CN104582854B - For the method ground - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of method for grinding grinding-material in grinder (2), described grinder has abrasive body (3) and at least one roller (7), described roller above rolls at described abrasive body (3) under the effect of grinding pressure, wherein, described grinding-material joins between abrasive body (3) and roller (7) in the grinding-material stream as lapping machine (9), and ground by roller (7) in lapping machine (9), the lapping machine height of lapping machine (9) between abrasive body (3) and roller (7) is measured constantly in process of lapping, and according to regulation and control variable, grinder (2) is adjusted under prespecified specified states, wherein, regulation and control variable at least includes grinding pressure and grinding-material stream, and specified states includes at least one rated value for lapping machine height.According to present invention provide that, process of lapping determines the machine performance of roller (7) constantly and thereby determines that the intensity of lapping machine (9), and specified states includes at least one rated value for the intensity of lapping machine (9).

Description

For the method ground

The present invention relates to a kind of method for grinding-material being ground in grinder, described grinding Facility have abrasive body and have at least one roller rolled on abrasive body by grinding pressure, its In, grinding-material enters the grinding-material stream as the lapping machine (Mahlbett) between abrasive body and roller In, and pulverized by roller in lapping machine, to the grinding between abrasive body and roller in process of lapping The lapping machine height of bed carries out test constantly, and adjusts grinder to predetermined rule according to regulation and control variable Determining state, wherein, regulation and control variable at least includes grinding pressure and grinding-material flow, and specified states Including at least one rated value for lapping machine height.

This method is disclosed in document DE 10 2,007 062 820 A1.The side of another kind of the above-mentioned type Rule is as realized by the control software LMmaster of the Loesche GmbH company of Dusseldorf.

Document DE 1 507 579 B such as discloses the most controlled a kind of rectilinear grinding Machine.This rectilinear grinder is particularly useful in cement industry and Coal fired power station fragility grinding-material Grinding, such as to raw material (for cement manufacture raw material), cement brick, the limestone of in bulk, coal Charcoal, clay, Gypsum Fibrosum or the grinding of blast-furnace cinder (slag).

Rectilinear grinder generally by one or more have rotary grinding disc grinder constitute, described Rotary grinding disc has one as common abrasive body and each abrasive disk and rolls on abrasive body Roller.Described roller can be spherical or cylindrical roller, taper roller or sphere in size and geometry Roller.The friction surface of abrasive body and roller can be provided with the coating of highly abrasion-resistant damage, such as by chill cast share The coating that part is made.

In the running of this rectilinear grinder, grinding-material generally discharges at abrasive body from top In in the heart, be moved radially outwards from this effect being in himself weight and centrifugal force, and quilt Roller grinds.Here, define on abrasive body good by partial mill, there is varigrained grinding The layer that material is constituted, the most so-called " lapping machine ", described lapping machine towards the edge of abrasive body and is outwards held Continuously mobile.According to grinding-material and the difference of application purpose, on abrasive body, add water extraly.

On the edge of abrasive body, the granule of grinding-material is to the grinding of the rectilinear grinder being positioned at lower section Basin drops.According to the difference of application purpose, according to particle size, the granule carrying out self-grind basin is sieved, Wherein, the thickest granule is re-entered in abrasive body.Additionally, generally also by vertical ascent The granule of micronic dust shape is conveyed upwards into the sifter being arranged in above abrasive body by air stream from lapping machine.

Lapping machine machine performance (its intensity and the lapping machine height on abrasive body) in rolling process is main The effect of process of lapping to be determined.Known method is monitored lapping machine height and is output the essence of granule Fineness and quantity, and it is being used for recording the rectilinear grinder specified states generation error of parameter with regulation Shi Zidong adjusts the regulation and control variable of rectilinear grinder.

The general regulation and control variable of rectilinear grinder (grinding-material stream and can be adjusted according to application Grinding pressure on roller, the water yield being applied on abrasive body or air mass flow and sifter rotating speed) only The most indirectly and nonlinearity ground and the output fineness of granule and the regulated value recorded of quantity Form association.Therefore the correct of regulation and control variable is adjusted extremely complex and also easily make mistakes.

Foregoing document DE 10 2,007 062 820 A1 advises, fuzzy by do not describe in detail Actuator (Fuzzy-Regeln) so regulates lapping machine height when grinding coal, thus avoids grinder " rumble abnormal sound ".It is defined as measured value and regulates and controls having of variable, sifter air stream, sifter temperature Degree, sifter particle separation diameter and sifter rotating speed, grinding-material mass flow (so-called " mill load "), Grinding pressure, lapping machine height, the abrasive properties (such as breathing out Dege sieve husband's grindability index) of grinding-material The nitrogen oxide emission of burner with memory capacity and being followed by grinder or flame formation, with And the heated drying air flowing through grinder (includes the tiny dry charcoal ash particle being carried and from coal The water being evaporated) grinder import and export between pressure differential.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved is, it is provided that the another kind of side for adjusting regulation and control variable Method.

