CN104611635A - Manufacturing method for ultra-high strength 4340 steel - Google Patents

Manufacturing method for ultra-high strength 4340 steel Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104611635A
CN104611635A CN201510034991.XA CN201510034991A CN104611635A CN 104611635 A CN104611635 A CN 104611635A CN 201510034991 A CN201510034991 A CN 201510034991A CN 104611635 A CN104611635 A CN 104611635A
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steel
refining
ultra
superstrength
aisi4340
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CN201510034991.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈菊生
俞科云
林坤
李少斌
陈莉
陈坚
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SHANGHAI JIANING NEW TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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SHANGHAI JIANING NEW TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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Priority to CN201510034991.XA priority Critical patent/CN104611635A/en
Publication of CN104611635A publication Critical patent/CN104611635A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26Methods of annealing
    • C21D1/28Normalising
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/773Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/08Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/60Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a manufacturing method for ultra-high strength 4340 steel. The manufacturing method comprises ultra-pure purification and refining of a steel material, intensive pressing and quick forging of steel ingots and vacuum heat treatment of forgings. The manufacturing method is characterized in that the ultra-pure purification and refining of a steel material comprises the following steps: selecting alloy elements of Cr, Ni and Mo, as well as the original waste steel, as the steel material; carrying out EF melting, LF refining, VD refining and vacuum degassing; melting to obtain AISI4340 steel. The AISI4340 steel comprises the following ingredients: 0.39-0.42% of C, 0.25-0.30% of Si, 0.75-0.85% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.015% of S, less than or equal to 0.02% of P, 0.75-0.85% of Cr, 1.80-1.90% of Ni, 0.25-0.28% of Mo and the balance of Fe. The manufacturing method has the advantages that in the smelting process, by optimizing and combining the chemical ingredients, by strictly controlling the contents of harmful elements of Pb, Sn, Sb, As and Bi in order to improve the purity of molten steel, the intensity is improved from 980 Mpa to over 1960 Mpa, and the ultra-high strength AISI4340 steel is obtained.

