A kind of brshless DC motor control device for reversing and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-precision control device for reversing that can adjust brshless DC motor commutation trigger point, especially
It is related to a kind of brshless DC motor control device for reversing and method, belongs to motor control technology field.
Background technology
Permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine (Brushless DC Permanent Magnet Motor) have structure simple, can
By property height, efficiency high, starting performance be good and the advantages of good speed adjustment features, the application in all trades and professions is more and more extensive.
Rotor-position is the signal of interest controlling needed for brshless DC motor, and current permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine is typically adopted
Detect rotor-position with Hall switch sensor, commutated according to rotor-position.
Generally Hall element has two kinds of installation methods:One kind is to be directly installed in stator slot (or tooth);Another kind is
It is arranged separately in the anti-drive end of motor, and equipped with independent magnet ring on axle, the installation accuracy of hall position sensor is to permanent magnetism
The runnability impact of motor is very big.
It is mounted directly Hall element and there is easy-to-install advantage, but reversal point trigger point can not be adjusted completely and shift to an earlier date
Or postpone;Therefore, the whole parameter designing of motor must be very accurate, is otherwise possible to not reach rated speed or rated power.
Separately installed Hall element, needs to be distributed Hall element for 120 ° according to electrical angle, typically makes
Annular printed circuit board, needs independent magnet ring, and magnet ring not only should have identical number of magnetic poles with rotor, and from former
Say in reason, the distribution of magnetic pole on magnet ring be distributed with the magnetic pole of brushless DC motor rotor should also be as identical, but due to the technique that magnetizes
Restriction, magnetic pole distribution and the magnetic pole of rotor of magnet ring be distributed physical presence error, and this have impact on forever to a certain extent
The raising further of the performance of magnetic brshless DC motor.In addition, for separately installed Hall element, being to be adjusted by rotation
Hall element printed circuit board (PCB), to finely tune motor commutation trigger point, and such adjustment can only be entered during motor assembling
OK;Once completing, in the middle of running, commutation trigger point cannot change, and this directly limit the speed governing of brshless DC motor
Scope.
Content of the invention
For solving the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of brshless DC motor control device for reversing and method;Can
With by detecting to the rotor magnetic pole position of brshless DC motor, and provide the commutation control signal of routine, can also be accurate
Really be given and be advanced or delayed the indication signal of trigger point that commutates.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:A kind of brshless DC motor control device for reversing, including infrared detection unit
Part, the hard collar, logic control circuit modules, electronic commutator;Described infrared detection device is provided with three groups, and described three groups
Infrared detection device is arranged on the radial outside of the hard collar, and according to electrical angle, 120 ° are distributed in one piece of annular printed circuit board
On, and connect with logic control circuit modules;Described annular printed circuit board is vacantly enclosed within the non-outfan of brshless DC motor
Radially above, the described hard collar is socketed on the motor shaft of the non-outfan of brshless DC motor motor shaft, and in described hard
The surface of the collar is printed on the black and white pattern of cycle repetition, and the black and white pattern in each cycle is relative with a pair of magnetic pole of rotor
Should;External equipment system and logic control circuit modules and electronic commutator sequential communication.
Wherein, described infrared detection device include being parallel to each other placement GaAs (GaAs) infrarede emitting diode and
Silicon phototriode;In order to allow infrared detection device the black and white pattern of hard collar radial surface is preferably detected, described red
Outer detecting element is vacantly arranged at the radial outside 5mm of the hard collar.
Further, the surface of the described hard collar is printed on the black and white pattern groups more than rotor magnetic pole equivalent;Every group black
White pattern includes one S with 120 ° of electric angle all black pattern segments correspondence a pair of magnetic poles of rotor extremely under center
Domain;One N with corresponding a pair of the magnetic pole of rotor of 120 ° of electric angle whole white pattern segments extremely under central area;In all black
All there is a transition pattern section, each transition pattern section corresponds to 60 ° of electric angles after pattern segments and whole white pattern segments,
And described transition pattern is chequered with black and white striped, the width of each striped corresponds to 1 ° of electric angle.
