CN104599832B - A kind of flexible rare-earth magnet and its manufacture method with high table magnetic - Google Patents
A kind of flexible rare-earth magnet and its manufacture method with high table magnetic Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of flexible rare-earth magnet with high table magnetic and its manufacture method.The component of the flexible rare-earth magnet includes:NdFeB alloy magnetic powder 92wt% 97wt%, the 3wt% of binding agent 2, the 5wt% of processing aid 1, wherein, the NdFeB alloy magnetic powders include Tb elements, and the binding agent is F48 thermosetting phenolic epoxy resin, and the processing aid includes coupling agent and curing agent, the coupling agent is titanate esters, and the curing agent is dicy-curing agent.The flexible rare-earth magnet generation method technique with high table magnetic that the present invention is provided is simple, and cost is low, and the flexible rare-earth magnet magnetic property produced is good, with very high table magnetic, and large-scale automated production, high financial profit can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of magnetic materials, more particularly to a kind of flexible rare-earth magnet and its system with high table magnetic
Make method.
Background technology
Permanent-magnet material is an important branch of electronic material, and its performance height directly reflects a National Electrical material
Development level.As high performance permanent magnetic materialses are in the wide of the industries such as computer, automobile, space flight, office equipment, household electrical appliances and medical treatment
General application, its market demand cumulative year after year.
At present, the high performance permanent magnetic materialses of in the market are rare-earth bond magnet mostly;So-called rare-earth bond magnet refer to by
Rare earth permanent-magnet powder is mixed into a certain proportion of binding agent and a kind of magnet being made by certain processing technology, and its final form can
It is divided into rigid rare-earth bond magnet and flexible rare-earth cementing magnet.Binding rare earth permanent magnet is compared with sintered magnet, with technique
Cost is low, dimensional accuracy is high, is easy to shaping complicated shape device, is easily achieved the advantages such as mass automatic production, in recent years
Quickly grow.
Existing flexible rare-earth cementing magnet magnetic property is poor, and table magnetic is not high, it is impossible to meet the demand of application.Prior art is adopted
The performance of magnet is improved with the method for magnetic loading is improved, then the magnet can gradually lose pliability, and serious meeting causes
Magnet can not be molded, and not reach the requirement of actual use.Prior art also by increasing typed pressure, improves magnet density,
And then the method for improving the table magnetic of magnet, but pressure increases, the degree that the magnetic of sheet is destroyed also increases, and domain wall is damaged
Wound, wall energy declines, so as to cause the table magnetic of magnet to decline.
For this reason, it may be necessary to develop a kind of new flexible rare-earth magnet and its manufacture method with high table magnetic.
The content of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention is solved is:Rare earth permanent-magnetic material magnetic property of the prior art is poor, and table magnetic is low and makes
Standby complex process.Therefore, the present invention proposes a kind of flexible rare-earth magnet and its manufacture method with high table magnetic, it is from alloy
Composition, the selection of binding agent and curing agent, the process aspect prepared are improved, and can fully eliminate the limit due to prior art
One or more problems caused by system and defect.
Additional advantages of the present invention, purpose and characteristic, a part will be elucidated in the following description, and another portion
Divide and be will be apparent for one of ordinary skill in the art by the investigation to following explanation or from the implementation of the present invention
Acquire.The present invention can be realized and obtain by the structure particularly pointed out in the specification and claims and accompanying drawing of word
Objects and advantages.
