thickness of the buffer cushion layer located below the anvil body. The small magnitude pulse force generation device is simple in structure and low in cost. The mass block can be directly installed on the dynamic force sensor and does not need an additional mechanism, and the mass of the mass block can be minimized, and accordingly the small magnitude pulse force stimulation within a range from 1kN to 10kN can be easily achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of surging force generating means of little magnitude, belong to dynamic mechanical field of measuring techniques.
Background technology
Surging force sharply changes at very brief time interval internal cause power parameter and evokes system transients impulse movement, and cause system to produce a kind of dynamic force effect of obvious momentum change, and being that the transient state energy of a kind of moment exchanges, is one of important behaviour form of dynamic force.In structure loading in scientific and technological industry, parts test, impact test, material test, biomechanics and the field such as industrial automatic control and monitoring, extensively there is the measurement of little magnitude surging force.Such as: the ejection force of pilot's parachute jumping is tested, sportsman runs the power of stopping over (1kN ~ 2kN), micromechanics contact force (within 1kN) etc.In order to meet the reliability of this type of test experiments, improve industrial products level of processing, strengthen the quality control of industrial products production run, proposing the magnitude tracing demand of small-range surging force survey sensor, therefore providing reliable and stable driving source in the urgent need to developing the calibration that little magnitude surging force generating means is surging force sensor.
Domestic surging force generating means in the past substantially adopts the hammer body that falls along guiding mechanism and the dynamic force sensor mode of clashing into produce surging force and encourages, and surging force can be traceable to the acceleration of motion of hammer body in the quality of whereabouts hammer body and knockout process.This kind of apparatus structure principle is simple, more easily realizes.But release moment nonsynchronous impact when being subject to spindle descends, and the effect of vertical friction force between hammer body and guiding mechanism in dropping process, in knockout process, transverse movement and friction force can produce considerable influence to the repeatability of excitation force value, and introduce certain transverse force impact; Be subject to the physical construction restrictions such as guiding mechanism, device is generally comparatively heavy simultaneously, and the quality of whereabouts hammer body is comparatively large, and the pulse force value of clashing into generation is also comparatively large, the 1MN dynamic force standard set-up of such as china institute of metrology.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the deficiency of restriction and the existence be subject to for the existing device that drops hammer, a kind of surging force generating means of little magnitude is provided, improve the occurring mode of surging force generating means, transverse movement and vertical friction effects can be reduced, realize the excitation of little magnitude surging force.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A surging force generating means for little magnitude, change in the past fell clash into energy conversion mode, adopt pressure gas promote bullet move upward in cylinder clash into mode produce surging force excitation; Its composition specifically comprises base, elevating lever, guide rod, cylinder plug, blow cylinder, bullet, anvil body, cushion, dynamic force sensor, mass, position-limit mechanism and support.
Screwed elevating lever is vertically mounted on base, can move up and down; Guide rod is connected with elevating lever, and guide rod OQ t bar can move up and down.Support cylinder plug above guide rod, bullet is placed in cylinder side beyond the Great Wall.
Blow cylinder is stretched in guide rod upper end, and cylinder plug, bullet, anvil body, cushion are all placed in blow cylinder inside.Airtight by O-ring seal between the lower port of blow cylinder and guide rod, O-ring seal there is individual air admission hole.
Pedestal lower end is vertically mounted on base.Blow cylinder perpendicular to base, be installed on pedestal upper end, blow cylinder lower end is above elevating lever.The sidewall of blow cylinder upper end is manufactured with disappointing groove.
Cushion is installed on below anvil body, and dynamic force sensor is arranged on above anvil body, the fastening mass of dynamic force sensor upper surface.Position-limit mechanism is fastened on pedestal upper end, to be positioned at above mass and at regular intervals between mass, for limit clash into after the displacement that moves upward of anvil body, dynamic force sensor and mass excessive.
Generating means ensures by machining accuracy the centering that bullet and anvil body clash into; By adding self-oiling bearing at blow cylinder inwall, reduce the impact of vertical friction force in the motion process such as bullet, anvil body; Lead length to reduce transverse movement by increase bullet and anvil body, reduces side force to the impact of dynamic force sensor output force value.Thus improve the repeatability of the surging force excitation amplitude that generating means produces.