Description

The manufacture method of superstrength 4340 steel
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallurgical class, be specifically related to a kind of manufacture method of superstrength 4340 steel.
Background technology
High-strength alloy structure iron AISI4340 is widely used in the fields such as United States aircraft carrier steam catapult, Electromagnetical ejector, undercarriage, solid propellant engine housing, gun barrel and high strength bolt.At present, the high-strength alloy structure iron AISI4340 of the U.S. also starts to select in China's military project, civilian industry, and as the parts such as ethene superpressure press for making basic ring and high strength bolt also adopt AISI 4340 steel alloy technology, effect is fine.
Following table is the Comparative of existing standard AISI4340 steel and close alloy material:
Following table is the contrast of existing standard AISI4340 alloy material mechanical property close to China:
As seen from the above table, intensity, at about 1000Mpa, is a kind of high-strength steel.Along with the continuous expansion of AISI4340 steel alloy Application Areas, requirement for its strength property is also more and more higher, requirement for the AISI4340 steel alloy of superstrength is also particularly urgent, it has been generally acknowledged that ultrahigh-strength steel refers to that tensile strength is more than Rm1500Mpa, or yield strength Rp0.2 is more than the steel alloy structure of 1380Mpa.
In order to AISI4340 steel is brought up to ultrahigh-strength steel from current high-strength steel, namely intensity is brought up to >=1500Mpa from 980Mpa by the steel alloy of same element, commaterial, needs here to take many new technologies, novel process, could realize.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is according to above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, a kind of manufacture method of superstrength 4340 steel is provided, this manufacture method is by being optimized combination to chemical composition, strengthening element C, Mn, Mo capping, during plasticity element Cr, Ni get, the upper limit, the strict content controlling harmful element simultaneously, to obtain the AISI4340 steel of superstrength.
The object of the invention realizes being completed by following technical scheme:
A kind of manufacture method of superstrength 4340 steel, comprise and ultra-pure purification refining acquisition steel ingot is carried out to steel raw material, fast forging is suppressed to described steel ingot and obtains forging, vacuum heat treatment is carried out to described forging, it is characterized in that the ultra-pure purification refining of described steel raw material comprises the steps: to select alloying elements cr, Ni, Mo and ecosystem steel scrap are as steel raw material, carry out EF melting, LF refining, VD refining and vacuum outgas, smelt to obtain AISI4340 steel, its component is: 0.39%≤C≤0.42%, 0.25%≤Si≤0.30%, 0.75%≤Mn≤0.85%, S≤0.005%, P≤0.009%, 0.75%≤Cr≤0.85%, 1.80%≤Ni≤1.90%, 0.25%≤Mo≤0.28%, all the other are Fe.
The mid-term of described EF melting adds composite deoxidant, and its component is: 19%≤Mn≤21%, 8%≤Si≤10%, 4%≤Al≤6%, 4%≤Ca≤5%, and all the other are Fe.
In described AISI4340 steel, Pb+Sn+Sb+As+Bi≤0.05%.
The method of described forging being carried out to vacuum heat treatment is: described forging through high temperature 870 DEG C of-890 DEG C of normalizings, then through high temperature 840 DEG C-855 DEG C quenchings, obtains superstrength 4340 steel finally by very low temperature 180 DEG C of-200 DEG C of tempering.
Advantage of the present invention is, by the optimum combination to chemical composition in smelting process, strictly control the content of harmful elements Pb+Sn+Sb+As+Bi to improve Molten Steel Cleanliness simultaneously, intensity is brought up to more than 1960Mpa from 980Mpa, to obtain the AISI4340 steel of superstrength.
Embodiment
By the following examples feature of the present invention and other correlated characteristic are described in further detail, so that the understanding of technician of the same trade:
Embodiment 1: the present embodiment is specifically related to a kind of manufacture method of superstrength 4340 steel, this manufacture method is intended to improve existing AISI4340 steel, when same element, with material, intensity is brought up to 1960Mpa from original 980Mpa, and concrete steps are as follows:
[step 1: ultra-pure purification refining]
(1.1) select high duty alloy element, dimension carbon ferrochrome selected by Cr ferrochrome, Ni nickel selects domestic 0# nickel plate, metal molybdenum filament selected by Mo molybdenum-iron;
(1.2) select ecosystem steel scrap, so-called ecosystem steel scrap means the block material steel scrap that steel mill does not dispatch from the factory, as rod iron chieftain, offcut of steel plate etc.; The requirement of high-quality ecosystem steel scrap is pollution-free, inclusion-free, without silt, without iron rust;
