CN104568646A - Underground rapid coal seam gas content measurement method - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种煤层瓦斯含量井下快速测定方法,包括以下步骤:在煤巷掘进工作面施工直径42mm、孔深14m的钻孔;钻孔每钻进1m测定该段的全部钻屑量S,每钻进2m测定一次K 1或Δh 2值,并选取实测数据的最大值作为该钻孔各项指标的最终测值;钻孔钻进至14m时,采用直接法测定煤层瓦斯含量W;运用灰关联方法确定S、K1或Δh2与煤层瓦斯含量W的关联程度;进一步测度对煤层瓦斯含量W影响最大的指标,同时同步测定煤层瓦斯含量W;对上述两者测定数据进行回归分析,确定两者数学模型;实现煤层瓦斯含量井下快速测定。本发明可快速进行区域突出预测及区域措施效果检验;可快速检验突出煤层工作面瓦斯抽采是否达标;有效避免低指标突出事故。
The invention relates to a method for quickly measuring the gas content of a coal seam underground, comprising the following steps: constructing a borehole with a diameter of 42 mm and a depth of 14 m on a coal roadway excavation face; measuring the total cuttings S of the section every 1 m of the borehole, Measure the K1 or Δh2 value every 2m, and select the maximum value of the measured data as the final measured value of each index of the borehole; when the borehole is drilled to 14m, use the direct method to measure the coal seam gas content W ; use The gray correlation method determines the degree of correlation between S, K1 or Δh2 and the coal seam gas content W ; further measures the index that has the greatest impact on the coal seam gas content W , and simultaneously measures the coal seam gas content W ; performs regression analysis on the above two measured data to determine the two or mathematical model; to achieve rapid underground determination of coal seam gas content. The invention can quickly carry out regional outburst prediction and regional measure effect inspection; can quickly check whether the gas drainage in the working face of the outburst coal seam reaches the standard; and effectively avoid low-indicator outburst accidents.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种煤层瓦斯含量测定方法,尤其是一种煤层瓦斯含量的井下快速测定方法。The invention relates to a coal seam gas content measurement method, in particular to a coal seam gas content fast underground measurement method.
背景技术Background technique
煤层瓦斯含量是矿井瓦斯储量计算与瓦斯涌出量预测的重要基础参数之一,也是煤与瓦斯突出区域预测、区域防突措施效果检验(《防治煤与瓦斯突出规定》,2009)以及煤矿瓦斯抽采是否达标的重要指标之一(《煤矿瓦斯抽采基本指标》,AQ 1026-2006),其准确、快速测定至关重要。The gas content of coal seams is one of the important basic parameters for the calculation of mine gas reserves and the prediction of gas emission. It is one of the important indicators of whether the drainage is up to standard ("Basic Indicators of Coal Mine Gas Drainage", AQ 1026-2006), and its accurate and rapid determination is very important.
目前,煤层瓦斯含量测定方法有两种:直接法、间接法。直接法依据《煤层瓦斯含量井下直接测定方法》(GB/T 23250-2009)进行,煤层瓦斯含量由三部分组成:①井下自然解吸瓦斯量—在井下现场采集煤样,并快速装入煤样罐,利用瓦斯解吸速度测定仪测定;②损失瓦斯量—利用图解法计算;③残存瓦斯量—利用真空脱气装置实验室测定;可以看出,直接法工艺复杂,设备要求高,一般需48小时以上的时间方可获得结果。间接法是依据《煤矿井下煤层瓦斯压力的直接测定方法》(AQ/T 1047-2007)现场测定煤层瓦斯压力,实验室测定吸附常数(a、b值)、工业分析指标(水分、灰分、挥发分)、煤的孔隙率及容重,通过公式计算得出煤层瓦斯含量;间接法耗时较长,一般需20天以上的时间,且部分矿井不具备井下直接测定煤层瓦斯压力的条件。At present, there are two methods for measuring coal seam gas content: direct method and indirect method. The direct method is carried out in accordance with the "Direct Measurement Method of Coal Seam Gas Content Underground" (GB/T 23250-2009). The coal seam gas content consists of three parts: ①Naturally desorbed gas in the well—Collection of coal samples at the underground site, and quickly put them into the coal samples Tank, measured by gas desorption speed tester; ② Lost gas amount—calculated by graphical method; ③ Residual gas amount——Used vacuum degassing device laboratory measurement; it can be seen that the direct method has complicated processes and high equipment requirements, generally requiring 48 It may take more than an hour for results to be obtained. The indirect method is to measure coal seam gas pressure on site according to "Direct Measurement Method of Underground Coal Seam Gas Pressure in Coal Mine" (AQ/T 1047-2007), and to measure adsorption constant (a, b value) and industrial analysis indicators (moisture, ash, volatilization, etc.) in the laboratory. Points), coal porosity and bulk density, the coal seam gas content is calculated by the formula; the indirect method takes a long time, usually more than 20 days, and some mines do not have the conditions to directly measure the coal seam gas pressure underground.
