CN104600719A - System and method for connecting photovoltaic power generation system with comprehensive reactive compensation control system in grid-connected mode - Google Patents
System and method for connecting photovoltaic power generation system with comprehensive reactive compensation control system in grid-connected mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN104600719A CN104600719A CN201510050581.4A CN201510050581A CN104600719A CN 104600719 A CN104600719 A CN 104600719A CN 201510050581 A CN201510050581 A CN 201510050581A CN 104600719 A CN104600719 A CN 104600719A
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- H02J3/385—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photovoltaic grid-connected reactive compensation control method and system and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation control. A data collection circuit and a control circuit are utilized to achieve photovoltaic power generation grid-connected comprehensive automatic reactive compensation and harmonic control. A data collecting unit is utilized to acquire system side power factors, the maximum power tracking of photovoltaic power generation and grid-connected harmonic before and after photovoltaic grid connection, and the switching capacitor of a reactive compensation capacitor is determined according to the requirements for the maximum output power of a photovoltaic power station, the photovoltaic grid-connected harmonic, the user side power achieved after photovoltaic grid connection and the like. The method and system has the advantages of being capable of comprehensively considering system reactive voltage control and harmonic caused by photovoltaic grid connection, inverter harmonic removing and reactive local balance are utilized to achieve coordination control of a reactive compensation device and photovoltaic output power to further improve quality of power connected into the system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the grid-connected idle control of photovoltaic generating system and harmonic controling, belong to renewable photovoltaic generating system cutting-in control field, what be specifically related to is photovoltaic generating system grid integration Comprehensive Reactive Power Compensation control system and method thereof.
Background technology
The energy and environmental crisis have become the major issue affecting Human Sustainable Development, and utilization that is clean, regenerative resource is the fundamental way addressed this problem.Along with the maturation of the renewable energy power generation technology such as wind power generation, photovoltaic generation, wave power generation, increasing renewable energy system is form access electrical network in a distributed manner, meets the demand of the daily production of people, household electricity.
Photovoltaic generating system is general with resource, pollution-free, equipment reliably and by the advantage of region restriction, is developed in recent years on a large scale.Photovoltaic not only can centrally connected power supply or be incorporated into the power networks, and photovoltaic generating system can also combine with building, thus improves the land utilization ratio of photovoltaic system.Along with country is to the support of photovoltaic industry, allow stand-alone PV power station grid integration, increasing enterprise plays an active part in the construction of photovoltaic plant, not only meets the electrical energy demands of self, unnecessary electricity can also be sent into electrical network simultaneously, bring benefit.Along with enterprise provides the extensive application of photovoltaic generating system for oneself, the user side quality of power supply must need to be met, and quality of power supply major embodiment is harmonic wave and power factor (PF).The grid-connected meeting of photovoltaic generating system brings a large amount of harmonic waves, can affect the life-span of equipment, also can pollute the electrical network quality of power supply simultaneously; Only have active power because photovoltaic generation exports, user must be caused to access the change of side power factor (PF), thus the influential system quality of power supply.
Therefore when enterprise provides photovoltaic generating system for oneself, reactive voltage and harmonic pollution problems must be administered by certain technological means, need to configure reactive-load compensation equipment, to improve the power factor (PF) that user side counts, thus improve the user side quality of power supply.The present invention solves the reactive power compensation and Harmonics elimination problem of paying photovoltaic access from the angle of system.
Summary of the invention
Provide the user side power quality problem of photovoltaic generating system grid integration for current enterprise for oneself, propose a kind of photovoltaic generating system grid integration Comprehensive Reactive Power Compensation control system and method, solve grid-connected nonfunctional voltage control problem.
For reaching above-mentioned target, the present invention realizes with following technical scheme:
A kind of photovoltaic generating system grid integration Comprehensive Reactive Power Compensation control system, it is characterized in that, comprise: a data acquisition circuit module, for acquisition system service data, these data gathered comprise photovoltaic cell VD, photovoltaic combining inverter DC side, AC voltage, electric current and phase angle; Inverter ac side harmonic voltage, electric current; Grid-connected transformer station low-voltage bus bar voltage, electric current and power factor (PF);
One photovoltaic maximal power tracing module, realizes the maximal power tracing of photovoltaic cell by controlling photovoltaic cell output DC voltage value;
One photovoltaic combining inverter module, PWM Waveform Control combining inverter is produced by electric current, voltage control, the grid integration collected some electric current is carried out PI control to obtain Voltage Reference amount by gathering grid-connected end electric current and reference current, then by and gather voltage and compare and control to obtain grid-connected voltage reference value by PI thus instruct generation PWM ripple;
One the control of reactive power compensating module, its effect controls reactive-load compensation capacitor reactive power to export, and to regulate user's grid integration magnitude of voltage and power factor (PF), meets the grid-connected voltage of user and power factor requirements.