Be connected with outside accumulation of energy cylinder by solenoid valve by air admission hole, the pressurized air of external air source, through cleansing filter, reduction valve decompression, enters accumulation of energy cylinder.During generating means work, first by the elevating lever adjustment position of cylinder plug in cylinder, connect solenoid valve, pressurized air discharge into fast blow cylinder drive bullet from cylinder beyond the Great Wall portion's initial position move upward, clash into the anvil body be positioned on export platform and dynamic force sensor at cylinder outlet place.
Knockout process produces approximate semisinusoidal pulse acceleration motion, acts on dynamic force sensor by the mass of known quality, produces surging force excitation to it.Can set up this surging force generating means and simplify surging force model such as formula (1):
F＝Ma+Mg (1)
In formula: a---the acceleration of motion of mass;
M---mass quality and by school dynamic force sensor equivalent mass sum;
G---acceleration of gravity;
The surging force that F---sensor bears.
By adjustment compression pressure, the initial position of bullet, anvil body and mass quality, the soft or hard degree of cushion and thickness below anvil body, can obtain the surging force excitation of different magnitude and various durations.Position-limit mechanism is fastened on above mass, and the displacement moved upward after clashing into anvil body limits.After knockout process terminates, blow cylinder, again by groove exhaust of losing heart, makes bullet fall back to cylinder below blow cylinder and beyond the Great Wall, prepares to clash into next time.
Beneficial effect
This generating means structure is simple, and cost is lower, and is directly installed on dynamic force sensor due to mass, and without the need to additional mechanism providing additional operation, the quality of mass can be accomplished very little, therefore very easily realizes the little magnitude surging force excitation within a few kN.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the one-piece construction schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the pulse acceleration measured curve of mass 14 in embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the surging force curve of output of dynamic force sensor 12 in embodiment;
Label declaration: 1-base, 2-elevating lever, 3-guide rod, 4-O-ring seal, 5-air admission hole, 6-cylinder plug, 7-bullet, 8-blow cylinder, 9-self-oiling bearing, 10-cushion, 11-anvil body, 12-dynamic force sensor, 13-lose heart groove, 14-mass, 15-position-limit mechanism, 16-support.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is elaborated:
Generating means of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, comprises base 1, elevating lever 2, guide rod 3, O-ring seal 4, cylinder plug 6, bullet 7, blow cylinder 8, self-oiling bearing 9, cushion 10, anvil body 11, dynamic force sensor 12, mass 14, position-limit mechanism 15, support 16.Blow cylinder 8 is vertically mounted on the support 16 above base 1, and bullet 7 is placed on blow cylinder 8 inside cylinder plug 6, and before life's work, cylinder plug 6 is elevated to certain altitude by first rotation and lifting bar 2, determines the reference position of bullet 7.O-ring seal 4 is for sealing gap between elevating lever 2 and blow cylinder 8.Air admission hole 5 is for inputting pressure gas.Cushion 10 is bonded in the bottom of anvil body 11, plays and cushions knockout process, bottom protection anvil body 11, and regulating impulse power amplitude, the object of duration.By the groove 13 that loses heart after bullet 7 upwards clashes into anvil body 11, can discharge remaining pressurized air.Dynamic force sensor 12 is rigidly attached to the upper surface of anvil body 11 by switching screw, and mass 14 is rigidly attached to the upper surface of dynamic force sensor 12 equally by switching screw.Position-limit mechanism 15 is above mass 14, excessive in order to the displacement limiting anvil body 11 in knockout process, dynamic force sensor 12, mass 14 move upward.
Because blow cylinder 8 is vertical, energisation mode is pneumatic, is often unsuitable for oily in blow cylinder 8, therefore in order to reduce the friction effects of bullet 7 in blow cylinder 8 in motion process, with the addition of oil-less self-lubricating bearing 9 at blow cylinder 8 inwall.This kind of bearing, is applicable to the dry friction under normal temperature condition of work and few glossy occasion, can reduces the friction factor between bullet 7 and blow cylinder 8 inwall, reduce the energy loss in bullet 7 motion process and transverse movement.Simultaneously bullet 7 process of moving in blow cylinder 8, gap between bullet 7 and blow cylinder 8 inwall, makes bullet 7 surrounding produce air film because of pressure-air, plays certain constraint bullet 7 athletic posture, reduce bullet 7 transverse movement, avoid the effect of non-vertical direction motion artifacts.Improve the repeatability of the surging force excitation amplitude of generating means, reduce transverse movement and impact thereof.
