CN104610991A - Coal-fired power plant and low-rank coal upgrading integrated system and comprehensive utilization of upgraded product - Google Patents
Coal-fired power plant and low-rank coal upgrading integrated system and comprehensive utilization of upgraded product Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coal-fired power plant and low-rank coal upgrading integrated system and comprehensive utilization of an upgraded product, and belongs to the technical field of upgrading conversion and comprehensive utilization of low-rank coal resources. The system comprises pre-drying equipment, a pyrolyzer, a coal/semi-coke cooler and auxiliary equipment. After being dried by pre-drying equipment, a part of low-rank coal enters a boiler for burning, and the rest enters the pyrolyzer; the coal chemically reacts with flue gas, air and water vapor in the pyrolyzer, and the generated blended fuel is fed into a furnace chamber for burning; upgraded coal is cooled through the coal/semi-coke cooler and then fed into a coal/semi-coke bin for storing. The system has the advantages as follows: the low-rank coal is upgraded, converted and comprehensively used while generating loads of a coal-fired power plant are met, so that coal/semi-coke, which is high in energy grade, and low in activity, and can be safely transported at a long distance, is obtained, and has an extremely high practical value, and the technical difficulties that the low-rank coal is easy to spontaneously combust and high in moisture are solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to low-rank coal resource upgrading conversion, technical field of comprehensive utilization, the integrated system of particularly a kind of coal power station and low-rank coal upgrading and upgraded product fully utilize.
Background technology
Rich coal resources in China is coal production state maximum in the world and country of consumption, is also one of a few disposable energy country based on coal in the world.And wherein low-rank coal accounts for more than 50% of coal resources in China total amount, and China's low-rank coal resource is distributed in China western part and northern underpopulatio area mostly, and distance southeastern coast industry developed regions are far away.Low-rank coal refers to the coal (general dry ash-free basis volatile matter >20%) that degree of coalification is lower.The distinguishing feature of low-rank coal is that moisture is high, volatile matter is high, calorific value is low and easily spontaneous combustion, and therefore the economical transport radius of this coal is far smaller than other coals, and the pollutant emission in burning use procedure is far longer than again other coals.
The research of low-rank coal upgrading technology starts from the eighties in 20th century, and through the development of nearly 40 years, part low-rank coal upgrading technology was tending towards ripe, and is progressively applied in suitability for industrialized production.Divide according to low-rank coal upgrading degree, at present both at home and abroad low-rank coal upgrading technology is mainly divided into shaping, the drying and dehydrating upgrading technology of Physical and the large class of pyrolysis (destructive distillation) upgrading technology two of chemical method.Wherein, the dry heat solution of low-rank coal can make full use of the quality characteristic of low-rank coal, and carry out comprehensive utilization exploitation to it, being effectively extracted the recyclable component of wherein each class, is a kind of method having promotion prospect.The ultimate principle of low-rank coal dry thermal cracking upgrading technology is after low-rank coal removes moisture, under the condition of anoxybiotic, high temperature, carry out destructive distillation, generates the process of coal gas, tar and semicoke.
Coal utilization is in the general layout that coal comprehensive utilization was produced, do not focused on to a kind of single development of coal always for a long time.It is based on the extremely low direct burning of the utilising efficiency of single production process that the major part of coal resources utilizes, and other gasifications, liquefaction are also based on single process, not comprehensive utilization.Higher transformation efficiency is obtained in order to make conversion process, often need complicated technique and higher operational conditions, thus cause conversing technology complicated, equipment is huge, investment and production cost high, even if obtain greater efficiency in single production technique, the overall utilising efficiency of its energy also can not be very high, and single production process can cause the very large wasting of resources.In the past to the direct burning of coal be exactly single using each for coal component all as fuel mix burning, and its upgrading not to be fully utilized, makes utilization ratio extremely low.
In sum, need that to look for a kind of take low-rank coal as the system of integrated multiple production technique of resource badly.This patent proposes a kind of low-rank coal upgrading system mutually integrated with coal power station accordingly, coal resources utilization ratio is improved from the angle of whole utilization efficiency, and can produce high-energy grade, low activity, the coal/semicoke that can long-distancely transport safely, solve the easy spontaneous combustion of low-rank coal and a moisture high-technology difficult problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide the integrated system of a kind of coal power station and low-rank coal upgrading and upgraded product fully utilizes, it is characterized in that, the integrated system of described coal power station and low-rank coal upgrading comprises the predrying equipment of coal, the pyrolyzer of coal, coal/semicoke water cooler and subsidiary engine equipment thereof, wherein the solid outlet of predrying equipment is connected with the boiler of coal power station with the hot gas outlet of pyrolyzer, the solid outlet of coal/semicoke water cooler is connected with the steam turbine back heating system of coal power station, the integrated system of composition coal power station and low-rank coal upgrading.