The invention provides a kind of manufacture method of the flexible rare-earth magnet with high table magnetic, it is characterised in that the side
Method specifically includes following steps:
Step 1, the NdFeB alloys of the element containing Tb are manufactured, percentage by weight of the Tb elements in NdFeB alloys is
1%, step 1 is specifically included:
According to the proportional arrangement original of Tb, Nd, Fe, the percentage by weight 1: 3.5: 75.5: 20 of B element in the alloy of preparation
Material, the raw material configured is put into vacuum arc furnace ignition, is stopped pumping when being evacuated down to 3 × 10-3Pa, is filled with an atmospheric pressure
Argon gas body of heater is cleaned, cleaning finish after, continue to be evacuated down to 3 × 10-3After Pa, the argon of an atmospheric pressure is filled with again
Gas shielded, then starts molten alloy;
Step 2, alloy prepared by step 1 is got rid of into amorphous thin ribbon in vacuum is got rid of with machine;
Step 3, Annealing Crystallization processing is carried out to amorphous thin ribbon;Step 3 is specifically included:
Alloy thin band prepared by step 2 is fitted into the cylinder that molybdenum sheet is made, place into quartz ampoule and be evacuated down to 3 ×
10-3Pa, then quartz ampoule is put into 540 DEG C -570 DEG C of smelting furnace, after being kept for 10 minutes in smelting furnace, by quartz ampoule from smelting furnace
Take out and be put into mixture of ice and water rapidly;
Step 4, the strip after Annealing Crystallization is handled is obtained into magnetic through broken, grinding;
Step 5, magnetic is surface-treated using coupling agent, the coupling agent is titante coupling agent;Step 5 has
Body includes:Magnetic is mixed with concentration for 0.1wt% titanate esters toluene solution, and magnetic stirring apparatus is used with 400 at 100 DEG C
Rev/min stirring half an hour.
Step 6, the magnetic after surface treatment and curing agent and binding agent are kneaded uniformly, the curing agent is dicyandiamide,
The binding agent is F48 thermosetting phenolic resins;Step 6 is specifically included:
Dicyandiamide is added in solvent dimethylformamide first, 120 DEG C are heated to, is allowed to be completely dissolved, is made double
Cyanamide curing agent solution, and magnetic is added in the dicyandiamide cure agent solution being made, it is sufficiently stirred for, dries, make curing agent
It is coated on magnetic surface;Secondly, then the magnetic powder particle after drying is added in F48 thermosetting phenolic resin binding agents, fully
Stirring, drying, makes magnetic Surface coating F48 binding agents;
Step 7, in 3T alignment magnetic field, it is molded by rubber die static pressure machine;
Step 8, solidified and magnetized processing to the magnet after compressing.
It is preferred that, during the melting of step 1, open magnetic control power supply and carry out magnetic stirring.
It is preferred that, the temperature of the smelting furnace in step 3 is 555 DEG C.
It is preferred that, in step 4, strip is crushed by hydrogen broken method.
It is preferred that, the method for the grinding is airflow milling or ball milling.
It is preferred that, in step 7, briquetting pressure is 600-800Mpa.
It is preferred that, in step 8, solidification temperature is 120 DEG C, and hardening time is 120 minutes.
Present invention also offers a kind of flexible rare-earth magnet with high table magnetic, the flexible rare-earth magnet is according to above-mentioned power
Profit requires that the method described in any one in 1-7 is made, wherein, the component of the flexible rare-earth magnet includes:NdFeB alloys
Magnetic 92wt%-97wt%, binding agent 2-3wt%, processing aid 1-5wt%, wherein, the NdFeB alloy magnetic powders include Tb
Element, the binding agent is F48 thermosetting phenolic epoxy resin, and the processing aid includes coupling agent and curing agent, the idol
Connection agent is titanate esters, and the curing agent is dicy-curing agent.
It is preferred that, in the NdFeB alloys of the element containing Tb, percentage by weight of the Tb elements in NdFeB alloys is
1%.
It is preferred that, the processing aid also includes lubricant and plasticizer.
The flexible rare-earth magnet generation method technique with high table magnetic that the present invention is provided is simple, and cost is low, is produced
Flexible rare-earth magnet magnetic property is good, with very high table magnetic, and large-scale automated production, high financial profit can be achieved.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the production method of flexible rare-earth magnet according to the embodiment of the present invention, with high table magnetic.
Embodiment
The present invention is described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein illustrating the exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Inventor is combined in actual production on the basis of the work of substantial amounts of experimental study, finds the table magnetic of flexible rare-earth magnet
Composition, the auxiliary agent of addition and specific technological process with material have close relation, therefore, the present invention is emphatically by upper
Several aspects are stated to improve the table magnetic of flexible rare-earth magnet.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of manufacture method of the flexible rare-earth magnet with high table magnetic of the embodiment of the present invention, methods described specifically include with
Lower step:
Step 1, the NdFeB alloys of the element containing Tb are manufactured, wherein, percentage by weight of the Tb elements in NdFeB alloys is
1%.