Further, described logic control circuit modules include commutation logic circuit and pulse width modulator;Described commutation logic
The position that circuit receives three groups of infrared detection device outputs detects that pulse train and the direction controlling of external equipment system input are believed
Number;Described pulse width modulator receives the speed control signal of external equipment system input;And external equipment system sent
Speed control signal is modulated into pulse width modulating signal (PWM);Described pulse width modulating signal (PWM) is patrolled with described commutation
Wherein three tunnels in six road signals of volume circuit output be separately input to three with door, three output signals with door are amplified
It is sent to the control end of on high-tension side three switching tubes of electronic commutator, in six road signals of described commutation logic circuit output
The control end of amplified three switching tubes being sent directly to electronic commutator low-pressure side of other three road signals, wherein, described
Electronic commutator be three-phase bridge type converter;Wherein said three-phase bridge type converter is SPM
IRAMX20UP60A.
Further, also it is communicated with overcurrent protection mould between described electronic commutator and logic control circuit modules
Block, for the overcurrent protection of electronic commutator.
A kind of brshless DC motor reverse control method, step is as follows:
(1) three group of infrared detection device detects black and white pattern that on the hard collar, the cycle repeats and is converted into three tunnel positions
Detection pulse train, and this pulse train is sent to logic control circuit modules;Three wherein said tunnel position detection pulses
Sequence Zhong Mei road pulse train is all to repeat in the cycle, three tunnel position detection 120 ° of electric angles of pulse train mutual deviation;On one, every road
In periodic pulse train, including one 120 ° electric angle high level sections and one 120 ° electric angle low level sections, also include being located at
Two 60 ° electric angle narrow pulse sequence sections between 120 ° of high level sections and 120 ° of low level sections, the narrow arteries and veins of described 60 ° of electric angles
Rush the 30 1 ° electric angle high level sequence that sequence section is spaced arrangement and 30 1 ° electric angle low level sequence;
(2) pulse that the commutation logic circuit in logic control circuit modules sends with reference to three groups of infrared detection devices
The direction control signal that sequence and external equipment system send carries out logical operation process and obtains six road commutation control signals, its
In three tunnels be used for controlling high-pressure side three switching tube of electronic commutator, in addition three tunnels are used for controlling the low-pressure side of electronic commutator
Three switching tubes;
(3) speed control signal that external equipment system sends is modulated through pulse width modulator and is produced pulse width tune
Signal processed, pulse width modulating signal carries out logical AND, shape respectively with three road commutation control signals of three switching tubes in high-pressure side
Multiplex modulated signal is become to be used for controlling three switching tubes of electronic commutator mesohigh side, three of electronic commutator mesolow side
The other three road commutation control signals that switching tube accepts commutation logic circuit output respectively control;By controlling electronic commutator complete
Become brshless DC motor commutation control and speed controlling.Wherein, the commutation trigger point of described brshless DC motor commutation control
In 60 ° of electric angle narrow pulse sequence sections, 30 ° of electric corner points commutate therebetween, are normal commutation;Less than 30 ° of electric angles
Place's commutation, for commutating in advance;Commutate at more than 30 ° of electric angles, be late commutation;Logic control circuit modules are according to commutation electric angle
Be advanced or delayed, adjustment brshless DC motor reference rotation speed.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:Traditional Hall element is replaced using high-precision infrared detection device, adopts
The hard collar with special black and white printed patterns replaces traditional magnet ring, forms a kind of new permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine and changes
To control device, this control device by detecting to the rotor magnetic pole position of brshless DC motor, and often can provide
The commutation control signal of rule, can also accurately provide the indication signal being advanced or delayed commutation control trigger point;There is installation essence
Degree is high, structure is simple, the features such as cost is cheap.