Technical scheme

Based on known method, according to present invention provide that, process of lapping determines the machine of roller constantly Tool state and the intensity of lapping machine, and specified states includes at least one volume for the intensity of lapping machine Definite value.

Known method limits the measurement to lapping machine height, because the most generally determining process of lapping The intensity of the lapping machine of effect can not be directly measured.The present invention relates to a kind of understanding, i.e. lapping machine is in rolling Intensity under Zi is associated with the machine performance of roller by the equation of motion, and can thus be calculated Go out.The machine performance (deformation of kinestate, active force and generation) of roller can be by general known formula Method records.

The method according to the invention is that the complete machine performance utilizing lapping machine carries to regulate process of lapping Regulative mode, described regulative mode has been supplied to be formed the most direct with the regulation and control variable of rectilinear grinder Association.There is this could realize the automatic adjustment to regulation and control variable.

Preferably, in the method according to the invention, the machine performance of roller includes being acted on by lapping machine Power on roller and roller are around the position of the rotation axis of roller and/or the anglec of rotation.Preferably, according to this The method of invention determines described power and the most at least along the position radially of roller.Pass through roller Power and the radial component of position can detect lapping machine and be perpendicular to the rigidity of abrasive body, tangential by power Component and the lapping machine anglec of rotation in the movement direction detects.

It is particularly preferred that determine the speed of roller, acceleration, angle speed in the method according to the invention At least one in degree and angular acceleration.

At a kind of preferred version of the method according to the invention, the intensity of lapping machine at least includes lapping machine Damping and/or the rigidity of lapping machine.It is determined by along three direction in spaces and moving point around three spatial axes Amount and power, measured for determining intensity, Line independent component institute likely mode.

According to the difference of applicable cases, different points of some in these parameters of the machine performance of described roller Amount is less crucial for process of lapping.In the method according to the invention, can save those The determination of not bery crucial component.

Preferably, in the method according to the invention, in order to calibrate, it be first depending on measured value and pass through Various dimensions non-linear regression method measures proportionality constant, in order to determine regulation and control variable by the intensity of lapping machine. Calibrate proportionality constant according to measured value especially to allow in different rectilinear grinders according to this Bright method is adjusted.

It is particularly preferred that in this method according to the invention, process of lapping measures ratio constantly Example constant.Because proportionality constant should (or only slowly) not become in the regulation running of grinder Changing, the continuing to monitor of comparative example constant achieves the good observation of especially state of wear to roller.Ratio The jumping change of constant may explanation run disturbed, and is used as the index that automatic emergency is closed.

In the category of the method according to the invention, utilize grinding-material add water to abrasive body and roller it Between, wherein, regulation and control variable includes the amount of the water being added into.Additionally, the grinding-material being ground is from substantially The air of perpendicular flow is transported in sifter, and in this place according at least by granular size, close The index that degree, inertia and suspension characteristic or stratification characteristic are constituted is classified, and wherein, regulation and control variable includes stream The amount of dynamic air and the sifter rotating speed of sifter.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is carried out more detailed elaboration.In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 illustrates rectilinear grinder,

Fig. 2 illustrates the details of rectilinear grinder, and

Fig. 3 illustrates the schematic diagram of the equation of motion.

Rectilinear grinder 1 shown in Fig. 1 has four grinders 2, and described grinder 2 is with conduct The abrasive disk of common abrasive body 3.Described four grinders 2 and abrasive body 3 are fixed on the common end On plate 4.The substrate 5 of abrasive body 3 is connected regularly with base plate 4.Abrasive body 3 can around vertical axis 6 Support rotatably, and driven when the operation of rectilinear grinder 1.Fig. 2 shows in detail vertically One single grinder 2 of formula grinder 1.Each grinder 2 has roller 7, described roller Rotate around horizontal axis 8, and roll on abrasive body 3.

The machine performance of roller 7 is equation of motion F=cf (x)+kf (x)+mf (a) by Structural Dynamics Being described in terms of mathematics, the described equation of motion is illustrated in figure 3: power F acts on roller On 7, roller 7 have radius R, weight m and at any time relative to (unshowned) initial point away from From x, speed v and acceleration a.Constant k and c of the equation of motion is equal to rigidity and the resistance of lapping machine 9 Buddhist nun.All amounts are all vectors.It is being v with the speed on (Utopian) contact point of lapping machine 9 and is adding In the case of speed is a, by angleDerivative obtain the component along tangent direction.

