CN104597083B - Ultrasonic guided wave and electromechanical impedance-based mobile damage detection method - Google Patents
Ultrasonic guided wave and electromechanical impedance-based mobile damage detection method Download PDFInfo
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- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000005662 electromechanics Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002847 impedance measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012353 t test Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019687 Lamb Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005315 distribution function Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007499 fusion processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic guided wave and electromechanical impedance-based mobile damage detection method. The method comprises the following steps: based on the ultrasonic guided wave and electromechanical impedance technologies, firstly scanning and positioning a structural damage by adopting a wave guiding method, and evaluating the damage status by adopting an electromechanical impedance method. The damage detection method combines an ultrasonic guided wave damage detection method and an electromechanical impedance-based damage detection method so as to give play to the advantages of the two and make up the disadvantages of each other; and the method comprises the following steps: firstly, scanning and positioning a structural damage based on guided wave to determine the non-destructive area and a to-be-detected area E, then respectively moving a probe to the non-destructive area and the to-be-detected area E, so that the details of the damage status can be obtained by dry coupling electromechanical impedance characteristic of a mobile probe, and the detection capability of the damage can be greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Structure Damage Identification is and in particular to a kind of shifting based on supersonic guide-wave and dynamo-electric impedance
Dynamic formula damage detecting method.
Background technology
The engineering structures such as aircraft, civil construction and heavy-duty machinery bear the load-up condition of complexity under arms in process for a long time
The shock possibly even having an accident, needs the damage of in time detection structure, the integrity of periodic evaluation structure, to prevent structure
Lost efficacy and brought huge loss.In recent years, based on guided wave (being commonly referred to lamb ripple in plate, shell structure) with based on dynamo-electric impedance
Damage detecting method is all widely used in field of non destructive testing.Both the above method is for the damage of body structure surface or inside
All more sensitive, and respectively have feature.For the damage detecting method based on guided wave, guided wave can be propagated longer at short notice
Distance, therefore damage reason location can fast and effeciently be carried out to large area, distance structure.And to the damage inspection based on impedance method
The feature of survey method and advantage essentially consist in the method detection sensitivity height, signals collecting and process convenient and swift, therefore, it is possible to
More efficiently assessment damages detailed condition.
But both the above method is individually present some problems: because supersonic guide-wave or title lamb ripple have multi-modal and frequency dispersion
Etc. characteristic, in complicated structure, echo-signal can be more complicated, and signal analysis and processing gets up more difficult, therefore for damage
The quantification detection of wound acquires a certain degree of difficulty；And for impedance method, rate of scanning is higher, more sensitive to damaging, but detection
Region also accordingly diminishes, and is unfavorable for damage reason location.
Content of the invention
According to problems of the prior art, the invention discloses a kind of movement based on supersonic guide-wave and dynamo-electric impedance
Formula damage detecting method, the method is based on supersonic guide-wave and dynamo-electric impedance combined technology, initially with guided wave method, structure is damaged
Wound is scanned positioning, then by dynamo-electric impedance method, damage status is estimated, and specifically includes following steps:
S1: arrangement mobile sensor probe makes it adsorb on the surface treating geodesic structure；
S2: mobile sensor probe encourages and receives the guided wave signals of supersonic guide-wave equipment, treats the damage of geodesic structure
Position is positioned, and obtains tentative diagnosis image, determines lossless region and region e to be detected；
S3: by mobile sensor Probe arrangement in any m diverse location in the lossless region treating geodesic structure, use respectively
M (m=1～m) represents, measures the resistance value of each position mobile sensor probe using electric impedance analyzer, takes described m position
Put the reference value as dry-cured meat impedance for the meansigma methodss of impedance；
S4: calculate the statistical discrepancy of dry-cured meat impedance so that it is determined that the random error distribution of impedance, divided by random error
Cloth determines damage threshold using t test criterion；
S5: set up rectangular coordinate system in region e to be detected, q test point is set, use q (q=1～q) to represent respectively；
S6: arrangement mobile sensor probe is treating the table of geodesic structure so as to adsorb again at q (q=1 starts) position
Face simultaneously carries out impedance measurement；
S7: repeat step s6, is sequentially completed the impedance measurement of remaining test point, obtains the dry-cured meat resistance value of each test point
re(z)q；
S8: dry-cured meat resistance value re (z) detecting in collection s7qSignal processing is carried out to it, will exceed in s4 and damage
The data of threshold value is used for the structure of damage image, obtains the damage image of region e to be detected, and assessment degree of injury obtains
The damage information of geodesic structure must be treated.
