CN104597905B - Route tracking method for magnetic navigation AGV - Google Patents

Route tracking method for magnetic navigation AGV Download PDF

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CN104597905B
CN104597905B CN201510015917.3A CN201510015917A CN104597905B CN 104597905 B CN104597905 B CN 104597905B CN 201510015917 A CN201510015917 A CN 201510015917A CN 104597905 B CN104597905 B CN 104597905B
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agv
longitudinal
signal output
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CN104597905A (en
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林义忠
姚建余
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Guangxi University
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Guangxi University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a route tracking method for a magnetic navigation AGV (Automatic Guided Vehicle). The route tracking method comprises the following steps of: step1, judging whether signals are output by two middle points of a horizontal detection sensor and all points of a longitudinal sensor; step2, based on step1, if so, directly entering step7; step3, based on step2, if not, judging signals are output by some points of the horizontal sensor; step4, based on step3, simultaneously judging whether a first point is included in output points of longitudinal signals, if so, directly entering step7; step5; step6, outputting the calculated controlled quantity to two control motors to perform correcting procedures, and judging whether to enter an approach posture; step7, when meeting the condition of the approach posture, keeping the revolving speed of one driving wheel unchanged and the revolving speed of the other driving wheel reverse by a primary revolving speed. The control precision of the AGV is greatly improved by the route tracking method.

Description

The path following method of magnetic navigation AGV
Technical field
The present invention relates to automatic Guided Vehicle field, particularly to a kind of path following method of magnetic navigation AGV.
Background technology
AGV is automatic Guided Vehicle (Automated Guided Vehicle), refers to be equipped with electromagnetic or optical etc. Homing guidance is equipped, and can have safeguard protection and the transport vehicle of various transplanting function, belong to wheel along regulation route The category of formula mobile robot.Existing AGV magnetic navigation control mode, great majority adopt single or double sensor array.
Such sensor arrangement although also can make AGV along magnetic track run, but due on sensor Hall element it Apart from the reason so that the range deviation calculating and angular deviation have certain error;Most correction process at present Comparatively laborious, the state demarcation of AGV more although can real-time deviation correcting, but be the increase in the processor active task amount of controller;Using list During pure single sensor, when AGV is in centre position, the angular deviation of accurate mark reflection now AGV, having can AGV can be made to cross tape, lead to AGV to do micro swing near magnetic wire.
The information being disclosed in this background section is merely intended to increase the understanding of the general background to the present invention, and should not Recognize when being considered or imply in any form that this information structure has been the prior art well known to persons skilled in the art.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of path following method of the magnetic navigation AGV of simple and reasonable steps, this magnetic conductance The path following method of boat AGV adopts the sensor group of T-shaped layout, by comprehensive lateral pickup and longitudinal sensor Signal output position judges the attitude of AGV;AGV is made to enter poised state with different control strategies under different attitudes, effectively Solve detects angular deviation when close to attitude for the AGV so that the control accuracy of AGV greatly improves, and also makes dynamic simultaneously State stability also improves a lot.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides the path following method of magnetic navigation AGV, this magnetic navigation AGV is using in T The horizontal detection sensor of font layout and longitudinal sensor, and the signal by comprehensive lateral pickup and longitudinal sensor Carry-out bit judges the attitude of this magnetic navigation AGV, makes AGV enter poised state with different control strategies under different attitudes;
This path following method comprises the following steps:Step 1, judges two points and longitudinal direction in the middle of horizontal detection sensor Whether the institute of sensor a little has signal output;Step 2, based on step 1, if it is not, then judge whether horizontal detection sensor With the presence of signal output and longitudinal detection sensor no signal is defeated for first point of middle two points and longitudinal detection sensor The point going out;If directly jumping into step 7;Step 3, based on step 2, if it is not, then judge that there is letter which position of lateral pickup Number output;Step 4, based on step 3, judges whether longitudinal signal output point has first point simultaneously, if directly jumping into step Rapid 7;Step 5, based on step 4, if conclusion is no, calculates the now range deviation of car body and angular deviation, calculates simultaneously Go out correction radius and the motor speed increment of car body;Step 6, the controlled quentity controlled variable being computed out exports and executes to two controlled motors Correction process, and judge whether to enter into close to attitude;Step 7, if meet the condition close to attitude, two driving wheels of car body One of wheel speed keep constant and another wheel with original rotating speed reversion, until all of point of longitudinal detection sensor Till having signal output, the rotating speed of two driving wheels reverts to the speed that the car body of setting advances.