Step 1 is specifically included:According to Tb in the alloy of preparation, Nd, Fe, B element percentage by weight 1: 3.5: 75.5: 20
Proportional arrangement raw material, the raw material configured is put into vacuum arc furnace ignition, stops pumping when being evacuated down to 3 × 10-3Pa, fills
The argon gas for entering an atmospheric pressure is cleaned to body of heater, after cleaning is finished, continues to be evacuated down to 3 × 10-3After Pa, one is filled with again
The argon gas protection of individual atmospheric pressure, then starts molten alloy.It is preferred that, in order that alloy is homogenized, during melting, open
Magnetic control power supply carries out magnetic stirring.
Addition trace element can improve the micro-structural of flexible rare-earth magnet, improve magnetic property.Rare earth element tb it is each to
The opposite sex can be very high, and a small amount of adulterate is remarkably improved the magnetic property of magnet, therefore the flexible rare-earth magnet for the high table magnetic that can be made.However,
When Tb doping exceedes its solid-liquid degree limit in NdFeB, it there can possibly be formed cenotype and is gathered in crystal boundary or phase
At boundary, this will be such that the magnetic property of alloy significantly declines.Therefore, Tb doping is not arbitrary value, it is necessary to controlled
In certain scope, the present inventor passes through many experiments, finds when the percentage by weight that Tb doping is accounted in NdFeB alloys is
When 1%, the hole in magnet is less, even structure, the magnetic property highest of magnet.Therefore, in order to obtain the flexible dilute of high table magnetic
Percentage by weight of the Tb elements in NdFeB alloys is limited to 1% by native magnet, the present invention.
Step 2, alloy prepared by step 1 is got rid of into amorphous thin ribbon in vacuum is got rid of with machine;
Step 3, Annealing Crystallization processing is carried out to amorphous thin ribbon;
Specifically, alloy thin band prepared by step 2 is fitted into the cylinder that molybdenum sheet is made, places into quartz ampoule and vacuumize
To 3 × 10-3Pa, then quartz ampoule is put into 540 DEG C -570 DEG C of smelting furnace, after being kept for 10 minutes in smelting furnace, by quartz ampoule
From smelting furnace taking-up and being put into mixture of ice and water rapidly.
It is experimentally confirmed, can be notable by setting the temperature of suitable smelting furnace and the retention time in smelting furnace
Improve the magnetic property of magnet, it is preferred that the temperature of smelting furnace is set to 555 DEG C by the present invention, and the magnetic property of the magnet now obtained is most
It is good.
Step 4, the strip after Annealing Crystallization is handled is obtained into magnetic through broken, grinding;
It is preferred that, the present invention is crushed strip by the broken method of hydrogen, is fitted into specifically, strip will be prepared in hydrogen crushing furnace,
After vacuumizing, high-purity hydrogen is filled with, in the pressure of 0.02-1.2Mpa hydrogen, hydrogen 0.5-5h is inhaled, the cracker of alloy is heard, while can
Constantly raised with the temperature for detecting container, this is that RE permanent magnetic alloy is inhaled formation hydride volumetric expansion after hydrogen and burst,
Then dehydrogenase 12-the 10h at 450-650 DEG C, obtains flour.
In the present invention, the grinding further crushes flour of the hydrogen after broken, so as to complete the pulverizing process of alloy.It is described
The method of grinding is airflow milling or ball milling.Present invention preferably employs airflow milling.The method of airflow milling powder is people in the art
Well known to member, it is allowed to mutually head-on collision and crushed for powder particle is accelerated into supersonic speed using air-flow.With airflow milling magnetic
The increase of granularity, magnet bending strength is obviously reduced, and when granularity reduces, the magnetic property of magnet just weakens, and considers, this
The average grain diameter of the magnetic of invention is 3-4 μm.