A kind of photovoltaic generating system grid integration Comprehensive Reactive Power Compensation controls, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) measurement obtains the front user's actual loading power P of photovoltaic electric station grid connection access
l+ jQ
l, the power P that customer substation access absorbs from electrical network
g+ jQ
g, and calculate customer substation power factor (PF)
relation before known photovoltaic plant access between power: P
l+ jQ
l=P
g+ jQ
g, suppose that the requirement of grid company to user's access power factor is: cos α; Wherein P
luser's lateral load active power, Q
lfor user's lateral load reactive power, P
gfor active power, Q that user absorbs from electrical network
gthe reactive power absorbed from electrical network for user, j are the vector description of power, cos α be system power factor,
for grid company requires user side power factor (PF);
2) measurement obtains photovoltaic system power output active-power P
v, calculate the rear customer substation power factor (PF) of photovoltaic system access:
it can thus be appreciated that the access of photovoltaic plant causes the reduction of user side power factor (PF).
3) reactive power compensation amount is needed to be Q after photovoltaic access
c, now power factor angle is
the change calculating power factor angle before and after photovoltaic system access must meet:
4) obtain from step (3)
now when photovoltaic plant access reactive-load compensation equipment needs the reactive power compensation amount provided to be at least
control the idle output of reactive-load compensation equipment thus.
When photovoltaic plant accesses, reactive power compensation amount and load and the meritorious existence of exerting oneself of photovoltaic
relation, transformation for mula is known in the timing of System Reactive Power step-length capacity one, and meritorious the exerting oneself of photovoltaic is restricted
therefore, when user provides photovoltaic generating system for oneself, it must install reactive-load compensation equipment simultaneously, and reactive-load compensation equipment capacity and photovoltaic generating system capacity mate mutually, to improve user side power factor (PF).
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Photovoltaic array of the present invention has maximal power tracing function, utilizes disturbance observation determination photovoltaic cell output voltage and carrys out control realization by Boost circuit; User side power factor (PF) when can monitor photovoltaic system grid integration, and determine user side reactive power and instantaneous power by instantaneous reactive detection method, system side power factor (PF) after analytical calculation photovoltaic electric station grid connection, exports suitable reactive power to meet the requirement of system power factor, the quality of power supply by the power factor (PF) obtained, system side voltage and current signal transmission to Reactive-power control equipment; In addition, the grid-connected System Reactive Power voltage control brought and harmonic problem can be considered, by inverter harmonic elimination and idle in-situ balancing, realize the cooperation control of reactive-load compensation equipment and photovoltaic power output to improve the quality of power supply of system access.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of photovoltaic electric station grid connection of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is grid-connected controller schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is photovoltaic generating system grid integration schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
The technological means realized to make the present invention, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with concrete diagram, setting forth the present invention further.
See Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the invention provides a kind of photovoltaic generating system grid-connection comprehensive reactive-load compensation method, provide the user side electrical problem of photovoltaic generating system grid integration for current enterprise for oneself, propose the harmonic pollution by the access of Comprehensive Control reactive-load compensation equipment resolution system and power factor (PF) problem.Native system comprise data acquisition circuit module, photovoltaic maximal power tracing control module, system loading tracking module, Inverter control module, the control of reactive power compensating module etc. formation; Utilize data collecting module collected photovoltaic system grid-connected front and back circuit voltage, electric current and power parameter: comprise photovoltaic battery panel output voltage electric current, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter DC side, AC electric current and voltage data, inverter ac side harmonic voltage electric current, user accesses the data such as transformer substation voltage, electric current and power factor (PF).
Wherein, data acquisition circuit module, for acquisition system service data, these data of collection comprise photovoltaic cell VD, photovoltaic combining inverter DC side, AC voltage, electric current and phase angle; Inverter ac side harmonic voltage, electric current; Grid-connected transformer station low-voltage bus bar voltage, electric current and power factor (PF);
Photovoltaic maximal power tracing module, realizes the maximal power tracing of photovoltaic cell by controlling photovoltaic cell output DC voltage value;
Photovoltaic combining inverter module, PWM Waveform Control combining inverter is produced by electric current, voltage control, the grid integration collected some circuit current is carried out PI control to obtain Voltage Reference amount by gathering grid-connected end electric current and reference current, then by and gather voltage and compare and control to obtain grid-connected voltage reference value by PI thus instruct generation PWM ripple;
The control of reactive power compensating module, its effect controls reactive-load compensation capacitor reactive power to export, and to regulate user's grid integration magnitude of voltage and power factor (PF), meets the grid-connected voltage of user and power factor requirements.
