CN104581870A - Wireless sensor network based on energy acquisition and low-delay routing method thereof - Google Patents
Wireless sensor network based on energy acquisition and low-delay routing method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104581870A CN104581870A CN201410844170.8A CN201410844170A CN104581870A CN 104581870 A CN104581870 A CN 104581870A CN 201410844170 A CN201410844170 A CN 201410844170A CN 104581870 A CN104581870 A CN 104581870A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- node
- data
- wireless sensor
- energy
- sensor network
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
- H04W40/12—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on transmission quality or channel quality
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
- H04W40/246—Connectivity information discovery
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a wireless sensor network based on energy acquisition and a low-delay routing method thereof, and solves the problem of high data transmission delay caused by low duty ratio during the operation of sensing nodes and the randomness of operation time caused by the influence on energy supply by external environment in a wireless sensor network system serving as novel energy supply. The wireless sensor predicates an operating schedule through an energy management system, establishes a node neighbor table, selects a neighbor node activity instance nearest to a sending time, establishes a minimum data selection delay mechanism, reduces the network data transmission delay, and provides the network operation efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radio sensing network method for routing, be specifically related to the low delay method for routing of a kind of wireless sensor network based on energy acquisition.
Background technology
Wireless sensor network is the multi-hop wireless network formed by one group of sensor node self-organizing, do not need fixed network support, there is the advantages such as rapid deployment, survivability be strong, also there is the features such as self-organizing, multi-hop, dynamic topology and energy resource be limited simultaneously.It can people cannot be close severe or particular surroundings in work.Because microsensor node capacity is limited and with low cost, in wireless sensor network, usually dispose the microsensor node of substantial amounts and the unrestricted and base-station node that disposal ability is stronger (or claiming Sink node) of energy.The data of perceptive object in the geographic area of sensor node collaborative perception, the acquisition and processing network coverage, and send these data to base station by multihop routing, arrive management node finally by Internet or satellite.Sensor network is widely used in the fields such as national defense and military, national security, environmental monitoring and health care at present.Route technology, as a kind of important support technology in wireless sensor network, is directly connected to the running quality of network.
Sensor node adopts a large amount of dense deployment mode usually, and the cheap node that makes adopts comparatively simply cheap chip technology in communication capacity, information processing capability and energy supply system.Traditional wireless sensor network adopts portable battery as energy supply system usually, and the finiteness of battery storage capacity makes the energy content of battery be easy to exhaust, will abandoned after sensor node runs out of steam.In recent decades, battery technology never obtains breakthrough progress, the finiteness of the energy content of battery makes network life become affects the short slab of wireless sensor network application, and after the electric energy of running down of battery simultaneously, abandoned, in field, also causes certain pollution to natural environment usually.Along with the progress of technology, people have turned one's attention to natural clean energy resource, it is desirable to the natural resources in external environment condition to be converted into the operable electric energy of sensor node, and wherein, the utilization of solar energy is the most extensive.The time of human use's solar energy also will early than the time utilizing storage battery.
Along with the progress of technology, there are some energy conversion techniques at present, wireless sensing node is gathered or harvest energy from environment.Energy acquisition technology and application environment is closely related, and wherein, the most frequently used has solar battery technology, in addition, vibrates power taking in addition, the various energy conversion techniques etc. such as temperature difference power taking and dependence mechanical movement initiation.Current environmental energy collection technique can provide appropriate energy supply for wireless sensor network node, and the wireless sensor technology development of changing into of energy supply system provides new direction, the especially research of Routing Protocol.In traditional wireless sensor networks system, owing to using the battery of finite energy, Routing Protocol is mainly with energy-conservation and put forward high-octane utilance for target, the delay network lifetime to greatest extent.With in the wireless sensor network of energy acquisition or energy regeneration energy energy supply system, network lifetime is no longer a subject matter, if can the effective collecting energy of Appropriate application, sensing system can work the damage of node physical device always, and the time even can more than 10 years.Due to energy storage system, to be not easy to design excessive, so energy storage capability is limited, depleted of energy continues by node as early as possible can from the more energy of external suction, energy-conservationly reduces system works efficiency on the contrary.So what design under traditional wireless sensor networks is the wireless sensor network system that the Routing Protocol of target will no longer be applicable to premised on energy acquisition technology by energy-conservation.