Brief description:
Fig. 1 is each several part connection diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is infrared detection device schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is infrared detection device of the present invention and hard collar scheme of installation;
Fig. 4 be hard collar black and white pattern of the present invention radially expanded view and brushless DC motor rotor three opposite potential A,
The corresponding relation schematic diagram of B, C;
Fig. 5 is that the present invention three tunnel position detection pulse train waveform is contrary with the electric angle number of degrees and brushless DC motor rotor three
Potential A, the corresponding relation schematic diagram of B, C;
In figure Main Reference Numerals implication is as follows:
1st, infrared detection device, 2, infrarede emitting diode, 3, silicon phototriode, 4, the hard collar, 5, brushless direct-current
The motor shaft of the non-outfan of motor, 6, annular printed circuit board.
Specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is done with specific introduction.
Fig. 1 is each several part connection diagram of the present invention;Fig. 2 is infrared detection device schematic diagram of the present invention;Fig. 3 is the present invention
Infrared detection device and hard collar scheme of installation;Fig. 4 is hard collar black and white pattern of the present invention radially expanded view and nothing
The corresponding relation schematic diagram of brushless motor rotor three-phase back-emf A, B, C;Fig. 5 is that pulse train is detected in the present invention three tunnel position
Waveform and the corresponding relation schematic diagram of the electric angle number of degrees and brushless DC motor rotor three opposite potential A, B, C;
Embodiment one
As shown in figs. 1 and 3:The present embodiment is a kind of brshless DC motor control device for reversing, including infrared detection device
1st, the hard collar 4, logic control circuit modules, electronic commutator;Infrared detection device 1 is provided with three groups, and three groups of infrared inspections
Survey the radial outside that element 1 is arranged on the hard collar 4,120 ° are distributed on one piece of annular printed circuit board 6 according to electrical angle, and
Connect with logic control circuit modules;As shown in Figures 2 and 3:Infrared detection device 1 described in the present embodiment includes being parallel to each other and puts
GaAs (GaAs) infrarede emitting diode 2 put and silicon phototriode 3;In order to allow infrared detection device 1 preferably to detect
To the black and white pattern on the hard collar 4 surface, described infrared detection device 1 is vacantly arranged on the radial outside 5mm of the hard collar 4
Place.
The annular printed circuit board 6 that the present embodiment adopts vacantly is enclosed within motor shaft 5 footpath of the non-outfan of brshless DC motor
Upward, the described hard collar 4 is socketed on the motor shaft 5 of the non-outfan of brshless DC motor, and in the described hard collar 4
Surface be printed on one group of black and white pattern, one group of described black and white pattern is corresponding with a pair of magnetic pole that rotor is arranged;As Fig. 4
Shown:It is printed on one group of more than a pair of magnetic pole equivalent of rotor, corresponding black and white pattern groups on the surface of the hard collar 4;
Described one group of black and white pattern include a S with corresponding a pair of the magnetic pole of rotor of 120 ° of electric angle all black pattern segments extremely under
Central area;One N with corresponding a pair of the magnetic pole of rotor of 120 ° of electric angle whole white pattern segments extremely under central area;
All there is a transition pattern section after all black pattern segments and whole white pattern segments, each transition pattern section corresponds to
60 ° of electric angles, and described transition pattern is chequered with black and white striped, the width of each striped corresponds to 1 ° of electric angle.
As shown in Figure 1:External equipment system and logic control circuit modules and electronic commutator sequential communication;Logic control
Circuit module utilize drive output a, b, c, d, e, f respectively with electronic commutator signal input part a’、b’、c’、d’、e’、f’
Corresponding connection, by commutation control signal output in electronic commutator;Described logic control circuit modules include commutation logic electricity
Road and pulse width modulator;Described commutation logic circuit receives three groups of infrared detection devices 1 and is converted into the pattern on the hard collar 2
Three tunnel positions detect pulse trains and external equipment system input direction control signal;Described pulse width modulator receives outside
The speed control signal of device systems input;And the speed control signal sending external equipment system is modulated into pulse width
Modulated signal (PWM);Its in six road signals of described pulse width modulating signal (PWM) and described commutation logic circuit output
In three tunnels be separately input to three with door, three output signals with door are amplified to be sent to electronic commutator on high-tension side three
The control end of switching tube, amplified direct of other three road signals in six road signals of described commutation logic circuit output
Deliver to the control end of three switching tubes of electronic commutator low-pressure side.
