A kind of antenna
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, more particularly to a kind of antenna.
Background technology
At present, wifi (Wireless Fidelity, Wireless Fidelity) technology is just from 11b/g/n patterns to 11ac pattern mistakes
Cross, 11ac patterns can work in two frequency ranges of 5GHz and 2.4GHz.Therefore in order to meet present wifi demands, terminal is set
Standby upper antenna must have multifrequency performance, you can be used in 2.4GHz frequency ranges and 5GHz frequency ranges.
A kind of existing multifrequency antenna, the antenna includes two metal radiation arms, and two metal radiation arms be arranged in parallel, its
In a metal radiation arm produce resonance in the first frequency band, its frequency band can cover 2.4G frequency ranges;Another metal wire is
Resonance is produced in two frequency bands, its frequency band can cover 5G frequency ranges.
But because two metal radiation arms in above-mentioned antenna are using rectangle or the structure of column, the pole of antenna
Change mode is single, influences the application of antenna.
The content of the invention
In order to solve problem of the prior art, the embodiments of the invention provide a kind of antenna.The technical scheme is as follows:
In a first aspect, the embodiments of the invention provide a kind of antenna, the antenna includes:First radiation arm and the second radiation
Arm, the antenna also include:Balun unit, the balun unit respectively with one end of first radiation arm and described second
One end connection of radiation arm, the balun unit are provided with signal feed-in point and earth point, first radiation arm and described the
Two radiation arms gradually increase from the one end being connected with the balun unit to the other end respectively, or first radiation arm and institute
State the second radiation arm respectively from one end that the balun unit is connected to other end first increases and then decreases;
The balun unit includes:Balun portion, the first linking arm and the second linking arm, one end of first linking arm are consolidated
It is scheduled in the balun portion, the other end of first linking arm is connected with first radiation arm, second linking arm
One end is fixed in the balun portion, and the other end of second linking arm is connected with second radiation arm, and described first connects
Connect arm and second linking arm be arranged in parallel, the signal is respectively equipped with first linking arm and second linking arm
Load point and the earth point;
The balun portion is provided with groove, and the groove includes connected vertical groove and transverse concave groove, described vertical recessed
Groove is connected to the middle part or end of the transverse concave groove, and the transverse concave groove is rectangle, first linking arm and described
Two linking arms are connected to the opening both sides of the vertical groove, and the length of the transverse concave groove is the electrical length of λ/4.
In the first possible embodiment of first aspect, first radiation arm and second radiation arm are three
Angular, trapezoidal, oval or rhombus.
According to the first possible embodiment of first aspect, second in first aspect can possible embodiment
In, first radiation arm and second radiation arm are sheet metal, hollow out in the middle part of the sheet metal.
According to the first possible embodiment of first aspect, in the third possible embodiment of first aspect
In, first radiation arm and second radiation arm are joined end to end by more serpentines form respectively.
In the 4th kind of possible embodiment of first aspect, the shape of first radiation arm and second radiation arm
Shape is symmetrically or non-symmetrically.
In the 5th kind of possible embodiment of first aspect, weldering is provided with the signal feed-in point and the earth point
Disk, the balun unit are connected by the pad with coaxial line.
In the 6th kind of possible embodiment of first aspect, the balun portion is rectangle, circle or ellipse.
In the 7th kind of possible embodiment of first aspect, first linking arm and second linking arm difference
For rectangle, circle or ellipse.
According to the possible embodiment of the first of first aspect or first aspect into the 7th kind of possible embodiment
One kind, in the 8th kind of possible embodiment of first aspect, the antenna is flat plane antenna or dimensional antenna.
According to the possible embodiment of the first of first aspect or first aspect into the 7th kind of possible embodiment
One kind, in the 9th kind of possible embodiment of first aspect, the antenna is metal plate antennas or printed antenna.
Antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes the first radiation arm, balun unit and the second radiation arm, the first radiation arm
Gradually increase to the other end from one end that balun unit is connected respectively with the second radiation arm, or the first radiation arm and the second spoke
Penetrate arm respectively from one end that balun unit is connected to other end first increases and then decreases, therefore the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm
Surface current flow direction can decomposite horizontal component and vertical component, i.e., the antenna includes horizontal and vertical two kinds of polarization sides
Formula, avoid the problem of the Research of Antenna Polarization is single.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, make required in being described below to embodiment
Accompanying drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, other can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings
Accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation for the antenna that the embodiment of the present invention one provides;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation for the antenna that the embodiment of the present invention two provides;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation for the antenna that the embodiment of the present invention two provides;
Fig. 4 is the return loss and frequency relation figure for the antenna that the embodiment of the present invention two provides;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation for the antenna that the embodiment of the present invention three provides.
Embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to embodiment party of the present invention
Formula is described in further detail.
Embodiment one
The embodiments of the invention provide a kind of antenna, and referring to Fig. 1, the antenna includes:
First radiation arm 101, the radiation arm 102 of balun unit 103 and second, balun unit 103 respectively with the first radiation arm
101 one end and the connection of one end of the second radiation arm 102, balun unit 103 are provided with signal feed-in point and earth point, and first
The radiation arm 102 of radiation arm 101 and second gradually increases from one end that balun unit 103 is connected to the other end respectively, Huo Zhe
One radiation arm 101 and the second radiation arm 102 respectively from one end that balun unit 103 is connected to other end first increases and then decreases.
Antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes the first radiation arm, balun unit and the second radiation arm, the first radiation arm
Gradually increase to the other end from one end that balun unit is connected respectively with the second radiation arm, due to the first radiation arm and the second spoke
Penetrate arm gradually to increase, therefore the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm surface current flow direction can decomposite horizontal component and hang down
Straight component, the i.e. antenna include horizontal and vertical two kinds of polarization modes, simultaneously as aerial radiation arm gradually increases, on the one hand,
So that the induction reactance and dielectric loss of aerial radiation arm diminish, and then it is small to cause antenna current to be lost, and current strength is big, so
Radiation efficiency is high, on the other hand, because aerial radiation arm gradually increases so that antenna aperture increase, so ensures that antenna exists
2.4GHz and 5GHz have large bandwidth.
Embodiment two
The embodiments of the invention provide a kind of antenna, and referring to Fig. 2, the antenna includes:
First radiation arm 201, the radiation arm 203 of balun unit 202 and second, balun unit 202 respectively with the first radiation arm
201 one end and the connection of one end of the second radiation arm 203, balun unit 202 are provided with signal feed-in point and earth point, and first
The radiation arm 203 of radiation arm 201 and second gradually increases from one end that balun unit 202 is connected to the other end respectively.
Specifically, the first radiation arm 201 and the second radiation arm 203 include fixing end 2A and relative with fixing end 2A respectively
Free end 2B, fixing end 2A are connected with balun unit 202, and the first radiation arm 201 and the second radiation arm 203 are respectively from fixing end 2A
Gradually increase to free end 2B.
Referring to Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the first radiation arm 201 and the second radiation arm 203 are laminated structure, and first radiates
The radiation arm 203 of arm 201 and second is shaped as triangle.In other embodiments of the invention, the first radiation arm 201 and second
Radiation arm 203 can also be trapezoidal or other irregular figures.
Referring to Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the first radiation arm 201 and the second radiation arm 203 are respectively triangle metal piece,
And hollow out in the middle part of sheet metal.The hollow out includes but is not limited to the triangle shown in Fig. 2.Do not influenceing the same of resonant frequency characteristic
When, set hollow parts to reduce antenna materials, reduce cost, moreover it is possible to mitigate antenna weights.Certainly, the hollow out designs not
It is necessary.
In another embodiment of the invention, the first radiation arm 201 and the second radiation arm 203 are triangle, the triangle
Three sides be three serpentines.
Further, the first radiation arm 201 and the second radiation arm 203 can also have other implementations.Wherein, the first spoke
Penetrating the shape of the radiation arm 203 of arm 201 and second be able to can also both be differed with identical.First radiation arm 201 and the second radiation arm
203 can both be designed to symmetric form, can also be designed to unsymmetric form.