综上所述,上述方法无法满足现代化矿井瓦斯治理的需求,探索一种煤层瓦斯含量井下快速测定方法迫在眉睫,意义重大。In summary, the above methods cannot meet the needs of modern mine gas control, and it is imminent and meaningful to explore a rapid underground measurement method of coal seam gas content.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的:提供一种煤层瓦斯含量井下快速测定方法,以解决现有技术的缺陷。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rapid downhole measurement method of coal seam gas content to solve the defects of the prior art.
本发明的技术方案是:一种煤层瓦斯含量井下快速测定方法,如图1所示,包括以下步骤:The technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of coal seam gas content downhole fast measuring method, as shown in Figure 1, comprises the following steps:
①.在煤巷掘进工作面施工直径42mm、孔深14m的钻孔。①. Construct a borehole with a diameter of 42mm and a depth of 14m in the coal roadway excavation face.
对煤与瓦斯突出矿井而言,煤巷掘进工作面突出预测通常采用钻屑指标法,预测指标包括钻屑瓦斯解吸指标K1或Δh2(K1为煤样自煤体脱离暴露在大气中第1分钟内每克煤样的瓦斯解吸量,Δh2为从钻孔揭开某一采样段起,在煤样平衡压力卸除后的第4~5分钟的时间段内的瓦斯解吸量)、钻屑量S。在突出预测过程中,利用同一钻孔同步测试K1、Δh2、S与煤层瓦斯含量W,具体方法如下:For coal and gas outburst mines, the outburst prediction of coal roadway working face usually adopts the cuttings index method, and the prediction index includes the cuttings gas desorption index K 1 or Δh 2 (K 1 is the coal sample detached from the coal body and exposed to the atmosphere The amount of gas desorption per gram of coal sample in the first minute, Δh2 is the gas desorption amount in the period of 4 to 5 minutes after the equilibrium pressure of the coal sample is released from the drilling of a certain sampling section) , The amount of cuttings S. In the process of outburst prediction, the same borehole is used to simultaneously test K 1 , Δh 2 , S and coal seam gas content W. The specific method is as follows:
在近水平、缓倾斜煤层工作面应向前方煤体至少施工3个、在倾斜或急倾斜煤层至少施工2个直径42mm、孔深14m的钻孔。钻孔应尽可能布置在软分层中,一个钻孔位于掘进巷道断面中部,并平行于掘进方向,其他钻孔的终孔点应位于巷道断面两侧轮廓线外2~4m处,如图2所示。At least three drill holes with a diameter of 42mm and a depth of 14m should be constructed in the near-horizontal and gently inclined coal seam working face to the front coal body, and at least two drill holes with a diameter of 42mm and a hole depth of 14m should be constructed in the inclined or steeply inclined coal seam. The drill holes should be arranged in the soft layer as much as possible. One drill hole is located in the middle of the roadway section and parallel to the direction of excavation. The end point of the other drill holes should be located 2 to 4m outside the contour line on both sides of the roadway section, as shown in the figure 2.
