CN104611073A - Hydrous ethanol gasoline and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Hydrous ethanol gasoline and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses hydrous ethanol gasoline. The hydrous ethanol gasoline comprises the following components: gasoline, hydrous ethanol, a hydrophilic emulsifier, a lipophilic emulsifier, and a cosolvent, and is characterized in that the volume percentage of each component is as follows: 78-89.8% of the gasoline, 10-20% of the hydrous ethanol, 0.2-1.2% of a compound emulsifier, 0-0.5% of the cosolvent, and 0-0.3% of a combustion improver, wherein the ethanol concentration of the hydrous ethanol is 90-97%. According to the hydrous ethanol gasoline, blending components of the hydrous ethanol, the species and the proportions of the emulsifier and the cosolvent and the like are preferable, so that the carrying capacity of the ethanol gasoline to water is improved, the phase separation temperature of the hydrous ethanol gasoline is reduced, the technical formula is simple, phase separation is avoided even though the hydrous ethanol gasoline is stored for more than half a year under a seal condition, the hydrous ethanol gasoline is convenient to store and transport, and the problem of phase separation caused by the fact that the water content of ethanol gasoline exceeds the standard is completely solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of petrochemical industry, relate to a kind of aqueous ethanol gasoline component and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Ethanol is applied to vehicle fuel aspect as the reproducible biomass energy of one, and main and gasoline is mixed into vehicle-use alcohol gasoline.Ethanol petrol relative to gasoline in emission behavior advantageously.Ethanol has the characteristics such as high-octane rating, octane number blending effect and the rich oxygen content similar with methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), relative MTBE then more environmental protection, therefore all or part of technically and economically alternative MTBE.Nearly 20 countries are at popularization ethanol petrol at present, and China has 10 provinces and cities promoting the use of ethanol petrol as the pilot of E10 vehicle-use alcohol gasoline at present.Ethanol added in the oil is dehydrated alcohol.But dehydrated alcohol backward dehydro cost is high, when in aqueous ethanol, ethanol massfraction is 95.57%, ethanol and water azeotropic, extremely difficult separation.Such as when water ratio is from 5% dehydration to less than 0.8%, except needing extra expensive device, its energy consumption also accounts for 20% ~ 50% of alcohol production total energy consumption.Substitute the dehydrated alcohol in ethanol petrol with the ethanol containing certain moisture, the cost that dewaters accordingly can be saved.A small amount of moisture has fine setting effect in combustion, is conducive to burning: 1. can be analyzed to active atom and free radical under water molecules High Temperature High Pressure, promotes the carrying out of combustion reactions; 2. water vapour make aflame gas mixture evenly, accelerate diffusion flame velocity of propagation; 3. the high specific heat value of water can stabilize each several part temperature difference in combustion chamber, prevents combustion phases from occurring local detonation, makes burning more mild fully.Ethanol itself is high containing oxygen, and ethanol also can play solubility promoter effect.But water content is too high to such an extent as to after exceeding the water saturation in ethanol petrol, easily occur being separated.The problem of unstable easily layering after large for aqueous ethanol gasoline water content, there is no good solution at present.Application publication number is CN 102925227A, denomination of invention has been set forth with micro-emulsifier in " a kind of preparation method of microemulsified gasoline ", has been helped emulsion to make water and gasoline can form microemulsified gasoline, there is the large problem of emulsifier in this scheme, and cannot solve the problem of dissolving each other of aqueous ethanol and gasoline; Application publication number is CN 101203585A, denomination of invention mixes for having set forth gasoline in " based on the motor spirit of gasoline with ethanol " proportional range that layering does not occur with aqueous ethanol, but owing to not having doping, only the saturation of dependence to water itself is limited to make ethanol petrol.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to by adding the additives such as proper amount of surfactant, there is provided a kind of component simple, with low cost, allotment is easy to realize, mixing stable homogeneous, the aqueous ethanol gasoline formula that phase separation temperature is low and prepare the optimization method of the stable aqueous ethanol petrol of different proportion of ethanol different water cut ratio.
Technical scheme of the present invention is to provide a kind of aqueous ethanol gasoline, this aqueous ethanol gasoline comprises: gasoline, aqueous ethanol, hydrophilic emulsifier, lipophilic emulsifier and solubility promoter, it is characterized in that: each volume components percentage ratio is: gasoline proportionality is 78 ~ 89.8%, aqueous ethanol ratio is 10 ~ 20%, composite emulsifier ratio 0.2 ~ 1.2%, solubility promoter ratio 0 ~ 0.5%, ignition dope ratio 0 ~ 0.3%, wherein the ethanol degree of aqueous ethanol is 90 ~ 97%.