The electronic commutator that the present embodiment adopts is SPM IRAMX20UP60A three-phase bridge type converter;And this
Embodiment is also communicated with overcurrent protection module between electronic commutator and logic control circuit modules, for electronic commutator
Overcurrent protection.
Embodiment two
A kind of brshless DC motor reverse control method, step is as follows:
(1) three group of infrared detection device 1 detects the black and white pattern of the hard collar 4 upper cycle repetition and is converted into three tunnel positions
Put detection pulse train, and this pulse train is sent to logic control circuit modules;As shown in Figure 5:Three described tunnel positions
Detection pulse train Zhong Mei road pulse train is all to repeat in the cycle, three tunnel position detection 120 ° of electric angles of pulse train mutual deviation;?
In a cycle pulse train of every road, including one 120 ° electric angle high level sections and one 120 ° electric angle low level sections, also
Including two 60 ° of electric angle narrow pulse sequence sections between 120 ° of high level sections and 120 ° of low level sections, described 60 °
Electric angle narrow pulse sequence section is 30 1 ° electric angle high level sequence of spaced arrangement and 30 1 ° electric angle low level sequence;
(2) pulse that the commutation logic circuit in logic control circuit modules sends with reference to three groups of infrared detection devices 1
The direction control signal that sequence and external equipment system send carries out logical operation process and obtains six road commutation control signals, its
In three tunnels be used for controlling high-pressure side three switching tube of electronic commutator, in addition three tunnels are used for controlling the low-pressure side of electronic commutator
Three switching tubes;
(3) speed control signal that external equipment system sends is modulated through pulse width modulator and is produced pulse width tune
Signal processed, pulse width modulating signal carries out logical AND, shape respectively with three road commutation control signals of three switching tubes in high-pressure side
Multiplex modulated signal is become to be used for controlling three switching tubes of electronic commutator mesohigh side, three of electronic commutator mesolow side
The other three road commutation control signals that switching tube accepts commutation logic circuit output respectively control;By controlling electronic commutator complete
Become brshless DC motor commutation control and speed controlling.Wherein, the commutation trigger point of described brshless DC motor commutation control
In 60 ° of electric angle narrow pulse sequence sections, 30 ° of electric corner points commutate therebetween, are normal commutation;Less than 30 ° of electric angles
Place's commutation, for commutating in advance;Commutate at more than 30 ° of electric angles, be late commutation;Logic control circuit modules are according to commutation electric angle
Be advanced or delayed, adjustment brshless DC motor reference rotation speed.
The present invention is independently installed mode, replaces traditional Hall element using high-precision infrared detection device, adopts
The hard collar with special black and white printed patterns replaces traditional magnet ring;There is the hard set ring set of special black and white printed patterns
It is connected on the non-output shaft end of motor, the black and white pattern on the collar is corresponding with the magnetic pole distribution of rotor, basic according to producing
Commutation signal and the commutation requirement that is advanced or delayed of trigger point, the black and white printed patterns on the design collar;Three groups of infrared detection
Element is distributed on an annular printed circuit board for 120 ° according to electrical angle, and every group of infrared detection device is by the GaAs being placed in parallel
(GaAs) infrarede emitting diode and highly sensitive silicon phototriode two parts composition, and the hanging radial direction in the hard collar
At the 5mm of outside;On the hard collar, black and white pattern has a very high morpheme size precision, and the significantly larger than precision that magnetizes of magnet ring is red
Outer detecting element is also far above general switching Hall components to magnet ring magnetic to the accuracy of detection of the black and white pattern on the hard collar
The induction precision of field;Therefore, more accurately basic commutation control signal can be provided to brshless DC motor using the present invention,
And the signal of commutation or late commutation in advance, can significantly improve the control performance of brshless DC motor.
The invention is not limited in any way for above-described embodiment, all is obtained by the way of equivalent or equivalent transformation
Technical scheme, all fall within protection scope of the present invention.