CN104573206A - Profile steel section thermal shape and size design method based on finite element thermal coupling - Google Patents
Profile steel section thermal shape and size design method based on finite element thermal coupling Download PDFInfo
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- CN104573206A CN104573206A CN201410829610.2A CN201410829610A CN104573206A CN 104573206 A CN104573206 A CN 104573206A CN 201410829610 A CN201410829610 A CN 201410829610A CN 104573206 A CN104573206 A CN 104573206A
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Abstract
The invention provides a profile steel section thermal shape and size design method based on finite element thermal coupling. The method comprises the following steps: (1) performing a thermal physical performance experiment on a profile steel material; (2) modeling a cold section of profile steel; (3) assigning a value to the property of profile steel material; (4) building a finite element analysis model; (5) performing thermal coupling analysis; (6) performing post-processing on a thermal coupling analysis result to obtain the strain of a unit node; (7) drawing a profile steel thermal section according to the thermal strain of the unit node on a profile steel section contour to obtain thermal shape and size of the profile steel section. According to the design method, a cooling process after hot rolling of the profile steel is equivalent to a heating process, and the thermal shape and size are obtained according to the profile steel section cold shape and size based on finite element thermal coupling analysis, so that the influence of the temperature on the profile steel shape and size is considered fully, the defects of inaccurate calculation of the conventional experience formula and the like are overcome, the accuracy of groove design and one-time success rate of product development can be increased, the development period of a product is shortened, and the development cost is lowered.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hot-rolled steel section technical field, relate to hole type design Shaped Steel finished product cross dimensions method for designing, be specifically related to the hot geomery method for designing of a kind of sectional shape based on finite element Thermal-mechanical Coupling.
Background technology
The design of the hot geomery of shaped steel finished product section is the important step of Pass design, belongs to hot-rolled steel section technical field.After shaped steel hot rolling, rolled piece has uniform temperature, and section temperature is uneven, impact is existed on finished size and section configuration, make the cold and hot geomery of finished product section inconsistent, and the correct hot geomery of design finished product section is the important evidence of carrying out last groove design, it is also the important leverage of the shaped steel product obtaining size qualification.
At present, in Pass design, empirical value method is mainly adopted to the design of hot section configuration, use simple Linear Empirical to calculate the hot geomery of shaped steel finished product section.Because the impact of temperature on size has the non-linear of complexity, experience computational accuracy is low, can not fully temperature of reaction on the impact of each hot size of section, and the feature dimensions of local cannot be calculated, especially for the deformed steel of compound section, because spot temperature each after hot rolling is uneven, in cooling procedure, the cooling condition at each position also different (each position also exists radiation heat transfer between different with radiation heat transfer from the convection current of surrounding environment, each position), causes the impact of temperature on shape, size remarkable.
In order to abundant temperature of reaction is on the impact of beam steel shape, size, the hot geomery of correct design shaped steel finished product section, need to propose high, the easy hot geomery method for designing of shaped steel finished product section of a kind of computational accuracy, and the related data using finite element method to design the hot geomery of shaped steel finished product section does not also have open.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the hot geomery method for designing of a kind of sectional shape based on finite element Thermal-mechanical Coupling, and simple and practical, computational accuracy is high, shortens the design cycle.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, embodiments of the invention provide a kind of sectional shape based on finite element Thermal-mechanical Coupling hot geomery method for designing, comprise the steps:
(1) thermophysical property experiment is carried out to section steel material, obtain the thermo-physical performance parameters required for finite element coupled thermal mechanical;
(2) the cold section modeling of shaped steel: according to the shape of shaped steel finished product, size and tolerance thereof, uses 2D/3D modeling software to set up the cold sectional model of shaped steel;
(3) section steel material attribute assignment: according to the thermo-physical performance parameters obtained in the requirement of finite element software and step (1), assignment is carried out to the material properties of shaped steel;
(4) foundation of shaped steel cold section finite element analysis model: import in finite element software by cold for shaped steel sectional model, after setting unit type, carries out stress and strain model, sets up the finite element analysis model of the cold section of shaped steel;
(5) coupled thermal mechanical: the cooling procedure equivalence after shaped steel hot rolling is become heating process, according to the finishing temperature of reality, choose shaped steel outside surface cell node and carry out thermal source loading, and conditions setting and starting condition, then utilize finite element software to carry out coupled thermal mechanical to the heating process of sectional shape;
(6) aftertreatment is carried out to coupled thermal mechanical result, obtain under finishing temperature, the strain of each cell node of sectional shape, the strain of the cell node especially on appearance profile;
(7) according to the position after cell node thermal strain on the appearance profile of sectional shape, draw the hot section of shaped steel, obtain the hot geomery of sectional shape.
