Background technology
Fireflood technology can be divided into forward combustion and reverse burning by the moving direction injecting direction of air and combustion front; Wherein, the injection air of forward combustion is identical with the moving direction of combustion front, is called forward combustion; The air-flow direction of reverse burning and the moving direction of combustion front just the opposite, be called reverse combustion or reverse burning.Whether forward combustion is divided into again dry forward combustion and wet forward combustion by the water mixing of injection air; Wherein, dry forward combustion and wet forward combustion are mainly used in ligh-oil reservoir and wells in conventional heavy oil reservoir; Reverse burning is mainly used in spy, super-heavy oil deposit.
But no matter for dry forward combustion, wet forward combustion or reverse burning, all there is following problem in conventional fireflood exploitation:
1, in fireflood development process, Injection Well and producing well are disposed with certain well pattern form, adjacent Injection Well and producing well separated by a distance, but be subject to the impact of Reservoir Heterogeneity, between Injection Well and producing well, usually there is a large amount of high permeable strips, inject air fireflood process, these high permeable strips can become the main region attracting live wire, bring extreme difficulty to terrestrial operation.And often due to inadequate to the understanding of underground non-homogeneity, cause operate miss and live wire to break through producing well too early, bring hidden trouble to safety in production.In addition, due to the local penetration of live wire, a large amount of region becomes live wire periptery, cannot burn normally, and cause a large amount of reserves losses, recovery ratio is on the low side.
2, especially for thick-layer oil reservoir, due to the onlap effect of fireflood live wire, inject air due to density less, often migrate to top of oil horizon, therefore the top of often preferential combustion oil reservoir, and the middle and lower part of oil reservoir is often difficult to active combustion, and the combustion system of routine is difficult to the burning effectively controlling middle and lower part oil reservoir.
Not yet there are disclosed effective ways at present, realize the effective control to the conventional combustion in situ of thick-layer heavy crude reservoir.Therefore, the exploitation of a kind of combustion in situ of thick-layer oil reservoir is provided to become a kind of needs.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem, a kind of combustion in situ is the object of the present invention is to provide to exploit the method for thick-layer oil reservoir, the method effectively can solve thick-layer Heavy Oil Reservoir in combustion in situ process, the problems such as the Injection Well of existence is altered to the fire between producing well, live wire onlap, recovery ratio are on the low side.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides the method for a kind of combustion in situ exploitation thick-layer oil reservoir, the method comprises the following steps:
In natural vertical fractures region or without natural vertical fractures regional deployment at least a bite peupendicular hole or deviated wells cased hole completion;
Oil jacket annular space between oil pipe and sleeve pipe puts refractory ceramics packer, and refractory ceramics packer is positioned at the above 2-3 rice in boundary at the bottom of target oil reservoir; Segmenting perforating completion is carried out to the sleeve pipe of refractory ceramics packer upper and lower, top perforated interval distance target oil reservoir top circle 1-2 rice, 1-2 rice in boundary at the bottom of bottom perforated interval distance target oil reservoir;
When choosing without natural vertical fractures region well spacing, the vertical fractures producing and run through whole target oil reservoir is set in the target oil reservoir without natural vertical fractures region; Proppant is injected in the vertical fractures of natural vertical fractures or generation;
The mode of electric ignition or chemic ignition is adopted to light oil reservoir;
Oxygen-containing gas or the oxygenous material of pyrolytic is injected continuously from oil jacket annular space to target oil reservoir;
Electric submersible pump is utilized to carry out producing or utilize the coiled tubing gas injection in oil pipe to carry out gaslift production;
When live wire leading edge is moved down into described refractory ceramics packer, completed product run.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, in method provided by the invention, Injection Well and producing well are same well; Enter the bottom completion of sleeve pipe to target oil reservoir under in pit shaft, enter boundary at the bottom of oil pipe to oil reservoir under in sleeve pipe, the oil jacket annular space between oil pipe and sleeve pipe puts refractory ceramics packer, and packer is positioned at the above 2-3 rice in boundary at the bottom of target oil reservoir; Segmenting perforating completion is carried out to the sleeve pipe of packer upper and lower, top perforated interval distance target oil reservoir top circle 1-2 rice, 1-2 rice in boundary at the bottom of bottom perforated interval distance target oil reservoir.