Preferably, in technique scheme, the shape of the magnetic navigation AGV that horizontal detection sensor and longitudinal sensor detect State includes:
First kind state:Statokinetic, refers to that the close circle of sensor group has remaining of signal output and longitudinal sensor All detector units have signal output;
Equations of The Second Kind state:Extreme attitude, refers to the centre two point no signal output of horizontal detection sensor and longitudinally examines Survey the output of first point no signal of sensor, correction strategy in this case is, calculate the range deviation of AGV now and Angular deviation, then obtain correction radius and controlled quentity controlled variable;
3rd class state:Close to attitude, now centre two point of horizontal detection sensor and longitudinal detection sensor First point all has signal output.
Preferably, in technique scheme, longitudinal sensor is overlapped with the center line of magnetic navigation AGV, described magnetic navigation AGV Center line refer in dolly chassis plane through the midpoint of two driving wheel axis and the line perpendicular to two driving wheel axis;Institute State first point detection signal through longitudinal sensor for the axis of two driving wheels.
Preferably, in technique scheme, range deviation refers to that described first Hall element of longitudinal sensor projects to Point on ground and the vertical range of magnetic stripe direction line, described angular deviation refers to described AGV car body center line and magnetic stripe side Angle to line.
Preferably, in technique scheme, in the middle of lateral pickup, two points and longitudinal sensor sense near horizontal First point of device all close to circle circumference on, close to diameter of a circle for tape width.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that:The path following method of this magnetic navigation AGV adopts T The sensor group of font layout, judges the attitude of AGV by the signal output position of comprehensive lateral pickup and longitudinal sensor; AGV is made to enter poised state with different control strategies under different attitudes, efficiently solve detects AGV close to attitude When angular deviation so that the control accuracy of AGV greatly improves, so that dynamic stability is also improved much simultaneously.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is a kind of AGV automatic deviation correction control flow chart that the present invention provides;
Fig. 2 is the arrangement of a kind of T-shaped sensor that the present invention provides;
Fig. 3 is AGV attitude schematic diagram during a kind of extreme attitude of present invention offer;
Fig. 4 be the present invention provide a kind of close to attitude when AGV attitude schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is a kind of AGV attitude schematic diagram when equilbrium position that the present invention provides.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, it is to be understood that the guarantor of the present invention Shield scope is not limited by specific embodiment.
Explicitly indicate that unless otherwise other, otherwise in entire disclosure and claims, term " inclusion " or its change Change such as "comprising" or " including " etc. and will be understood to comprise stated element or part, and do not exclude other units Part or other part.
As shown in figure 1, walking according to below the inclusion of the path following method of the magnetic navigation AGV of the specific embodiment of the invention Suddenly:
Step 1, judges whether the institute of two points and longitudinal sensor in the middle of horizontal detection sensor a little has signal defeated Go out;
The sensor group (horizontal detection sensor and longitudinal sensor) that the path following method of this magnetic navigation AGV adopts is in T-shaped layout;The attitude of AGV is judged by the signal output position of comprehensive lateral pickup and longitudinal sensor;In different appearances AGV is made to enter poised state with different control strategies under state;The state of the AGV that two sensors detect includes following Aspect:
First kind state:Statokinetic, refers to that the close circle of sensor group has remaining of signal output and longitudinal sensor All detector units have signal output, and now, the speed increment △ V of controlled motor is zero.
Equations of The Second Kind state:Extreme attitude, refers to the centre two point no signal output of horizontal detection sensor and longitudinally examines Survey first point no signal output of sensor.Correction strategy in this case is to calculate the range deviation ed of AGV now With angular deviation e α, then obtain correction radius R and controlled quentity controlled variable △ V, because the scan frequency of described AGV controller is larger, thus Described four parameter ed, e α, R, △ V in this correction stage be change according to scan frequency and sensor signal output point and Change.