Step 5, magnetic is surface-treated using coupling agent, the coupling agent is titante coupling agent;
Coupling agent is indispensable in the preparation technology of magnet, therefore magnetic is hydrophilic, and is typically bonded
Agent is oil loving, and the effect of coupling agent is that magnetic and binding agent link together, so as to enhance magnetic and interlaminar resin
Affinity, improves the overlay capacity of magnetic surface resin, so as to improve magnetic property.In order that coupling agent is uniformly dispersed in magnetic,
The present invention mixes the organic solution and magnetic of coupling agent, preferably, the present invention selects titanate coupling agent, from dissolubility
Good toluene solution is used as solvent.
Prior art typically uses silane coupling agent, but silane coupling agent do not only exist it is mutually reciprocal between body
Should, but also the magnetic property of magnet can be influenceed in matrix surface formation polymolecular layer, and titante coupling agent is to the place of magnetic
Reason effect is better than silane coupling agent, therefore, and the coupling agent that the present invention is used is titante coupling agent.
Step 5 is specifically included:Magnetic is mixed with concentration for 0.1wt% titanate esters toluene solution, and used at 100 DEG C
Magnetic stirring apparatus is with 400 revs/min of stirring half an hours.
Step 6, the magnetic after surface treatment and curing agent and binding agent are kneaded uniformly, the curing agent is dicyandiamide,
The binding agent is F48 thermosetting phenolic resins;
The density of magnet is higher, and the table magnetic of magnet is also higher.But in similar density, magnetic prepared by different binding agents
Body performance difference, because magnet performance by magnet density in addition to being determined, also by forming process densification process
The influence of the degree of injury of middle magnetic.Such as, under 1000Mpa pressure obtained by F48 thermosetting phenolic resins bonded permanent magnet and
Quite, but because E20 resin lubrications act on not obvious enough, the densification of magnet will lean on magnetic to E-20 epoxy resin bonded permanent magnets density
The deformation of powder is realized with fragmentation, and the viscosity of F48 resins is big, is evenly distributed between magnetic and magnetic, and suppressing
Substantially, the densification of magnet can drive magnetic flowing to lubrication in journey by the deformation of binding agent, and magnet was densified
Magnetic fragmentation is not serious in journey.
In addition, performance of the oxidized degree of magnetic also to magnet has an impact in solidification process.Due to bonded permanent magnet
It is to be formed by the magnetic compacting of surface wrapped resin layer, binding agent has good protective effect to magnetic, but if matching somebody with somebody in preparation
Binding agent is uneven to the parcel of magnet during material, or causes parcel uneven in pressing process, then, will in solidification
Make magnetic partial oxidation, cause magnetic property to decline.
The F48 thermosetting phenolic resins lubrication that the present invention is selected is strong, wraps up uniform to magnetic, can effectively improve
The magnetic property of magnet.In order to realize the automatic mold filling die mould of automated production, it is desirable to which dispensing has good popularity, the present invention
The F48 resins of use are solid-state or semisolid at normal temperatures, are easy to production operation.
In addition, the chemical reaction such as solidification can occur for the change of curing agent over time, make the chemistry, physics and machinery of dispensing
Performance changes, and then influences compressing process, causes magnet density to decline, magnetic damage aggravation, ultimately results in magnet
Table magnetic decline.Therefore, the curing agent of the present invention uses dicyandiamide class curing agent, dicyandiamide class curing agent has latency, meeting
Keep the magnetic property of magnet to be basically unchanged, but be due to that dicy-curing agent crystallinity is quite strong and not readily dissolve in epoxy resin
In, and when preparing NdFeB Bonded Magnets, it is necessary to which binding agent is coated on magnetic surface, curing agent exists to binding agent with particle
Uniformity and coat it is unfavorable, therefore, the present invention use two step cladding process, i.e. step 6 is specifically included:First by dicyandiamide
It is added in solvent dimethylformamide, is heated to 120 DEG C, be allowed to be completely dissolved, is made dicyandiamide cure agent solution, and by magnetic
Powder is added in the dicyandiamide cure agent solution being made, and is sufficiently stirred for, drying, curing agent is coated on magnetic surface;Next, then
Magnetic powder particle after drying is added in F48 thermosetting phenolic resin binding agents, is sufficiently stirred for, is dried, magnetic surface is wrapped
F48 binding agents are covered, so, curing agent and F48 epoxy resin just form uniform two thin layers on magnetic surface so that binding agent
With good solidification effect, be conducive to improving the table magnetic for the magnet being made.
