CN104579280A - Superconductive switch for conducting cooling superconductive magnet - Google Patents
Superconductive switch for conducting cooling superconductive magnet Download PDFInfo
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- CN104579280A CN104579280A CN201410655318.3A CN201410655318A CN104579280A CN 104579280 A CN104579280 A CN 104579280A CN 201410655318 A CN201410655318 A CN 201410655318A CN 104579280 A CN104579280 A CN 104579280A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a superconductive switch for conducting a cooling superconductive magnet. The superconductive switch consists of a switch framework (1), noninductive superconductive coils (2), heating rods (3), a thermometer (4) and a cool conduction rod (5), wherein the noninductive superconductive coils (2) are uniformly wound on the switch framework (1) in a double-winding manner; the heating rods (3) are electrified to generate heat and stop heating after being powered off, so that switching between a superconductive state and a normal state of the noninductive superconductive coils (2) is achieved; the thermometer (4) is positioned inside a thermometer mounting hole (7) in the switch framework (1) in the direction of a central axis, and is used for measuring the temperature of the noninductive superconductive coils (2); one end of the cool conduction rod (5) is connected with the switch framework (1); the other end of the cool conduction rod (5) is connected with a superconductive magnet framework. A plurality of heating rod mounting holes (6) are uniformly distributed in the switch framework (1) in the direction of the central axis, the heating rods (3) are mounted inside the heating rod mounting holes, two or more heating rods (3) can be symmetrically mounted according to demands, therefore, the switch framework (1) is uniformly heated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of superconducting switch, particularly a kind of thermal control superconducting switch for conduction cooling superconducting magnet.
Background technology
Along with the development of cryogenic technique, superconducting magnet technology obtains applying more and more widely in high-energy physics, biomedicine, the structure of matter and the field such as medical diagnosis and scientific research.At present, the cooling of superconducting magnet system mainly contains liquid helium immersion cooling and refrigeration machine Conduction cooled two kinds of modes.The superconducting magnet system that liquid helium soaks cooling is most widely used, but this mode is subject to the serious restriction of the objective factor such as the limited production of international helium resource and limit fortune, China just once once occurring without liquid helium can situation, and liquid helium cooling system needs transport and the transfusion operation of specialty, add complexity and the operating cost of system application.Adopt Cryo Refrigerator to replace liquid helium as low-temperature receiver, by Conduction cooled mode, superconducting coil temperature is down to below operating temperature, without the need to liquid helium transport and transfusion operation, meanwhile, because system only needs consuming electric power, significantly reduce operating cost.Based on above advantage, conduction cooling superconducting magnet technology is developed rapidly closely about ten years, or has replaced liquid helium soak cooling magnet in a lot of field.
To soak magnet the same with traditional liquid helium, and the operation of refrigeration machine conduction cooling superconducting magnet also has two kinds of fundamental modes, i.e. Power supply pattern and operation with closed ring pattern.In Power supply pattern, the power supply of superconducting magnet is voltage stabilizing or the stabilized current power supply of low-voltage, high-current, for ensureing that superconducting magnet stably works, the ripple of General Requirements power supply is than little, can slowly and equably regulate, especially do not have significantly shake, and it is shorter that this pattern is applicable to running time, less demanding to magnetic field stability, excitation and demagnetization operate operating mode more frequently.Operation with closed ring pattern (being also continuous current operational mode) is a superconducting switch in parallel at the two ends of superconducting magnet, after magnet excitation terminates, closed loop is formed by superconducting switch and superconducting magnet winding, magnet is run under lossless or that field decay is very slow state, thus depart from external power source, it is longer that this pattern is applicable to running time, requires higher to magnetic field stability, and excitation and demagnetization operate less operating mode.Compared with Power supply pattern, the superconducting magnet of operation with closed ring pattern has lot of advantages, such as, can obtain the magnetic field of superregulated degree; Depart from continuous current run duration and external power source, saved electric energy, reduced operating cost; The impact of outside noise on superconducting magnet system can also be reduced, improve magnet reliability of operation etc.
Superconducting switch is the vitals that conduction cooling superconducting magnet realizes operation with closed ring, has disconnection and conducting two kinds of operating states, corresponds respectively to superconducting switch and be changed to positive normality by superconducting state and change superconducting state into by normal state.The state-transition of usual superconducting switch can be realized by the temperature or magnetic field changing superconductor, is called thermally controlled and magnet controlled superconducting switch.Wherein, thermal control superconducting switch due to structure relatively simple, most widely used general.
