CN104578833B - High quality Active Front End current transformer implementation method based on thyristor - Google Patents
High quality Active Front End current transformer implementation method based on thyristor Download PDFInfo
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- CN104578833B CN104578833B CN201310479789.9A CN201310479789A CN104578833B CN 104578833 B CN104578833 B CN 104578833B CN 201310479789 A CN201310479789 A CN 201310479789A CN 104578833 B CN104578833 B CN 104578833B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/145—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
- H02M7/155—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only
- H02M7/1555—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only with control circuit
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Rectifiers (AREA)
Abstract
High quality Active Front End current transformer implementation method the present invention is based on thyristor belongs to AC converter control technology,Purpose is to further investigate the commutation system transformation mechanism of frequency converter,Topological structure and control technology,Research and develop a kind of low harmony wave,High Power Factor,It can electric energy feedback,High quality Active Front End current transformer based on thyristor,It is characterized in that the Active Front End converter system of frequency converter is by a phase-shifting transformer,One 12 pulse wave unsteady flow bridge being made of two identical 6 pulse wave unsteady flow bridges of thyristor and a set of more level DC current controls and synthesis unit form,Using the control strategy of asymmetrical current,Two three-phase unsteady flow bridges are controlled by particular transform rule,It is sine-wave current to make phase-shifting transformer current on line side,Realize low harmony wave,Power factor is arbitrarily adjustable,Electric energy feedback is braked,DC voltage and current adjustable function on a large scale,Suitable for the green energy conservation type Active Front End current transformer of various voltage class and various power brackets.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to AC converter control technologies.
Background technology
Frequency converter came out over more than 30 years, and application is rapidly developed, and all trades and professions has been widely used at present, at certain
A little fields are instead of Direct Current Governor System.The extensive use of frequency converter has benefited from manufacture technique of power electronic device, unsteady flow skill
The rapid development of art, control technology, Microcomputer Technology, large scale integrated circuit technology, equally, the extensive use of frequency converter
Also the development of the relevant technologies is effectively promoted.In the case where this technology is mutually promoted, frequency converter is constantly in miniaturization, power
Greatly, function is strong, easy to operation etc. is developed and perfect.
On the other hand, frequency converter is harmonic pollution source again, and with the extensive use of frequency converter, the problem of harmonic pollution also becomes
Getting worse is obtained, solves the problems, such as that harmonic pollution just becomes the important topic that we face.
Solving the harmonic pollution of converter plant can obtain from two approach, and one is additional filterings device and reactive-load compensation dress
It puts, another approach is to research and develop the converter plant of low harmony wave and High Power Factor.Obviously the former is passive mode of remedying, the latter
It is positive active method.The Active Front End current transformer of research and development high quality is exactly the concrete embodiment of the latter approach.
At present, it is using Active Front End unsteady flow that high-grade low voltage frequency converter, which inhibits harmonic wave, the method for improving power factor,
The method that device adds active filter, Active Front End current transformer carry out High Power Factor control and electric energy feedback control, active filter
Wave device carries out harmonic, by Harmonics elimination or inhibits in allowed limits.High-grade medium voltage frequency converter inhibits harmonic wave, improves
The method of power factor is the method using multiple active rectification, i.e., by multiple phase-shifting transformer and multi-pulse rectification and pulsewidth tune
(PWM) technology of system is eliminated or inhibits harmonic wave, improves power factor, carries out electric energy feedback control.And the pressure common of inferior grade and
Medium voltage frequency converter all generally existing harmonic wave, power factor and electric energy feedback problem.
Current frequency converter commutation system is made a general survey of, can realize power factor close to " 1 ", humorous on high-grade converter technology
Wave content less than national standard requirement numerical value and can electric energy feedback control, but still there are system price is expensive, system is realized
The weakness such as complexity, these weakness seriously constrain the practical application of high-end frequency converter, and the frequency converter applied currently on the market is exhausted
Most of is the common frequency converter of inferior grade, and it is increasingly prominent extensively using the contradiction with administering harmonic pollution that this allows for frequency converter
Go out, for the air with nature as the environmental pollution of water, the harmonic pollution administered and solve power electronic equipment is also to compel
The problem of eyebrows and eyelashes.It a kind of is replaced if can find with succinct topological structure, simple and practicable, reliable, cheap system
The various frequency converter commutation systems of generation at present, then can receive the resultant effect for administering harmonic pollution and energy efficiency, it will significantly
Promote the development of converter technology.