Present invention also offers a kind of preparation method of aqueous ethanol gasoline, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) the ethanol degree of the when aqueous ethanol of volume shared by the aqueous ethanol determining to be blended aqueous ethanol gasoline;
(2) selected composite emulsifier and solubility promoter kind, determine composite emulsifier, solubility promoter, HLB value, ignition dope and churning time, then carry out test design based on central. set is legal;
(3) after obtaining test-results, match responding surface model, the equation between matching phase separation temperature and each factor, solves phase separation temperature Schwellenwert based on equation and optimal conditions, and analysis optimization draws the respective value of each factor, i.e. optimum preparation parameter;
(4) gasoline, aqueous ethanol, composite emulsifier, solubility promoter and ignition dope is measured respectively by optimizing the optimum preparation parameter obtained;
(5) first in aqueous ethanol, add hydrophilic emulsifier at normal temperatures, naturally miscible 5 minutes, make it to mix;
(6) in gasoline, add solubility promoter and lipophilic emulsifier at normal temperatures, naturally miscible 5 minutes, make it to mix;
(7) mixed solution made by step (5) and step (6) is respectively filled in a same vessel, add ignition dope, in atmospheric closed space, 20 ~ 300 seconds are uniformly mixed with stirrer, form propellant combination, finally by the fuel storage for preparing in an airtight container.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
By preferred moisture gasoline blending component and emulsifying agent solubility promoter kind ratio etc., improve ethanol petrol to the saturation of water, reduce the phase separation temperature containing tax ethanol petrol, technical recipe is simple, deposit under air tight condition and be not also separated half a year more than, accumulating is convenient, completely solves ethanol petrol water ratio and exceeds standard and cause the problem of phenomenon of phase separation.E10W (aqueous ethanol accounting 10%, V/V, ethanol degree 95%) after optimization of C/C composites, its phase separation temperature is down to-4 DEG C by initial 15 DEG C.Aqueous ethanol gasoline is applied in GDI engine, under middle and slow speed of revolution full load mode, the torque of aqueous ethanol gasoline and power a little more than dehydrated alcohol gasoline and gasoline, within 3.4%; Equivalent specific fuel oil consumption is a little less than gasoline (0.2% ~ 2%); CO, THC, NOx emission are all better than E10 dehydrated alcohol gasoline, are slightly inferior to gasoline during low speed, close to being even better than gasoline after improving with rotating speed.
Embodiment
Below with reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described further, and described embodiment just for helping skilled in the art to understand the present invention, instead of limits range of application of the present invention.
In this embodiment, aqueous ethanol gasoline, comprise: gasoline, aqueous ethanol, hydrophilic emulsifier, lipophilic emulsifier and solubility promoter, it is characterized in that: each volume components percentage ratio is: gasoline proportionality is 78 ~ 89.8%, aqueous ethanol ratio is 10 ~ 20%, and the ethanol degree of aqueous ethanol is 90 ~ 97%, composite emulsifier ratio 0.2 ~ 1.2%, solubility promoter ratio 0 ~ 0.5%, ignition dope ratio 0 ~ 0.3%.Wherein, the volume fraction of described aqueous ethanol moisture is 3 ~ 10%; Described composite emulsifier by lipophilic emulsifier and hydrophilic emulsifier formulated.Lipophilic emulsifier is by sorbitan fatty(acid)ester, SPAN85, sorbitanmonolaureate, sorbitol anhydride three stearate wherein one or more combination; Hydrophilic emulsifier is by polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester wherein one or more combination; HLB (hydrophilic andlipophilic balance, the hydrophile-lipophile balance value) wetting ability partially of described composite emulsifier, HLB value is 3 ~ 9; Described ignition dope is ferrocene;
Also can not need in this invention additionally to add solubility promoter, hyperoxic ethanol can serve as solubility promoter; The model of gasoline described in the present invention is marketable gasolines, i.e. No. 90,93,97, state four gasoline, state five gasoline 89,92,95; In the present invention, solubility promoter kind used can be amylalcohol, octanol, ethyl acetate, oleic acid, castor-oil plant wet goods;
Case study on implementation 1
For obtaining the optimal stability of the ethanol petrol of aqueous ethanol ratio 10% (ethanol degree 95%), seek optimum preparation parameter in certain limit.The wherein scope of constituent species optimizing: HLB value 4.3 ~ 8, churning time 0.5 ~ 6.5, solubility promoter ratio 0 ~ 0.4, emulsifier proportion 0.2 ~ 1, the index weighing stability is phase separation temperature (Y); Composite emulsifier kind elects department class 80+ tween 80 as, and solubility promoter kind elects n-Octanol as.
(II) test design:
Adopt mathematical statistics software as SPSS or Design-Expert software or Isight software, based on the testing program of the legal design of central. set and result as shown in table 1.