Described predrying equipment is made up of the predrying equipment of low temperature and middle temperature is dried equipment, and the predrying equipment of low temperature arranges low-rank coal feeding mouth, and the predrying equipment of low temperature is connected by the boiler of pipeline with middle temperature is dried equipment and coal power station; Middle temperature is dried equipment is connected with boiler air preheater smoke inlet place back-end ductwork bleeding point B by pipeline, and middle temperature is dried equipment is connected with pyrolyzer and blower fan respectively; Blower fan is connected with pyrolyzer smoke inlet again; Pyrolyzer solid inlet is connected with middle temperature is dried equipment solid outlet, its gas/gas entrance is connected with extracted steam from turbine with air preheater bleeding point A warm air, the gas delivery port of pyrolyzer is connected with boiler, and the solids outlet of pyrolyzer is connected with the entrance of coal/semicoke water cooler; Air preheater smoke evacuation place back-end ductwork bleeding point C is connected with the predrying equipment pneumatic outlet of low temperature; Coal/semicoke water cooler is connected with the high pressure heater of steam turbine, and its solid outlet is connected with coal/half coke bin.
The steam entry of described pyrolyzer is connected with the intermediate pressure cylinder steam discharge extraction opening of steam turbine.
The heat-eliminating medium entrance of described semicoke water cooler is connected with condensate pump, and condensate pump supplements water coolant to semicoke water cooler; Condensed water is heat temperature raising in semicoke water cooler, and the condensed water after intensification turns back to more higher leveled bleeder heater entrance by water pump.
The upgraded product of the integrated system of a kind of coal power station and low-rank coal upgrading fully utilizes, and it is characterized in that, comprising:
1) described air is heated to 250-350 DEG C through air preheater, and after heating, a part of warm air sends into boiler, and another part sends into pyrolyzer through air preheater bleeding point A; Low-temperature flue gas part bleeding point C after air preheater of air preheater outlet 120-140 DEG C enters the predrying equipment of low temperature, and remaining part enters clean unit; Low-rank coal free surface moisture after the predrying equipment of low temperature is down to original less than 60%
,its time of drying is 2-4 minute; Wherein a part of low-rank coal sends into the boiler combustion of coal power station by coal-grinding and coal handling system, produce the generating of Steam Actuation steam turbine drive electrical generators, rest part enters middle temperature is dried equipment by pipeline, the flue gas temperature of the predrying equipment outlet of low temperature is 90-100 DEG C, enters gas cleaning unit after mixing with former boiler back end ductwork flue gas; Enter middle temperature is dried equipment from 300-400 DEG C of flue gas warm flue gas in bleeding point B exports of air preheater smoke inlet, carry out redrying to low-rank coal, make moisture content of coal be reduced to less than 5% further, required time is 4 ~ 6 minutes; Time of drying changes according to raw coal change of soil water content; The middle temperature flue-gas temperature of middle temperature is dried equipment outlet is 120-200 DEG C, then sends into pyrolyzer through blower fan;
2) after described middle temperature is dried equipment redrying, low-rank coal enters in pyrolyzer by pyrolyzer solid inlet, in pyrolyzer, and coal and flue gas, air, water vapour generation chemical reaction, the gas mixture of generation sends into hearth combustion generating; Wherein the air of pyrolyzer then hang oneself air preheater heating warm air, its water vapour is then provided by Steam Turbine Through IP Admission steam discharge, and air preheater bleeding point A warm air enters from the air/vapor body entrance of pyrolyzer, and this place's hot air temperature is 250-350 DEG C; Enter from the steam entry of pyrolyzer, the vapor pressure at this place is 0.5-1.0MPa and temperature is 250-330 DEG C; The heat provided by partial coal combustion is again to ensure that pyrolysis temperature maintains 300-400 DEG C, and the coal calorific value that its pyrolysis time exports according to pyrolyzer is determined; The calorific value of the coal of pyrolyzer outlet improves 10 ~ 30% than former low-rank coal, and the feeding hearth combustion of the gas mixture that itself and pyrolyzer export and duff ash generates electricity, and the temperature of solids outlet coal/semicoke is 300-400 DEG C;
3) send into coal/half coke bin after the high combustion value coal that exports of pyrolyzer and semicoke product are cooled to 50-60 DEG C in coal/semicoke water cooler to preserve, or the boiler combustion of input coal power station, produce and steam the generating of pushing turbine drive electrical generators.The invention has the beneficial effects as follows low-rank coal upgrading application, substantially increase the added value of low-rank coal.This system improves the energy taste of low-rank coal, enrich the type of service of low-rank coal; While meeting coal power station generation load, produce high-energy grade, SA, the coal/semicoke that can long-distancely transport safely, there is higher practical value, solve the easy spontaneous combustion of low-rank coal and a moisture high-technology difficult problem.Simultaneity factor overall thermal utilising efficiency is higher, lower to each technique unit equipment requirements, and production operation is simple, has good economic benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of integrated system.The predrying equipment of 1-low temperature in figure, 2-middle temperature is dried equipment, 3-pyrolyzer, 4-coal/semicoke water cooler, 5-air preheater, 6-boiler, 7-blower fan, 8-steam turbine, 9-coal/half coke bin, 10-condensate pump, 11-high pressure heater.