Since thyristor has many advantages, such as that withstanding voltage is high, specified conducting electric current is big, efficient, good reliability, asked from it
It has just been had been widely used always since generation, even if there are the characteristic of half control, thus in certain fields by GTO, IGBT, IGCT
Full-controlled switching elements is waited to replace outer, critical positions are still occupied in DC speed regulation field and high-power applications field.It is practical
Using showing that thyristor is still one of attractive power electronic devices, it is carried out deeper into research still have weight
The realistic meaning wanted.
Research in relation to the high quality Active Front End current transformer based on thyristor yet there are no the document published.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is commutation system transformation mechanism, topological structure and the control technologies of further investigation frequency converter, grind
Send out low harmony wave a kind of, High Power Factor, can electric energy feedback, the high quality Active Front End current transformer based on thyristor.
The research object of the present invention is 12 Pulses Rectifier of thyristor, this is the typical structure of rectifier, this spline structure
Its converter power transformer winding construction of rectifier is simple, and outlet is easy, and winding utilization is high, is suitble to various power application fields
It closes.
Main points the present invention is based on the high quality Active Front End current transformer implementation method of thyristor are in harmonics restraint, brilliant lock
Breakthrough progress is achieved in terms of pipe application, system overall efficiency and four quadrant running.
The present invention is based on thyristor high quality Active Front End current transformer implementation method be characterized in frequency converter it is active before
Converter system is held to be become by the phase shift of a primary side Y winding [2] and Y the and △ secondary side windings [3] and [4] of two 30 degree of mutual deviations
Depressor, 12 pulse wave unsteady flow bridges being made of two identical 6 pulse wave unsteady flow bridges [5] of thyristor and [6] and a set of
More level DC current controls and synthesis unit [7] composition using the control strategy of asymmetrical current, pass through more level DCs electricity
Flow control and synthesis unit [7] implement the current wave to two three-phase unsteady flow bridges by the particular transform rule of (1) formula and (2) formula
Shape is controlled, [34] be using etc. incremental steps shape triangular current waveform more level synthesis Y three-phase unsteady flows bridge output
Current waveform, [35] are the current waveforms of △ three-phase unsteady flows bridge output, and [36] are the output of Y three-phase unsteady flows bridge and △ three-phase unsteady flow bridges
The DC side current waveform of synthesis is exported, [32] are Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer Y winding current waveforms, and [33] are Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer △
Winding current waveform, [31] are the resultant current waveforms that transformer primary side obtains, and are low harmony wave sine waveform, by Y
The phase control directly controlled with reciprocity incremental steps shape triangular current of three-phase unsteady flow bridge and △ three-phase unsteady flow bridge current amplitudes
System realizes arbitrary adjustable, the electric energy feedback braking of power factor, and DC voltage and electric current freely regulate and control in 0~nominal value range
Function.
In formula：
IBY：Y bridge DC currents
IBΔ：Δ bridge DC current
Idc：Direct current side inverter load current
K=1,2 ...
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing 1 is the high quality Active Front End current transformer implementation method topology diagram based on thyristor, and 1 is three in Fig. 1
Phase alternating current inlet wire power supply, the usually power supply of standard voltage grade, in special circumstances can also criteria of right and wrong voltage power supply；2
It is phase-shifting transformer first side winding, Y connection；3 be phase-shifting transformer secondary side Y shape winding；4 be phase-shifting transformer secondary side
△ shape windings differ 30 ° with Y shape winding, and line voltage is equal；5 be Y winding Thyristor Three-phase unsteady flow bridges；6 be △ winding thyristors
Three-phase unsteady flow bridge；7 be more level DC current controls and synthesis unit, and effect is by Y three-phase unsteady flow bridges and △ three-phase unsteady flow bridges
DC current controlled and synthesized in a manner of more level；8 be inversion unit.