The wireless sensor network of energy acquisition is as novel wireless sensor network technology research direction, and current research is in the starting stage.Based in the wireless sensor network of energy collecting system, although can solve when node energy finiteness problem, new problem will be faced in routing Design.First lay at random on a large scale for the ease of node, node is usually less to be easy to carry and to shed, and so the energy conversion system of node is usually less, as the solar cell board size on sensing node is usually less.Moreover the stocking system on node occupies most of space of node, usual also less, cause node electrical power storage ability also less.Add the restriction of present energy switch technology, the electricity relying on the energy acquisition technology of node to provide can not ensure the work of node keeps, and the node most of the time is all in charged state, and also namely node work must maintain a lower duty ratio.The energy collecting system of node has stronger environmental factor dependence, when external environment condition changes, the energy collected will change, and different nodes is in different environment also can collect different energy, so the operating time of node has very strong randomness.Node makes under the wireless sensor network system of energy acquisition with the randomness of operating time under being operated in lower duty ratio, data delay than ever traditional wireless sensor networks wants serious and complicated many, and at some time, data transfer delay becomes and is difficult to stand.
In the wireless sensor network of energy acquisition, realize data transfer delay to minimize, two problems must be faced, first be the uncertainty of the operating time that node brings due to the dependence extremely strong to environment, the uncertainty of operating time causes node cannot grasp the operating time of neighbor node, due to the finiteness of energy acquisition, node constantly can not detect the operating state of other nodes as legacy network lower node, causes node can not pass data toward next-hop node in time.Another problem is under node work must maintain a lower duty ratio, is also the node most of the time to be all in charged state, and can not forward data in time.If this two problems effectively can not solve or unfavorable factor can not be dropped to minimum, data delay, can extreme influence promoting the use of as the wireless sensor network system based on novel energy by uncontrollable.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the data transmission efficiency problem for the wireless sensor network system with energy acquisition technology, a kind of low delay method for routing of wireless sensor network of energy acquisition is proposed, to solve due to the larger data transfer delay problem that node is operated under lower duty ratio and the randomness of operating time is brought, improve network operation efficiency, guarantee that data arrive destination node in time.
The present invention is for solving the problems of the technologies described above by the following technical solutions:
A kind of wireless sensor network, described wireless sensor network comprises base-station node and is randomly dispersed in the some ordinary nodes in monitored area, it is characterized in that: each ordinary node includes chargeable system and energy reserve system, wherein chargeable system is used for outside natural energy resources to be converted into electrical energy for storage in energy reserve system, when the electric energy of energy reserve system is not enough, start the chargeable system of this node also till electric energy is full of;
The whole operating time of described ordinary node is divided into several work periods, state residing in the work period is made up of multiple operating state and idle condition, described multiple operating state is: charged state, receives data packets state, Packet Generation state, intercept state, wherein charged state can work with other states in parallel, can not concurrent working between other state.
Further, a kind of wireless sensor network of the present invention, described ordinary node all has identical communication capacity, information processing capability, and identical transmission radius and unique identification.
Further, a kind of wireless sensor network of the present invention, the quantity of the chargeable system that each ordinary node comprises and energy reserve system is one or more.
Further, a kind of wireless sensor network of the present invention, described ordinary node is before adding wireless sensor network, and energy reserve system does not carry electricity, is joining after in wireless sensor network system, first charges voluntarily.
The present invention also proposes a kind of low delay method for routing based on above-mentioned wireless sensor network, comprises the following steps:
A, each ordinary node produce respective operating schedule according to its charge efficiency, are specially: set the timetable of each work period t of ordinary node as
wherein
for the kth operation time that node i is corresponding with a certain operating state within this cycle, k=1,2 ..., n, n are in the work period and the corresponding time hop count divided of each operating state of node i;
The operating schedule of oneself is broadcast to its neighbor node by B, each ordinary node in self communication radius, until all nodes all have the operating schedule of its neighbor node;
C, each ordinary node calculate according to the operating schedule of the operating schedule of oneself and its neighbor node
data transfer delay when moment sends from packet to all neighbor nodes, the computing formula of described data transfer delay is:
In formula (1),
for node i+1 exists with node i within its work period
operation time corresponding to moment;
D, each ordinary node obtain it according to step C under each operating state, send the data transfer delay of packet to neighbor node; And next-hop node selected when obtaining sending packet under each operating state according to following condition: selected next-hop node is relative to self closer to base-station node, and data transfer delay is minimum;
The data transfer delay of next-hop node selected when sending packet under each operating state is informed the next-hop node of this selection by E, each ordinary node, and the minimum data that the packet sent under going out each operating state according to following formulae discovery finally arrives base station s postpones, i.e. end-to-end delay:
F, set up two-dimentional neighbor table for each node, this neighbor table preserves all information of neighbor nodes in this node communication radius, and data delay this node sends packet arrival neighbor node during when being in each operating state and end-to-end delay;
When G, ordinary node at a time will carry out data Route Selection, select to meet the minimum route of transfer of data end-to-end delay, until data are forwarded to base-station node from neighbor table according to the operating state in this moment.
