A kind of heavy metal ion adsorbed type PS hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of membrane, particularly relate to a kind of heavy metal ion adsorbed type PS hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Along with the development of metallurgical industry and chemical industry, be on the rise from the contaminated wastewater containing heavy metal ion such as lead, copper, chromium, mercury produced in the process such as electroplate liquid and metal smelt, the health of relation people.At present, heavy metal pollution has become serious environmental problem, even rise to society and ecological harmonious development need the problem of solution badly.In recent decades, membrane technology development rapidly, has been widely used in the fields such as sewage disposal, desalinization, health care and energy-conserving and environment-protective, film industry oneself become independently new high-tech industry.Compared with traditional isolation technics, the separative efficiency of membrane technology is high, separation process is comparatively simple, energy consumption is low and environmental protection, is more suitable for the needs of modern industry.The process of the research of film, development and utilization and energy-conserving and environment-protective, water resources development utilization and sewage is closely connected, serious at energy scarcity, ecological environmental pollution, especially today that water pollutions is serious, film and membrane technology are more and more by favor and the concern of countries in the world researcher.
The chemical stability that polysulfones PS has had, resistance to water, heat resistance, dimensional stability and good film forming and mechanical strength, be widely used in micro-filtration, counter-infiltration, ultrafiltration, electrodialysis, gas separaion, bioengineering and medical treatment etc.The fields such as the hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane made with polysulfones PS has been widely used in concentrating, be separated, purify, refine, recovery.Large quantity research shows, relative to the film of reverse osmosis membrane with other kinds, hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane has outstanding advantage and feature, main manifestations is without the need to supporter, membrane module can make arbitrary size and shape, and loading density in membrane module is large, the membrane area of unit volume is large, flux large, can effectively remove the impurity such as water-borne glue body, suspended particulates, bacterium, iron rust, silt.This makes device miniaturization, simplifies the structure, and is therefore used widely biotechnology, gas separaion, large-scale industry and medicine etc. are multi-field.But, in the prior art, the main physically based deformation mechanical grading of function of ultrafiltration membrane technique, and cannot heavy-metal ion removal, when being applied to water treatment, often to be aided with other multiple water-purifying process, as absorption, ion-exchange, electrodialysis etc., therefore all require higher to equipment investment, occupation of land aspect, space, and implementation result is undesirable.A kind of heavy metal ion adsorbed type PVDF hollow-fibre membrane disclosed in CN102527261A, wherein containing attapulgite modified, PVDF and attapulgite modified mass ratio are 1: 0.01 ~ 1: 0.1, the weak point of this technical scheme is, the selectable range of raw material is little, and the adsorption capacity of heavy metal ion especially copper, lead, nickel, chromium ion is not strong.
Visible, the strong and simple technical scheme of preparation method of a kind of hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane of current domestic shortage heavy metal ionic adsorption power ability.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of heavy metal ion adsorbed type PS hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane and preparation method thereof, solve PS hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane heavy metal ion adsorption capacity of the prior art strong, for complex process during water treatment and the undesirable problem of effect.
The invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of heavy metal ion adsorbed type PS hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane, be prepare hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane with dry-wet spinning method after preparation spinning solution, described spinning solution mass percent formula is:
Polysulfones PS10-25%;
Additive 1-20%;
Solvent 60-80%;
Pore-foaming agent 1-20%;
Described additive be ion-exchange type resin, shitosan, sepiolite, mesoporous silicon oxide, molecular sieve, attapulgite, bentonite any one or etc. any two of quality;
Described solvent be 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE (NMP), DMF (DMF), DMA (DMAC), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (DMSO) any one or etc. any two of quality;
Described pore-foaming agent is any one in PEG1000, PEG2000, PEG6000, PEG10000, PVPK15, PVPK30.
A preparation method for heavy metal ion adsorbed type PS hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane, comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of spinning solution: pour in container by polysulfones PS, additive, solvent and pore-foaming agent by percent mass proportioning, then at 50-80 DEG C of heating 3h, fully stirs and the homodisperse spinning solution of ultrasonic process acquisition;
(2) spinning:
Poured into by spinning solution in dry-wet machine reactor, temperature controls at 20-40 DEG C, vacuum defoamation 60min;
Open outlet valve, in still, pass into nitrogen pressurization to 0.2MPa, then open spinning pump, rotating speed controls at 15-40r/min, and core liquid pump rotating speed controls at 10-20r/min;
Start spinning, the doughnut that spinning head is extruded is wound on wind-up roll after the coagulating bath of 20 DEG C, and rolling speed controls at 10-30r/min;
(4) spinning post processing:
After spinning terminates, take off hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane from spiral filament forming machine, be then placed in reverse osmosis water and soak 2 days, be soak 2 days in the glycerine water solution of 50% afterwards in mass concentration, last drying at room temperature obtains heavy metal ion adsorbed type PS hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane.