Attached drawing 2 is oscillogram of the high quality Active Front End current transformer implementation method under ideal transformation based on thyristor,
21 be three-phase alternating current incoming power side A phases I in Fig. 2ACurrent waveform, B phases IBCurrent waveform and C phases ICCurrent waveform and A phases IAElectricity
It is similar to flow waveform, difference is only to differ 120 ° and 240 ° with A phases respectively；22 be 12 pulse wave convertor transformer secondary side Y shape winding A
Phase IaYCurrent waveform, B phases IbYCurrent waveform and C phases ICYCurrent waveform and A phases IaYCurrent waveform is similar, difference be only respectively with
A phases differ 120 ° and 240 °；23 be 12 pulse wave convertor transformer secondary side △ shape winding A phases IaΔCurrent waveform, B phases IbΔElectric current
Waveform and C phases IC△Current waveform and A phases IaΔCurrent waveform is similar, and difference is only to differ 120 ° and 240 ° with A phases respectively；24 are
Y winding three-phase unsteady flow bridge output current IBY waveforms are triangular current；25 be △ winding three-phase unsteady flow bridge output currents IBΔWave
Shape is also triangular current, but differs 30 ° with Y three-phase unsteady flow bridges in phase；26 be the output of Y three-phase unsteady flows bridge and △ three-phases
The direct current side inverter load current I of unsteady flow bridge output synthesisdCWaveform.
Attached drawing 3 is the high quality Active Front End current transformer implementation method based on thyristor in incremental steps shape triangles such as uses
Oscillogram during wave, 31 be three-phase alternating current incoming power side A phases I in Fig. 3ACurrent waveform, B phases IBCurrent waveform and C phases ICElectric current
Waveform and A phases IACurrent waveform is similar, and difference is only to differ 120 ° and 240 ° with A phases respectively；32 be 12 pulse wave convertor transformers
Secondary side Y shape winding A phases IaYCurrent waveform, B phases IbYCurrent waveform and C phases ICYCurrent waveform and A phases IaYCurrent waveform is similar,
Difference is only to differ 120 ° and 240 ° with A phases respectively；33 be 12 pulse wave convertor transformer secondary side △ shape winding A phases Ia△Electric current
Waveform, B phases IbΔCurrent waveform and C phases IC△Current waveform and A phases Ia△Current waveform is similar, and difference is only to be differed respectively with A phases
120 ° and 240 °；34 be Y winding three-phase unsteady flow bridge output currents IBYWaveform；35 be △ winding three-phase unsteady flow bridge output currents IB△
Waveform；36 be direct current side inverter load current IdCWaveform.
Specific embodiment
For realize low harmony wave, High Power Factor, can electric energy feedback function, high quality Active Front End based on thyristor becomes
Stream device implementation method takes the topological structure of phase-shifting transformer, and system has first side winding and two 30 degree of mutual deviations by one
The phase-shifting transformer of Y and △ secondary side windings, a 12 pulse wave thyristor current transformers and a set of more level DC current controls
And allocation unit composition, the method that control strategy is taken based on the asymmetrical control three-phase unsteady flow bridge electric current of (1) formula and (2) formula.
Harmonic wave situation is analyzed, 12 traditional pulse wave rectifiers are that DC quantity is averagely allocated to two three-phase unsteady flow bridges to become
It changes, when mean allocation DC quantity gives two three-phase unsteady flow bridges, the exchange output of two three-phase unsteady flow bridges of 12 pulse wave current transformers contains
There is 6k ± 1 (k=1,2 ...) subharmonic, two of which three-phase unsteady flow bridge 6 (2k-1) ± 1 (k=1,2 ...) subharmonic is equal in magnitude,
Opposite in phase, 6 (2k) ± 1 (k=1,2 ...) subharmonic is equal in magnitude, and phase is identical.Therefore, the exchange of two three-phase unsteady flow bridges
After output synthesis, 6 (2k-1) ± 1 (k=1,2 ...) subharmonic offsets each other, and two three-phase unsteady flow bridges 6 (2k) ± 1 (k=1,
2 ...) harmonic component that output is exchanged with for current transformer of subharmonic exchanges the total harmonic distortion factor THD of output>8%, in this way
Transformation quality will obviously cause harmonic pollution to three-phase alternating-current supply.
DC quantity how to be distributed to two three-phase unsteady flow bridges, can just inhibit harmonic wave, realize that alternating current source obtains sine
The high-quality change of variable of wave waveformIf inequality distribution DC current presses (1) formula and (2) formula to two three-phase unsteady flow bridges
Particular transform rule DC current is distributed into two three-phase unsteady flow bridges, the exchange output of two three-phase unsteady flow bridges is made not include 6
(2k) ± 1 (k=1,2 ...) subharmonic, so that it may so that current transformer exchange output is sine wave.