Further, low delay method for routing of the present invention, in data transmission procedure, if the interim change of the operating state of a certain ordinary node, then this node is according to step C-D, from neighbor node, select the node with nearest operating state to carry out transfer of data as next-hop node, until data are forwarded to base-station node.
The present invention is the uncertainty solving working time of node, adopt node energy system testing method, ensure that node is put can wake up in certain some regular time, although the duty ratio of system can be reduce further, can guarantee that node effectively grasps the operating schedule of neighbours.In the sensing node course of work, according to the change of external environment condition, prediction node energy collecting efficiency, along with the delay of time, the accuracy of prediction can improve, and the operating schedule of node can be more stable.When external environment condition occurs slightly to change, the energy acquisition efficiency of node there will be increases and reduces by two kinds of possibilities, if when energy acquisition efficiency increases, be in theory can operationally between table in increase active instance, but in order to maintain a metastable operating schedule, the active instance in operating schedule can not be changed; When energy acquisition efficiency reduces, node to take in sail example in table between having to operationally, and active instance must inform neighbor node after reducing.Low and cause data transfer delay problem for solving working time of node duty ratio, adopt latest activities example data transmission method, although node operative duty cycles is lower, but can around node in a large amount of neighbor node for present data transmission time point selects a nearest active instance, ensure that data are forwarded away within the fastest time, thus reduce data transfer delay.
As the low delay method for routing of a kind of wireless sensor network based on energy acquisition, the present invention adopts above technical scheme compared with prior art, has following technique effect:
(1) the present invention is the characteristic of the wireless sensor network that analysing energy comparatively early gathers, and itself and tradition are using portable battery as the otherness of the wireless sensor network of energy supply, the subject matter that the wireless sensor network of analysing energy collection faces in route.
(2) in the wireless sensor and actor networks of energy acquisition, the operating time stochastic problems that node work brings by external environment influence, the present invention manages the energy collected by EMS, by the monitoring of the certain hour section to energy acquisition process, node can predict the energy acquisition efficiency of every day to a certain extent.Produce respective operating schedule at node according to general charge efficiency, in the time subsequently, can correct operating schedule, until operating schedule is more stable.The metastable operating schedule of node is conducive to the control of other node to data forwarding time.
(3) in the low retardance problem brought of solution node duty ratio, the present invention selects best neighbor node and best neighbor node active instance, to guarantee that the data collected are forwarded in time by the active instance forwarding the moment for node.
(4) the low delay Routing Protocol of the wireless sensor network of energy acquisition of the present invention comprises the initialization of working time of node table, next-hop node system of selection, several part such as Route establishment process and route maintenance.Described method sets up neighbours' operating schedule by node, selects nearest active instance to carry out data transmission, sets up the minimum delay and selects mechanism.Based on the present invention, effectively reduce network data transmission delay, improve network operation efficiency, guarantee that data arrive destination node in time.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 data that to be source node produce three different moment are forwarded to base-station node with lower transmission delay through multihop routing.
Fig. 2 is the wireless sensor network architectural schematic of energy acquisition.
Fig. 3 is the wireless sense network network low delay Routing Protocol flow chart of energy acquisition.
Embodiment
For making above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can become apparent more, and below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are understandable that, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (comprising technical term and scientific terminology) have the meaning identical with the general understanding of the those of ordinary skill in field belonging to the present invention.Should also be understood that those terms defined in such as general dictionary should be understood to have the meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of prior art, unless and define as here, can not explain by idealized or too formal implication.
