CN104596364A - Lead-free environment friendly type high density bullet and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Lead-free environment friendly type high density bullet and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104596364A CN104596364A CN201410704594.4A CN201410704594A CN104596364A CN 104596364 A CN104596364 A CN 104596364A CN 201410704594 A CN201410704594 A CN 201410704594A CN 104596364 A CN104596364 A CN 104596364A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a lead-free environment friendly type high density bullet and a preparation method of the environment friendly type high density bullet. The bullet materials comprise, by weight, 100 parts of high-molecular polymers, 500-2000 parts of tungsten powder, 0.05-100 parts of tungsten fiber, 0.05-200 parts of iron powder, 0.5-5 parts of compatilizer, and 0.05-1 part of antioxidants. The preparation method comprises the steps of (1) ingredient mixing, (2) extruding and granulating, (3) injecting and forming, (4) bullet billet sizing, and (5) bullet billet copper plating, and a final product is obtained. The lead-free environment friendly type high density bullet has no lead element, the pollution to environment and the harm to human, animals and plants of traditional bullets with lead are effectively avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet and preparation method thereof, belong to advanced functional composite device layout and preparation field.
Background technology
Since bullet is born, there is larger change in its shape, structure and ammunition component, but lead metal remains unchanged as its core material, this is because lead metal has 11.34g/cm
3high density and good ductility, effectively can improve accuracy and the lethality of shooting.But lead has bio-toxicity, the lead be dispersed in natural environment all has serious toxicity effect to animal nervous system, hemopoietic system, urinary system, cardiovascular system, reproductive system, skeletal system etc.According to RoHS instruction, WEEE instruction and REACH regulation, lead is listed in emphasis and limits one of harmful substance using and show great attention to.
In military field, for the U.S., annual BASIC about consumes 200,000,000 M16 rifle bullets, although often send out bullet lead tolerance to only have 2 to 3 grams, but still is equivalent to hundreds of tons of lead to be sprinkling upon target range.According to estimates, the cost of a plumb is about 25 cents, but the lead removed contained by a small caliber bullet needs 77 cents.Under the pressure of lead contamination problem, Environmental Protection Agency was once once closing 50 ground force shooting rangies of Massachusetts in 1997.From the nineties in 20th century, the countries such as the U.S. start plumb substitution studies, and wherein famous is " Green Bullets plans " of U.S. Department of Defense.This plan is by Ammunition production business the biggest in the world, the A Liante company undertaking producing 3400000000 bullets per year, the said firm adopts bonding state tungsten bullet to substitute traditional lead bullet, and it is estimated, its cost often sending out bullet is about 36 cents, to 2003, the said firm produced such bullet 8,500 ten thousand.
In civilian hunting field, " the California Condor protection plan " of the most famous is California, USA.This project is animal protection project the most expensive in mankind's history up to now, gross investment more than 3,500 ten thousand dollars, once selected PNAS2012 ten big science news.Research shows, is that the California Condor of food exists lead poisoning widely, and causes its saturnine main cause to be deposited in the plumb in prey carrion with slough.For addressing this problem, California have passed AB-711 bill in October, 2013, forbids strictly shooter and uses plumb in California.
The density of tungsten and tungsten alloy exceedes lead, and almost inanimate object toxicity, can not pollute environment, therefore be widely used as airframe material.Practice also proves, the accuracy of tungsten bullet, lethal and penetrability can match in excellence or beauty with plumb completely.But it should be noted that tungsten and tungsten alloy are high-melting-point refractory metal, its sintered state article formation processing difficulties, cost is higher.
In addition, take tungsten as high density composite prepared by filler, density can reach 11.34g/cm
3, can meet the highdensity requirement of airframe material, be desirable plumbous alternative materials.But well-known, bullet not only needs higher body density, also need higher body intensity to improve its electrical breakdown ability simultaneously.Therefore, take tungsten as high density composite prepared by filler merely, though can obtain higher body density, body intensity is lower.Meanwhile, because the hardness of tungsten is too large, in emission process, be exposed to the tungsten particle meeting direct friction barrel rifling of bullet surface, damage gun barrel.