Be different from traditional liquid helium and soak superconducting magnet, conduction cooling superconducting magnet and superconducting switch are all rely on Cryo Refrigerator to be cooled to below critical temperature.On the one hand, disconnect at superconducting switch, namely when superconducting switch is changed to positive normality by superconducting state, the heat that superconducting switch produces will be strict controlled in the scope of permission, the a certain rational interval of its temperature more than critical temperature, guarantee leakage heat from superconducting switch to superconducting magnet in allowed limits, do not cause the quench of superconducting magnet; On the other hand, in superconducting switch conducting, when namely superconducting switch changes superconducting state into by normal state, the hot link between superconducting magnet and superconducting switch will be got well, to guarantee that superconducting switch can cool below all critical temperatures and realize superconducting state.A kind of superconducting switch body with temperature scaling factor disclosed in Chinese patent CN101714864B, be wound on superconducting switch skeleton by superconducting coil and heater winding interlayer, this structure operates more complicated when coiling, secondary skeleton be had to keep in treat around superconducting line and heater strip; In addition, between every layer of superconducting line and heater strip, good heat transfer to be had, higher to the filling required precision of epoxy when coiling.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the shortcoming for conduction cooling superconducting magnet superconducting switch coiling complexity, propose a kind of new superconducting switch.
Superconducting switch for conduction cooling superconducting magnet of the present invention comprises switch skeleton, noninductive superconducting coil, heating rod, thermometer and cool guiding rod, its breaker in middle skeleton is by the higher metal material of thermal conductivity, and the two ends of making as red copper, aluminium alloy etc. are with the hollow cylinder of flange.Noninductive superconducting coil is wound on switch skeleton in double wrap mode, and the sense of current of adjacent two circle superconducting lines is contrary.The number of plies of noninductive superconducting coil can be one deck can be also multilayer, determines according to concrete designing requirement.The centrally uniform multiple heating rod installing hole of direction of principal axis on switch skeleton, two or many heating rods embed in this installing hole.Heat is produced after heating rod energising, be used for heater switch skeleton, then give noninductive superconducting coil by the switch skeleton that heat conduction is good by heat conduction, make noninductive superconducting coil temperature rise to more than critical temperature, namely noninductive superconducting coil is changed to positive normality by superconducting state.After heating rod stops energising, noninductive superconducting coil slowly cools, and temperature drops to below critical temperature gradually, and now noninductive superconducting coil changes superconducting state into by normal state.Symmetrical as required two or many heating rods can be installed, switch skeleton is heated evenly.On switch skeleton, centrally direction of principal axis has a thermometer installing hole, is used for installing thermometer, measures the temperature of noninductive superconducting coil, is used for judging that superconducting switch is in superconducting state or normal state.The superconducting switch that coiling completes is connected with the skeleton of superconducting magnet by cool guiding rod.The effect of cool guiding rod has two aspects, on the one hand, noninductive superconducting coil temperature is made to rise to more than critical temperature when heating rod energising produces heat, when superconducting switch is changed to positive normality by superconducting state, cool guiding rod should be the non-conductor of heat, to guarantee that the heat of superconducting switch temperature rising generation is not easily conducted to superconducting magnet and causes quench; On the other hand, when disconnection heating rod, when superconducting switch changes superconducting state into by normal state, cool guiding rod should be the good conductor of heat, guarantees that superconducting switch is cooled to superconducting state temperature as early as possible.
The cool guiding rod installing hole of described switch skeleton is arranged in the centre bore of switch skeleton, for helicitic texture, with the screw thread tight fit on cool guiding rod, cool guiding rod fits tightly near the raised head face of screw thread and the lower surface of switch skeleton, guarantees the good thermo-contact between switch skeleton and cool guiding rod.Realize the good thermo-contact between switch skeleton and cool guiding rod.
Described noninductive superconducting coil inductance is almost nil, gap between wire and wire and between wire and switch skeleton is all with the epoxy resin filling being doped with high heat conduction aluminum nitride powder, make the heat transfer between switch skeleton and noninductive superconducting coil even, strengthen wire simultaneously and make it not be moved.First by the polytetrafluoroethylene film of outer surface even application a layer thickness about 1 μm of switch skeleton before coiling is noninductive superconducting coil, guarantee that the superincumbent noninductive superconducting coil insulation against ground of coiling is good.
The heating rod of described superconducting switch is made up of body and lead-in wire; In heating rod installing hole on the body flush switch skeleton of cylindricality, the gap in installing hole uses the epoxy resin filling being doped with high heat conduction aluminum nitride powder; One end of lead-in wire is connected with body, and the other end is connected with external power source.Heating rod is uniformly distributed along switch skeleton circumference.