Described mobile sensor probe has been internally integrated one or more piezoelectric chip sensors.By dry-cured meat mode
The energy transmission realized sensor and treat geodesic structure, can be used for dry-cured meat electromechanics impedance and characterizes, need not gather the benchmark before damage
Signal is it is adaptable to the topical diagnosis of structural damage.
The described sensor probe that can be adsorbed on body structure surface to be measured, by the global detection method based on guided wave with based on machine
The topical diagnosis method of electrical impedance combines, and forms removable and extension sensor network.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1st, the present invention adopts the electromechanics impedance of mobile sensor probe measurement dry-cured meat, is more easy to reach for region interested
Arrive and examinations strategy, compensate for the little shortcoming of the impedance method detection range of traditional bonding sensor.
2nd, the present invention adopts the electromechanics impedance of mobile sensor probe measurement dry-cured meat, the dynamo-electric resistance of development no reference signal
Anti- method carries out damage check, overcomes the shortcoming that traditional dynamo-electric impedance damage detecting method is vulnerable to environmental change impact.
3rd, apply wheeled apparatus in damage detecting method proposed by the present invention, the mobile sensor using this device is visited
Head can either realize excitation and the reception of guided wave, is simultaneously available for the sign of dry-cured meat electromechanics impedance, need not increase sensor and visit
Head quantity, just can realize flexible detection and the diagnosis of large area structure with less sensor probe.
4th, damage detecting method proposed by the present invention is by two kinds of damage detecting methods based on guided wave with based on dynamo-electric impedance
Combine, the advantage playing the two, and complement one another, compensate for the two respective shortcoming: guided wave signals are complicated, for damage
Quantification detection acquires a certain degree of difficulty；And the rate of scanning of impedance method is higher, more sensitive to damaging, but detection zone also mutually strains
Little, it is unfavorable for damage reason location.The method is primarily based on guided wave damage is carried out with quick Scan orientation and determines not damaged region and treat
Detection zone e, then respectively mobile probe to not damaged region and region e to be detected, then the dry-cured meat popped one's head in by movable type
Dynamo-electric impedance meter obtains the details of damage status, substantially increases damage check ability.
Brief description
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present application or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
Have technology description in required use accompanying drawing be briefly described it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description be only this
Some embodiments described in application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work,
Other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart combining supersonic guide-wave and the portable damage detecting method of dynamo-electric impedance in the present invention
Fig. 2 is that in the embodiment of the present invention, the test point distribution based on supersonic guide-wave method arranges schematic diagram with damaging；
Fig. 3 is the damage result images in embodiment based on supersonic guide-wave method；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the region e to be detected in embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the portable detection method schematic diagram applying dynamo-electric impedance in region e to be detected；
Fig. 6 is the damage result images in embodiment based on dynamo-electric impedance method.
Specific embodiment
For making technical scheme and advantage clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, to this
Technical scheme in inventive embodiments carries out clearly complete description:
A kind of portable damage detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave and dynamo-electric impedance as shown in Figure 1, the method is based on
Supersonic guide-wave and dynamo-electric impedance combined technology, are scanned to structural damage positioning initially with guided wave method, then by electromechanics
Impedance method is estimated to damage status, specifically includes following steps:
S1: arrangement mobile sensor probe makes it adsorb on the surface treating geodesic structure；
S2: mobile sensor probe encourages and receives the guided wave signals of supersonic guide-wave equipment, treats the damage of geodesic structure
Position is positioned, and obtains tentative diagnosis image, determines lossless region and region e to be detected；
S3: by mobile sensor Probe arrangement in any m diverse location in the lossless region treating geodesic structure, use respectively
M (m=1～m) represents, measures the resistance value of each position mobile sensor probe using electric impedance analyzer, takes described m position
Put the reference value as dry-cured meat impedance for the meansigma methodss of impedance；
S4: calculate the statistical discrepancy of dry-cured meat impedance so that it is determined that the random error distribution of impedance, divided by random error
Cloth determines damage threshold using t test criterion；
S5: set up rectangular coordinate system in region e to be detected, q test point is set, use q (q=1～q) to represent respectively；
S6: arrangement mobile sensor probe is treating the table of geodesic structure so as to adsorb again at q (q=1 starts) position
Face simultaneously carries out impedance measurement；
S7: repeat step s6, is sequentially completed the impedance measurement of remaining test point, obtains the dry-cured meat resistance value of each test point
re(z)q；
S8: dry-cured meat resistance value re (z) detecting in collection s7qSignal processing is carried out to it, will exceed in s4 and damage
The data of threshold value is used for the structure of damage image, obtains the damage image of region e to be detected, and assessment degree of injury obtains
The damage information of geodesic structure must be treated.