In the method for combustion in situ exploitation thick-layer oil reservoir provided by the invention, preferably, the continuous thickness of the target oil reservoir of thick-layer oil reservoir is greater than 10 meters.
In the method for combustion in situ exploitation thick-layer oil reservoir provided by the invention, preferably, adopt fracturing mode, the high-pressure gas injection mode of super fracture pressure or the high pressure water injection mode of super fracture pressure that the vertical fractures producing and run through whole target oil reservoir is set in the target oil reservoir without natural vertical fractures region.
According to specific embodiment of the invention method, above-mentioned pressing crack construction technological parameter adopts disclosed technique in the industry to carry out.
In the method for combustion in situ exploitation thick-layer oil reservoir provided by the invention, preferably, the proppant of employing comprises Hydrobon catalyst or thermal cracking catalyst.
In the method for combustion in situ provided by the invention exploitation thick-layer oil reservoir, preferably, the proppant of employing comprises transition metal, the compound of transition metal, natural zeolite or artificial zeolite; More preferably, the transition metal of employing comprises the combination of one or more of scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, yttrium, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, technetium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, cadmium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, osmium, iridium and platinum; Wherein, the compound of transition metal includes but not limited to oxide, carbide, nitride, boride, silicide, the sulfide of transition metal; Most preferably, the proppant of employing comprises molybdenum oxide or natural zeolite.
In the method for combustion in situ exploitation thick-layer oil reservoir provided by the invention, preferably, the gas composition that the volume content that oxygen-containing gas used comprises air, oxygen, ozone or oxygen is greater than 15%; The injection rate of described oxygen-containing gas is 1000-20000Nm
3/ sky.
In the method for combustion in situ exploitation thick-layer oil reservoir provided by the invention, preferably, the oxygenous material of pyrolytic adopted comprises hydrogen peroxide or mass ratio is the potassium chlorate of 2-3:1 and the water solution mixture of manganese dioxide, and potassium chlorate and the manganese dioxide mass fraction in water is 10wt%-50wt%; The injection rate of the oxygenous material of pyrolytic is 10-200 ton/sky; The oxygenous material of pyrolytic is injected under surface temperature.
In the method for combustion in situ exploitation thick-layer oil reservoir provided by the invention, preferably, when utilizing coiled tubing gas injection to produce, the gas of injection comprises nitrogen, air or carbon dioxide.
In the method for combustion in situ exploitation thick-layer oil reservoir provided by the invention, preferably, the injection rate of gas is 100-3000Nm
3/ sky.
In the method for combustion in situ exploitation thick-layer oil reservoir provided by the invention, preferably, controlling the flue gas velocity of discharge in manufacturing process with the velocity ratio of injection oxygen-containing gas is 0.8-1:1;
Or the velocity ratio controlling the oxygen that the flue gas velocity of discharge and the oxygenous material of pyrolytic produce is 0.8-1:1.
In the method for combustion in situ exploitation thick-layer oil reservoir provided by the invention, preferably, when utilizing electric submersible pump to produce, control flowing bottomhole pressure (FBHP) higher than original reservoir pressure 1-2MPa, the submergence of electric submersible pump remains on more than 5 meters.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, when utilizing electric submersible pump to produce, enter electric submersible pump under in oil pipe, electric submersible pump is lowered into bottom target oil reservoir; Described electric submersible pump is used for high temperature lifting.
In the method for combustion in situ exploitation thick-layer oil reservoir provided by the invention, preferably, when utilizing the coiled tubing gas injection in oil pipe to carry out gaslift production, when coiled tubing not gas injection, when shaft bottom liquid also can be given rise to ground by the gas by burning generation, stop gas injection in coiled tubing.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, when utilizing the coiled tubing gas injection in oil pipe to carry out gaslift production, enter coiled tubing under in oil pipe, for high temperature gaslift.