Embodiment
The invention provides integrated system and the comprehensive utilization thereof of a kind of coal power station and low-rank coal upgrading; Be explained below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Figure 1 shows that the structural representation of integrated system.The integrated system of described coal power station and low-rank coal upgrading comprises the predrying equipment 1 of low temperature, middle temperature is dried equipment 2, pyrolyzer 3, coal/semicoke water cooler 4, air preheater 5, boiler 6, blower fan 7, steam turbine 8, coal/half coke bin 9, condensate pump 10 and high pressure heater 11 and subsidiary engine equipment thereof; Wherein the solid outlet of predrying equipment 1 is connected with the boiler 6 of coal power station with the hot gas outlet of pyrolyzer 3, the solid outlet of coal/semicoke water cooler 4 is connected with the steam turbine back heating system of coal power station, the integrated system of composition coal power station and low-rank coal upgrading.
Described predrying equipment is made up of the predrying equipment 1 of low temperature and middle temperature is dried equipment 2, and the predrying equipment 1 of low temperature arranges low-rank coal feeding mouth, and the predrying equipment 1 of low temperature is connected by the boiler 6 of pipeline with middle temperature is dried equipment 2 and coal power station; Middle temperature is dried equipment 2 is connected by the bleeding point B of pipeline with the air preheater 5 smoke inlet place of boiler, and middle temperature is dried equipment 2 is connected with pyrolyzer 3 and blower fan 7 respectively; Blower fan 7 is connected with pyrolyzer 3 smoke inlet again; Pyrolyzer 3 solid inlet is connected with middle temperature is dried equipment 2 solid outlet, its gas/gas entrance is connected with the intermediate pressure cylinder extraction opening of steam turbine with air preheater 5 bleeding point A warm air, the gas delivery port of pyrolyzer is connected with boiler, and the solids outlet of pyrolyzer is connected with the entrance of coal/semicoke water cooler; Air preheater smoke evacuation place back-end ductwork bleeding point C is connected with the predrying equipment pneumatic outlet of low temperature; Coal/semicoke water cooler is connected with the high pressure heater 11 of steam turbine, and its solid outlet is connected with coal/half coke bin 9.The steam entry of pyrolyzer 3 is connected with the intermediate pressure cylinder steam discharge extraction opening of steam turbine.The heat-eliminating medium entrance of described semicoke water cooler 4 is connected with condensate pump 10, and condensate pump supplements water coolant to semicoke water cooler; Condensed water is heat temperature raising in semicoke water cooler 4, and the condensed water after intensification turns back to more higher leveled bleeder heater entrance by condensate pump.