For technical scheme of the present invention can be explained easily, be distributed as example with the wireless sensor network node of the energy acquisition shown in Fig. 1 below.It should be noted that, the wireless sensor network of the energy acquisition shown in Fig. 1 is not the restriction of the wireless sensor network to the present invention's energy acquisition used.
The present invention establishes a kind of low delay method for routing of wireless sensor network of energy acquisition, and its basic system composition comprises:
Ordinary node: can the wireless sensor network node of the environmental information such as humiture and illuminance of its surrounding space of perception, node equipment has one or more energy conversion device and an energy storage devices, does not include portability battery.Ordinary node has data acquisition, data processing and data forwarding capability, can customizing messages around sensing node in radii fixus the data that perception is produced or the data that receive other nodes carry out simple process after be sent to any node that its communication capacity can reach.
Source node: bear monitoring task and there is sensing capability and the ordinary node of perception generation data; Via node: the ordinary node bearing data retransmission task.Via node has a blocks of data reception buffer zone, for the temporary data received, via node can merge the data received and the simple process such as de-redundancy as required, wait for after being disposed that down hop node forwards, after forwarding completes, the partial buffer district that data take is released.In the present invention, in define grid, any ordinary node can become source node and via node.
Base-station node (Sink node): base-station node, relative to ordinary node, has stronger data processing and its communication ability.Base-station node energy is usually unrestricted, and can adopting alternating current or adopt large-capacity battery, is the maincenter of whole network system.Institute's active node collects data through the forwarding of via node and finally arrives base-station node, and base-station node is responsible for all Data Fusion, and is sent to remote terminal, arrives management node eventually through Internet or satellite.In a wireless sensor network system, at least lay a base-station node.
Suppose in the wireless sensor network of energy acquisition, to comprise multiple node and a base-station node with energy acquisition technology.As a kind of implementation method of the present invention, in FIG energy acquisition wireless sensor network in, source node and base-station node distribution be positioned at sensor node cover the edge of monitored area.The wireless sensor network system of energy acquisition involved in the present invention, source node and base-station node can be in sensor node cover any position in monitored area, wherein base-station node even can be positioned at sensor node and covers outside monitored area, as long as can ensure that at least one sensor node in base-station node and monitored area carries out proper communication, also namely base-station node is at least positioned within the communication radius of a sensor node.Node density in monitored area must ensure the connectedness between node, ensure at least there is a path between source node to base-station node, exist in the situation of or multi-hop link, adopt Routing Protocol method provided by the invention can ensure to realize a lower network delay route in the wireless sensor network of energy acquisition.
In whole network system, except base-station node, other node is ordinary node, and their energy supply system is all that the energy is reproducible, and energy can be supplemented by external conversion system, and this supplementing is that finite sum is discontinuous.Base-station node uses alternating current, and energy is unrestricted.Each ordinary node is at least equipped with a chargeable system and energy reserve system, and outside natural energy resources is converted into electrical energy for storage in stocking system by chargeable system.Due to the limitation of conversion system technology, the conversion energy can not maintain supply ordinary node continuous firing, and ordinary node can only work under a lower duty ratio, is also node and is all in idle condition in the most of the time.
Each node has five states, is respectively: charged state, receives data packets state, Packet Generation state, intercept state and idle condition.Wherein charged state can with other four kinds of states in parallel work, cannot concurrent working between other four kinds of states, the work such as receives data packets and transmission can be completed under being also charged state, and receives data packets and transmission can not occur simultaneously.When the energy reserve system power of ordinary node is discontented with, node starts charging system also till electric energy is full of.
Each ordinary node is equal on physical device, and function is consistent, and owing to being subject to the impact of physical environment on the spot, node charge efficiency is different, and node is joining after in network system, first charges voluntarily, arranges duty ratio and timetable according to charge efficiency.The whole operating time of ordinary node is divided into multiple work period t, and each work duration includes five states, and wherein receives data packets state, Packet Generation state, the state of intercepting are operating state.A work period t is made up of multiple operating state τ and idle condition, and form is
wherein
for an operating state in some work periods of node i or be called an active instance.
Each ordinary node has identical transmission radius, and node produces respective timetable according to charge efficiency, timetable is broadcast to neighbor node simultaneously, until all nodes all have the operating schedule of neighbor node.The operating schedule of each node is relatively fixing, does not usually carry out state adjustment, is conducive to time scheduling and works synchronous.