②.钻孔每钻进1m测定该1m段的全部钻屑量S,每钻进2m测定K1和Δh2值,并选取实测数据的最大值作为该钻孔各项指标的最终测值。②. Measure the amount of cuttings S for every 1m of the borehole, measure the K1 and Δh2 values for every 2m of drilling, and select the maximum value of the measured data as the final measured value of each index of the borehole.
③.钻孔钻进至14m时,采用直接法测定煤层瓦斯含量W。③. When the borehole is drilled to 14m, the gas content W of the coal seam is measured by the direct method.
④.运用灰关联方法确定S、K1或Δh2与煤层瓦斯含量W的关联程度,选取W作为母因素,X0,S、Δh2、K1分别作为子因素X1、X2、X3,进行灰关联分析,具体步骤如下:④. Use the gray correlation method to determine the degree of correlation between S, K 1 or Δh 2 and the coal seam gas content W, select W as the parent factor, X 0 , S, Δh 2 , K 1 as sub-factors X 1 , X 2 , X 3. Carry out gray relational analysis, the specific steps are as follows:
(1)求灰色绝对关联度ε0i,令(1) Calculate the gray absolute correlation degree ε 0i , let
(2)求灰色相对关联度r0i,先求出Xi(i=0~4)的初值像( 2 ) To find the gray relative correlation degree r 0i , first find the initial value image of Xi ( i =0~4)
(3)求灰色综合关联度ρ0i,取θ=0.5,ρ0i=θε0i+(1-θ)r0i(i=0~4)(3) Find the gray comprehensive correlation degree ρ 0i , take θ=0.5, ρ 0i =θε 0i +(1-θ)r 0i (i=0~4)
(4)将关联度按由大到小的顺序排列构成关联序,反映出各子因素对母因素的影响力依次减弱,从而优选出最佳指标;(4) Arrange the degree of correlation in order from large to small to form a correlation sequence, reflecting that the influence of each sub-factor on the parent factor is weakened in turn, so as to optimize the best index;
根据上述步骤,计算得出各指标的综合关联度,确定对煤层瓦斯含量W影响最大的指标。According to the above steps, the comprehensive correlation degree of each index is calculated, and the index that has the greatest impact on the gas content W of the coal seam is determined.
⑤.进一步测度对煤层瓦斯含量W影响最大的指标,同时同步测定煤层瓦斯含量W;⑤. Further measure the index that has the greatest impact on the coal seam gas content W, and simultaneously measure the coal seam gas content W;
⑥.对上述两者测定数据进行回归分析,确定两者数学模型;⑥. Carry out regression analysis on the measurement data of the above two, and determine the mathematical model of the two;
⑦.实现煤层瓦斯含量井下快速测定。⑦. Realize rapid underground measurement of coal seam gas content.
本发明的有益效果:可快速进行区域突出预测及区域措施效果检验;可快速检验突出煤层工作面(包括石门(井筒)揭煤工作面、煤巷掘进工作面、采煤工作面)瓦斯抽采是否达标;在进行工作面突出预测时,可将煤层瓦斯含量作为辅助指标,有效避免低指标突出事故;与煤层瓦斯含量测定的直接法、间接法相比,钻屑瓦斯解吸指标K1测定时间仅需1小时左右。Beneficial effects of the present invention: regional outburst prediction and regional measure effect inspection can be carried out quickly; gas drainage can be quickly inspected on outburst coal seam working faces (including stone gate (well shaft) unraveling coal face, coal roadway excavation face, coal mining face) Whether it meets the standard; when predicting the outburst of the working face, the gas content of the coal seam can be used as an auxiliary index to effectively avoid outburst accidents with low indicators; It takes about 1 hour.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为煤层瓦斯含量井下快速测定方法流程图;Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the downhole rapid determination method of coal seam gas content;
图2为钻孔布置示意图,其中a为近水平、缓倾斜煤层煤巷掘进工作面钻屑指标法预测钻孔示意图;b为倾斜、急倾斜煤层煤巷掘进工作面钻屑指标法预测钻孔示意图;Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of drilling layout, in which a is a schematic diagram of drilling holes predicted by cuttings index method in tunneling working face of near horizontal and gently inclined coal seam; b is a schematic diagram of drilling hole predicted by cuttings index method in tunneling working face of inclined and steep coal seam schematic diagram;
图3为W与K1关系回归分析图。Figure 3 is a regression analysis diagram of the relationship between W and K1 .