Calculate photovoltaic cell output voltage and electric current according to photovoltaic illumination, temperature data, according to tracing maximum power of photovoltaic cell, utilize the PWM chop control of Boost circuit to reach the maximal power tracing of photovoltaic cell;
The present invention is the DC boosting utilizing Boost circuit (switch DC booster circuit) to realize photovoltaic system, and namely circuit DC/DC converts; After boosting process, be alternating current through inverter circuit by DC conversion, the DC/AC conversion of realizing circuit.In DC/DC, DC/AC conversion process, circuit certainly leads to a large amount of harmonic waves, is reached the object of system harmonic elimination by the harmonic compensation of inverter circuit.
Harmonic current, mainly by the harmonic current of harmonics detection circuit determination circuit, is separated and passes through coordinate transform by the harmonic compensation of inverter circuit, under transition ac harmonic currents is converted to rotational coordinates.Under rotational coordinates, by harmonic current oppositely and reference current superpose, and through current inner loop, outer voltage proportional plus integral control, finally generate PWM ripple through modulation algorithm and carry out the parallel network reverse that control inverter realizes photovoltaic system, there is the function of harmonic carcellation simultaneously.
The active power that the grid-connected output of photovoltaic system of the present invention is certain thus decrease from electrical network absorb active power, now customer substation power factor (PF) must reduce, thus the quality of power supply of influential system, therefore must carry out reactive power compensation and just can reach the grid-connected requirement of user.When photovoltaic system is grid-connected, photovoltaic generating system grid-connection comprehensive reactive-load compensation method is as follows:
1) measurement obtains the front user's actual loading power P of photovoltaic electric station grid connection access
l+ jQ
l, the power P that customer substation access absorbs from electrical network
g+ jQ
g, and calculate customer substation power factor (PF)
relation before known photovoltaic plant access between power: P
l+ jQ
l=P
g+ jQ
g, suppose that the requirement of grid company to user's access power factor is: cos α, wherein P
luser's lateral load active power, Q
lfor user's lateral load reactive power, P
gfor active power, Q that user absorbs from electrical network
gthe reactive power absorbed from electrical network for user, j are the vector description of power, cos α be system power factor,
for grid company requires user side power factor (PF); .
2) measurement obtains photovoltaic system power output active-power P
v, calculate the rear customer substation power factor (PF) of photovoltaic system access:
it can thus be appreciated that the access of photovoltaic plant causes the reduction of user side power factor (PF).
3) reactive power compensation amount is needed to be Q after photovoltaic access
c, now power factor angle is
the change of power factor angle before and after photovoltaic system access can be calculated and meet:
4) it can thus be appreciated that
now when photovoltaic plant access reactive-load compensation equipment needs the reactive power compensation amount provided to be at least
control the idle output of reactive-load compensation equipment thus.
5) when photovoltaic plant accesses, reactive power compensation amount and load and the meritorious existence of exerting oneself of photovoltaic
relation, transformation for mula is known in the timing of System Reactive Power compensation equipment capacity one, and photovoltaic system installed capacity must meet
The present invention utilizes data acquisition circuit and control circuit to realize comprehensive automation reactive power compensation and the harmonic controling of photovoltaic power generation grid-connecting access, grid-connected front and back system side power factor (PF), the maximal power tracing of photovoltaic generation and grid-connected harmonic wave is obtained by data acquisition unit, according to requirements such as photovoltaic plant peak power output, grid-connected harmonic wave, grid-connected rear user side power factor (PF)s, determine reactive-load compensation capacitor switching capacity.Photovoltaic array has maximal power tracing function, utilizes disturbance observation determination photovoltaic cell output voltage and carrys out control realization by Boost circuit; User side power factor (PF) when can monitor photovoltaic system grid integration, and determine user side reactive power and instantaneous power by instantaneous reactive detection method, system side power factor (PF) after analytical calculation photovoltaic electric station grid connection, exports suitable reactive power to meet the requirement of system power factor, the quality of power supply by the power factor (PF) obtained, system side voltage and current signal transmission to Reactive-power control equipment.
In addition, the present invention can consider the grid-connected System Reactive Power voltage control brought and harmonic problem, by inverter harmonic elimination and idle in-situ balancing, realizes the cooperation control of reactive-load compensation equipment and photovoltaic power output to improve the quality of power supply of system access.