The mobile sensor sonde configuration that the present invention adopts adopts the patent application of Application No. 201010244359.5
Disclosed in a kind of installation method of piezoelectric chip for monitoring structural health conditions and its structure in device, belong to existing skill
Art.The described sensor probe that can be adsorbed on body structure surface, by the global detection method based on guided wave with based on dynamo-electric impedance
Topical diagnosis method combines, and forms removable and extension sensor network.
Embodiment:
Step 1: take one piece of aluminium sheet test specimen (size: 1000mm × 1000mm × 3mm) as shown in Figure 2, set respectively thereon
Put a hole wound and an indentation, both coordinates are as shown in Figure 2.Wherein, a diameter of 20mm of hole wound, and the long 30mm of indentation,
Wide 1.5mm.N on selected aluminium sheet, as test point, it is distributed feelings to (this example is 24) diverse location (l1, l2 ..., l24)
Condition is as shown in Figure 2；
Step 2: be based on according to Chinese invention patent (Application No. 201410020701.1) one kind of the present inventor's application
Embodiment step in the large area structure damage detecting method of lamb ripple, obtains the guided wave method testing result image of test specimen, such as
Shown in Fig. 3；
Step 3: according to the damage result images of guided wave, adjust threshold selection region to be detected e as examining region,
Other regions are regarded as not damaged region, select indentation affiliated area to be region e to be detected, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 in this example；
Step 4: appoint in not damaged region and take m difference (this example is 20), make portable probe apparatus absorption exist
On this m point, measure the dry-cured meat electromechanics impedance re (z of portable probe respectively0)m(m=1～m), calculates above each point and is surveyed
The meansigma methodss of impedance are as benchmark re (z0), choose 50khz-500khz wherein in this example as detection frequency；
Step 5: according to root-mean-square-deviation (rmsd) formula(xiWithPoint
Not Wei desired value and original value, this formula can get the statistical discrepancy of desired value and original value) calculate above m lossless point and base
Quasi- re (z0) statistical discrepancy rmsd value, i.e. random error xm, formula is as follows:
Step 6: it is calculated mean μ and the standard deviation sigma of random error distribution, subsequently use t test criterion threshold value,
I.e. for data x, if x- is μ > (m, a) × σ then judge that data x is to damage the abnormal data causing to k.Significance is taken in this example
Horizontal a=0.05, gained threshold value is 1.140；
Step 7: probe is moved closer to a known Crack Damage and measures impedance, obtaining one by rmsd computing formula is
Row impedance rmsd value, matching obtains impedance rmsd value with respect to function f (d) apart from d.The function f that in this example, matching obtains
D () is as follows:
Wherein, a1=2.359；b1=0.1747；c1=1.442；a2=3.559 × 1015；b2=-2152；c2=362.2.
Substituted in function f (d) by threshold value tr that step 6 determines again, try to achieve detection radius d of dry-cured meat impedance method0=r.
R=11mm in this example.