(1.3) select element material alloy iron, alloy iron is preferably removes starting material, steel scrap surface silt particle, high-quality steel scrap without iron rust with dilute sulphuric acid cleaning;
(1.4) in order to obtain higher-strength and better toughness, combination is optimized to chemical composition, according to alloy material science alloy action principle strengthening element C, Mn, Mo capping, toughness plasticity element Cr, Ni, Si get the middle upper limit, S, P harmful element is as far as possible low, namely S≤0.005%, P≤0.009%, strictly control harmful element in addition, makes Pb+Sn+Sb+As+Bi≤0.05%;
Table one: existing standard 4340 steel is elementary composition optimize with the present embodiment after the elementary composition contrast of 4340 steel
(1.5) burner hearth after tapping and ladle inner wall are difficult to avoid having remaining molten steel, for preventing other alloying element from entering this steel grade, need prepurging; First produce before melting 4340 steel 2 to 3 stoves close with this composition of steel as 35CrMo, 42CrMo or 40CrNiMo steel grade, such burner hearth, ladle surface residual molten steel also only have Cr, Ni, Mo substantially without other alloying element, can not impact 4340 steel constituents of melting afterwards;
(1.6) smelting mode adopts EF arc melting, LF external refining, VD vacuum outgas and vacuum consumable; Ultra-pure purification melting is skimmed for three times when EF melting, nonmetal inclusion is down to minimum, and A+B+C+D≤3.5 grade (GB≤6.5 grade), reach sublimate;
(1.7) ingot mold inner chamber need be polished bright and clean, and through baking, storing temperature >=150 DEG C; Hot-die chamber is poured into a mould, and adds a cover exothermic riser, makes its slow cooling, obtains high-quality steel ingot after advantages of good crystallization;
(1.8) ingot conditioning, polishing finishing, makes that its top layer is bright and clean, flawless;
[step 2: suppress, forge soon]
(2.1) steel ingot is suppressed with great tonnage press, forges soon;
(2.2), after steel ingot processing is evenly rebuild, steel ingot is heated, heat-processed intermediate flipped, make Heating Steel Ingots even; Initial forging temperature 1180 DEG C, final forging temperature >=850 DEG C;
(2.3) heat, and three piers three are carried out to steel ingot pull out, forging ratio >=5 after insulation abundance, accomplish that forging is saturating, fine and close, obtain the quality forging of superfine crystal particle;
[step 3: vacuum heat treatment]
Before 3.1 thermal treatments, roughing is carried out to forging, make its any surface finish;
Carry out UT (Ultrasonic Testing) after 3.2 roughing and guarantee flawless on it, enter furnace treatment reason afterwards again;
3.3 adopt vacuum electric furnace, carry out vacuum heat treatment, through high temperature 870 DEG C of-890 DEG C of normalizings to forging, again through high temperature 840 DEG C-855 DEG C quenchings, finally by very low temperature 180 DEG C of-200 DEG C of tempering, prevent forging surface oxidation, superstrength 4340 structural alloy steel can be obtained.
Table two: mechanical property contrasts
Tensile strength Rm Yield strength Rp0.2 Unit elongation A% Relative reduction in area Z%
Existing standard high strength 4340 steel 980~1080 Mpa 835~980Mpa 12~15 45~50
Superstrength 4340 steel in embodiment 1 ≥1960Mpa ≥1670Mpa 10-12 45-50
As can be seen here, 4340 steel in the present embodiment are not when changing elementary composition, by optimizing its each element wt ratio, sublimate melting, suppress fast forging, vacuum heat treatment, realize the raising to its intensity, tensile strength Rm is increased to 1960Mpa from 980Mpa, and yield strength is increased to 1670Mpa from 835Mpa, reaches ultra high strength alloy steel worthy of the name.
Embodiment 2: the manufacture method of superstrength 4340 steel in the present embodiment is identical with the manufacture method in embodiment 1, but add self-control composite deoxidant (Si-Mn-Al-Ca) mid-term in EF melting, its component (weight percent) is Mn 19-21%, Si 8-10%, Al 4-6%, Ca 4-5%, and all the other are Fe; Mid-term this composite deoxidant is added in stove the oxide compound made in itself and molten steel in EF melting, sulfide forms compound slag, float over above molten steel, first time phase skims after oxidation, reduction period later stage second time is skimmed, before tapping, third time skims, thorough removing slag, guarantees that the nonmetal inclusion in molten steel is down to minimum, purify hot metal.
Table three: mechanical property contrasts
Tensile strength Rm Yield strength Rp0.2 Unit elongation A% Relative reduction in area Z%
Existing standard high strength 4340 steel 980~1080 Mpa 835~980Mpa 12~15 45~50
Superstrength 4340 steel in embodiment 1 ≥1960Mpa ≥1670Mpa 10-12 45-50
Superstrength 4340 steel in embodiment 2 ≥2100 Mpa ≥1750Mpa 10-12 45-50
As can be seen here, superstrength 44340 steel in the present embodiment is on the basis of embodiment 1, and by add self-control composite deoxidant in EF fusion process after, tensile strength and the yield strength of 4340 steel are further enhanced.