Each node is according to the operating schedule calculated data transmission delay of the operating schedule of oneself and neighbor node, and data delay computing formula is such as formula shown in (1):
In formula (1),
for an active instance of node i+1,
for an active instance of node i, k ∈ (1,2 ..., n).Node i exists
when time needs to send packet to next node, node i calculates the data delay of neighbor node, and one of them neighbor node i+1 has multiple active instance, and the minimum time that node i calculates neighbor node i+1 postpones
node i calculates the minimum data delay of other each neighbor node simultaneously
in the data delay that these are minimum, select a node to have minimum data and postpone
as down hop neighbor node.
Each node can for each active instance calculate neighbor node minimum data postpone, exist from node i
to neighbor node forwarding data bag, and the minimum data Delay computing formula of final arrival base station s is such as formula shown in (2):
Each node is set up neighbor table, and neighbor table is bivariate table, and neighbor table is preserved each active instance in all information of neighbor nodes in node communication radius and node and arrived the data delay of any one active instance of neighbor node.
In the wireless sensor network of energy acquisition of the present invention, packet can by correct acceptance and forwarding.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, the specific implementation method of the low delay method for routing of the wireless sensor network of energy acquisition of the present invention is:
(1) in the monitoring of environmental shown in Fig. 1, multiple common sensing node that there is same communication ability, information processing capability and be equipped with one or more energy conversion device and energy accumulating device is shed at random.Sensing node grasps the geographical position of oneself by navigation system, and each ordinary node has unique identification in identical transmission radius and monitoring system, and node passes through be equipped with EMS can grasp self-energy situation at any time.Node, before entering monitoring of environmental, does not carry electricity in energy accumulating device, after entering monitoring of environmental, enter charged state.Sensing node is shed at random in monitoring of environmental, and the energy conversion device of each node is due to the impact by place environment, and its energy acquisition efficiency is different.Base-station node is the aggregation node in monitored area, be responsible for gathering of data, the data that all sensing nodes collect finally are forwarded to base-station node, base-station node can by shedding or surface deployment at random, base-station node has stronger communication capacity and data-handling capacity, base-station node can carry high-power energy storage facilities or directly use alternating current, energy is unrestricted, base station is joining after in website, to the coordinate position of the node broadcasts in monitored area oneself, because the energy of base-station node is unrestricted, can with higher communication radius directly to all sensing node broadcast singals in monitored area, with all sensing node direct communications, other sensing node is not needed to forward.Base-station node wants instruction according to exterior terminal, can assign instruction task, require that the sensing node in preferred coordinates carries out data acquisition or environment sensing to any sensing node in monitored area.After all sensing nodes in base station communication radius receive the signal of base station, check self coordinate whether in the coordinate range that base station is specified, if in the coordinate range that base station is specified, this node is as source node, bear data acquisition session, if self coordinate is not in the coordinate range that base station is specified, this node, as via node, is born data retransmission task or is in idle condition.
(2) node manages the energy collected by EMS, and by the monitoring of the certain hour section to energy acquisition process, node can predict the energy acquisition efficiency of every day to a certain extent.Produce respective operating schedule at node according to general energy acquisition efficiency, in the time subsequently, constantly operating schedule is corrected, until operating schedule is more stable.
(3) system is that to set time span t, a t can be one minute, one hour or one day etc. to operating schedule.Each node sets operation time in this time span t, if t is one hour, when in running order node can be set in this one hour according to charge efficiency, and its form is
t
irepresent the operating schedule of i-th node,
represent that node i is in running order in this moment, can data acquisition, reception or transmission be carried out.In figure 3, the operating schedule of 10 sensing node generations is respectively: t
a=(1,3,6), t
b=(2,3,6), t
c=(3,4,6), t
d=(1,5,6), t
e=(Isosorbide-5-Nitrae, 6), t
f=(1,2,3), t
g=(1,2,5), t
h=(2,3,6), t
i=(1,2,4), t
j=(3,4,6).
(4) each sensing node broadcasts the operating schedule of oneself in self communication radius, until all nodes all grasp the operating schedule of its neighbor node.Each node has a neighbor table, records the relevant information of neighbor node in neighbor table, comprises coordinate position and the operating schedule of neighbor node.Neighbor table is a bivariate table, and neighbours' tableau format is: (neighbor node ID, neighbor node coordinate, neighbor node operating schedule).