Be used for the basic material of manufacture of cement in rectilinear grinding machine for grinding, described basic material is about 90vH (per overall volume) is made up of limestone.Other adjuvant especially plaster, charcoal ash and aluminum, Wherein, aluminum joins in rectilinear grinder with the form of fine particle.Grinding-material is in addition Before be heated to about 200 DEG C, in order to avoid too early adhesion.

First, grinder 2 is installed measuring value sensor, in order to determine the machinery of roller 7 constantly State, and will motion and power and regulated value, i.e. lapping machine height, driving merit within the time of several weeks Rate, pressure differential, sifter temperature and heating power and corresponding grinding pressure, grinding-material stream, sieve Device rotating speed and the water yield and air capacity is divided to be received or record as regulation and control variable.Pass through according to machine performance The equation of motion calculates the intensity of lapping machine 9 constantly.

In order to regulation is calibrated, determine proportionality constant, described ratio by various dimensions non-linear regression method Example constant describes the relation between the intensity of lapping machine 9 and the regulation and control variable of grinder 2.

The specified states of lapping machine 9 is defined, wherein, according to it in order to run rectilinear grinder 1 The experience of pre-test arranges Ginding process with the efficiency optimized.If in running lapping machine 9 by Machine performance determined by measured value and specified states generation deviation, then utilize currently known mathematical relationship Calculate and regulation and control variable is adjusted correspondingly, and be fixed on rectilinear grinder 1 as rated value In conducting region (Leitwarte), this adjustment has re-formed specified states.

In the running of rectilinear grinder 1, the angle [alpha] of power F is the weight of the efficiency of described method Want factor.

Other similarly suitable grinder types utilizing the method according to the invention to be adjusted are Gutbett Grinder (also referred to as " roll squeezer "), wherein, roller is identical in size or with identical circumferential speed That rotate, as rolling on the second roller of rolling element 3.Grinding-material be generally applied to from above this two In spandrel (Zwickel) between individual roller, and it is grated in this place, then drops downward in grinding basin.

List of numerals

1 rectilinear grinder

2 grinders

3 abrasive bodies

4 base plates

5 substrates

6 axis

7 rollers

8 axis

9 lapping machines

Claims (9)

1., for the method grinding grinding-material in grinder (2), described grinder has grinding Body (3) and at least one roller (7), described roller under the effect of grinding pressure on described abrasive body (3) Roll, wherein,

The most described grinding-material is added into as the lapping machine (9) between abrasive body (3) and roller (7) In grinding-material stream, and ground by roller (7) in lapping machine (9),

B. in process of lapping, measure grinding of lapping machine (9) between abrasive body (3) and roller (7) constantly Grinding machine height, and

C. according to regulation and control variable, grinder (2) is adjusted under prespecified specified states, wherein, adjusts Control variable at least includes grinding pressure and grinding-material stream, and specified states includes that at least one is for grinding The rated value of grinding machine height,

It is characterized in that,

D. in process of lapping, determine the machine performance of roller (7) constantly and thereby determine that lapping machine (9) Intensity, and

E. specified states includes at least one rated value for the intensity of lapping machine (9).

2. according to the method described in the claims, it is characterised in that the machine performance bag of roller (7) Include the power (F) and position (x1, x2) and/or roller (7) acting on roller (7) from lapping machine (9) around roller (7) The anglec of rotation of rotation axis

Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that determine at least in the footpath of roller (7) Power (F) on direction and position (x1) if desired.

4. according to a described method in Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that determine roller (7) Speed, acceleration, angular velocity and angular acceleration at least one.

Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the intensity of lapping machine (9) is at least wrapped The damping (cr, ct) of spotting-in grinding machine (9) and/or the rigidity (kr, kt) of lapping machine (9).

Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in order to calibrate, first basis Measured value determines proportionality constant by various dimensions non-linear regression method, in order to determined by the intensity of lapping machine (9) Regulation and control variable.

Method the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that determine constantly in process of lapping Proportionality constant.

Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that utilize grinding-material to add water to Between abrasive body (3) and roller (7), and regulate and control variable and include the amount of added water.

Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the grinding-material being ground is from substantially The air of upper perpendicular flow carries to sifter, and is classified on sifter, and regulates and controls variable bag Include the amount of moving air and the sifter rotating speed of sifter.