Rack platform above anvil body 11 is for installing dynamic force sensor 12, and platform lower cylindrical is used for guiding.Anvil body 11 is installed on below cylinder, adopt titanium alloy material, in order to ensure anvil body 11, dynamic force sensor 12 and the moving equilibrium of mass 14 in the process of moving upward, strengthen the guidance quality of its motion process, the length as far as possible lengthening blow cylinder below anvil body 11 reaches more than 4 times of platform lower cylindrical diameter simultaneously.
Bullet 7 is made up of top, middle part and afterbody, top design is arc-shaped curved surface, ensureing to be the shock on single-point opposite when clashing into anvil body 11, avoiding multi-point contact to produce the bimodal or distortion in pulse waveform top, accurately to judge the peak value of pulse acceleration and surging force curve.Middle part shape is I-shaped, plays reduction quality, reduces the effect of excitation energy.Afterbody adopts matrix design, the guiding distance between lengthening bullet 7 and blow cylinder 8 inwall, and adopts accurate clearance fit, and gap is less, plays and leads and retrain bullet 7 athletic posture admirably, reduces the effect of the front transverse movement of collision.
To produce the surging force of 1kN, mass 14 is the cylindrical of stainless steel, and bottom center's hole screw rod and dynamic force sensor 12 stress surface are rigidly connected, and the quality 0.4kg of mass 14, produce the surging force of 1kN, and mass 14 needs to produce 2500m/s
2the pulse acceleration peak value of left and right.Anvil body 11 is the T-shaped of stainless steel, and upper end body diameter is 38mm, and lower end body diameter is 16mm, and dynamic force sensor 12 installed surface is rigidly connected by screw rod and anvil body 11 upper end.Blow cylinder 8 internal diameter 28mm, anvil body 11 upper end cylinder frame is in the upper end of blow cylinder 8, and lower end cylinder stretches in blow cylinder 8, bears the shock of bullet 7.Cushion 10 adopts the rubber blanket of thickness 12mm, is bonded in the lower surface of anvil body 11.Dynamic force sensor 12 is bearing 2500m/s
2left and right pulse acceleration peak value time, the duration of pulse acceleration can reach 2.1ms.
In whole knockout process, mass 14 is from static to moving upward, and its velocity variable is by obtaining the integration of acceleration movement process:
In formula: a (t)---acceleration-time motor coordination test;
T---acceleration-motor coordination test duration time;
V---velocity variable.
Velocity variable in mass 14 knockout process is about 2.8m/s, and therefore the speed of bullet 7 before shock is about 4.2m/s.In order to reach the speed of needs before shock, accumulation of energy cylinder compressed air pressure is about about 2.1bar, and cylinder plug 6 rises to distance cushion 10 about 30cm place.
Fig. 2 is the pulse acceleration curve that actual measurement mass 14 produces, and Fig. 3 is the surging force curve of output that dynamic force sensor 12 produces.
Source of the gas uses pneumatic accumulator, opens gas source switch, and pressurized air passes through filter cleaning, within precise pressure-reducing valve reduces to 0.8Mpa.Post-decompression pressurized air, directly enters accumulation of energy cylinder by air operated reversing valve; Gas storage pressure in accumulation of energy cylinder, is shown on digital display manometer.Accumulation of energy cylinder is connected with two-position three way magnetic valve normally closed port by retaining valve, and after connecting two-position three way magnetic valve, pressurized air enters blow cylinder 8 and drives bullet 7.After shock terminates, blow cylinder 8 discharges residual gas by two-position three way magnetic valve and disappointing groove 13, and bullet 7 is got back on cylinder plug 6.
Major advantage of the present invention is as follows:
1, by the guarantee of mechanical processing technique and precision, when utilizing bullet 7 to move, the air film that pressure gas is formed around it, reduces the interference that non-vertical direction motion is measured the surging force occurred.On the other hand, substantially reduce the friction force of vertical direction, avoid the impact of friction force on the surging force excitation amplitude repeatability that generating means produces.
2, by self-oiling bearing 9 additional on blow cylinder 8 inwall, reduce further vertical friction effects in bullet 7 and anvil body 11 motion process, reduce energy consumption simultaneously.
3, under the prerequisite ensureing certain mass, increase the guiding length of bullet 7 and anvil body 11 as far as possible, maintain the stable of its athletic posture, reduce transverse movement, reduce the generation of side force.