(5) working time of node table keeps stable as far as possible, but sensing node is external environment condition dependence, when external environment condition changes or node causes the operating schedule of node to change due to reasons such as faults itselfs, new operating schedule must be informed neighbor node by node, go to step (4), otherwise perform step (5).
(6) source node is in the moment
the sensor selection problem being ready for sending packet accepts the next-hop node of its packet, and selected next-hop node meets the following conditions A and condition B,
Described condition A is: selected next-hop node relative to the described data packet node that is ready for sending closer to base-station node.Node grasps the coordinate information having self, by checking its neighbor table, extracts the coordinate position of neighbor node from neighbor table.Also namely meet: d
j,s< d
i,s,
wherein, (i
x, i
y) be the coordinate of node i, (j
x, j
y) be the coordinate of node j, (s
x, s
y) be the coordinate of base station s.Constantly close to base station when can ensure that data are forwarded like this.
Described condition B is the data that are ready for sending data packet node described in selected next-hop node can receive the soonest, node is by checking its neighbor table, from neighbor table, extract the operating schedule of neighbor node, operating schedule includes the active instance of this neighbor node.Also an active instance is contained in the operating schedule that namely this next-hop node comprises
this active instance meets
First selected node satisfies condition A, then finds the next-hop node of the B that satisfies condition at the neighbor node in A that satisfies condition.Each node selects the route of down hop, until all active instance of all nodes all set up data transmission link according to all active instance that down hop system of selection is self.After data link setup completes, its active instance of each node calculate is to the data transfer delay of next-hop node, next-hop node is informed in delay simultaneously, all active instance of final each node grasp the data delay summation of each active instance to base station of this node, also be end-to-end delay, this end-to-end delay is saved in neighbor table.In figure 3, node a is in the moment
have packets need to be sent to next-hop node, through calculating, having 3 eligible A of neighbor node, is b, c, d respectively, and the distance of they and base-station node is all less than the distance of source node a and base-station node.Continue to calculate the eligible B of they which nodes, obtain the active instance of sensing node b
eligible B, sensing node b are selected as sensing node a in the moment
next-hop node, the wherein active instance of sensing node b
just accept the data from upper hop node.
When node at a time will carry out data Route Selection, from neighbor table, select to meet according to the active instance in this moment the route that transfer of data end-to-end delay requires, if the link met the demands in link has many, a minimum link is selected to carry out transfer of data.After link is determined, data forward along by the link selected, until be forwarded to base-station node.In figure 3, through performing step (6) to the node in link, on the link of responsible data retransmission, all nodes are completed the selection of next-hop node.Sensing node a is in the moment
have packets need to be sent to next-hop node, final selection one postpones lower link and carries out data retransmission, and link is: PATH
(a, 1)={ a, b, f, i, s}.
In data transmission procedure, if the interim change of the active instance of a certain node, node restarts next-hop node system of selection, selects the node with latest activities example to carry out transfer of data as next-hop node, until data are forwarded to base-station node from neighbor node.
Source node produces data, and data are finally forwarded to base-station node through via node, if source node constantly produces data, data link will be maintained always, until the data that source node produces all are forwarded to base-station node.
After the data that source node produces have been forwarded, the link set up from source node to base-station node is released, and the active instance of node reenters link selection state, and neighbor node can be allowed to carry out link selection.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are understandable that, the step in the various operations discussed in the present invention, method, flow process, measure, scheme can be replaced, change, combine or delete.Further, there is various operations, method, other steps in flow process, measure, the scheme discussed in the present invention also can be replaced, change, reset, decompose, combine or delete.Further, of the prior art have also can be replaced with the step in operation various disclosed in the present invention, method, flow process, measure, scheme, changed, reset, decomposed, combined or deleted.
The above is only some embodiments of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a wireless sensor network, described wireless sensor network comprises base-station node and is randomly dispersed in the some ordinary nodes in monitored area, it is characterized in that: each ordinary node includes chargeable system and energy reserve system, wherein chargeable system is used for outside natural energy resources to be converted into electrical energy for storage in energy reserve system, when the electric energy of energy reserve system is not enough, start the chargeable system of this node also till electric energy is full of;
The whole operating time of described ordinary node is divided into several work periods, state residing in the work period is made up of multiple operating state and idle condition, described multiple operating state is: charged state, receives data packets state, Packet Generation state, intercept state, wherein charged state can work with other states in parallel, can not concurrent working between other state.