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图及某煤矿的具体情况对本发明作进一步的描述:Below in conjunction with the specific situation of accompanying drawing and certain coal mine, the present invention will be further described:
图1是本发明一种煤层瓦斯含量井下快速测定方法的具体工艺流程图,本发明包括以下步骤:Fig. 1 is the concrete process flow diagram of a kind of coal seam gas content down-hole fast measuring method of the present invention, and the present invention comprises the following steps:
①.在煤巷掘进工作面施工直径42mm、孔深14m的钻孔。①. Construct a borehole with a diameter of 42mm and a depth of 14m in the coal roadway excavation face.
对煤与瓦斯突出矿井而言,煤巷掘进工作面突出预测通常采用钻屑指标法,预测指标包括钻屑瓦斯解吸指标K1或Δh2(K1为煤样自煤体脱离暴露在大气中第1分钟内每克煤样的瓦斯解吸量,Δh2为从钻孔揭开某一采样段起,在煤样平衡压力卸除后的第4~5分钟的时间段内的瓦斯解吸量)、钻屑量S。在突出预测过程中,利用同一钻孔同步测试K1、Δh2、S与煤层瓦斯含量W,具体方法如下:For coal and gas outburst mines, the outburst prediction of coal roadway working face usually adopts the cuttings index method, and the prediction index includes the cuttings gas desorption index K 1 or Δh 2 (K 1 is the coal sample detached from the coal body and exposed to the atmosphere The amount of gas desorption per gram of coal sample in the first minute, Δh2 is the gas desorption amount in the period of 4 to 5 minutes after the equilibrium pressure of the coal sample is released from the drilling of a certain sampling section) , The amount of cuttings S. In the process of outburst prediction, the same borehole is used to simultaneously test K 1 , Δh 2 , S and coal seam gas content W. The specific method is as follows:
在近水平、缓倾斜煤层工作面应向前方煤体至少施工3个、在倾斜或急倾斜煤层至少施工2个直径42mm、孔深14m的钻孔。钻孔应尽可能布置在软分层中,一个钻孔位于掘进巷道断面中部,并平行于掘进方向,其他钻孔的终孔点应位于巷道断面两侧轮廓线外2~4m处,如图2所示。At least three drill holes with a diameter of 42mm and a depth of 14m should be constructed in the near-horizontal and gently inclined coal seam working face to the front coal body, and at least two drill holes with a diameter of 42mm and a hole depth of 14m should be constructed in the inclined or steeply inclined coal seam. The drill holes should be arranged in the soft layer as much as possible. One drill hole is located in the middle of the excavation roadway section and parallel to the direction of excavation. The end point of the other drill holes should be located 2-4m outside the contour line on both sides of the roadway section, as shown in the figure 2.
②.钻孔每钻进1m测定该1m段的全部钻屑量S,每钻进2m测定一次K1或Δh2值,并选取实测数据的最大值作为该钻孔各项指标的最终测值。②. Measure the total amount of cuttings S of the 1m section every 1m of drilling, measure the K 1 or Δh 2 value every 2m of drilling, and select the maximum value of the actual measured data as the final measurement value of each index of the drilling .