In method provided by the invention, utilize electric submersible pump by high temperature lifting or utilize coiled tubing gas injection by the mode of high temperature gaslift by the crude oil of flue gas and cracking upgrading through oil pipe extraction ground.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, electric ignition or chemic ignition adopt conventional sparking mode to carry out.
The method of combustion in situ exploitation thick-layer oil reservoir provided by the invention is applicable to all kinds of thick-layer oil reservoirs adopting combustion in situ exploitation.Method of the present invention, compared with existing conventional situ combustion technology, has following beneficial effect:
Method of the present invention does not need special flooding pattern, injects and all completes at a bite well with extraction process, can save a large amount of running cost.
Method provided by the invention adopts the mode that oil reservoir top is burnt, bottom produces, and makes full use of the Action of Gravity Field of heating in crude oil in baked wheaten cake process, lets out in the producing well bottom oil reservoir under relying on gravity; And stablize baked wheaten cake vertical position by the submergence controlling production-injection ratio and pump, avoid fire to alter, achieve the combustion in situ exploitation of thick-layer oil reservoir economical and efficient.
Adopt method provided by the invention in baked wheaten cake process, due to the onlap effect of air, preferentially form baked wheaten cake face in top of oil horizon, along with constantly carrying out of producing, combustion front is constantly expanded downwards, and heating displacement top, middle part and bottom crude oil enter the production section on boundary at the bottom of oil reservoir, therefore vertically involves evenly, avoid the adverse effect being difficult to effective displacement oil reservoir bottom crude oil in conventional fireflood process because of air onlap, can recovery ratio be increased substantially.
Vertical fractures in the method for combustion in situ exploitation thick-layer oil reservoir of the present invention runs through whole oil reservoir, is conducive to preventing baked wheaten cake process Crude Oil coking and blocking vertical flow passage, lets out, improve rate of oil production under can accelerating high heat heating and thermal cracking crude oil.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to there be understanding clearly to technical characteristic of the present invention, object and beneficial effect, referring now to Figure of description, following detailed description is carried out to technical scheme of the present invention, but can not be interpreted as to of the present invention can the restriction of practical range.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of combustion in situ to exploit the method for thick-layer oil reservoir, and as shown in Figure 1, the continuous thickness of target oil reservoir of this oil reservoir is 15 meters to the casing programme in the method, and oil reservoir grows natural vertical fractures, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) in intrinsic fracture regional deployment a bite peupendicular hole 1 also setting of casing 12 completion; Injection Well and producing well are same well; Sleeve pipe 12 is entered to target oil reservoir 2 end circle's completion under in pit shaft, oil pipe 11 is entered to target oil reservoir 2 end circle under in sleeve pipe 12, oil jacket annular space between oil pipe 11 and sleeve pipe 12 puts refractory ceramics packer 14, and refractory ceramics packer 14 is positioned at 2 meters, more than target oil reservoir 2 end circle; Carry out segmenting perforating completion to the sleeve pipe of refractory ceramics packer 14 upper and lower, top perforated interval 15 pushes up 1 meter, boundary apart from target oil reservoir 2, and bottom perforated interval 16 is apart from 1 meter, target oil reservoir 2 end circle; Enter electric submersible pump 17 under in oil pipe 11, described electric submersible pump 17 is lowered into bottom oil pipe 11 for high temperature lifting;
(2) in crack, molybdenum oxide is injected as proppant;
(3) electric ignition mode is adopted to light oil reservoir;
(4) with 5000Nm
3the injection rate in/sky injects air from top oil jacket annular space to target oil reservoir 2;
(5) electric submersible pump 17 on target oil reservoir 2 end circle is adopted to produce; Control flowing bottomhole pressure (FBHP) higher than original reservoir pressure 1MPa, the submergence of electric submersible pump 17 remains on 6 meters;
(6) controlling the flue gas velocity of discharge with the injection rate ratio of air is 0.8:1, alters to prevent fire;
(7) when live wire leading edge 3 of burning is moved down into refractory ceramics packer 14, stop injecting air, produce and terminate.