Further, balun unit 202 includes:First linking arm 2021, the second linking arm 2023 and balun portion 2022, should
One end of first linking arm 2021 is fixed in balun portion 2022, the other end of the first linking arm 2021 and the first radiation arm 201
Connection, one end of the second linking arm 2023 are fixed in balun portion 2022, the other end of the second linking arm 2023 and the second radiation
Arm 203 connects, and the first linking arm 2021 and the second linking arm 2023 be arranged in parallel, the first linking arm 2021 and the second linking arm
Be respectively equipped with 2023 signal feed-in point and.Such as:First linking arm 2021 is provided with signal feed-in point, the second linking arm 2023
It is provided with earth point;Or first linking arm 2021 be provided with earth point, the second linking arm 2023 is provided with signal feed-in point.On
The position of signal feed-in point and earth point on the first linking arm 2021 and the second linking arm 2023 is stated, can be carried out as needed
Set.
Further, pad is provided with the signal feed-in point of balun unit 202 and earth point, balun unit 202 passes through
Pad is connected with coaxial line.The coaxial line is used to be grounded and feed, and pad can play fixed work to coaxial cable or microstrip line
With.In another implementation, it can also be grounded and feed using microstrip line, now microstrip line can be printed directly on day
On the circuit board of line.
Further, groove is provided among balun portion 2022, the groove includes connected vertical groove A and transverse concave groove B,
Wherein, transverse concave groove B direction is identical with the bearing of trend of foregoing fixing end to free end, and the first linking arm 2021 and second connects
Connect the opening both sides that arm 2023 is connected to vertical groove A, and transverse concave groove B length is the electrical length of λ/4.As shown in Fig. 2
In the present embodiment, vertical the groove A and transverse concave groove B are orthogonal.In a further embodiment, the groove can be by
Two directions and all irregular groove of shape are formed, it is necessary to which what is ensured is that electric current flows to ground connection from signal feed-in point by the groove
The distance that point passes through is about the electrical length of λ/2.
Wherein, balun unit 202 both can be symmetric form or unsymmetric form.The unsymmetric form both may be used
Be the first linking arm and the second linking arm it is asymmetric setting or balun portion be asymmetrical in shape in itself.
Referring to Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the first linking arm 2021, the second linking arm 2023 and balun portion 2022 are square
Shape.In other embodiments of the invention, balun portion 2022 can also be circular, ellipse or other figures, the first linking arm
2021 and second linking arm 2023 can also be circular, oval or other figures.
The effect of balun unit is to make to reach between signal feed-in point and earth point feed balance, below using coaxial cable as
The operation principle of above-mentioned balun unit 202 is introduced example:
Coaxial cable category unbalanced line, if coaxial cable is directly connected with antenna, the crust of coaxial cable is just
There is Leakage Current to flow through, the Leakage Current is identical with signal feed-in point electric current.And coaxial cable transmission principle is pressed, high frequency electric should
In coaxial cable internal flow, crust is screen layer, is no electric current.If crust has electric current flowing, antenna will be influenceed
Radiation, because the crust of coaxial cable has also assisted in the radiation of electric wave.Therefore, in order to avoid the above situation it is necessary in antenna and
Balun unit is added between coaxial cable, so as to realize feed balance, feed balance refers to the electricity of signal feed-in point and earth point
Flow equal in magnitude, opposite in phase.Because electric current is along the flows outside of balun unit 202, therefore the electric current edge of signal feed-in point
The groove for balun portion 2022 flows to earth point, and because the length of transverse concave groove is the electrical length of λ/4, therefore electric current is from signal feed-in
The distance that point flows to earth point process by the groove is about the electrical length of λ/2, and when electric current passes through λ/2 electrical length, its phase
Electric current with signal feed-in point with earth point coaxial cable crust Leakage Current on the contrary, can thus neutralize.It is worth explanation
That the distance that electric current flows through in above process is difficult essentially equal with λ/2 electrical length, if in actual design by this away from
From being designed near the electrical length of λ/2.
Antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention can be the metal plate antennas made of same metal, you can using metal
Integration is stamped to form, and laser direct structuring technique can also be used to realize;The antenna, which can also be, is printed on PCB (Printed
Circuit Board, printed circuit board) on printed antenna.
Further, the antenna is particularly suitable for use in mobile terminal, and the fixed form of antenna can beat hot melt hole, structural member
Neck fixation etc..In order to facilitate the installation and fixation of antenna, the flexible feature of antenna can be utilized, is designed to and mobile terminal
Miscellaneous part it is conformal, i.e., the antenna both can be flat plane antenna or dimensional antenna.For example the surface of installation position is
Arc, then antenna surface can make curved profile and the installation position is conformal.Further, the antenna is except above-mentioned planar fashion
The three-dimensional pattern formed with laminated structure, can also use tridimensional structure, such as the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm are set
Count into the forms such as cone.