The heating rod of described superconducting switch instead of traditional heater winding, without the need to and noninductive superconducting coil interval coiling, in heating rod installing hole on the heating rod flush switch skeleton of cylindricality, gap in hole uses the epoxy resin filling being doped with high heat conduction aluminum nitride powder, makes heating rod and switch skeleton realize good thermo-contact.Heating rod is uniformly distributed along switch skeleton circumference, can determine heating rod number according to actual needs and symmetrical to install, switch skeleton is heated evenly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall appearance schematic diagram of the superconducting switch for conduction cooling superconducting magnet of the embodiment of the present invention, in figure, and 1 switch skeleton, 2 noninductive superconducting coils, 3 heating rods, 4 thermometers, 5 cool guiding rods;
Fig. 2 is the skeleton schematic diagram of the superconducting switch for conduction cooling superconducting magnet of the embodiment of the present invention, in figure, and 6 heating rod installing holes, 7 thermometer installing holes; 8 cool guiding rod installing holes;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the noninductive superconducting coil of the superconducting switch for conduction cooling superconducting magnet of the embodiment of the present invention, in figure, and 9 superconducting lines, 10 polytetrafluoroethylene films;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the heating rod of the superconducting switch for conduction cooling superconducting magnet of the embodiment of the present invention, in figure, and 11 bodies, 12 lead-in wires;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the cool guiding rod of the superconducting switch for conduction cooling superconducting magnet of the embodiment of the present invention, in figure, and 13 screw threads, 14 boss.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, the superconducting switch for conduction cooling superconducting magnet of the present invention is made up of switch skeleton 1, noninductive superconducting coil 2, heating rod 3, thermometer 4 and cool guiding rod 5.Described superconducting switch is thermally controlled.Switch skeleton 1 is by the higher metal material of thermal conductivity, and the two ends of making as red copper, aluminium alloy etc. are with the cylinder of flange, and noninductive superconducting coil 2 is wound on switch skeleton 1 in double wrap mode.Heat is produced after heating rod 3 is energized, be used for heater switch skeleton 1, then give noninductive superconducting coil 2 by the switch skeleton 1 that heat conduction is good by heat conduction, make noninductive superconducting coil 2 temperature rise to more than critical temperature, namely noninductive superconducting coil 2 is changed to positive normality by superconducting state.After heating rod 3 stops energising, noninductive superconducting coil 2 slowly cools, and temperature drops to below critical temperature gradually, and now noninductive superconducting coil 2 changes superconducting state into by normal state.Thermometer 4 is used for measuring the temperature of noninductive superconducting coil 2, judges that superconducting switch is in superconducting state or normal state with this.One end of cool guiding rod 5 connects superconducting magnet framework, other end connecting valve skeleton 1.
As shown in Figure 2, described switch skeleton 1 is the cylinders of two ends with flange, the centrally uniform multiple heating rod installing hole 6 of direction of principal axis on switch skeleton 1, is used for installing heating rod 3, symmetrical as required two or more heating rod 3 can be installed, switch skeleton 1 is heated evenly.On switch skeleton 1 centrally direction of principal axis open a thermometer installing hole 7 be used for install thermometer 4, measure the temperature of noninductive superconducting coil 2, be used for judging that superconducting switch is in superconducting state or normal state.The center of switch skeleton 1 is cool guiding rod installing hole 8, and cool guiding rod installing hole 8 is helicitic texture, with the screw thread tight fit on cool guiding rod 5, realizes the good thermo-contact between switch skeleton 1 and cool guiding rod 5.
As shown in Figure 3, described noninductive superconducting coil 2 is double wrap mode, and inductance is almost nil, and the sense of current of adjacent two circle superconducting lines 9 is contrary, and the number of plies can be one deck can be also multilayer, determines according to concrete designing requirement.Gap between superconducting line 9 and superconducting line 9 and between superconducting line 9 and switch skeleton 1 is all with the epoxy resin filling being doped with high heat conduction aluminum nitride powder, make the heat transfer between switch skeleton 1 and noninductive superconducting coil 2 even, serve the effect of reinforcing superconducting line 9 simultaneously, guarantee that superconducting line 9 is not moved.First by the polytetrafluoroethylene film 10 of outer surface even application a layer thickness about 1 μm of switch skeleton 1 before coiling, guarantee that the insulation against ground of coiling superincumbent noninductive superconducting coil 2 is good.
As shown in Figure 4, the heating rod 3 of described superconducting switch is made up of body 11 and lead-in wire 12, instead of traditional heater winding, without the need to and noninductive superconducting coil 2 interval coiling.In heating rod installing hole 6 on the body 11 flush switch skeleton 1 of cylindricality, the gap in installing hole 6 uses the epoxy resin filling being doped with high heat conduction aluminum nitride powder, makes body 11 and switch skeleton 1 realize good thermo-contact.One end of lead-in wire 12 is connected with body 11, and the other end is connected with external power source, heats to after switching on power heating rod body 11, after deenergization, stops heating.Heating rod 3 is uniformly distributed along switch skeleton 1 circumference, can determine the number of heating rod 3 according to actual needs and symmetrical to install, switch skeleton 1 is heated evenly.