4, surging force amplitude can carry out multi-faceted adjustment by the thickness of the quality of the height of cylinder plug 6, mass 14, compression pressure, cushion 10 and soft or hard.
5, by reducing mass 14 quality, the surging force pumping signal of little magnitude is obtained.
Claims (4)
1. a surging force generating means for little magnitude, is characterized in that: adopt pressure gas promote bullet move upward in cylinder clash into mode produce surging force excitation; Its composition specifically comprises base, elevating lever, guide rod, cylinder plug, blow cylinder, bullet, anvil body, cushion, dynamic force sensor, mass, position-limit mechanism and support;
Elevating lever is vertically mounted on base, can move up and down; Guide rod is connected with elevating lever, and guide rod OQ t bar can move up and down; Support cylinder plug above guide rod, bullet is placed in cylinder side beyond the Great Wall;
Blow cylinder is stretched in guide rod upper end, and cylinder plug, bullet, anvil body, cushion are all placed in blow cylinder inside; Airtight by O-ring seal between the lower port of blow cylinder and guide rod, O-ring seal there is individual air admission hole;
Pedestal lower end is vertically mounted on base; Blow cylinder perpendicular to base, be installed on pedestal upper end, blow cylinder lower end is above elevating lever; The sidewall of blow cylinder upper end is manufactured with disappointing groove;
Cushion is installed on below anvil body, and dynamic force sensor is arranged on above anvil body, the fastening mass of dynamic force sensor upper surface; Position-limit mechanism is fastened on pedestal upper end, is positioned at above mass and between mass and has spacing;
Bullet and anvil body clash into tool centering.
2. the surging force generating means of a kind of little magnitude according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the soft or hard degree of cushion and thickness below adjustment compression pressure, the initial position of bullet, anvil body and mass quality, anvil body, can obtain the surging force excitation of different magnitude and various durations.
3. the surging force generating means of a kind of little magnitude according to claim 1, is characterized in that: bullet is made up of top, middle part and afterbody, and top is arc-shaped curved surface, and middle part shape is I-shaped, and afterbody is matrix.
4. the surging force generating means of a kind of little magnitude according to claim 1, is characterized in that: blow cylinder inwall adds self-oiling bearing.
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| CN201510060010.9A CN104614124A (en) | 2014-11-05 | 2015-02-05 | Small magnitude pulse force generation device |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105547582A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-05-04 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Portable pulse stress generator |
| CN106546379A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2017-03-29 | 南京理工大学 | For the integrated apparatus that quiet dynamic force in situ is demarcated |
| CN107144399A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-09-08 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | A kind of lifting force value loads the small value impulsive force generating means of the degree of accuracy |
| CN108088616A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2018-05-29 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | A kind of method for testing precision of pressure-sensitive paper, apparatus and system |
| CN109236807A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-01-18 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Small dynamic pressure generator and working method based on the conversion of liquid gas pressure power |
| CN109946010A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-06-28 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | A kind of test device and method of mesh sheet stress |
| CN110208577A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-09-06 | 北京航天计量测试技术研究所 | A kind of structure excited by impact and calibrating installation of shock accelerometer calibrating installation |
| CN110307932A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-10-08 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Gas pulses pressure generator and pressure method for generation based on impact switching |
| CN111413517A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-07-14 | 苏州笛灵科技有限公司 | Air-throwing impact type calibration device of acceleration sensor and using method thereof |
| CN113189453A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-07-30 | 西安交通大学 | Impact vibration applying device for metal particle take-off excitation in GIS |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109946010A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-06-28 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | A kind of test device and method of mesh sheet stress |
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| CN110208577A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-09-06 | 北京航天计量测试技术研究所 | A kind of structure excited by impact and calibrating installation of shock accelerometer calibrating installation |
| CN110307932A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-10-08 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Gas pulses pressure generator and pressure method for generation based on impact switching |
| CN110307932B (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2020-12-11 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Gas pulse pressure generator based on impact switching and pressure generation method |
| CN111413517A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-07-14 | 苏州笛灵科技有限公司 | Air-throwing impact type calibration device of acceleration sensor and using method thereof |
| CN113189453A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-07-30 | 西安交通大学 | Impact vibration applying device for metal particle take-off excitation in GIS |
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Application publication date: 20150513 |