Referring to Fig. 3, in one implementation, the size and dimension of the antenna is as follows:
Antenna uses symmetric design, and beam overall 44mm, the first radiation arm 201 and the second radiation arm 203 are triangle, and the
The Breadth Maximum of one radiation arm 201 and the second radiation arm 203 is 10mm, between the first radiation arm 201 and the second radiation arm 203 between
Away from for 2mm, a length of 7.5mm of the first linking arm 2021 and the second linking arm 2023, rumba portion is rectangle, wide 7mm, transverse concave groove
The long 15mm of B.
Fig. 4 is the S11 (return loss, one kind in antenna S parameter) and frequency using the antenna of above-mentioned shape and size
Graph of a relation, abscissa is frequency in figure, and unit is GHz, is S11 from coordinate, and unit is dBa, and S11 is represented with dBa values, is generally set
Require that S11 should be less than -10dBa when counting antenna, the frequency values for being S11 as seen from the figure less than -10dBa have 2.2446GHz~
2.5735GHz 5.0732GHz~6.9094GHz.Calculated and understood according to (2.5735-2.2446)/2.4, antenna is in 2.4G frequency ranges
The bandwidth at place has reached 13.8%, is calculated and understood according to (6.9094-5.0732)/5, antenna reaches in the bandwidth of 5G frequency ranges
36.6%, therefore the antenna can take into account two wifi frequency ranges simultaneously, and bandwidth is sufficient, efficiency high.
Antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes the first radiation arm, balun unit and the second radiation arm, the first radiation arm
Gradually increase to the other end from one end that balun unit is connected respectively with the second radiation arm, therefore the first radiation arm and the second spoke
Horizontal component and vertical component can be decomposited by penetrating arm surface current flow direction, i.e., the antenna includes horizontal and vertical two kinds of pole
Change mode, simultaneously as aerial radiation arm gradually increases, on the one hand, so that the induction reactance and dielectric loss of aerial radiation arm are equal
Diminish, and then it is small to cause antenna current to be lost, current strength is big, so radiation efficiency is high, on the other hand, due to aerial radiation arm
Gradually increase causes antenna aperture increase, so ensures that antenna has large bandwidth in 2.4GHz and 5GHz.
Embodiment three
The embodiments of the invention provide a kind of antenna, and referring to Fig. 5, the antenna includes:
First radiation arm 301, the radiation arm 303 of balun unit 302 and second, balun unit 302 respectively with the first radiation arm
301 one end and the connection of one end of the second radiation arm 303, balun unit 302 are provided with signal feed-in point and earth point, and first
The radiation arm 303 of radiation arm 301 and second respectively from one end that balun unit 302 is connected to other end first increases and then decreases.
Specifically, the first radiation arm 301 and the second radiation arm 303 include fixing end 3A and relative with fixing end 3A respectively
Free end 3B, fixing end 3A are connected with balun unit 302, and the first radiation arm 301 and the second radiation arm 303 are respectively from fixing end 3A
To free end 3B first increases and then decreases.
Referring to Fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the first radiation arm 301 and the second radiation arm 303 are laminated structure, and first radiates
The radiation arm 303 of arm 301 and second is shaped as rhombus.In other embodiments of the invention, the first radiation arm 301 and the second spoke
It can also be ellipse or other irregular figures to penetrate arm 303.
Referring to Fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the first radiation arm 301 and the second radiation arm 303 are respectively diamond-type metal piece, and
Hollow out in the middle part of sheet metal.The hollow out includes but is not limited to the rhombus shown in Fig. 5.While resonant frequency characteristic is not influenceed, if
Antenna materials can be reduced by putting hollow parts, reduce cost, moreover it is possible to mitigate antenna weights.Certainly, the hollow out design be not must
Must.
In another embodiment of the invention, the first radiation arm 301 and the second radiation arm 303 are rhombus, the four of the rhombus
Side is four serpentines.