More than show and describe general principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection range is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (3)
1. a photovoltaic generating system grid integration Comprehensive Reactive Power Compensation control system, it is characterized in that, comprise: a data acquisition circuit module, for acquisition system service data, these data gathered comprise photovoltaic cell VD, photovoltaic combining inverter DC side, AC voltage, electric current and phase angle; Inverter ac side harmonic voltage, electric current; Grid-connected transformer station low-voltage bus bar voltage, electric current and power factor (PF);
One photovoltaic maximal power tracing module, realizes the maximal power tracing of photovoltaic cell by controlling photovoltaic cell output DC voltage value;
One photovoltaic combining inverter module, PWM Waveform Control combining inverter is produced by electric current, voltage control, the grid integration collected some electric current is carried out PI control to obtain Voltage Reference amount by gathering grid-connected end electric current and reference current, then by and gather voltage and compare and control to obtain grid-connected voltage reference value by PI thus instruct generation PWM ripple;
One the control of reactive power compensating module, its effect controls reactive-load compensation capacitor reactive power to export, and to regulate user's grid integration magnitude of voltage and power factor (PF), meets the grid-connected voltage of user and power factor requirements.
2. a photovoltaic generating system grid-connection comprehensive power-less compensation control method, is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
1) measurement obtains the front user's actual loading power P of photovoltaic electric station grid connection access
l+ jQ
l, the power P that customer substation access absorbs from electrical network
g+ jQ
g, and calculate customer substation power factor (PF)
relation before known photovoltaic plant access between power: P
l+ jQ
l=P
g+ jQ
g, suppose that the requirement of grid company to user's access power factor is: cos α; Wherein P
luser's lateral load active power, Q
lfor user's lateral load reactive power, P
gfor active power, Q that user absorbs from electrical network
gthe reactive power absorbed from electrical network for user, j are the vector description of power, cos α be system power factor,
for grid company requires user side power factor (PF);
2) measurement obtains photovoltaic system power output active-power P
v, calculate the rear customer substation power factor (PF) of photovoltaic system access:
3) reactive power compensation amount is needed to be Q after photovoltaic access
c, now power factor angle is
the change calculating power factor angle before and after photovoltaic system access must meet:
4) obtain from step (3)
now when photovoltaic plant access reactive-load compensation equipment needs the reactive power compensation amount provided to be at least
control the idle output of reactive-load compensation equipment thus.
3. the photovoltaic generating system grid-connection comprehensive power-less compensation control method according to right 2, is characterized in that, when photovoltaic plant accesses, and reactive power compensation amount and load and the meritorious existence of exerting oneself of photovoltaic
relation, transformation for mula is known in the timing of System Reactive Power step-length capacity one, and meritorious the exerting oneself of photovoltaic is restricted
therefore, when user provides photovoltaic generating system for oneself, reactive-load compensation equipment is installed, and reactive-load compensation equipment capacity and photovoltaic generating system capacity mate mutually, to improve user side power factor (PF) simultaneously.
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| CN105162136A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-16 | 广东电网有限责任公司佛山供电局 | User power factor control method based on comprehensive energy reactive control |
| CN108432117A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2018-08-21 | 张大明 | Voltage source DC/AC converter circuits with LCCL or LCC filters He other modifications, and the operation of the micro-capacitance sensor with this circuit |
| CN109473993A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-03-15 | 国网浙江海宁市供电有限公司 | A kind of system and method improving photovoltaic user power factor |
| CN109787248A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-05-21 | 无锡双欢电气有限公司 | A kind of intelligent reactive power compensation control method and device |
| CN110417027A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-05 | 威海能联信息技术有限公司 | For promoting the method and system of new energy power station reactive compensation power factor |
| CN112134295A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-25 | 广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局 | Special reactive compensation control method and system for low-voltage grid-connected distributed power supply |
| CN113961866A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-01-21 | 国网天津市电力公司 | Method and device for calculating capacity of grid-connected reactive power compensation device based on photovoltaic power station |
| CN114156902A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-08 | 国网山东省电力公司莒县供电公司 | Reactive compensation intelligent management and control system for photovoltaic power generation surplus power internet |
| CN114498660A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-05-13 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Distributed small hydropower grid-connected coordination control system and method |
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| CN105162136B (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2017-08-25 | 广东电网有限责任公司佛山供电局 | User power factor control method based on the idle control of comprehensive energy |
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| CN113961866A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-01-21 | 国网天津市电力公司 | Method and device for calculating capacity of grid-connected reactive power compensation device based on photovoltaic power station |
| CN113961866B (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2024-06-25 | 国网天津市电力公司 | Calculation method and device based on capacity of grid-connected reactive power compensation device of photovoltaic power station |
| CN114156902A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-08 | 国网山东省电力公司莒县供电公司 | Reactive compensation intelligent management and control system for photovoltaic power generation surplus power internet |
| CN114156902B (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2023-10-31 | 国网山东省电力公司莒县供电公司 | Reactive compensation intelligent management and control system for photovoltaic power generation residual electricity internet surfing |
| CN114498660A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-05-13 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Distributed small hydropower grid-connected coordination control system and method |
| CN114498660B (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2024-05-14 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Distributed small hydropower grid-connected coordination control system and method |
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