Summary of the invention
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet, comprises and plays base and skin, and wherein, playing base is that base material prepared by the raw material comprising following weight proportion is made:
High molecular polymer 100 weight portion;
Tungsten powder 500 weight portion-2000 weight portion;
Tungsten fiber 0.05 weight portion-100 weight portion;
Iron powder 0.05 weight portion-200 weight portion;
Compatilizer 0.5 weight portion-5 weight portion;
Antioxidant 0.05 weight portion-1 weight portion.
Tungsten powder in described base material is reunited for passing through to separate, a kind of tungsten powder of average grain diameter 0.4 μm-40 μm or the mixture of several tungsten powder; Its weight portion preferably can be 600,800,1000,1200,1400,1600,1800 parts.
Tungsten fiber diameter in described base material is 10 μm-30 μm, and draw ratio is 50-150; Its weight portion preferably can be 5,10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90 parts
Iron powder in base material is spherical iron powder, particle diameter 1 μm-10 μm; Its weight portion preferably can be 10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90,100,110,120,130,140,150,160,170,180,190 parts.
Described skin is copper coating.
Wherein, high molecular polymer of the present invention is at least one in polyethylene, polypropylene, Merlon, nylon 6, nylon66 fiber, nylon 12.
Compatilizer of the present invention is preferably silane coupler.
Antioxidant of the present invention is one or both in Hinered phenols, phosphorous acid esters or monothioester kind antioxidant.
Wherein, copper coating thickness can be determined as required, such as, be 0.1-5mm.Be preferably 0.5-1.0mm.Be particularly preferably the chemical deposit comprising thickness 3 μm-10 μm, and the electrodeposited coating of thickness 0.5mm-0.8mm.Wherein, chemical deposit is positioned at inner side and substrate contact, and electrodeposited coating is positioned at outside chemical deposit.If this is because electrodeposited coating directly contacts with base material, intensity is not enough.And adopting first chemical plating, re-plating, intensity is high, and electroplating efficiency is also high.
Above-mentioned lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet preparation method, the steps include:
(1) prepare burden blended: various raw material are weighed up quality by formula, and in high-speed mixer, mix obtained compound.
(2) extruding pelletization: compound is dropped into double screw extruder, extrudes pelletizing obtained injection feed pellet.
(3) injection moulding: feed pellet will be injected by injector injection moulding, obtained lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet base.
(4) base shaping is played: lead-free for gained environment-friendly type high-density bullet base grinding removing injection gate is obtained shaping bullet base.
(5) play base copper facing: by shaping bullet base copper coating, obtain end article.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, described step (2) is: compound is dropped into double screw extruder, and extruder temperature is 130 DEG C-300 DEG C, extrudes pelletizing obtained injection feed pellet.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the addition of described high molecular polymer is that ratio in total composite volume reaches 30%-50%.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, described step (3) is: added by described injection feed pellet in 150 DEG C of-300 DEG C of injection mouldings in injector, obtained lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet base.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, described step (5) is: described lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet base is first carried out electroless copper, thickness of coating 3 μm-10 μm, carry out electro-coppering again, thickness of coating 0.5mm-0.8mm, final obtained lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet of the present invention is not containing lead element, effectively prevent traditional leaded bullet to the pollution of environment and to the mankind and vegeto-animal infringement;
2, lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet of the present invention is bonding state, compared with conventional tungsten alloy bullet, does not need sintering, does not need metal cutting process, avoid energy resource consumption;
3, lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet body packing material of the present invention is tungsten powder, iron powder and tungsten fiber, meet body highdensity while, the fiber reinforcement effect of tungsten fiber ensure that the high strength of body;
4, copper 0.5mm-0.8mm is covered on lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet bullet base surface of the present invention, not only makes apparent condition improvement, and avoids the direct friction of tungsten powder particles and gun barrel.In addition, copper coating plays one deck soft seal and adds precision between bullet and gun barrel, and the gun pressure increased in gun barrel makes bullet range greatly improve;
5, copper-plating technique of the present invention, first adopts chemical plating to be conducive to improving the bond strength on copper coating and body surface, and is electroplate with and is beneficial to raising coating speeds, enhances productivity.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by way of detailed description of the invention, technical scheme of the present invention is further detailed and is described.