Wherein, the thermo-physical performance parameters obtained in described step (1) comprises elastic modulus, specific heat, coefficient of heat conductivity and thermal expansivity.
Wherein, the modeling software selected in described step (2) is CAD software, and the change approaches uniformity of the temperature gone up along its length due to shaped steel and geomery, only modeling is carried out to arbitrary section of shaped steel.
Wherein, in described step (5), the cooling procedure equivalence after shaped steel hot rolling is become heating process, refer to the inverse process contraction of cooling procedure Shaped Steel section after hot rolling being heated to the expansion of finishing temperature section as shaped steel.
Wherein, finishing temperature, boundary condition and starting condition in described step (5) are determined by the concrete process for cooling in production scene and rolling mill practice.
Wherein, in described step (4), stress and strain model follows following principle: according to similar temperature region and cooling condition after finish to gauge, split by cold for shaped steel section, be divided into multiple, have close finishing temperature and cooling condition in the same face; For ensureing grid homogeneity and simulation accurately, the face being divided into multiple rule as much as possible, mapping being carried out to the face of rule and divides, free division is carried out to irregular face; And refinement is carried out to the grid of the larger position of fillet, turning and thermograde;
In described step (5), according to the face divided in step (4), the shaped steel outside surface cell node of the same face carries out the thermal source loading of identical temperature, same boundary conditions and starting condition and arranges.
The beneficial effect of technique scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Cooling procedure equivalence after shaped steel hot rolling is become the heating process of shaped steel by the present invention, based on finite element coupled thermal mechanical, hot geomery is obtained by the cold geomery of sectional shape, the method takes into full account the impact of temperature on beam steel shape, size, improves the drawbacks such as the calculating out of true of current experimental formula.The present invention, in the performance history of hot-rolled steel section product, can improve the accuracy of hole type design and the one-time success rate of product development, shortens the construction cycle of product, and then reduces cost of development, improves economy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is method for designing process flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the cold sectional model figure of the embodiment of the present invention one Shaped Steel;
Fig. 3 is the finite element model figure after the cold section stress and strain model of the embodiment of the present invention one Shaped Steel;
Fig. 4 is the temperature field schematic diagram of sectional shape after coupled thermal mechanical in the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 5 is the hot and cold section comparison diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one Shaped Steel;
Fig. 6 is each cell node location drawing on the embodiment of the present invention one Shaped Steel section;
Fig. 7 be the embodiment of the present invention one Shaped Steel section appearance profile on the thermal strain shift value of each cell node;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the hot section of the embodiment of the present invention one Shaped Steel.
Embodiment
For making the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly, be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, the hot geomery method for designing of a kind of sectional shape based on finite element Thermal-mechanical Coupling, comprises the steps:
(1) thermophysical property experiment is carried out to section steel material, obtain the thermo-physical performance parameters such as density of material, Poisson ratio, temperature variant elastic modulus, specific heat, coefficient of heat conductivity and the thermal expansivity required for finite element coupled thermal mechanical;
(2) the cold section modeling of shaped steel: according to the shape of shaped steel finished product, size and tolerance thereof, uses 2D/3D modeling software to set up the cold sectional model of shaped steel;
Wherein, the modeling software selected is CAD software, and the change approaches uniformity of the temperature gone up along its length due to shaped steel and geomery, only modeling is carried out to arbitrary section of shaped steel.
(3) section steel material attribute assignment: according to the thermo-physical performance parameters obtained in the requirement of finite element software and step (1), assignment is carried out to the material properties of shaped steel;
(4) foundation of shaped steel cold section finite element analysis model: import in finite element software by cold for shaped steel sectional model, after setting unit type, carries out stress and strain model, sets up the finite element analysis model of the cold section of shaped steel;
Wherein, stress and strain model follows following principle: according to similar temperature region and cooling condition after finish to gauge, is split by cold for shaped steel section, is divided into multiple, have close finishing temperature and cooling condition in the same face; For ensureing grid homogeneity and simulation accurately, the face being divided into multiple rule as much as possible, map grids division is carried out to the face of rule, (free mesh is used for Space Free-Form Surface and complicated entity, adopts triangle, quadrilateral, tetrahedron to divide to carry out free mesh to irregular face; Map grids division is the stress and strain model in curve, curved surface, entity, adopts triangle, quadrilateral, tetrahedron, pentahedron and hexahedron to divide.Map and divide only for the geometric graphic element of rule.); And refinement (refinement refers to the position larger to thermograde, and reduce size of mesh opening, this size is traditionally arranged to be 1/5 ~ 1/3 of regular surface grids, is preferably generally 1/4) is carried out to the grid of the larger position of fillet, turning and thermograde.