Table 1 E10W stability test matrix and result
Note: in table response value be phase separation temperature/DEG C, A is HLB value, and B is churning time/min, C be solubility promoter/%, D is emulsifying agent/%.
(III) Matching Model, optimized fabrication parameter:
Bring data in software, match quadratic power (Quadratic) response surface model optimum.Equation between matching phase separation temperature and each factor, carries out multinomial the regression to the coding of experimental data, sets up regression model equation (1):
Y＝-2.63+1.44A-0.36B-1.19C-3.64D-1.12AB-7.75AC+3.56AD-0.12BC+0.47BD+2.81CD+14.54A
2+0.14B
2+5.54C
2+3.12D
2(1)
In formula: Y-phase separation temperature; A-HLB value; B-churning time; C-solubility promoter ratio; D-emulsifier proportion.
Each factor values of phase separation temperature Schwellenwert and correspondence is solved based on equation and the factor range determined.
Optimize to obtain optimum preparation parameter: gasoline 89.05%, aqueous ethanol (ethanol degree 95%) 10%, HLB value 5.97, composite emulsifier 0.72% (wherein taking charge of class 80 ratio 0.61%, tween 80 ratio 0.11%), solubility promoter (n-Octanol) 0.23%.
(IV) preparation method
50L aqueous ethanol gasoline need be configured test in GDI engine, concrete preparation process is as follows: 1. measure aqueous ethanol (ethanol degree 95%) 5L, add polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan monooleate (tween 80) 55mL, naturally miscible 5 minutes; 2. measure gasoline 44.525L, add sorbitan fatty(acid)ester (class 80 of department) 305mL, naturally miscible 5 minutes; 3. above-mentioned two systems are loaded in same container, add n-Octanol 115mL, keep air tight condition, be uniformly mixed 1 ~ 6min with stirrer.
(V) effect:
A) stability: take a morsel out and test its phase separation temperature-4 DEG C, places under normal temperature and does not occur layering in more than three months.
B) motor performance: be applied in GDI engine, under middle and slow speed of revolution full load mode, the moment of torsion of E10W and power a little more than E10 and gasoline, within 3.4%; Actual specific oil consumption is roughly the same with E10, and higher than gasoline 2.5% ~ 4.4%, equivalent specific fuel consumption is lower than gasoline 0.2% ~ 2.1%; CO, THC, NOx emission are all better than E10, are slightly inferior to gasoline during low speed, close to being even better than gasoline after improving with rotating speed.
Case study on implementation 2
(I) Search Range:
For obtaining the optimal stability of the ethanol petrol of aqueous ethanol ratio 20% (ethanol degree 95%), seek optimum preparation parameter in certain limit.The wherein scope of constituent species optimizing: HLB value (A) 4.3 ~ 8, churning time (B) 0.5 ~ 6.5, solubility promoter volume ratio (C) 0.1 ~ 0.5%, emulsifying agent volume ratio (D) 0.2 ~ 1%, the index weighing stability is phase separation temperature (Y).Composite emulsifier kind elects department class 80+ polysorbate40 as, and solubility promoter kind elects Viscotrol C as.
(II) test design:
Adopt mathematical statistics software as SPSS or Design-Expert software, as shown in table 2 based on the legal design experiment of central. set.Response value is phase separation temperature, and result is as shown in table 2.
Table 2 E20W stability test matrix and result
Note: Y to be response value be phase separation temperature in table/DEG C, A is HLB value, and B is churning time/min, C be solubility promoter/%, D is emulsifying agent/%.
(III) Matching Model, optimization of C/C composites:
Bring data in software, match cube (Cubic) response surface model optimum.Equation between matching phase separation temperature and each factor, carries out multinomial the regression to the coding of experimental data, sets up regression model equation (2):
Y＝-2.00-0.25A-3.50B+0.50C-3.50D-0.62AB-0.25AC+0.87AD-0.13BC+0.25BD+0.88CD+1.10A
2+0.98B
2-0.52C
2+0.73D
2+0.88ABC+0.25ABD-0.12ACD-0.75*BCD+3.88A
2B-0.75A
2C+3.87A
2D (2)
In formula: Y-phase separation temperature; A-churning time; B-HLB value; C-solubility promoter ratio; D-emulsifier proportion.Each factor values of phase separation temperature Schwellenwert and correspondence is solved based on equation and the factor range determined.Optimize to obtain optimum preparation parameter: gasoline 79.05%, aqueous ethanol (ethanol degree 95%) 20%, HLB value 5.89, composite emulsifier 0.74% (wherein taking charge of class 80 ratio 0.636%, polysorbate40 ratio 0.104%), solubility promoter (Viscotrol C) 0.21%.