Step 7, in 3T alignment magnetic field, it is molded by rubber die static pressure machine;
The present invention can improve the degree of orientation of magnetic, and then improve magnetic by applying alignment magnetic field during compacting
The magnetic property of body so that the table magnetic of magnet is improved;In addition, the present invention is molded by rubber die static pressure machine, it is and existing
Briquetting process made from magnet compare, the table magnetic of magnet can be improved.It is preferred that, briquetting pressure is 600-800Mpa.
Step 8, solidified and magnetized processing to the magnet after compressing;
Hardening time and solidification temperature also have a great impact to the table magnetic of magnet, in order that the table magnetic of magnet is maximum, warp
Many experiments are crossed, the solidification temperature of selection is 120 DEG C, and hardening time is 120 minutes.
The manufacture method of the flexible rare-earth magnet with high table magnetic proposed by the invention is the foregoing described, by material
Composition, the auxiliary agent of addition and the improvement of specific technological process, the table magnetic of obtained flexible rare-earth magnet can be effectively improved,
In addition, lubricant and plasticizer can also be added during flexible rare-earth magnet is manufactured, further to improve the magnetic of magnet
Performance.
Present invention also offers a kind of flexible rare-earth magnet with high table magnetic, the flexible rare-earth magnet is according to the present invention
Above-mentioned method is made, specifically, the component of the flexible rare-earth magnet includes:NdFeB alloy magnetic powder 92wt%-97wt%,
Binding agent 2-3wt%, processing aid 1-5wt%, wherein, the NdFeB alloy magnetic powders include Tb elements, and the binding agent is
F48 thermosetting phenolic epoxy resin, the processing aid includes coupling agent and curing agent, and the coupling agent is titanate esters, described
Curing agent is dicy-curing agent.
It is preferred that, the processing aid also includes lubricant and plasticizer.
Above content is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the present invention's
Thought, will change in specific embodiments and applications, and this specification content should not be construed as to the present invention
Limitation.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of manufacture method of the flexible rare-earth magnet with high table magnetic, it is characterised in that methods described specifically includes following
Step:
Step 1, the NdFeB alloys of the element containing Tb are manufactured, percentage by weight of the Tb elements in NdFeB alloys is 1%, step
Rapid 1 specifically includes:
, will according to the proportional arrangement raw material of Tb, Nd, Fe, the percentage by weight 1: 3.5: 75.5: 20 of B element in the alloy of preparation
The raw material configured is put into vacuum arc furnace ignition, is stopped pumping when being evacuated down to 3 × 10-3Pa, is filled with 101325Pa argon gas pair
Body of heater is cleaned, and after cleaning is finished, continues to be evacuated down to 3 × 10-3After Pa, 101325Pa argon gas protection is filled with again, so
After start molten alloy;
Step 2, alloy prepared by step 1 is got rid of into amorphous thin ribbon in vacuum is got rid of with machine;
Step 3, Annealing Crystallization processing is carried out to amorphous thin ribbon;Step 3 is specifically included:
Alloy thin band prepared by step 2 is fitted into the cylinder that molybdenum sheet is made, and places into and 3 × 10 are evacuated down in quartz ampoule-3Pa,
Quartz ampoule is put into 540 DEG C -570 DEG C of smelting furnace again, after being kept for 10 minutes in smelting furnace, quartz ampoule taken out simultaneously from smelting furnace
It is put into mixture of ice and water rapidly;
Step 4, the strip after Annealing Crystallization is handled is obtained into magnetic through broken, grinding;
Step 5, magnetic is surface-treated using coupling agent, the coupling agent is titante coupling agent;Step 5 is specifically wrapped
Include:Magnetic and concentration mixs for 0.1wt% titanate esters toluene solution, and use at 100 DEG C magnetic stirring apparatus with 400 turns/
Divide stirring half an hour;
Step 6, the magnetic after surface treatment and curing agent and binding agent are kneaded uniformly, the curing agent is dicyandiamide, described
Binding agent is F48 thermosetting phenolic resins;Step 6 is specifically included:
Dicyandiamide is added in solvent dimethylformamide first, 120 DEG C are heated to, is allowed to be completely dissolved, dicyandiamide is made
Curing agent solution, and magnetic is added in the dicyandiamide cure agent solution being made, it is sufficiently stirred for, dries, coat curing agent
In magnetic surface;Secondly, then the magnetic powder particle after drying is added in F48 thermosetting phenolic resin binding agents, is sufficiently stirred for,
Drying, makes magnetic Surface coating F48 thermosetting phenolic resin binding agents;
Step 7, in 3T alignment magnetic field, it is molded by rubber die static pressure machine;
Step 8, solidified and magnetized processing to the magnet after compressing.