Claims (4)

1. the manufacture method of superstrength 4340 steel, comprise and ultra-pure purification refining acquisition steel ingot is carried out to steel raw material, fast forging is suppressed to described steel ingot and obtains forging, vacuum heat treatment is carried out to described forging, it is characterized in that the ultra-pure purification refining of described steel raw material comprises the steps: to select alloying elements cr, Ni, Mo and ecosystem steel scrap are as steel raw material, carry out EF melting, LF refining, VD refining and vacuum outgas, smelt to obtain AISI4340 steel, its component is: 0.39%≤C≤0.42%, 0.25%≤Si≤0.30%, 0.75%≤Mn≤0.85%, S≤0.005%, P≤0.009%, 0.75%≤Cr≤0.85%, 1.80%≤Ni≤1.90%, 0.25%≤Mo≤0.28%, all the other are Fe.
2. the manufacture method of a kind of superstrength 4340 steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the mid-term of described EF melting adds composite deoxidant, its component is: 19%≤Mn≤21%, 8%≤Si≤10%, 4%≤Al≤6%, 4%≤Ca≤5%, and all the other are Fe.
3. the manufacture method of a kind of superstrength 4340 steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that in described AISI4340 steel, Pb+Sn+Sb+As+Bi≤0.05%.
4. the manufacture method of a kind of superstrength 4340 steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the method for described forging being carried out to vacuum heat treatment is: described forging is through high temperature 870 DEG C of-890 DEG C of normalizings, again through high temperature 840 DEG C-855 DEG C quenchings, obtain superstrength 4340 steel finally by very low temperature 180 DEG C of-200 DEG C of tempering.
CN201510034991.XA 2015-01-25 2015-01-25 Manufacturing method for ultra-high strength 4340 steel Pending CN104611635A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107747027A (en) * 2017-10-24 2018-03-02 上海申江锻造有限公司 High resistivity, high magnetic permeability 1Cr12Mo martensitic stain less steel rotating shaft process for manufacturing forging
CN110026735A (en) * 2019-02-01 2019-07-19 上海加宁新材料科技有限公司 A kind of manufacturing method of superhigh intensity bolt
CN112159932A (en) * 2020-09-29 2021-01-01 上海加宁新材料科技有限公司 Method for manufacturing ultrahigh-strength rare earth 4340 steel
CN114134420A (en) * 2021-11-25 2022-03-04 本钢板材股份有限公司 Steel for blowout prevention pipe for oil and gas drilling and production method

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5102619A (en) * 1989-06-06 1992-04-07 Latrobe Steel Company Ferrous alloys having enhanced fracture toughness and method of manufacturing thereof
CN101787419A (en) * 2009-12-25 2010-07-28 中原特钢股份有限公司 Heat treatment process of AISI4340 steel forgings

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5102619A (en) * 1989-06-06 1992-04-07 Latrobe Steel Company Ferrous alloys having enhanced fracture toughness and method of manufacturing thereof
CN101787419A (en) * 2009-12-25 2010-07-28 中原特钢股份有限公司 Heat treatment process of AISI4340 steel forgings

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
尤旭: "超高强度钢成分设计及热处理工艺研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库(工程科技Ⅰ辑)》 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107747027A (en) * 2017-10-24 2018-03-02 上海申江锻造有限公司 High resistivity, high magnetic permeability 1Cr12Mo martensitic stain less steel rotating shaft process for manufacturing forging
CN110026735A (en) * 2019-02-01 2019-07-19 上海加宁新材料科技有限公司 A kind of manufacturing method of superhigh intensity bolt
CN112159932A (en) * 2020-09-29 2021-01-01 上海加宁新材料科技有限公司 Method for manufacturing ultrahigh-strength rare earth 4340 steel
CN114134420A (en) * 2021-11-25 2022-03-04 本钢板材股份有限公司 Steel for blowout prevention pipe for oil and gas drilling and production method
CN114134420B (en) * 2021-11-25 2022-09-13 本钢板材股份有限公司 Steel for blowout prevention pipe for oil and gas drilling and production method

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