(IV) preparation method
The ethanol petrol of 1000mL aqueous ethanol ratio 20% (ethanol degree 95%) need be configured, concrete preparation process is as follows: 1. measure aqueous ethanol (ethanol degree 95%) 200mL, add polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan monooleate (polysorbate40) 1.04mL, naturally miscible 5 minutes; 2. measure gasoline 790.5mL, add sorbitan fatty(acid)ester (class 80 of department) 6.36mL, naturally miscible 5 minutes; 3. above-mentioned two systems are loaded in same container, add Viscotrol C 2.1mL, keep air tight condition, be uniformly mixed 1 ~ 6min with stirrer.
(V) effect:
Stability: take a morsel out and test its phase separation temperature-7 DEG C, places under normal temperature and does not occur layering in more than three months.
Claims (10)
1. an aqueous ethanol gasoline, this aqueous ethanol gasoline comprises: gasoline, aqueous ethanol, hydrophilic emulsifier, lipophilic emulsifier, solubility promoter and ignition dope, it is characterized in that: each volume components percentage ratio is: gasoline proportionality is 78 ~ 89.8%, aqueous ethanol ratio is 10 ~ 20%, composite emulsifier ratio 0.2 ~ 1.2%, solubility promoter ratio 0 ~ 0.5%, ignition dope ratio 0 ~ 0.3%, wherein the ethanol degree of aqueous ethanol is 90 ~ 97%.
2. aqueous ethanol gasoline according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: different with the ratio of aqueous ethanol according to gasoline, the first kind of selected composite emulsifier and solubility promoter, and determine the scope of composite emulsifier, solubility promoter, HLB value, ignition dope and the churning time factor, then or optimization Law Latin design experiment scheme legal based on central. set, match responding surface model, last matching Optimization analyses, obtains optimum preparation parameter.
3. aqueous ethanol gasoline according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the volume fraction of described aqueous ethanol moisture is 3 ~ 10%.
4. aqueous ethanol gasoline according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described composite emulsifier by lipophilic emulsifier and hydrophilic emulsifier formulated.
5. aqueous ethanol gasoline according to claim 4, is characterized in that: lipophilic emulsifier is wherein one or more the combination of sorbitan fatty(acid)ester, SPAN85, sorbitanmonolaureate, sorbitol anhydride three stearate.
6. aqueous ethanol gasoline according to claim 4, is characterized in that: hydrophilic emulsifier is polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester wherein one or more combination.
7. aqueous ethanol gasoline according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the inclined wetting ability of HLB of described composite emulsifier, HLB value is 3 ~ 9.
8. aqueous ethanol gasoline according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described ignition dope is ferrocene.
9. aqueous ethanol gasoline according to claim 1, is characterized in that: solubility promoter used is amylalcohol, octanol, ethyl acetate, oleic acid or Viscotrol C.
10. the preparation method of aqueous ethanol gasoline according to claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) the ethanol degree of the when aqueous ethanol of volume shared by the aqueous ethanol determining to be blended aqueous ethanol gasoline;
(2) selected composite emulsifier and solubility promoter kind, determine the scope of composite emulsifier, solubility promoter, HLB value, ignition dope and churning time, and then or optimization Law Latin legal based on central. set carries out test design;
(3) after obtaining test-results, match responding surface model, the equation between matching phase separation temperature and each factor, solves phase separation temperature Schwellenwert based on equation and optimal conditions, and analysis optimization draws the respective value of each factor, i.e. optimum preparation parameter;
(4) gasoline, aqueous ethanol, composite emulsifier, solubility promoter and ignition dope is measured respectively by optimizing the optimum preparation parameter obtained;
(5) first in aqueous ethanol, add hydrophilic emulsifier at normal temperatures, naturally miscible 5 minutes, make it to mix;
(6) in gasoline, add solubility promoter and lipophilic emulsifier at normal temperatures, naturally miscible 5 minutes, make it to mix;
(7) mixed solution made by step (5) and step (6) is respectively filled in a same vessel, add ignition dope, in atmospheric closed space, 20 ~ 300 seconds are uniformly mixed with stirrer, form propellant combination, finally by the fuel storage for preparing in an airtight container.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN106398785A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-02-15 | 广西科技大学 | Aqueous ethanol gasoline micro-emulsifier |
| CN106433813A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-02-22 | 广西科技大学 | Micro-emulsified water-containing ethanol gasoline and preparation method thereof |
| CN108659899A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-10-16 | 王琳 | A kind of novel additive for gasoline of ethanol |
| CN109337724A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-02-15 | 苏州西姆提纳米科技有限公司 | A kind of gasoline additive and its application |
| CN111625960A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-09-04 | 海南热带汽车试验有限公司 | CFD-based E10 ethanol gasoline engine combustion three-dimensional simulation method |
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