CN104609773A - Method for preparing synthetic biomass model sand used in movable bed sediment model test - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing synthetic biomass model sand used in a movable bed sediment model test. The method comprises the following steps of carrying out carbonizing treatment on wood or wooden rice husk raw materials at a temperature of 180 DEG C-800 DEG C; pulverizing to not more than 300 meshes and mixing 30-40 parts of biomass charcoal, 10-20 parts of clay or ultra-fine talcum powder and 50-70 parts of phenolic resin to form a model sand mixed material; carrying out fusion processing through an extruder at a temperature of 180 DEG C-200 DEG C and carrying out heat preservation for more than two hours to obtain a synthetic carbon solidified substrate; pulverizing and sorting to obtain the model sand which is suitable for test requirement and has a particle size range of 0.08mm-5.0mm. The synthetic biomass model sand has the advantages of adjustable volume weight, adjustable particle size, wide particle size range, stable performance, low cost and the like and has particle shape similar to that of natural sand, can be simultaneously applicable to a suspended sediment model test, a bottom sediment model test and a total sediment model test and provides a novel sediment selection way for the movable bed model design, especially a total sediment model design and sediment selection.

Description

A kind of preparation method of movable bed sediment model test synthesising biological matter model sasnd

Technical field

The invention belongs to the movable bed sediment model experimental technique field of simulating river, relate to a kind of preparation method for water conservancy project, river work and harbor work's movable bed sediment model test synthesising biological matter model sasnd.

Background technology

Model sasnd is indispensable basic material in movable bed physical experiments, and model choosing sand is also one of gordian technique of movable bed sediment model design.For abnormal movable bed model, for the model meeting unidirectional suspension or starting requirement of similarity, model choosing is husky than being easier to, but suspends if will meet silt simultaneously, start and river bed deformed similarity, then model selects husky requirement higher.Due to the husky defect in unit weight, particle diameter, performance etc. of current existing conventional model, the defect that particularly unit weight is fixing, when making pattern layout, can only by adopting the way of adjustment grain diameter, reach the requirement that model is similar, model selects sand to be subject to great restriction, even sometimes seems very difficult, and this factor becomes restriction at present and affects the major cause of sediment model experiment state of the art and test accuracy.Therefore research and develop physical and chemical performance to stablize, particle unit weight, particle diameter can adjust as required, cheap practicality, the model sasnd of requirement of similarity can be met, for Controlling and developing researchs such as simulating river and river course, navigation channel, seashores, there is important theory significance and engineering use value.

For overcoming conventional model sand (as coal, wood chip, bakelite etc.) consolidation, flake, bubble, go mouldy, refinement, the defect such as flocculation, especially for the shortcoming that existing model sasnd unit weight is fixing, adopt certain mineral or chemical material, use novel process and new technology, have developed synthetic model sasnd.Existing synthetic model sasnd solves the nonadjustable problem of unit weight preferably, there is unit weight adjust, Color tunable, particle diameter is adjustable, particle shape and natural sand close to etc. obvious advantage, existing synthetic is husky, employing plastics are base material, solve unit weight preferably, color, particle diameter is adjustable and particle shape close to problems such as natural sands, its motion characteristics and Sediment transport characteristics are all better than conventional model sand, but cause its cost higher because plastic raw materials price is higher, and be subject to the restriction of existing production technique level, be difficult to the fine sand that acquisition grain diameter is less than below 0.1mm, its test application is subject to certain restrictions, but the thinking of synthetic sand, provide the solution that model sasnd unit weight is adjustable, the reason analyzing its cost high is, the main basic material of model sasnd adopts chemical plastic, in short supply along with petroleum resources, material cost still can improve gradually.Therefore seek model sasnd or the base material equivalent material of cheap, environmental protection, adopt artificial synthesis, manufacture model sasnd that is cheap, excellent property, have broad application prospects.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides the preparation method of wide, the cheap movable bed sediment model test synthesising biological matter model sasnd of a kind of different unit weight, particle size range.This model sasnd forms through explained hereafter such as charing, fusion, pulverizing, the base material adopted is the biological materials such as charcoal, wood powder, rice hull carbon, carbonized wood, tackiness agent and carclazyte powder or talcum powder are auxiliary material, by the different ratio of base material and auxiliary material, realize synthetics unit weight 1.1g/cm ³~ 1.5g/cm ³between adjustable, again by different grinding and sorting process, realize obtaining the model sasnd that particle diameter is the different size between 0.08mm ~ 5.0mm, this model sasnd has unit weight and grain diameter is adjustable, particle size range wide (particularly grain diameter can obtain and be less than below 0.1mm), particle shape be close to advantages such as natural sand, stable performance, cheapnesss, can be applicable to outstanding husky model, bed-sit model and complete husky model trial use, for design of movable model, particularly complete husky pattern layout and test provide new model sasnd to select approach simultaneously.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of preparation method of movable bed sediment model test synthesising biological matter model sasnd, specifically carries out according to following steps:

Step 1, carries out timber or charing process that is wooden, rice husk raw material;

Choose timber or wooden, rice husk biomass material, adopt kiln process or dry distillation to obtain biomass charcoal, biomass charcoal is charcoal or rice hull carbon, controls kiln temperature at 180 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C in process;

Step 2, the outfit of model sasnd mixing raw material;

Biomass charcoal is ground to 300 orders, according to parts by weight, get the ratio uniform mixing of biomass charcoal 30 ~ 40 parts, carclazyte or superfine talcum powder 10 ~ 20 parts, 50 ~ 70 parts, resol, the husky mixing raw material of formation model;

Step 3, the fusion of model sasnd mixing raw material;