2. a kind of wireless sensor network according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described ordinary node all has identical communication capacity, information processing capability, and identical transmission radius and unique identification.
3. a kind of wireless sensor network according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the quantity of the chargeable system that each ordinary node comprises and energy reserve system is one or more.
4. a kind of wireless sensor network according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described ordinary node is before adding wireless sensor network, and energy reserve system does not carry electricity, is joining after in wireless sensor network system, first charges voluntarily.
5., based on a low delay method for routing for the arbitrary described wireless sensor network of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
A, each ordinary node produce respective operating schedule according to its charge efficiency, are specially: set the timetable of each work period t of ordinary node as
wherein
for the kth operation time that node i is corresponding with a certain operating state within this cycle, k=1,2 ..., n, n are in the work period and the corresponding time hop count divided of each operating state of node i;
The operating schedule of oneself is broadcast to its neighbor node by B, each ordinary node in self communication radius, until all nodes all have the operating schedule of its neighbor node;
C, each ordinary node calculate according to the operating schedule of the operating schedule of oneself and its neighbor node
data transfer delay when moment sends from packet to all neighbor nodes, the computing formula of described data transfer delay is:
In formula (1),
for node i+1 exists with node i within its work period
operation time corresponding to moment;
D, each ordinary node obtain it according to step C under each operating state, send the data transfer delay of packet to neighbor node; And next-hop node selected when obtaining sending packet under each operating state according to following condition: selected next-hop node is relative to self closer to base-station node, and data transfer delay is minimum;
The data transfer delay of next-hop node selected when sending packet under each operating state is informed the next-hop node of this selection by E, each ordinary node, and the minimum data that the packet sent under going out each operating state according to following formulae discovery finally arrives base station s postpones, i.e. end-to-end delay:
F, set up two-dimentional neighbor table for each node, this neighbor table preserves all information of neighbor nodes in this node communication radius, and data delay this node sends packet arrival neighbor node during when being in each operating state and end-to-end delay;
When G, ordinary node at a time will carry out data Route Selection, select to meet the minimum route of transfer of data end-to-end delay, until data are forwarded to base-station node from neighbor table according to the operating state in this moment.
6. low delay method for routing according to claim 5, is characterized in that:
In data transmission procedure, if the interim change of the operating state of a certain ordinary node, then this node is according to step C-D, selects the node with nearest operating state to carry out transfer of data as next-hop node, until data are forwarded to base-station node from neighbor node.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410844170.8A CN104581870A (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2014-12-30 | Wireless sensor network based on energy acquisition and low-delay routing method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410844170.8A CN104581870A (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2014-12-30 | Wireless sensor network based on energy acquisition and low-delay routing method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104581870A true CN104581870A (en) | 2015-04-29 |
Family
ID=53096833
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410844170.8A Pending CN104581870A (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2014-12-30 | Wireless sensor network based on energy acquisition and low-delay routing method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104581870A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105704731A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-06-22 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Omnibearing charging base station deployment method of wireless rechargeable sensing network |
| CN105722091A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-06-29 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Directional charging base station deployment method of wireless rechargeable sensor network |
| CN107426826A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-12-01 | 成都瑞沣信息科技有限公司 | The MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks design method collected based on RF energy |
| CN108551672A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-09-18 | 河海大学常州校区 | Source node location method for secret protection based on two stage selection strategy in WSNs |
| CN112332941A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-02-05 | 北京东方通软件有限公司 | Time error correction method based on distributed system |
| CN114666880A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-06-24 | 中南大学 | Method for reducing end-to-end delay in delay-sensitive wireless sensor network |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101557637A (en) * | 2009-05-20 | 2009-10-14 | 河南科技大学 | Method for realizing cross-layer wireless sensor network medium access control protocol |
| CN101984712A (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2011-03-09 | 宁波城市职业技术学院 | Real-time communication routing method for wireless sensor network |