The working process of the integrated system of coal power station and low-rank coal upgrading and comprehensive utilization, comprising:
1) described air is heated to 300 DEG C, after heating through air preheater, and a part of warm air sends into boiler, and another part sends into pyrolyzer through air preheater bleeding point A; Air preheater export 130 DEG C low-temperature flue gas a part after air preheater bleeding point C enter the predrying equipment of low temperature, remaining part enters clean unit; Low-rank coal free surface moisture after the predrying equipment of low temperature is down to original less than 60%
,its time of drying is 2-4 minute; Wherein a part of low-rank coal sends into the boiler combustion of coal power station by coal-grinding and coal handling system, produce the generating of Steam Actuation steam turbine drive electrical generators, rest part enters middle temperature is dried equipment by pipeline, the flue gas temperature of the predrying equipment outlet of low temperature is 955 DEG C, enters gas cleaning unit after mixing with former boiler back end ductwork flue gas; Enter middle temperature is dried equipment from 400 DEG C of flue gases warm flue gas in bleeding point B exports of air preheater smoke inlet, carry out redrying to low-rank coal, make moisture content of coal be reduced to less than 5% further, required time is 6 minutes; Time of drying changes according to raw coal change of soil water content; The middle temperature flue-gas temperature of middle temperature is dried equipment outlet is 185 DEG C, then sends into pyrolyzer through blower fan;
2) after described middle temperature is dried equipment redrying, low-rank coal enters in pyrolyzer by pyrolyzer solid inlet, in pyrolyzer, and coal and flue gas, air, water vapour generation chemical reaction, the gas mixture of generation sends into hearth combustion generating; Wherein the air of pyrolyzer then hang oneself air preheater heating warm air, its water vapour is then provided by Steam Turbine Through IP Admission steam discharge, and air preheater bleeding point A warm air enters from the air/vapor body entrance of pyrolyzer, and this place's hot air temperature is 300 DEG C; Enter from the steam entry of pyrolyzer, the vapor pressure at this place is 0.5-1.0MPa and temperature is 320 DEG C; The heat provided by partial coal combustion is again to ensure that pyrolysis temperature maintains 400 DEG C, and the coal calorific value that its pyrolysis time exports according to pyrolyzer is determined; The calorific value of the coal of pyrolyzer outlet improves 10 ~ 30% than former low-rank coal, and the feeding hearth combustion of the gas mixture that itself and pyrolyzer export and duff ash generates electricity, and the temperature of solids outlet coal/semicoke is 300-400 DEG C;
3) send into coal/half coke bin after the high combustion value coal that exports of pyrolyzer and semicoke product are cooled to 50-60 DEG C in coal/semicoke water cooler to preserve, or the boiler combustion of input coal power station, produce and steam the generating of pushing turbine drive electrical generators.The invention has the beneficial effects as follows low-rank coal upgrading application, substantially increase the added value of low-rank coal.This system improves the energy taste of low-rank coal, enrich the type of service of low-rank coal; While meeting coal power station generation load, produce high-energy grade, SA, the coal/semicoke that can long-distancely transport safely, there is higher practical value, solve the easy spontaneous combustion of low-rank coal and a moisture high-technology difficult problem.Simultaneity factor overall thermal utilising efficiency is higher, lower to each technique unit equipment requirements, and production operation is simple, has good economic benefit.
The present invention while meeting coal power station generation load, produce high-energy grade, low activity, the coal/semicoke that can long-distancely transport safely, there is higher practical value, solve the easy spontaneous combustion of low-rank coal and a moisture high-technology difficult problem.Simultaneity factor overall thermal utilising efficiency is higher, lower to each technique unit equipment requirements, and production operation is simple, has good economic benefit.
Claims (5)
1. the integrated system of a coal power station and low-rank coal upgrading, it is characterized in that, the integrated system of described coal power station and low-rank coal upgrading comprises the predrying equipment of coal, the pyrolyzer of coal, coal/semicoke water cooler and subsidiary engine equipment thereof, wherein the solid outlet of predrying equipment is connected with the boiler of coal power station with the hot gas outlet of pyrolyzer, and the solid outlet of coal/semicoke water cooler is connected with the steam turbine back heating system of coal power station, the integrated system of composition coal power station and low-rank coal upgrading.
2. the integrated system of coal power station and low-rank coal upgrading according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described predrying equipment is made up of the predrying equipment of low temperature and middle temperature is dried equipment, the predrying equipment of low temperature arranges low-rank coal feeding mouth, and the predrying equipment of low temperature is connected by the boiler of pipeline with middle temperature is dried equipment and coal power station; Middle temperature is dried equipment is connected with boiler air preheater smoke inlet place back-end ductwork bleeding point B by pipeline, and middle temperature is dried equipment is connected with pyrolyzer and blower fan respectively; Blower fan is connected with pyrolyzer smoke inlet again; Pyrolyzer solid inlet is connected with middle temperature is dried equipment solid outlet, its gas/gas entrance is connected with extracted steam from turbine with air preheater bleeding point A warm air, the gas delivery port of pyrolyzer is connected with boiler, and the solids outlet of pyrolyzer is connected with the entrance of coal/semicoke water cooler; Air preheater smoke evacuation place back-end ductwork bleeding point C is connected with the predrying equipment pneumatic outlet of low temperature; Coal/semicoke water cooler is connected with the high pressure heater of steam turbine, and its solid outlet is connected with coal/half coke bin.