By above-mentioned model sasnd mixing raw material, through forcing machine fusion treatment, the temperature of fusion treatment is 180 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, more than 2 hours hold-time, obtains synthesis charcoal consolidation base material;

Step 4, pulverizes;

Cooling after synthesis charcoal consolidation base material after merging is taken out, and carry out pulverizing, sorting, obtain the model sasnd particle being applicable to test needs, after pulverizing, the model sasnd particle size range of acquisition is 0.08mm ~ 5.0mm.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, the present invention is that a kind of cost is low, riverbed bed ripples is less, the synthesising biological matter charcoal model sasnd that particle size range is wide, its objective is as silt movable bed physical model provides unit weight adjustable, particle is thinner, stable performance, the model sasnd that cost is low, solve existing conventional model sand and the husky defect selecting inadequate resource in sand in movable-bed model test of synthetic model, the utilization of this kind of model sasnd, for design of movable model and test provide new resource, and can greatly improve movable-bed model test precision, can be widely used in river, river mouth, the husky basic theories experimental study of water that seashore is correlated with and the model investigation of development and usage.

Embodiment

Embodiment one

Unit weight is set as 1.20g/cm below with one ³the example that is prepared as of the synthesis charcoal model sasnd of left and right is described in detail the present invention:

Choosing timber is raw material, and adopt kiln process to acquire charcoal, control kiln temperature in process at 180 DEG C, charcoal pick-up rate is 25% ~ 30%; Ground by charcoal to 300 orders, obtain model sasnd mixing raw material according to following weight proportion, its proportioning is: charcoal: 30 parts, liquid phenolic resin: 50 parts, superfine talcum powder 10 parts; Above-mentioned model sasnd compound is added in stirrer stir, mixing, and the material mixed is put into baking oven after forcing machine is extruded carry out fusion consolidation process, oven temperature controls at 180 degree, and keeps 2 hours; Cooling after mixing cementing material after merging is taken out, and carry out pulverizing, sorting obtains the model sasnd that movable-bed model test needs, the model sasnd particle size range that the method obtains is at 0.08mm ~ 5.0mm, and the unit weight of model sasnd is at 1.13g/cm ³~ 1.21g/cm ³between.

Embodiment two

Unit weight is set as 1.25g/cm below with one ³the example that is prepared as of the synthesis mud wooden mold sand of left and right is described in detail the present invention:

Choosing timber is raw material, and adopt kiln process to acquire carbonized wood, control kiln temperature in process at 300 DEG C, the pick-up rate of carbonized wood is generally 70 ~ 80%; Ground by carbonized wood to 300 orders, obtain model sasnd mixing raw material according to following weight proportion, its proportioning is: carbonized wood: 40 parts, carclazyte powder: 20 parts, liquid phenolic resin: 70 parts; Above-mentioned model sasnd compound is added in stirrer stir, mixing, and the material mixed is put into baking oven after forcing machine is extruded carry out fusion consolidation process, oven temperature controls at 200 degree, and keeps 2 hours; Mixing cementing material after merging is taken out cooling, and carry out pulverizing, sorting obtains the model sasnd that movable-bed model test needs, the model sasnd particle size range that the method obtains is at 0.08mm ~ 5.0mm, and the unit weight of model sasnd is at 1.2g/cm ³~ 1.3g/cm ³between.

Embodiment three

Unit weight is set as 1.30g/cm below with one ³the example that is prepared as of the synthesis charcoal model sasnd of left and right is described in detail the present invention:

Choose rice husk biomass material, adopt dry distillation to obtain rice hull carbon, control kiln temperature in process at 800 DEG C; Biomass charcoal is ground to 300 orders, according to parts by weight, get the ratio uniform mixing of biomass charcoal 35 parts, carclazyte 15 parts, 60 parts, resol, the husky mixing raw material of formation model; By above-mentioned model sasnd mixing raw material, through forcing machine fusion treatment, the temperature of fusion treatment is 190 DEG C, more than 2 hours hold-time, obtains synthesis charcoal consolidation base material; Cooling after synthesis charcoal consolidation base material after merging is taken out, and carry out pulverizing, sorting, obtain the model sasnd particle being applicable to test needs, after pulverizing, the model sasnd particle size range of acquisition is 0.08mm ~ 5.0mm, and the unit weight of model sasnd is at 1.3g/cm ³left and right.

Claims (1)

1. a movable bed sediment model test preparation method for synthesising biological matter model sasnd, is characterized in that, specifically carry out according to following steps:

Step 1, carries out timber or charing process that is wooden, rice husk raw material;

Choose timber or wooden, rice husk biomass material, adopt kiln process or dry distillation to obtain biomass charcoal, biomass charcoal is charcoal or rice hull carbon, controls kiln temperature at 180 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C in process;

Step 2, the outfit of model sasnd mixing raw material;

Biomass charcoal is ground to 300 orders, according to parts by weight, get the ratio uniform mixing of biomass charcoal 30 ~ 40 parts, carclazyte or superfine talcum powder 10 ~ 20 parts, 50 ~ 70 parts, resol, the husky mixing raw material of formation model;

Step 3, the fusion of model sasnd mixing raw material;

By above-mentioned model sasnd mixing raw material, through forcing machine fusion treatment, the temperature of fusion treatment is 180 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, more than 2 hours hold-time, obtains synthesis charcoal consolidation base material;

Step 4, pulverizes;

Cooling after synthesis charcoal consolidation base material after merging is taken out, and carry out pulverizing, sorting, obtain the model sasnd particle being applicable to test needs, after pulverizing, the model sasnd particle size range of acquisition is 0.08mm ~ 5.0mm.