3rd class state:Close to attitude, now centre two point of horizontal detection sensor and longitudinal detection sensor First point all has signal output.
The longitudinal sensor of described sensor group is overlapped with the center line of dolly, and the center line of described dolly refers in dolly Line through the midpoint of two driving wheel axis and perpendicular to two driving wheel axis in chassis plane;The axis of two described driving wheels First point detection signal (Hall element) through longitudinal sensor;
Refer to the attached drawing 2, taking 8 magneto-dependent sensors as a example, the layout of T-shaped sensor, the centre of lateral pickup 6 two The point circumference 7 on same circumference 7 and described with first point 3 of one end of close lateral pickup of longitudinal sensor 2 A diameter of tape width.The present invention is collectively referred to as what these three test points formed close to circle;When longitudinal sensor 2 is installed Overlap with the center line 8 of described dolly 1, and the axis of two driving wheels 5 is close horizontal through described longitudinal sensor 2 First point 3 of sensor side.
The width of described tape is advisable with just there being two point signal outputs at the setting height(from bottom) of sensor.
The signal detecting is sent to host computer analysis and processes by described sensor group, and described host computer can be PLC or 51 series monolithics or motion controller.
Refer to the attached drawing 3, after described upper computer detection to signal, first whether first point of analysis longitudinal sensor has letter Number output, if not having, need to calculate the angular deviation e of at this time AGVαWith range deviation ed, it is respectively adopted following side Formula calculates:
ed=L2·sin(eα)
In the middle of above-mentioned formula, L1The median average of signal output point referring to lateral pickup is to its middle 2 points of midpoint Distance, L2Refer to, the distance at the midpoint of the point having signal output of longitudinal sensor to its first point.
Described host computer calculates eαAnd edAfter, calculate correction radius R and motor control amount Δ in the following manner V:
In above formula, L refers to the distance between AGV two-wheeled, and V refers to the linear velocity of car body movement.
In conjunction with accompanying drawing 4, after above-mentioned correction, AGV can enter into close to attitude, and now described host computer can be to wherein One motor, with contrary rotating speed, makes rotation one angle in AGV original place have signal until all test points of longitudinal sensor Output.
In conjunction with accompanying drawing 5, when AGV enters into poised state, lateral pickup only have in the middle of two points have signal output and Signal output that longitudinal sensor a little has, at this moment, to the signal all same of two motors, AGV is steadily forward for host computer.
First point no signal output of longitudinal sensor, the correction strategy under attitude is to calculate in real time and work as to AGV again The range deviation ed of front AGV and angular deviation e α, then obtain correction radius R and controlled quentity controlled variable △ V, due to described AGV controller Scan frequency is larger, therefore described four parameter ed, e α, R, △ V in this correction stage are according to scan frequency and sensor The change of signal output point and change, be so conducive to dolly smoothly to enter next state.
Step 2, based on step 1, if it is not, then judging whether centre two point of horizontal detection sensor and longitudinally detecting First point of sensor with the presence of signal output and the output of longitudinal detection sensor no signal point;If directly jumping into step Rapid 7;
Step 3, based on step 2, if it is not, then judge that there is signal output which position of lateral pickup;
Step 4, based on step 3, judges whether longitudinal signal output point has first point simultaneously, if directly jumping into step Rapid 7;
Step 5, based on step 4, if conclusion is no, calculates the range deviation ed and angular deviation e α of now car body, Calculate the correction radius R and motor speed increment △ V of car body simultaneously;
Described range deviation refers to that described first Hall element of longitudinal sensor projects to point and magnetic stripe on ground The vertical range of direction line, described angular deviation refers to the angle of described AGV car body center line and magnetic stripe direction line;
Step 6, the controlled quentity controlled variable being computed out exports and executes correction process to two controlled motors.And judge whether to enter To close to attitude.
Step 7, if meeting the condition close to attitude, the one of wheel speed of two driving wheels of car body keep constant and Another wheel is with original rotating speed reversion, till all of point of longitudinal detection sensor has signal output, two drivings The rotating speed of wheel reverts to the speed that the car body of setting advances.