Embodiment 1
Lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet matrix material formula is:
Described lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet preparation method, the steps include:
(1) prepare burden blended: various raw material are weighed up quality by formula, and in high-speed mixer, mix obtained compound.
(2) extruding pelletization: compound is dropped into double screw extruder, extrudes pelletizing obtained injection feed pellet for 180 DEG C.
(3) injection moulding: feed pellet will be injected by injector 200 DEG C of injection mouldings, obtained lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet base.
(4) base shaping is played: lead-free for gained environment-friendly type high-density bullet base grinding removing injection gate is obtained shaping bullet base.
(5) play base copper facing: shaping bullet base is first carried out Electroless copper, copper coating thickness 10 μm, then carry out plating copper facing, copper coating thickness 0.6mm, obtain end article.
The mechanical property playing base before gained copper facing is as follows:
Embodiment 2
Lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet matrix material formula is:
Described lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet preparation method, the steps include:
(1) prepare burden blended: various raw material are weighed up quality by formula, and in high-speed mixer, mix obtained compound.
(2) extruding pelletization: compound is dropped into double screw extruder, extrudes pelletizing obtained injection feed pellet for 260 DEG C.
(3) injection moulding: feed pellet will be injected by injector 290 DEG C of injection mouldings, obtained lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet base.
(4) base shaping is played: lead-free for gained environment-friendly type high-density bullet base grinding removing injection gate is obtained shaping bullet base.
(5) play base copper facing: shaping bullet base is first carried out Electroless copper, copper coating thickness 5 μm, then carry out plating copper facing, copper coating thickness 0.5mm, obtain end article.
The mechanical property playing base before gained copper facing is as follows:
Embodiment 3
Lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet matrix material formula is:
Described lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet preparation method, the steps include:
(1) prepare burden blended: various raw material are weighed up quality by formula, and in high-speed mixer, mix obtained compound.
(2) extruding pelletization: compound is dropped into double screw extruder, extrudes pelletizing obtained injection feed pellet for 180 DEG C.
(3) injection moulding: feed pellet will be injected by injector 200 DEG C of injection mouldings, obtained lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet base.
(4) base shaping is played: lead-free for gained environment-friendly type high-density bullet base grinding removing injection gate is obtained shaping bullet base.
(5) play base copper facing: shaping bullet base is first carried out Electroless copper, copper coating thickness 3 μm, then carry out plating copper facing, copper coating thickness 0.8mm, obtain end article.
The mechanical property playing base before gained copper facing is as follows:
The present invention is with tungsten powder, iron powder and tungsten fiber for filling phase, and the fiber reinforcement of tungsten fiber acts on and meets the highdensity high strength that simultaneously ensure that body of body.Simultaneously, this patent takes body copper coating, improves body surface state, avoids the direct friction of tungsten powder particles and gun barrel, copper coating plays one deck soft seal and adds fire accuracy between bullet and gun barrel, and the gun pressure also increased in gun barrel makes bullet range greatly improve.On copper-plating technique, first adopt plating to be unfavorable for the combination of copper coating and polymer surfaces, therefore first adopt chemical plating to improve the bond strength on copper coating and body surface, next adopts plating, to increase coating speeds, enhances productivity.
Claims (10)
1. a lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet, is characterized in that: comprise and play base and skin, and wherein, playing base is that base material prepared by the raw material comprising following weight proportion is made:
High molecular polymer 100 weight portion;
Tungsten powder 500 weight portion-2000 weight portion;
Tungsten fiber 0.05 weight portion-100 weight portion;
Iron powder 0.05 weight portion-200 weight portion;
Compatilizer 0.5 weight portion-5 weight portion;
Antioxidant 0.05 weight portion-1 weight portion;
Tungsten powder in its described base material is reunited for passing through to separate, a kind of tungsten powder of average grain diameter 0.4 μm-40 μm or the mixture of several tungsten powder; Tungsten fiber diameter in described base material is 10 μm-30 μm, and draw ratio is 50-150; Iron powder in base material is spherical iron powder, particle diameter 1 μm-10 μm;
Described skin is copper coating.