对于某矿而言,某矿井下测定结果见表1。每个钻孔总钻进长度为14m,在此过程中:(1)钻孔每钻进1m测定该1m段的全部钻屑量S,共测得14个S,选取14个数据的最大值作为该钻孔S的最终测值,如1#钻孔S最大值为3.5;(2)钻孔每钻进2m测定一次K1及Δh2值,共测得7个K1值、7个Δh2值,分别选取7个数据的最大值作为该钻孔K1及Δh2的最终测值,如1#钻孔K1最大值为0.48、Δh2最大值为200。For a certain mine, the underground measurement results of a certain mine are shown in Table 1. The total drilling length of each borehole is 14m. During this process: (1) Measure the total amount of cuttings S in the 1m section of the drillhole every 1m. A total of 14 S are measured, and the maximum value of the 14 data is selected. As the final measured value of the borehole S, for example, the maximum value of the S of the 1# borehole is 3.5; (2) The K 1 and Δh 2 values are measured every 2m of the borehole, and a total of 7 K 1 values and 7 For the value of Δh 2 , the maximum value of 7 data is selected as the final measured value of the borehole K 1 and Δh 2 , for example, the maximum value of K 1 in the 1# borehole is 0.48, and the maximum value of Δh 2 is 200.
③.钻孔钻进至14m时,采用直接法测定煤层瓦斯含量W。③. When the borehole is drilled to 14m, the gas content W of the coal seam is measured by the direct method.
对于某矿而言,钻孔钻进至14m时,采用直接法测定煤层瓦斯含量W,每个钻孔只有1个W测值,如1#钻孔W测值为5.26。For a certain mine, when the borehole is drilled to 14m, the gas content W of the coal seam is measured by the direct method, and each borehole has only one W measurement value, such as the W measurement value of the 1# borehole is 5.26.
表1某矿煤层瓦斯含量及突出预测指标测定结果表Table 1 Determination results of coal seam gas content and outburst prediction indicators in a certain mine
④.运用灰关联方法确定S、K1或Δh2与煤层瓦斯含量W的关联程度;④. Use the gray correlation method to determine the degree of correlation between S, K1 or Δh2 and the coal seam gas content W;
选取W作为母因素,X0,S、Δh2、K1分别作为子因素X1、X2、X3,进行灰关联分析,各因素取值见表2。Select W as the parent factor, X 0 , S, Δh 2 , and K 1 as sub-factors X 1 , X 2 , and X 3 respectively, and conduct gray relational analysis. See Table 2 for the values of each factor.
灰关联分析具体步骤如下:The specific steps of gray relational analysis are as follows:
(1)求灰色绝对关联度(1) Calculate the gray absolute correlation degree
令make
计算结果见表3。The calculation results are shown in Table 3.
计算结果见表4。The calculation results are shown in Table 4.
计算结果见表5、表6。The calculation results are shown in Table 5 and Table 6.
计算结果见表7。The calculation results are shown in Table 7.
(2)求灰色相对关联度(2) Calculate the gray relative correlation degree
先求出Xi的初值像Xi′First find out the initial value of Xi i like Xi ′
计算结果见表8。The calculation results are shown in Table 8.
计算结果见表9。The calculation results are shown in Table 9.
计算结果见表10。The calculation results are shown in Table 10.
计算结果见表11、表12。The calculation results are shown in Table 11 and Table 12.
计算结果见表13。The calculation results are shown in Table 13.
(3)求灰色综合关联度(3) Find the gray comprehensive correlation degree
取θ=0.5,ρ0i=θεoi+(1-θ)r0i,i=0,1,2,3Take θ=0.5, ρ 0i =θε oi +(1-θ)r 0i , i=0, 1, 2, 3
计算结果见表14。The calculation results are shown in Table 14.
(4)灰色综合关联度排序(4) Gray comprehensive correlation degree sorting
将关联度按由大到小的顺序排列构成关联序,反映出各子因素对母因素的影响力依次减弱,从而优选出最佳指标。Arranging the correlation degrees from large to small constitutes a correlation sequence, which reflects that the influence of each sub-factor on the parent factor is weakened in turn, so that the best index is selected.