Further, the first radiation arm 301 and the second radiation arm 303 can also have other implementations.Wherein, the first spoke
Penetrating the shape of the radiation arm 303 of arm 301 and second be able to can also both be differed with identical.First radiation arm 301 and the second radiation arm
303 can both be designed to symmetric form, can also be designed to unsymmetric form.
Further, balun unit 302 includes:First linking arm 3021, the second linking arm 3023 and balun portion 3022, should
One end of first linking arm 3021 is fixed in balun portion 3022, the other end of the first linking arm 3021 and the first radiation arm 301
Connection, one end of the second linking arm 3023 are fixed in balun portion 3022, the other end of the second linking arm 3023 and the second radiation
Arm 303 connects, and the first linking arm 3021 and the second linking arm 3023 be arranged in parallel, the first linking arm 3021 and the second linking arm
Signal feed-in point and earth point are respectively equipped with 3023.Such as:First linking arm 2021 is provided with signal feed-in point, the second connection
Arm 2023 is provided with earth point;Or first linking arm 2021 be provided with earth point, the second linking arm 2023 is presented provided with signal
Access point.The position on the first linking arm 2021 and the second linking arm 2023 of above-mentioned signal feed-in point and earth point, Ke Yigen
It is configured according to needs.
Further, pad is provided with the signal feed-in point of balun unit 302 and earth point, balun unit 302 passes through
Pad is connected with coaxial line.The coaxial line is used to be grounded and feed, and pad can play fixed work to coaxial cable or microstrip line
With.In another implementation, it can also be grounded and feed using microstrip line, now microstrip line can be printed directly on day
On the circuit board of line.
Further, groove is provided among balun portion 3022, the groove includes connected vertical groove A and transverse concave groove B,
Transverse concave groove B direction is identical with the bearing of trend of foregoing fixing end to free end, the first linking arm 3021 and the second linking arm
3023 are connected to vertical groove A opening both sides, and transverse concave groove B length is the electrical length of λ/4.As shown in figure 5, this reality
Apply in example, vertical the groove A and transverse concave groove B are orthogonal.In a further embodiment, the groove can be by two sides
To and shape all irregular grooves form, it is necessary to which what is ensured is that electric current flows to earth point by the groove from signal feed-in point and passed through
Distance be about the electrical length of λ/2.
Wherein, balun unit 302 both can be symmetric form or unsymmetric form.The unsymmetric form both may be used
Be the first linking arm and the second linking arm it is asymmetric setting or balun portion be asymmetrical in shape in itself.
Referring to Fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the first linking arm 3021, the second linking arm 3023 and balun portion 3022 are square
Shape.In other embodiments of the invention, balun portion 3022 can also be circular, ellipse or other figures, the first linking arm
3021 and second linking arm 3023 can also be circular, oval or other figures.
Antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention can be the metal plate antennas made of same metal, you can using metal
Integration is stamped to form, and laser direct structuring technique can also be used to realize;The antenna can also be the printing being printed on PCB
Antenna.
Further, the antenna is particularly suitable for use in mobile terminal, and the fixed form of antenna can beat hot melt hole, structural member
Neck fixation etc..In order to facilitate the installation and fixation of antenna, the flexible feature of antenna can be utilized, is designed to and mobile terminal
Miscellaneous part it is conformal, i.e., the antenna both can be flat plane antenna or dimensional antenna.For example the surface of installation position is
Arc, then antenna surface can make curved profile and the installation position is conformal.Further, the antenna is except above-mentioned planar fashion
The three-dimensional pattern formed with laminated structure, can also use tridimensional structure, such as the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm are set
Count into the forms such as gyro.
Antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes the first radiation arm, balun unit and the second radiation arm, the first radiation arm
With the second radiation arm respectively from one end that balun unit is connected to other end first increases and then decreases, therefore the first radiation arm and
Two radiation arm surface current flow directions can decomposite horizontal component and vertical component, i.e., the antenna includes horizontal and vertical two
Kind polarization mode, simultaneously as aerial radiation arm first increases, on the one hand, so that the induction reactance and dielectric loss of aerial radiation arm
Diminish, and then it is small to cause antenna current to be lost, current strength is big, so radiation efficiency is high, on the other hand, due to aerial radiation
Arm first increases so that antenna aperture increase, so ensures that antenna has large bandwidth in 2.4GHz and 5GHz.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., it should be included in the scope of the protection.