Described core liquid be the aqueous solution, the NMP aqueous solution, the DMF aqueous solution, the DMAC aqueous solution, glycerine water solution any one.
Described coagulation bath be the aqueous solution, the NMP aqueous solution, the DMF aqueous solution, the DMAC aqueous solution, glycerine water solution any one.
The heavy metal ion adsorbed type hollow-fibre membrane of the present invention is for separating of the application of the heavy metal ion removed in sewage.
Applicant finds through long term test research, the separating property of polysulfones PS hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane is good, and the absorption property of ion-exchange type resin, shitosan, sepiolite, mesoporous silicon oxide, molecular sieve, attapulgite and Bentonite is also stronger.But difficulty ion-exchange type resin, shitosan, sepiolite, mesoporous silicon oxide, molecular sieve, attapulgite and bentonite being applied to ion type polysulfones PS hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane system is higher, and its correlative study there is not yet report.The heavy metal ion adsorbed performance that the present invention utilizes ion-exchange type resin, shitosan or inorganic mineral superior, join in the spinning solution of PS hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane with scientific and reasonable proportioning, add specific spinning process and spinning post-processing approach, the heavy metal ion adsorbed type PS hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane prepared effectively can remove the heavy metal ion such as copper, lead, chromium in sewage.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: compared with prior art, the heavy metal ion adsorbed hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane product that the present invention obtains is better than heavy metal ion adsorbed type hollow-fibre membrane of the prior art, not only there is the features such as self-supporting, establishment membrane area and flux are large, good pressure-resistant performance, the absorption property of heavy metal ion is stronger; Its preparation technology is simple, process stabilizing, and successful, is easy to industrialization, and the adsorption effect of heavy metal ion is obvious.Adopt hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane prepared by the present invention, its pure water flux can reach 200L/m
2hbar, to the rejection of PEG100000 more than 80%.The adsorption rate of film product of the present invention to copper, lead, nickel, chromium ion is respectively 25%, 22%, 25% and 20%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the heavy metal ion adsorbed type PS hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane cross section picture that the embodiment of the present invention 1 obtains;
Fig. 2 is the heavy metal ion adsorbed type PS hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane surface picture that the embodiment of the present invention 1 obtains.
Specific embodiment mode
In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, below by embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is specifically described.What be necessary to herein means out is that the present embodiment is only for being described further invention; limiting the scope of the invention can not be interpreted as; if the person skilled in the art in this field makes some nonessential improvement and adjustment according to the invention described above content to the present invention, still belong to scope.
Embodiment 1
Design spinning solution mass percent formula is:
Polysulfones PS 10%;
Ion exchange resin (average grain diameter 10um) 15%;
1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE 70%;
PEG1000 5%。
Preparation of spinning solution process is: added in the solvent filling NMP 70% by ion exchange resin 15%, stirs after dispersion, adds PEG10005%, be heated to 50 DEG C and be incubated 3h, make it dissolve, finally progressively add polysulfones PS 10%, fully stir and the homodisperse spinning solution of ultrasonic process acquisition.
Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration preparation process is: poured into by spinning solution in dry-wet machine reactor, temperature controls at 20 DEG C, vacuum defoamation 60min.Then open outlet valve, in still, pass into nitrogen pressurization to 0.2MPa, then open spinning pump, rotating speed controls at 15r/min, and core liquid NMP aqueous solution rotating speed controls at 10r/min, starts spinning; The doughnut that spinning head is extruded is wound on wind-up roll after the DMF aqueous solution of 20 DEG C, and rolling speed controls at 10r/min.After spinning terminates, take off hollow-fibre membrane from spiral filament forming machine, be then placed in reverse osmosis water and soak 2 days, be soak 2 days in the glycerine water solution of 50% afterwards at mass ratio, last drying at room temperature obtains heavy metal ion adsorbed type PS hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane.
Fig. 1 is the heavy metal ion adsorbed type PS hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane cross section picture that the embodiment of the present invention 1 obtains;
Fig. 2 is the heavy metal ion adsorbed type PS hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane surface picture that the embodiment of the present invention 1 obtains.
Embodiment 2
Design spinning solution mass percent formula is:
Polysulfones PS 25%;
Shitosan (average grain diameter 10um) 1%;
DMF 60%;
PEG2000 14%。
Preparation of spinning solution process is: added by 1% shitosan and fill in the solvent of 60%DMF, stirs after dispersion, adds 14%PEG2000, be heated to 60 DEG C and be incubated 3h, make it dissolve, finally progressively add 25% polysulfones PS, fully stir and the homodisperse spinning solution of ultrasonic process acquisition.
Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration preparation process is: poured into by spinning solution in dry-wet machine reactor, temperature controls at 25 DEG C, vacuum defoamation 60min.Then open outlet valve, in still, pass into nitrogen pressurization to 0.2MPa, then open spinning pump, rotating speed controls at 35r/min, and core liquid DMF aqueous solution rotating speed controls at 15r/min, starts spinning; The doughnut that spinning head is extruded is wound on wind-up roll after the DMAC aqueous solution of 20 DEG C, and rolling speed controls at 12r/min.After spinning terminates, take off hollow-fibre membrane from spiral filament forming machine, be then placed in reverse osmosis water and soak 2 days, be soak 2 days in the glycerine water solution of 50% afterwards at mass ratio, last drying at room temperature obtains heavy metal ion adsorbed type PS hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane.
Embodiment 3
Design spinning solution mass percent formula is:
Polysulfones PS 15%;
Sepiolite (average grain diameter 10um) 20%;
DMAC 60%;
PEG10000 5%。
Preparation of spinning solution process is: added by 20% sepiolite and fill in the container of 60%DMAC, stirs after dispersion, adds 15%PEG2000, be heated to 80 DEG C and be incubated 3h, make it dissolve, finally progressively add 15% polysulfones PS, fully stir and the homodisperse spinning solution of ultrasonic process acquisition.
Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration preparation process is: poured into by spinning solution in dry-wet machine reactor, temperature controls at 35 DEG C, vacuum defoamation 60min.Then open outlet valve, in still, pass into nitrogen pressurization to 0.2MPa, then open spinning pump, rotating speed controls at 30r/min, and core liquid DMAC aqueous solution rotating speed controls at 20r/min, starts spinning; The doughnut that spinning head is extruded is wound on wind-up roll after the NMP aqueous solution of 20 DEG C, and rolling speed controls at 15r/min.After spinning terminates, take off hollow-fibre membrane from spiral filament forming machine, be then placed in reverse osmosis water and soak 2 days, be soak 2 days in the glycerine water solution of 50% afterwards at mass ratio, last drying at room temperature obtains heavy metal ion adsorbed type PS hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane.
Embodiment 4
Design spinning solution mass percent formula is:
Polysulfones PS 12%;
Attapulgite (average grain diameter 10um) 3%;
(DMAC:DMF=32.5:32.5) 65%;
PVPK15 20%。
Preparation of spinning solution process is: added by 3% sepiolite in the container filling 65% mixed solvent (DMAC and DMF mass ratio is 1:1), stir after disperseing, add 20%PVPK15, be heated to 70 DEG C and be incubated 3h, make it dissolve, finally progressively add 12% polysulfones PS, fully stir and the homodisperse spinning solution of ultrasonic process acquisition.
Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration preparation process is: poured into by spinning solution in dry-wet machine reactor, temperature controls at 25 DEG C, vacuum defoamation 60min.Then open outlet valve, in still, pass into nitrogen pressurization to 0.2MPa, then open spinning pump, rotating speed controls at 25r/min, and aqueous solution rotating speed controls at 18r/min, starts spinning; The doughnut that spinning head is extruded is wound on wind-up roll after the glycerine water solution of 20 DEG C, and rolling speed controls at 20r/min.After spinning terminates, take off hollow-fibre membrane from spiral filament forming machine, be then placed in reverse osmosis water and soak 2 days, be soak 2 days in the glycerine water solution of 50% afterwards at mass ratio, last drying at room temperature obtains heavy metal ion adsorbed type PS hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane.
Embodiment 5
Design spinning solution mass percent formula is:
Polysulfones PS 10%;
Additive package (shitosan and sepiolite) 9%
(mass ratio of shitosan and sepiolite is 1:1, average grain diameter 10um);
DMAC 80%;
PVPK30 1%。
Preparation of spinning solution process is: added by 9% additive package and fill in the container of 80%DMAC, stirs after dispersion, adds 1%PVPK30, be heated to 80 DEG C and be incubated 3h, make it dissolve, finally progressively add 10% polysulfones PS, fully stir and the homodisperse spinning solution of ultrasonic process acquisition.
Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration preparation process is: poured into by spinning solution in dry-wet machine reactor, temperature controls at 40 DEG C, vacuum defoamation 60min.Then open outlet valve, in still, pass into nitrogen pressurization to 0.2MPa, then open spinning pump, rotating speed controls at 40r/min, and glycerine water solution rotating speed controls at 16r/min, starts spinning; The doughnut that spinning head is extruded is wound on wind-up roll after the aqueous solution of 20 DEG C, and rolling speed controls at 18r/min.After spinning terminates, take off hollow-fibre membrane from spiral filament forming machine, be then placed in reverse osmosis water and soak 2 days, be soak 2 days in the glycerine water solution of 50% afterwards at mass ratio, last drying at room temperature obtains heavy metal ion adsorbed type PS hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane.
Heavy metal ion adsorbed type PS hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1 is adopted to be respectively used to the adsorption experiment of the heavy metal ion sewage such as copper, nickel, lead, chromium, found that it is respectively 25%, 22%, 25% and 20% to the adsorption rate of copper, lead, nickel, chromium ion, be better than heavy metal ion adsorbed type hollow-fibre membrane of the prior art.