To sum up, the path following method of this magnetic navigation AGV adopts the sensor group of T-shaped layout, is laterally passed by comprehensive The signal output position of sensor and longitudinal sensor judges the attitude of AGV;Make AGV with different control strategies under different attitudes Enter poised state, efficiently solve detects angular deviation when close to attitude for the AGV so that the control accuracy of AGV is big Big raising, also makes dynamic stability also improve much simultaneously.
The description of the aforementioned specific illustrative embodiment to the present invention illustrate that and illustration purpose.These descriptions It is not wishing to limit the invention to disclosed precise forms, and it will be apparent that according to above-mentioned teaching, can much be changed And change.The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiment is that explaining that the certain principles of the present invention and its reality should With so that those skilled in the art be capable of and utilize the present invention various different exemplary and Various different selections and change.The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by claims and its equivalents.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of path following method of magnetic navigation AGV it is characterised in that
This magnetic navigation AGV adopts horizontal detection sensor and the longitudinal sensor of layout in T shape, and is laterally sensed by comprehensive The signal output position of device and longitudinal sensor judges the attitude of this magnetic navigation AGV, with different control plans under different attitudes AGV is slightly made to enter poised state;
This path following method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, judges whether the institute of two points and longitudinal sensor in the middle of horizontal detection sensor a little has signal output;
Step 2, based on step 1, if it is not, then judging whether centre two point of horizontal detection sensor and longitudinally detecting sensing First point of device with the presence of signal output and the output of longitudinal detection sensor no signal point;If directly jumping into step 7;
Step 3, based on step 2, if it is not, then judge that there is signal output which position of lateral pickup;
Step 4, based on step 3, judges whether longitudinal signal output point has first point simultaneously, if directly jumping into step 7;
Step 5, based on step 4, if conclusion is no, calculates the now range deviation of car body and angular deviation, calculates simultaneously Go out correction radius and the motor speed increment of car body;
Step 6, the controlled quentity controlled variable being computed out exports and executes correction processes to two controlled motors, and judges whether to enter into and connect Nearly attitude;
Step 7, if meeting the condition close to attitude, one of wheel speed of two driving wheels of car body keeps constant and another Individual wheel is with original rotating speed reversion, till all of point of longitudinal detection sensor has signal output, two driving wheels Rotating speed reverts to the speed that the car body of setting advances;
The state of the magnetic navigation AGV that described horizontal detection sensor and longitudinal sensor detect includes:
First kind state:Statokinetic, refer to sensor group has remaining of signal output and longitudinal sensor to own close to circle Detector unit has signal output;
Equations of The Second Kind state:Extreme attitude, refers to the centre two point no signal output of horizontal detection sensor and longitudinally detects biography First point no signal output of sensor, correction strategy in this case is to calculate the range deviation of AGV now and angle Deviation, then obtain correction radius and controlled quentity controlled variable;
3rd class state:Close to attitude, now centre two point of horizontal detection sensor and the first of longitudinal detection sensor Individual point all has signal output;
Described longitudinal sensor is overlapped with the center line of magnetic navigation AGV, and the center line of described magnetic navigation AGV refers in dolly chassis Line through the midpoint of two driving wheel axis and perpendicular to two driving wheel axis in plane;The axis of described two driving wheels is through vertical First point detection signal to sensor.
2. the path following method of magnetic navigation AGV according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described range deviation refers to Described first Hall element of longitudinal sensor projects to the vertical range of the point on ground and magnetic stripe direction line, and described angle is inclined Difference refers to the angle of described AGV car body center line and magnetic stripe direction line.
3. the path following method of magnetic navigation AGV according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that in described lateral pickup Between two points and longitudinal sensor near lateral pickup first point all on the circumference close to circle, close to diameter of a circle Width for tape.
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CN110209164B (en) * 2019-05-20 2022-09-27 江苏理工学院 Linear Hall guiding device of AGV (automatic guided vehicle) and guiding method thereof
CN112445216A (en) * 2019-08-29 2021-03-05 北京京东乾石科技有限公司 Method and device for automatically recovering AGV after separating from track
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