3. the integrated system of coal power station and low-rank coal upgrading according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the steam entry of described pyrolyzer is connected with the intermediate pressure cylinder steam discharge extraction opening of steam turbine.
4. the integrated system of coal power station and low-rank coal upgrading according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the heat-eliminating medium entrance of described semicoke water cooler is connected with condensate pump, and condensate pump supplements water coolant to semicoke water cooler; Condensed water is heat temperature raising in semicoke water cooler, and the condensed water after intensification turns back to more higher leveled bleeder heater entrance by water pump.
5. the upgraded product of the integrated system of a coal power station and low-rank coal upgrading fully utilizes, and it is characterized in that, comprising:
1) described air is heated to 250-350 DEG C through air preheater, and after heating, a part of warm air sends into boiler, and another part sends into pyrolyzer through air preheater bleeding point A; Low-temperature flue gas part bleeding point C after air preheater of air preheater outlet 120-140 DEG C enters the predrying equipment of low temperature, and remaining part enters clean unit; Low-rank coal free surface moisture after the predrying equipment of low temperature is down to original less than 60%
,its time of drying is 2-4 minute; Wherein a part of low-rank coal sends into the boiler combustion of coal power station by coal-grinding and coal handling system, produce the generating of Steam Actuation steam turbine drive electrical generators, rest part enters middle temperature is dried equipment by pipeline, the flue gas temperature of the predrying equipment outlet of low temperature is 90-100 DEG C, enters gas cleaning unit after mixing with former boiler back end ductwork flue gas; Enter middle temperature is dried equipment from 300-400 DEG C of flue gas warm flue gas in bleeding point B exports of air preheater smoke inlet, carry out redrying to low-rank coal, make moisture content of coal be reduced to less than 5% further, required time is 4-6 minute; Time of drying changes according to raw coal change of soil water content; The middle temperature flue-gas temperature of middle temperature is dried equipment outlet is 120-200 DEG C, then sends into pyrolyzer through blower fan;
2) after described middle temperature is dried equipment redrying, low-rank coal enters in pyrolyzer by pyrolyzer solid inlet, in pyrolyzer, and coal and flue gas, air, water vapour generation chemical reaction, the gas mixture of generation sends into hearth combustion generating; Wherein the air of pyrolyzer then hang oneself air preheater heating warm air, its water vapour is then provided by Steam Turbine Through IP Admission steam discharge, and air preheater bleeding point A warm air enters from the air/vapor body entrance of pyrolyzer, and this place's hot air temperature is 250-350 DEG C; Enter from the steam entry of pyrolyzer, the vapor pressure at this place is 0.5-1.0MPa and temperature is 250-330 DEG C; The heat provided by partial coal combustion is again to ensure that pyrolysis temperature maintains 300-400 DEG C, and the coal calorific value that its pyrolysis time exports according to pyrolyzer is determined; The calorific value of the coal of pyrolyzer outlet improves 10 ~ 30% than former low-rank coal, and the feeding hearth combustion of the gas mixture that itself and pyrolyzer export and duff ash generates electricity, and the temperature of solids outlet coal/semicoke is 300-400 DEG C;
3) send into coal/half coke bin after the high combustion value coal that exports of pyrolyzer and semicoke product are cooled to 50-60 DEG C in coal/semicoke water cooler to preserve, or the boiler combustion of input coal power station, produce and steam the generating of pushing turbine drive electrical generators.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107035444A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-11 | 华电电力科学研究院 | One kind coupling thermal power generation and CO2The zero carbon polygenerations systeme and method of conversion |
| CN108559542A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-21 | 西安交通大学 | Steam predrying and low temperature pyrogenation coupled system and operation method |
| CN108592071A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-28 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of predrying and pyrolysis coupling system and operation method with steam exhaust recycling |
| CN110330992A (en) * | 2019-07-06 | 2019-10-15 | 赫普科技发展（北京）有限公司 | Thermal power station's destructive distillation coal system and method, product of coal and boiler load adjusting method |
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Application publication date: 20150513 |