表2灰关联分析因素Xi取值表Table 2 Gray relational analysis factor Xi value table
表3计算结果table 3 Calculation results
表4|si|计算结果Table 4 | s i | calculation results
表5
表6|si-s0|计算结果Table 6 | s i -s 0 | calculation results
表7灰色绝对关联度ε0i计算结果Table 7 Calculation results of gray absolute correlation degree ε 0i
表8Xi′计算结果Table 8X i 'Calculation results
表9计算结果Table 9 Calculation results
表10|si′|计算结果Table 10 |s i ′| calculation results
表12|si′-s0′|计算结果Table 12|s i ′-s 0 ′| calculation results
表13灰色相对关联度r0i计算结果Table 13 Calculation results of gray relative correlation degree r 0i
表14灰色综合关联度ρ0i计算结果Table 14 Calculation results of gray comprehensive correlation degree ρ 0i
由表14可以看出,各指标与煤层瓦斯含量W的关联程度排序为:K1>Δh2>S,对某矿而言,K1对W影响最大。因此,需进一步重点研究W与K1的关系。It can be seen from Table 14 that the order of correlation between each index and coal seam gas content W is: K 1 >Δh 2 >S, and for a certain mine, K 1 has the greatest influence on W. Therefore, it is necessary to further study the relationship between W and K1 .
⑤.进一步测度对煤层瓦斯含量W影响最大的指标,同时同步测定煤层瓦斯含量W。⑤. Further measure the index that has the greatest impact on the coal seam gas content W, and simultaneously measure the coal seam gas content W.
对某矿而言,K1对W影响最大,经30天的连续同步测定,获取了30组W与K1数据,见表15。For a certain mine, K1 has the greatest impact on W. After 30 days of continuous simultaneous measurement, 30 sets of W and K1 data were obtained, as shown in Table 15.
表15某矿井下同步测定数据表Table 15 Underground synchronous measurement data table of a certain mine
⑥.对上述两者测定数据进行回归分析,确定两者数学模型;⑥. Carry out regression analysis on the measurement data of the above two, and determine the mathematical model of the two;
对某矿而言,依据表15,回归分析W与K1的关系,如图3所示。可以看出,随K1的增加,W逐渐增大,两者相关度很高,相关系数R=0.9637。建立数学模型如下:For a certain mine, according to Table 15, the regression analysis of the relationship between W and K1 is shown in Figure 3. It can be seen that with the increase of K 1 , W gradually increases, and the correlation between the two is very high, and the correlation coefficient R=0.9637. The mathematical model is established as follows:
y=8.23411+11.19943ln(x+0.41384) (1)y=8.23411+11.19943ln(x+0.41384) (1)
式中,y为煤层瓦斯含量W,m3/t;x为钻屑瓦斯解吸指标K1,ml/(g·min0.5)。In the formula, y is the coal seam gas content W, m 3 /t; x is the drilling cuttings gas desorption index K 1 , ml/(g·min 0.5 ).
⑦.对某矿而言,通过式(1),即可实现煤层瓦斯含量井下快速测定。⑦. For a certain mine, through the formula (1), the rapid underground measurement of coal seam gas content can be realized.
在长度1000m左右的煤巷掘进过程中,随着W与K1实测数据的积累,可对式(1)逐步进行修正。During the excavation process of a coal roadway with a length of about 1000m, with the accumulation of measured data of W and K1 , formula (1) can be gradually corrected.
对于其它矿而言,对W影响最大的可能是K1,也可能是Δh2或S。因此,需先按照灰关联分析方法,确定各指标与W的关联程度排序,得出与W关联度最大的指标,然后对该指标与W的数据进行回归分析,确定两者数学模型,从而实现煤层瓦斯含量的井下快速测定。For other mines, the biggest influence on W may be K 1 , or Δh 2 or S. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the order of the correlation between each index and W according to the gray correlation analysis method, and obtain the index with the highest correlation with W, and then perform regression analysis on the data of the index and W to determine the mathematical model of the two, so as to realize Downhole rapid determination of coal seam gas content.
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