The said method that the present embodiment provides, the combustion in situ exploitation of the above-mentioned thick-layer oil reservoir of successful implementation.On stream, owing to adopting same well as Injection Well and producing well, therefore drilling well and running cost significantly reduce, and whole economic efficiency improves 30% than conventional fireflood; Meanwhile, the present embodiment adopts the mode of vertical fireflood continuously downwards, and effectively prevent because air onlap causes fireflood reserves exploitation uneven in conventional fireflood process, recovery ratio improves 27%; In addition, owing to adopting vertical fractures to accelerate fireflood assisted gravity drainage, rate of oil production improves 2 times than conventional fireflood mode; Owing to strictly controlling submergence and the operating parameter of electric submersible pump in operation, ensure that the successful exploitation of fireflood.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of combustion in situ to exploit the method for thick-layer oil reservoir, and as shown in Figure 2, the continuous thickness of target oil reservoir of this oil reservoir is 25 meters to the casing programme in the method, and oil reservoir is without the natural vertical fractures of growth, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) a bite peupendicular hole 1 also setting of casing 12 completion is disposed; Injection Well and producing well are same well; Sleeve pipe 12 is entered to target oil reservoir 2 end circle's completion under in pit shaft, oil pipe 11 is entered to target oil reservoir 2 end circle under in sleeve pipe 12, oil jacket annular space between oil pipe 11 and sleeve pipe 12 puts refractory ceramics packer 14, and refractory ceramics packer 14 is positioned at 3 meters, more than target oil reservoir 2 end circle; Carry out segmenting perforating completion to the sleeve pipe 12 of refractory ceramics packer 14 upper and lower, top perforated interval 15 pushes up 2 meters, boundary apart from target oil reservoir 2, and bottom perforated interval 16 is apart from 2 meters, target oil reservoir 2 end circle; Enter coiled tubing 13 under in oil pipe 11, described coiled tubing 13 is lowered into bottom oil pipe 2 and carries out high temperature gaslift for gas injection, nitrogen injection;
(2) adopt fracturing mode pressure break near wellbore zone oil reservoir, producing vertical fractures without growing in intrinsic fracture oil reservoir, whole oil reservoir is run through in crack; Natural zeolite is injected as proppant in crack;
(3) electric ignition mode is adopted to light oil reservoir;
(4) to target oil reservoir 2, inject hydrogen peroxide from top oil jacket annular space with the injection rate of 50 tons/day, implantation temperature is 80 DEG C;
(5) gaslift production is carried out in coiled tubing 13 gas injection entering target oil reservoir 2 end circle under utilizing; With 3000Nm
3the injection rate in/sky is to coiled tubing 13 nitrogen injection; Closely monitoring and metering output gas velocity variations in process of production, when shaft bottom liquid also can be given rise to ground by coiled tubing 13 not gas injection, the gas that produces by burning, stopping coiled tubing 13 gas injection of stage;
(6) controlling the flue gas velocity of discharge and injecting the produce oxygen ratio of speed of decomposing hydrogen dioxide solution is 1:1, alters to prevent fire;
(7) when live wire leading edge 3 of burning is moved down into refractory ceramics packer 14, stop injecting air, produce and terminate.
The present embodiment adopts above-mentioned steps and operating parameter, the successful implementation combustion in situ exploitation of this thick-layer oil reservoir.On stream, owing to adopting same well as Injection Well and producing well, therefore drilling well and running cost significantly reduce, and whole economic efficiency improves 40% than conventional fireflood; Meanwhile, the present embodiment adopts the mode of vertical fireflood continuously downwards, and effectively prevent because air onlap causes fireflood reserves exploitation uneven in conventional fireflood process, recovery ratio improves 23%; In addition, owing to adopting vertical fractures to accelerate fireflood assisted gravity drainage, rate of oil production improves 1.5 times than conventional fireflood mode; Due to submergence and the operating parameter of strict controlling in operation, because this ensure that the successful exploitation of fireflood.