(5) coupled thermal mechanical: the cooling procedure equivalence after shaped steel hot rolling is become heating process, according to the finishing temperature of reality, choose shaped steel outside surface cell node and carry out thermal source loading, and conditions setting and starting condition, then utilize finite element software to carry out coupled thermal mechanical to the heating process of sectional shape;
Wherein, finishing temperature, boundary condition and starting condition are determined by the concrete process for cooling in production scene and rolling mill practice.
Further, according to the face divided in step (4), the shaped steel outside surface cell node of the same face carries out the thermal source loading of identical temperature, same boundary conditions and starting condition and arranges.
In this step (5), the cooling procedure equivalence after shaped steel hot rolling is become heating process, refer to the inverse process contraction of cooling procedure Shaped Steel section after hot rolling being heated to the expansion of finishing temperature section as shaped steel.
(6) aftertreatment is carried out to coupled thermal mechanical result, obtain under finishing temperature, the strain of each cell node of sectional shape, the strain of the cell node especially on appearance profile;
(7) according to the position after cell node thermal strain on the appearance profile of sectional shape, draw the hot section of shaped steel, obtain the hot geomery of sectional shape.
Embodiment one: below for GB Q235B hot rolling 20# channel-section steel, be described in further detail technical scheme of the present invention.
Step based on the 20# channel-section steel section hot geomery method for designing of finite element Thermal-mechanical Coupling is as follows:
(101) thermophysical property experiment is carried out to 20# channel-section steel material Q235B, obtain the thermo-physical performance parameters such as density of material, Poisson ratio, elastic modulus, specific heat, coefficient of heat conductivity and the thermal expansivity required for finite element coupled thermal mechanical, as following table 1.
The thermo-physical performance parameters of table 1 section steel material Q235B
(102) the cold section modeling of shaped steel: according to the shape of 20# channel-section steel, size and tolerance thereof, uses CAD software to set up the cold sectional model of 20# channel-section steel, as shown in Figure 2, and a=200, b=7, c=73, d=33, e=11, R
1=11, R
2=5.5.
(103) section steel material attribute assignment: run finite element analysis software ANSYS, according to the thermo-physical performance parameters obtained in the requirement of FEM-software ANSYS and step (1), carries out assignment to the material properties of 20# channel-section steel;
(104) foundation of shaped steel cold section finite element analysis model: import in FEM-software ANSYS by cold for 20# channel-section steel sectional model, after setting unit type, carries out stress and strain model, obtains the finite element model figure after stress and strain model as shown in Figure 3.
Wherein, stress and strain model follows following principle: according to similar temperature region and cooling condition after finish to gauge, is split by cold for shaped steel section, is divided into multiple, have close finishing temperature and cooling condition in the same face; For ensureing grid homogeneity and simulation accurately, the face being divided into multiple rule as much as possible, carries out map grids division to the face of rule, carries out free mesh to irregular face; And refinement (size of mesh opening is 1/4 of regular surface grids) is carried out to the grid of the larger position of fillet, turning and thermograde.For free mesh, one or more grids in triangle, quadrilateral, tetrahedron are adopted to divide; Map grids divides and adopts triangle, quadrilateral, tetrahedron, pentahedron and one or more grids hexahedral to divide.
In the present embodiment, 20# channel-section steel is divided in order to 3 faces such as R angle, leg and waists, be set as having identical finishing temperature and cooling condition in each face, leg and waist are regular face (preferred rectangular surfaces), and the thermograde in this region is less, grid is comparatively thick, carries out mapping and divides; R angle is irregular, and the thermograde in this region is comparatively large, and grid is comparatively thin, carries out free division.
(105) coupled thermal mechanical: the cooling procedure equivalence after the hot rolling of 20# channel-section steel is become heating process, according to on-the-spot air cooling condition setting boundary condition, according to finishing temperature requirement, in finite element model figure R bight, leg and waist three regions set respectively finishing temperature 770 DEG C, 750 DEG C, 750 DEG C, then utilize the heating process of FEM-software ANSYS to 20# channel-section steel section to carry out coupled thermal mechanical, the temperature field schematic diagram after coupled thermal mechanical as shown in Figure 4.
In above-mentioned steps, the initial temperature of all nodes of whole 20# channel-section steel is the same, because temperature when R angle, 3 the region finish to gauge of leg and waist is different, therefore the shaped steel outside surface cell node in 3 regions is set to the thermal source loading of 770 DEG C, 750 DEG C, 750 DEG C.