DC current is distributed into two three-phase unsteady flow bridges, and I by the rule of conversion of (1) formula and (2) formulaBY(ω t) and
IBΔ(ω t) is synchronous with the ac output current of Y three-phase unsteady flows bridge, △ three-phase unsteady flow bridges, then the synthesis of two three-phase unsteady flow bridges is handed over
Stream output is sinusoidal current.[24] it is waveform that Y winding three-phase unsteady flow bridges are distributed to by (1) formula, [25] are distributed to by (2) formula
The waveform of △ winding three-phase unsteady flow bridges, [22] are Y winding three-phase unsteady flow bridge ac-side current waveforms, and [23] are that △ winding three-phases become
Bridge ac-side current waveform is flowed, [21] are Y winding three-phase unsteady flow bridges and the current waveform of △ winding three-phase unsteady flows bridge synthesis, i.e. net
Side current waveform, to be free of the sine-wave current waveform of harmonic wave, this is waveform ideally.
It is practical realize as electric current, be will be applied to the triangular currents of two three-phase unsteady flow bridges with etc. incremental steps shape
Triangular current is approximate, that is, forms more level constituted modes.Etc. incremental steps shape triangular current waveform using following principles use
More level DC current controls and synthesis unit [7] are realized：
(1) DC current equalization is assigned to m branch, each branch is connected to two controllable switches, the two switches
Complimentary action forms complementary switch pair, is connected respectively to Y three-phase unsteady flow bridges and △ three-phase unsteady flow bridges, m branch can form m+1
A level etc. incremental steps shape triangular wave.
(2) switch a complementary switch pair every 30 °/m, make the electric current of inflow Y three-phase unsteady flow bridges increase a branch amount,
The electric current of inflow △ three-phase unsteady flow bridges is also made to reduce by a branch amount simultaneously, by m 30 °/m sections, when all branch currents
After all flowing into Y three-phase unsteady flow bridges, then the electric current of inflow Y three-phase unsteady flow bridges is made to reduce by a branch amount every 30 °/m, while also make
Flowing into the electric current of △ three-phase unsteady flow bridges increases a branch amount, until the electric current for flowing into Y three-phase unsteady flow bridges is reduced to zero, repeat with
Upper process, it is possible to by DC current by etc. the rule of incremental steps shape triangular wave distribute to tri- phase transformation of Y three-phase unsteady flow bridges and △
Flow bridge.
With etc. after incremental steps shape triangular wave approximation, [34] are the waveforms that Y winding three-phase unsteady flow bridges are distributed to by (1) formula,
[35] it is waveform that △ winding three-phase unsteady flow bridges are distributed to by (2) formula, [32] are Y winding three-phase unsteady flow bridge ac-side current waves
Shape, [33] are △ winding three-phase unsteady flow bridge ac-side current waveforms, and [31] are Y winding three-phase unsteady flow bridges and △ winding three-phase unsteady flows
The current waveform of bridge synthesis, i.e. network side current waveform, to contain the current waveform close to sine wave of certain harmonic wave, this is to use
The waveform obtained after control method of the present invention.
Using above-mentioned principle and the high quality Active Front End unsteady flow based on thyristor of DC current control and synthetic method
Device implementation method has following characteristics：
Low harmony wave height converts quality, and phase-shifting transformer mains side current harmonic content increases with m and reduced, electric current
The relationship of THD and m is shown in table 1.
The relation table of table 1.THD and m
| m | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| THD | 7.77% | 5.25% | 3.99% | 3.28% | 2.77% | 2.45% | 2.20% | 2.02% |
According to table 1, as m >=6, the harmonic value of phase-shifting transformer mains side is limited within 3%.
Thyristor control entirely, by etc. incremental steps shape triangular current be applied to Y three-phase unsteady flow bridges and △ three-phase unsteady flows
Bridge, result in the electric current of switching device in Y three-phase unsteady flow bridges and △ three-phase unsteady flow bridges by setting etc. incremental steps shape triangular wave
Electric current rule changes.When the switching device for forming Y three-phase unsteady flow bridges and △ three-phase unsteady flow bridges is thyristor, the increments platform such as application
Gate circuit transistor gate trigger signal is given when stepped triangular current starts, thyristor is open-minded, etc. incremental steps shape triangular current
Be that thyristor current flows are zero to be forced to turn off, i.e., thyristor is opened is controlled by gate pole during zero, electric current be zero shutdown control by etc.