2. a kind of lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: copper coating thickness is 0.1-5mm.
3. a kind of lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: high molecular polymer described in its base material is at least one in polyethylene, polypropylene, Merlon, nylon 6, nylon66 fiber, nylon 12.
4. a kind of lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the compatilizer in described base material is silane coupler.
5. a kind of lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the antioxidant in described base material is one or both in Hinered phenols, phosphorous acid esters or monothioester kind antioxidant.
6. prepare a method for the lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet described in any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) prepare burden blended: various raw material are weighed up quality by formula, and in high-speed mixer, mix obtained compound;
(2) extruding pelletization: compound is dropped into double screw extruder, extrudes pelletizing obtained injection feed pellet;
(3) injection moulding: feed pellet will be injected by injector injection moulding, obtained lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet base;
(4) base shaping is played: lead-free for gained environment-friendly type high-density bullet base grinding removing injection gate is obtained shaping bullet base;
(5) play base copper facing: by shaping bullet base copper coating, obtain end article.
7. lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet preparation method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: described step (2) is: compound is dropped into double screw extruder, extruder temperature is 130 DEG C-300 DEG C, extrudes pelletizing obtained injection feed pellet.
8. lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet preparation method as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: the addition of described high molecular polymer is that the ratio in total composite volume reaches 30%-50%.
9. lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet preparation method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: described step (3) is: described injection feed pellet is added in 150 DEG C of-300 DEG C of injection mouldings in injector, obtained lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet base.
10. lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet preparation method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: described step (5) is: described lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet base is first carried out electroless copper, thickness of coating 3 μm-10 μm, carry out electro-coppering again, thickness of coating 0.5mm-0.8mm, obtains lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet.
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| CN201410704594.4A CN104596364B (en) | 2014-11-27 | 2014-11-27 | A kind of lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201410704594.4A CN104596364B (en) | 2014-11-27 | 2014-11-27 | A kind of lead-free environment-friendly type high-density bullet and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104596364B CN104596364B (en) | 2016-11-30 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105149601A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-16 | 四川有色金源粉冶材料有限公司 | Manufacturing method for high-gravity alloy feed |
| CN106247870A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-21 | 深圳市注成科技有限公司 | Frangible Projectile core and manufacture method thereof |
| CN112322030A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2021-02-05 | 南京聚隆科技股份有限公司 | High-specific-gravity high-hardness strong magnetic attraction nylon material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1274417A (en) * | 1997-10-06 | 2000-11-22 | 奥林公司 | Small caliber non-toxic penetrator projectile |
| WO2005075932A1 (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2005-08-18 | Companhia Brasileira De Cartuchos | Lead free monobloc expansion projectile and manufacturing process |
| CN102392169A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2012-03-28 | 自贡硬质合金有限责任公司 | High-density tungsten alloy containing rare earth oxide for armor-piercing bullet core and preparation method thereof |
| CN102585330A (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2012-07-18 | 厦门虹鹭钨钼工业有限公司 | Tungsten-polymer composite material and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1274417A (en) * | 1997-10-06 | 2000-11-22 | 奥林公司 | Small caliber non-toxic penetrator projectile |
| WO2005075932A1 (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2005-08-18 | Companhia Brasileira De Cartuchos | Lead free monobloc expansion projectile and manufacturing process |
| CN102392169A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2012-03-28 | 自贡硬质合金有限责任公司 | High-density tungsten alloy containing rare earth oxide for armor-piercing bullet core and preparation method thereof |
| CN102585330A (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2012-07-18 | 厦门虹鹭钨钼工业有限公司 | Tungsten-polymer composite material and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105149601A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-16 | 四川有色金源粉冶材料有限公司 | Manufacturing method for high-gravity alloy feed |
| CN106247870A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-21 | 深圳市注成科技有限公司 | Frangible Projectile core and manufacture method thereof |
| CN112322030A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2021-02-05 | 南京聚隆科技股份有限公司 | High-specific-gravity high-hardness strong magnetic attraction nylon material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104596364B (en) | 2016-11-30 |
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