Step 7: whole examining area is made according to the test point that detection radius r sets q diverse location in detection zone e
Domain can be completely covered, as shown in the figure.Detection zone e internal coordinate is that the distance of mesh point to certain test point q of (x, y) is
dq(q=1～q), computing formula is as follows:
Step 8: introduce circular weighting function wq(dq), computing formula is as follows:
wq(dq) can be defined as with dqReduction and increase, show that the mesh point the closer to certain test point is detected by this point
Damage index influence degree on region is bigger.Knowable to above-mentioned definition, each detection zone is a circular zone of influence
Domain, when outside mesh point being located at circular influence area, weight coefficient is 0, represents that this mesh point is located at certain test point too far, at this
Outside point detection range, then need not consider, in data fusion process, the information that this test point provides.
Step 9: portable probe is moved to certain point q in region e to be detected and adsorbs in body structure surface.Now survey
The dry-cured meat electromechanics impedance of the portable probe of amount, obtains re (z)q, calculated by rmsd formula and try to achieve and benchmark re (z0) statistical difference
Damage index x at the different point as qq；
Step 10: damage the probit occurring at the mesh point that coordinate is (x, y) and calculated by following formula:
Wherein, xqFor selecting the damage index of test point；wq(dq) the circular contour of non-negative that is at q point linearly passs
The weight distribution function subtracting.The physical meaning of this circular feature is to cause impedance to believe when damaging and being located in detection radius r
Number change, and nearer at test point q, change is more notable, and the signal impairment factor can be with damaging away from test point
And reduce, that is, damaging change can reduce.
Step 11: Fig. 6 show the diagnostic image of detection zone e, and imaging results display impedance method being capable of more careful earth's surface
Levy damage information, the size such as damaged and shape etc..
The above, the only present invention preferably specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, technology according to the present invention scheme and its
Inventive concept equivalent or change in addition, all should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of portable damage detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave and dynamo-electric impedance it is characterised in that: the method is based on and surpasses
Guided Waves and dynamo-electric impedance combined technology, are scanned to structural damage positioning initially with guided wave method, then are hindered by electromechanics
Anti- method is estimated to damage status, specifically includes following steps:
S1: arrangement mobile sensor probe makes it adsorb on the surface treating geodesic structure；
S2: mobile sensor probe encourages and receives the guided wave signals of supersonic guide-wave equipment, treats the damage position of geodesic structure
Positioned, obtain tentative diagnosis image, determine lossless region and region e to be detected；
S3: by mobile sensor Probe arrangement in any m diverse location in the lossless region treating geodesic structure, use m table respectively
Show, m=1～m；Measure the resistance value of each position mobile sensor probe using electric impedance analyzer, take the resistance of described m position
Anti- meansigma methodss are as the reference value of dry-cured meat impedance；
S4: calculate the statistical discrepancy of dry-cured meat impedance so that it is determined that the random error distribution of impedance, made by random error distribution
Determine damage threshold with t test criterion；
S5: set up rectangular coordinate system in region e to be detected, q test point is set, is represented with q respectively, q=1～q；
S6: arrangement mobile sensor probe at q position, q=1 starts so as to adsorb again on the surface treating geodesic structure simultaneously
Carry out impedance measurement；
S7: repeat step s6, is sequentially completed the impedance measurement of remaining test point, obtains the dry-cured meat resistance value re of each test point
(z)q；
S8: dry-cured meat resistance value re (z) detecting in collection s7qSignal processing is carried out to it, by more than damage threshold in s4
Data is used for the structure of damage image, obtains the damage image of region e to be detected, and assessment degree of injury obtains to be measured
The damage information of structure；
Described mobile sensor probe has been internally integrated one or more piezoelectric chip sensors.
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| CN105388190B (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2018-04-17 | 郑州大学 | Composite wing damage positioning method based on coupling machine electrical impedance |
| CN106525918A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-03-22 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Power line clip defect recognition device and method |
| CN108732210B (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2020-07-28 | 西安交通大学 | Piezoelectric device structure defect detection method based on impedance spectrum |
| CN109596673A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-04-09 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of low-temperature composite material tank damage online recognition method based on coupling machine electrical impedance |
| CN111579870B (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2022-07-26 | 南京邮电大学 | Structural member damage monitoring and accumulation degree diagnosis method |
| CN112213394B (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2023-06-16 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城航空测控技术研究所 | Comprehensive detection method and system for composite material |
| CN113899786B (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-06-28 | 西北工业大学 | Debonding damage detection method and device and electronic equipment |
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