2. the manufacture method of the flexible rare-earth magnet according to claim 1 with high table magnetic, it is characterised in that in step
During 1 melting, open magnetic control power supply and carry out magnetic stirring.
3. the manufacture method of the flexible rare-earth magnet according to claim 1 with high table magnetic, it is characterised in that step 3
In smelting furnace temperature be 555 DEG C.
4. the manufacture method of the flexible rare-earth magnet according to claim 1 with high table magnetic, it is characterised in that in step
In 4, strip is crushed by hydrogen broken method.
5. the manufacture method of the flexible rare-earth magnet according to claim 1 with high table magnetic, it is characterised in that in step
In 4, the method for the grinding is airflow milling or ball milling.
6. the manufacture method of the flexible rare-earth magnet according to claim 1 with high table magnetic, it is characterised in that in step
In 7, briquetting pressure is 600-800Mpa.
7. the manufacture method of the flexible rare-earth magnet according to claim 1 with high table magnetic, it is characterised in that in step
In 8, solidification temperature is 120 DEG C, and hardening time is 120 minutes.
8. a kind of flexible rare-earth magnet with high table magnetic, the flexible rare-earth magnet appointing in the claims 1-7
Method described in meaning one is made, wherein, the component of the flexible rare-earth magnet includes:NdFeB alloy magnetic powders 92wt%-
97wt%, binding agent 2-3wt%, processing aid 1-5wt%, wherein, the NdFeB alloy magnetic powders include Tb elements, described viscous
Knot agent is F48 thermosetting phenolic epoxy resin, and the processing aid includes coupling agent and curing agent, and the coupling agent is metatitanic acid
Ester, the curing agent is dicy-curing agent.
9. the flexible rare-earth magnet according to claim 8 with high table magnetic, it is characterised in that the processing aid is also wrapped
Include lubricant and plasticizer.
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JPH07122413A (en) * | 1993-10-28 | 1995-05-12 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Rare earth permanent magnet and manufacture thereof |
CN101090015A (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2007-12-19 | 钢铁研究总院 | High strong toughness iron-base rear earth permanent magnet |
CN101281811A (en) * | 2007-04-06 | 2008-10-08 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for preparing NdFeB/PPS injection moulding particle material |
CN101499347A (en) * | 2008-11-04 | 2009-08-05 | 北京倍力隆磁材料技术有限公司 | Production method for composite anisotropic rare earth permanent magnetic material with good temperature characteristics |
CN101552065A (en) * | 2008-12-24 | 2009-10-07 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for preparing highly tough magnets by adding boron nitride nanotubes crystal-boundary phase |
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JPH07122413A (en) * | 1993-10-28 | 1995-05-12 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Rare earth permanent magnet and manufacture thereof |
CN101281811A (en) * | 2007-04-06 | 2008-10-08 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for preparing NdFeB/PPS injection moulding particle material |
CN101090015A (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2007-12-19 | 钢铁研究总院 | High strong toughness iron-base rear earth permanent magnet |
CN101499347A (en) * | 2008-11-04 | 2009-08-05 | 北京倍力隆磁材料技术有限公司 | Production method for composite anisotropic rare earth permanent magnetic material with good temperature characteristics |
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Address after: 313300 Bamboo Industry Science and Technology Venture Center, Xiaofeng Town, Anji County, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 Patentee after: Heye Health Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 313300 health medical industry park, Anji Economic Development Zone, Huzhou, Zhejiang Patentee before: Zhejiang Heye Health Technology Co., Ltd. |
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