(106) aftertreatment is carried out to coupled thermal mechanical result, obtain under finishing temperature, the strain of each cell node of 20# channel-section steel section, the strain of the cell node especially on appearance profile;
Wherein, the hot and cold section comparison diagram of 20# channel-section steel as shown in Figure 5; On 20# channel-section steel section, the location drawing of each cell node as shown in Figure 6; On the appearance profile of 20# channel-section steel section, the thermal strain shift value of each cell node as shown in Figure 7.
(107) according to the position after cell node thermal strain on the appearance profile of 20# channel-section steel section, draw the hot section of 20# channel-section steel, as shown in Figure 8, obtain the hot geomery of 20# channel-section steel section, a '=202.43, b '=7.04, c '=74.03.
Cooling procedure equivalence after shaped steel hot rolling is become the heating process of shaped steel by the present invention, based on finite element coupled thermal mechanical, hot geomery is obtained by the cold geomery of sectional shape, the method takes into full account the impact of temperature on beam steel shape, size, improves the drawbacks such as the calculating out of true of current experimental formula.The present invention, in the performance history of hot-rolled steel section product, can improve the accuracy of hole type design and the one-time success rate of product development, shortens the construction cycle of product, and then reduces cost of development, improves economy.
It should be pointed out that the embodiment of the present invention only describes technical scheme for the 20# channel-section steel with regular cross-section, but the technical program is not merely applicable to channel-section steel, applicable equally for other shaped steel, deformed steel.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from principle of the present invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1., based on the hot geomery method for designing of sectional shape of finite element Thermal-mechanical Coupling, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) thermophysical property experiment is carried out to section steel material, obtain the thermo-physical performance parameters required for finite element coupled thermal mechanical;
(2) the cold section modeling of shaped steel: according to the shape of shaped steel finished product, size and tolerance thereof, uses 2D/3D modeling software to set up the cold sectional model of shaped steel;
(3) section steel material attribute assignment: according to the thermo-physical performance parameters obtained in the requirement of finite element software and step (1), assignment is carried out to the material properties of shaped steel;
(4) foundation of shaped steel cold section finite element analysis model: import in finite element software by cold for shaped steel sectional model, after setting unit type, carries out stress and strain model, sets up the finite element analysis model of the cold section of shaped steel;
(5) coupled thermal mechanical: the cooling procedure equivalence after shaped steel hot rolling is become heating process, according to the finishing temperature of reality, choose shaped steel outside surface cell node and carry out thermal source loading, and conditions setting and starting condition, then utilize finite element software to carry out coupled thermal mechanical to the heating process of sectional shape;
(6) aftertreatment is carried out to coupled thermal mechanical result, obtain under finishing temperature, the strain of each cell node of sectional shape, the strain of the cell node especially on appearance profile;
(7) according to the position after cell node thermal strain on the appearance profile of sectional shape, draw the hot section of shaped steel, obtain the hot geomery of sectional shape.
2. the hot geomery method for designing of the sectional shape based on finite element Thermal-mechanical Coupling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the thermo-physical performance parameters obtained in described step (1) comprises elastic modulus, specific heat, coefficient of heat conductivity and thermal expansivity.
3. the hot geomery method for designing of the sectional shape based on finite element Thermal-mechanical Coupling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the modeling software selected in described step (2) is CAD software, and the change approaches uniformity of the temperature gone up along its length due to shaped steel and geomery, only modeling is carried out to arbitrary section of shaped steel.
4. the hot geomery method for designing of the sectional shape based on finite element Thermal-mechanical Coupling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (5), the cooling procedure equivalence after shaped steel hot rolling is become heating process, refer to the inverse process contraction of cooling procedure Shaped Steel section after hot rolling being heated to the expansion of finishing temperature section as shaped steel.
5. the hot geomery method for designing of the sectional shape based on finite element Thermal-mechanical Coupling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, finishing temperature, boundary condition and starting condition in described step (5) are determined by the concrete process for cooling in production scene and rolling mill practice.
6. the hot geomery method for designing of the sectional shape based on finite element Thermal-mechanical Coupling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (4), stress and strain model follows following principle: according to similar temperature region and cooling condition after finish to gauge, cold for shaped steel section is split, be divided into multiple, there is in the same face close finishing temperature and cooling condition; For ensureing grid homogeneity and simulation accurately, the face being divided into multiple rule as much as possible, mapping being carried out to the face of rule and divides, free division is carried out to irregular face; And refinement is carried out to the grid of the larger position of fillet, turning and thermograde;
In described step (5), according to the face divided in step (4), the shaped steel outside surface cell node of the same face carries out the thermal source loading of identical temperature, same boundary conditions and starting condition and arranges.
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