Incremental steps shape triangular current provides, and the combination of the two makes thyristor realize the effect that full control switchs.The full control of thyristor
Change makes Trigger Angle phase shift range become -180 °~180 °, easily achieves that use full-controlled switch device in the past in this way
The power factor that could be realized can in advance or lag continuously adjust, power factor for " 1 " control, electric energy feedback control it is high-end
Function.
High efficiency, thyristor are turned off when electric current is zero, open-minded when voltage is zero, realize Sofe Switch controlling party
Formula, no switching loss, working frequency 50Hz, switching frequency is low, thus gross efficiency is high.
By to be applied to Y three-phase unsteady flow bridges and △ three-phase unsteady flow bridges etc. incremental steps shape triangle wave amplitude control
System, realizes that DC voltage electric current is controllable on a large scale, and DC side no longer needs big energy-storage travelling wave tube.
Compared with the existing technology, with novel the having of the high quality Active Front End current transformer implementation method structure based on thyristor
Source front end current transformer no longer needs the big energy-storage travelling wave tube of exchange side and DC side, avoids asking for resonance and system low-response
Topic, effectively inhibits harmonic wave, has that low harmony wave, high efficiency, DC voltage and current be a wide range of controllable, power factor is " 1 ", can
The advantages that electric energy feedback, succinct topological structure and control system, particularly realizes the full controlization of thyristor, can play brilliant lock
Pipe high pressure, current capacity are big, device performance is stable, system realizes the advantages that simple, cheap to build suitable for various
Green, the energy-saving Active Front End current transformer of voltage class and various power brackets, especially in High Power Active front end current transformer
Using upper more advantage, there is very wide application prospect.
High quality Active Front End current transformer implementation method based on thyristor is equally applicable to the high-quality of Direct Current Governor System
Measure rectifier power source.
Claims (1)
1. the high quality Active Front End current transformer implementation method based on thyristor, it is characterised in that：The Active Front End of frequency converter becomes
Streaming system is made of the Y secondary side windings (3) and △ secondary side windings (4) of a primary side Y winding (2) and two 30 degree of mutual deviations
Phase-shifting transformer, 12 pulse wave unsteady flow bridges being made of two identical 6 pulse wave unsteady flow bridges of thyristor and a set of
More level DC current controls and synthesis unit (7) composition using the control strategy of asymmetrical current, pass through more level DCs electricity
Flow control and synthesis unit (7) implement the current wave to two three-phase unsteady flow bridges by the particular transform rule of (1) formula and (2) formula
Shape is controlled, and the resultant current of low harmony wave sine waveform is obtained in transformer primary side, by Y three-phase unsteady flow bridges and △
Three-phase unsteady flow bridge current amplitude directly control and to three-phase unsteady flow bridge export etc. incremental steps shape triangular current phase
Control realizes arbitrary adjustable, the electric energy feedback braking of power factor, and DC voltage and electric current are freely adjusted in 0~nominal value range
The function of control,
In formula：
IBY：Y bridge DC currents
IBΔ：Δ bridge DC current
Idc：Direct current side inverter load current
K=1,2 ....
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| CN201310479789.9A CN104578833B (en) | 2013-10-15 | 2013-10-15 | High quality Active Front End current transformer implementation method based on thyristor |
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| CN106411146B (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2019-01-29 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | A kind of 12 pulsating wave voltage-type reversible rectifier device and its control method |
| CN107658875A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-02-02 | 镇江大全赛雪龙牵引电气有限公司 | Urban track traffic thyristor-type traction rectifier and feedback converter system |
| CN111474423A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-07-31 | 西安交通大学 | Hybrid energy supply burst short circuit testing device and testing method |
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| CN101615884A (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2009-12-30 | 上海电力学院 | The cascade speed regulator with high power factor of phase-shifting chopped waves |
| CN102710154A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-10-03 | 内蒙古自治区电力科学研究院 | Four-quadrant multilevel current-source converter with main circuit based on thyristor |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103138592B (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-04-27 | 西安杰能电力科技股份有限公司 | A kind of AC-AC frequency converter system utilizing phase shifting transformer to improve |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101615884A (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2009-12-30 | 上海电力学院 | The cascade speed regulator with high power factor of phase-shifting chopped waves |
| CN102710154A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-10-03 | 内蒙古自治区电力科学研究院 | Four-quadrant multilevel current-source converter with main circuit based on thyristor |
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| Title |
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| 《多级注入式电流源型变换器》;杨宝峰;《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库（硕士）工程科技II辑》;20070415(第4期);全文 * |
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