As shown in Figure 5, the cool guiding rod 5 of described superconducting switch is threaded the cylindrical bar of 13 and boss 14 for two ends, the wherein screw thread 13 of one end and the internal thread tight fit of the cool guiding rod installing hole 8 of switch skeleton 1, boss 14 outer face adjacent with this screw thread 13 and the lower surface of switch skeleton 1 fit tightly, and guarantee the good thermo-contact between switch skeleton 1 and cool guiding rod 5.The screw thread 13 of cool guiding rod 5 other end is connected with the skeleton of superconducting magnet with boss 14.The effect of cool guiding rod 5 has two aspects, on the one hand, noninductive superconducting coil 2 temperature is made to rise to more than critical temperature when heating rod 3 energising produces heat, when superconducting switch is changed to positive normality by superconducting state, cool guiding rod 5 should be the non-conductor of heat, to guarantee that the heat of noninductive superconducting coil 2 temperature rising generation is not easily conducted to superconducting magnet and causes magnet quenching; On the other hand, when disconnection heating rod 3, when superconducting switch changes superconducting state into by normal state, cool guiding rod 5 should be the good conductor of heat, guarantees that superconducting switch is cooled to superconducting state temperature as early as possible.
Claims (5)
1., for a superconducting switch for conduction cooling superconducting magnet, it is characterized in that described superconducting switch is made up of switch skeleton (1), noninductive superconducting coil (2), heating rod (3), thermometer (4) and cool guiding rod (5); Noninductive superconducting coil (2) is evenly wound on switch skeleton (1) in double wrap mode; On two or many heating rods (3) flush switch skeleton (1) centrally in the uniform multiple heating rod installing hole of direction of principal axis; Produce heat after heating rod (3) energising, stop heating after power-off, be used for realizing noninductive superconducting coil (2) transformation between superconducting state and normal state; On switch skeleton (1), centrally direction of principal axis has a thermometer installing hole (7), is used for installing thermometer (4), to measure the temperature of noninductive superconducting coil (2); The center of switch skeleton (1) is cool guiding rod installing hole (8), cool guiding rod (5) is arranged in this cool guiding rod installing hole (8), one end connecting valve skeleton (1) of cool guiding rod (5), the other end connects superconducting magnet framework.
2. according to superconducting switch according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described switch skeleton (1) is made up of copper or aluminum metallic material.
3. according to superconducting switch according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described cool guiding rod installing hole (8) is helicitic texture, with screw thread (13) tight fit on cool guiding rod (5); The end face of boss (14) and the lower surface of switch skeleton (1) of the close screw thread (13) of cool guiding rod (5) fit tightly.
4. according to superconducting switch according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the heating rod (3) of described superconducting switch is made up of body (11) and lead-in wire (12); In heating rod installing hole (6) on body (11) the flush switch skeleton (1) of cylindricality, the gap in installing hole (6) uses the epoxy resin filling being doped with high heat conduction aluminum nitride powder; One end of lead-in wire (12) is connected with body (11), and the other end is connected with external power source; Heating rod (3) is uniformly distributed along switch skeleton (1) circumference.
5. according to superconducting switch according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, between the wire of described noninductive superconducting coil (2) and wire, and the gap between wire and switch skeleton is all with the epoxy resin filling doped with aluminum nitride powder; At the polytetrafluoroethylene film of outer surface even application a layer thickness about 1 μm of switch skeleton before coiling is noninductive superconducting coil (2).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410655318.3A CN104579280A (en) | 2014-11-18 | 2014-11-18 | Superconductive switch for conducting cooling superconductive magnet |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410655318.3A CN104579280A (en) | 2014-11-18 | 2014-11-18 | Superconductive switch for conducting cooling superconductive magnet |
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| CN104579280A true CN104579280A (en) | 2015-04-29 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109841370A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-06-04 | 苏州八匹马超导科技有限公司 | A kind of cooling magnet structure of conduction and its manufacturing method |
| CN113450995A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-09-28 | 中国科学院江西稀土研究院 | Liquid helium-free superconducting magnet framework, superconducting magnet and winding method |
| CN115620986A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2023-01-17 | 大连理工大学 | Super heat conduction switch |
| CN116206845A (en) * | 2023-02-16 | 2023-06-02 | 苏州八匹马超导科技有限公司 | Implementation method of superconducting switch system for conduction cooling superconducting magnet |
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| CN115620986A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2023-01-17 | 大连理工大学 | Super heat conduction switch |
| CN116206845A (en) * | 2023-02-16 | 2023-06-02 | 苏州八匹马超导科技有限公司 | Implementation method of superconducting switch system for conduction cooling superconducting magnet |
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