| CN102055212A (en) * | 2009-10-27 | 2011-05-11 | 西安迅腾科技有限责任公司 | Power supply for solar power supply wireless sensor network node and power supply method |
| CN103561406A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2014-02-05 | 南京林业大学 | Wireless sensing routing algorithm with cluster cellular segmentation based on energy balance |
-
2014
- 2014-12-30 CN CN201410844170.8A patent/CN104581870A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101557637A (en) * | 2009-05-20 | 2009-10-14 | 河南科技大学 | Method for realizing cross-layer wireless sensor network medium access control protocol |
| CN102055212A (en) * | 2009-10-27 | 2011-05-11 | 西安迅腾科技有限责任公司 | Power supply for solar power supply wireless sensor network node and power supply method |
| CN101984712A (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2011-03-09 | 宁波城市职业技术学院 | Real-time communication routing method for wireless sensor network |
| CN103561406A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2014-02-05 | 南京林业大学 | Wireless sensing routing algorithm with cluster cellular segmentation based on energy balance |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 薛明，高德民: "无线传感器网络最大生命期与最大流路由算法", 《计算机工程与应用》 * |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105704731A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-06-22 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Omnibearing charging base station deployment method of wireless rechargeable sensing network |
| CN105722091A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-06-29 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Directional charging base station deployment method of wireless rechargeable sensor network |
| CN105722091B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2018-11-13 | 杭州电子科技大学 | The orientation charging base station deployment method of wireless chargeable sensing network |
| CN105704731B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2018-11-30 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Omnidirectional's charging base station deployment method of wireless chargeable sensing network |
| CN107426826A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-12-01 | 成都瑞沣信息科技有限公司 | The MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks design method collected based on RF energy |
| CN108551672A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-09-18 | 河海大学常州校区 | Source node location method for secret protection based on two stage selection strategy in WSNs |
| CN108551672B (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2021-05-28 | 河海大学常州校区 | Source node position privacy protection method based on two-stage selection strategy in WSNs |
| CN112332941A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-02-05 | 北京东方通软件有限公司 | Time error correction method based on distributed system |
| CN114666880A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-06-24 | 中南大学 | Method for reducing end-to-end delay in delay-sensitive wireless sensor network |
| CN114666880B (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2024-04-26 | 中南大学 | Method for reducing end-to-end delay in delay-sensitive wireless sensor network |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Adu-Manu et al. | Energy-harvesting wireless sensor networks (EH-WSNs) A review | |
| Tang et al. | A chain-cluster based routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks | |
| CN104581870A (en) | Wireless sensor network based on energy acquisition and low-delay routing method thereof | |
| CN101895956B (en) | Data transmission method of multilayer distributed wireless sensor network | |
| Benedetti et al. | GreenCastalia: An energy-harvesting-enabled framework for the Castalia simulator | |
| CN103619049B (en) | Energy-saving routing method for wireless sensor network | |
| CN104038965A (en) | Opportunistic routing method capable of efficiently utilizing energy, for mobile wireless sensor network | |
| Gong et al. | Energy harvesting aware routing protocol for wireless sensor networks | |
| Kumar et al. | Energy efficient clustering and cluster head rotation scheme for wireless sensor networks | |
| Tang et al. | A novel data retrieving mechanism in wireless sensor networks with path-limited mobile sink | |
| Chen et al. | A survey on energy management in the wireless sensor networks | |
| Wu et al. | Energy-saving measurement in LoRaWAN-based wireless sensor networks by using compressed sensing | |
| KR101948447B1 (en) | Efficient Mobile Sink Location Management Device Using Multi-Ring in Solar-Powered Wireless Sensor Networks, Management Method and Recording Medium thereof | |
| CN101572662A (en) | Energy-saving packet forwarding method based on position information in wireless sensor network | |
| Azevedo et al. | Sleeping ZigBee networks at the application layer | |
| Yakine et al. | Energy Harvesting in wireless communication: A survey | |
| Onishi et al. | Lifetime extension of wireless sensor networks with energy harvesting | |
| Li et al. | Mobility assisted data gathering with solar irradiance awareness in heterogeneous energy replenishable wireless sensor networks | |
| CN103002536A (en) | Energy efficient wireless multi-hop network routing mechanism based on random walks | |
| Gotefode et al. | Energy efficiency in wireless sensor network using fuzzy rule and tree based routing protocol | |
| Rahman et al. | An energy efficient gravitational model for tree based routing in wireless sensor networks | |
| Zhu et al. | Green Ad Hoc and sensor networks | |
| Zhang et al. | A tier-based duty-cycling scheme for forest monitoring | |
| Inoue et al. | A method to prolong the lifetime of sensor networks by adding new sensor nodes to energy-consumed areas | |
| Jain et al. | A survey on energy optimization in wireless sensor network |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20150429 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |