CN104568311B - Double-torsion-bar rotational inertia measuring device - Google Patents
Double-torsion-bar rotational inertia measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104568311B CN104568311B CN201510014954.2A CN201510014954A CN104568311B CN 104568311 B CN104568311 B CN 104568311B CN 201510014954 A CN201510014954 A CN 201510014954A CN 104568311 B CN104568311 B CN 104568311B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-torsion-bar rotational inertia measuring device and belongs to the technical field of mechanical measuring. The double-torsion-bar rotational inertia measuring device aims at solving the problem that the measuring range of a single-torsion-bar measuring method in the prior art is limited to a certain extent. The double-torsion-bar rotational inertia measuring device comprises a horizontal torsion plate, a swing needle, a groove-shaped photoelectric sensor, a torsion bar shaft, a supporting sleeve and a device shell. The swing needle is fixed to the lower end of the torsion plate and swings in a groove of the groove-shaped photoelectric sensor fixed to the device shell. The torsion bar shaft is fixed to the bottom face of the torsion plate through a bearing, the torsion bar shaft and the torsion plate are coaxial, the lower end of the torsion bar shaft is fixedly connected with the supporting sleeve through a fixing bolt, and the supporting sleeve is arranged in the device shell and is fixedly connected with the device shell. The torsion bar shaft comprises the two ends of a first torsion bar and the two ends of a second torsion bar, a bolt hole in the horizontal direction is formed in the joint of the first torsion bar and the second torsion bar, and fixing and loosening of the joint of the first torsion bar and the second torsion bar and the supporting sleeve are achieved through plugging and unplugging of the movable bolt.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mechanical measurement technique field is and in particular to a kind of pair of torsion bar rotation inerttia device.
Background technology
The measuring method of general measure object rotation inertia has multiple, and modal have compound pendulum, string pendulum method and Inertia Based on Torsion Pendulum Method
Deng.Their common ground is to apply external force to testee, destroys the static balance of system, after revocation external force, testee is freely put
Dynamic, the rotary inertia around gyroaxis for the testee can be calculated its hunting period by measuring.The error of compound pendulum essentially from
Little pivot angle hypothesis, frictional resistance and air drag, compound pendulum is not suitable for the larger testee of quality.Using the confrontation of string pendulum method
Amount and larger-size object carry out rotation inerttia, there is many difficulties: measured piece often can be with torsion in rotation process
Dynamic, therefore it is difficult to accurately measurement hunting period；How to be hung, how spin line fixes, cycloid elongates how the error brought repaiies
Positive the problems such as, is not temporarily also effectively solved.The measuring accuracy highest of Inertia Based on Torsion Pendulum Method, convenient mounting and clamping, error is smaller than 1%,
Its error is essentially from frictional resistance and air drag, and can improve measuring accuracy by improved structure, in prior art
Typically to realize the measurement to rotary inertia using single torsion bar, single torsion bar measurement has certain limitation in itself due to mechanism,
The scope that device integrally measures is made to have certain restriction.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to proposing a kind of pair of torsion bar rotation inerttia device, solving single torsion bar in prior art and surveying
The problem that the measurement range that amount method exists has certain limitations.
For achieving the above object, double torsion bar rotation inerttia devices of the present invention include the torsion disk of level, balancing point, groove
Shape photoelectric sensor, torsion bar shaft, support set and crust of the device；
Described balancing point is fixed on described torsion disk lower end, the groove of the groove type photoelectric sensor on being fixed on crust of the device
Interior swing；
Described torsion bar shaft is fixed on described torsion by bearing and tries to get to the heart of a matter face, and described torsion bar shaft is coaxial with described torsion disk, described torsion
Bar axle lower end is fixedly connected with described support set by Fixed latches, and described support is set on described device enclosure and institute
State crust of the device to be fixedly connected；
Described torsion bar shaft includes the first torsion bar and the second torsion bar, and the first torsion bar and the second torsion bar junction are provided with level side
To pin hole, by movable latch into and out realizing consolidating of the first torsion bar and the second torsion bar junction and support set
Determine and unclamp.
The length of described first torsion bar is l1, a diameter of d1, the length of the second torsion bar is l2, a diameter of d2, wherein l1≠l2、
d1≠d2.
Described torsion disk upper end is provided with the fixing device of fixing test specimen.
Described fixing device is v shape frame or stationary fixture.
The invention has the benefit that double torsion bar rotation inerttia devices of the present invention are due to being carried out by movable latch
The switching of single double torsion bar, when movable latch is plugged, the second following torsion bar is fixedly connected with support set, upper and lower side is simultaneously solid
Fixed, lead to the second torsion bar not movable, thus the first torsion bar reverses, the second torsion bar is motionless；When movable latch is pulled up, the second torsion
Bar upper end is separated with support set, and such that it is able to move, the first torsion bar and the second torsion bar reverse simultaneously；One equipment is realized two and is set
Standby function, significantly reduces cost, is effectively improved the measurement range of rotary inertia, easily solves single torsion bar and deposits
Problem.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is double torsion bar rotation inerttia device overall structure diagrams of the present invention；
Wherein, 1, test specimen, 2, torsion disk, 3, balancing point, 4, photoelectric sensor, 5, bearing, 6, torsion bar shaft, the 7, first torsion bar, 8,
Support set, 9, movable latch, the 10, second torsion bar, 11, Fixed latches, 12, crust of the device.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings embodiments of the present invention are described further.
Referring to accompanying drawing 1, double torsion bar rotation inerttia devices of the present invention include the torsion disk 2 of level, balancing point 3, groove type
Photoelectric sensor 4, torsion bar shaft 6, support set 8 and crust of the device 12；
Described balancing point 3 is fixed on described level torsion disk 2 lower end, the groove type photoelectric sensing on being fixed on crust of the device 12
Swing in the groove of device 4；
Described torsion bar shaft 6 is fixed on described torsion disk 2 bottom surface by bearing 5, and described torsion bar shaft 6 is coaxial with described torsion disk 2, institute
State torsion bar shaft 6 lower end to be fixedly connected with described support set 8 by Fixed latches 11, described support set 8 is arranged on outside described device
Shell 12 is internal to be fixedly connected with described device shell 12；
Described torsion bar shaft 6 includes the first torsion bar 7 and the second torsion bar 10, the first torsion bar 7 and the setting of the second torsion bar 10 junction
Have the pin hole of horizontal direction, by movable latch 9 into and out realize the first torsion bar 7 and the second torsion bar 10 junction with
The fixing and unclamp of support set 8.
The length of described first torsion bar 7 is l1, a diameter of d1, the length of the second torsion bar 10 is l2, a diameter of d2, wherein l1≠
l2、d1≠d2.
Described torsion disk 2 upper end is provided with the fixing device of fixing test specimen 1.
Described fixing device is v shape frame or stationary fixture.
Double torsion bar rotation inerttia device operation principles of the present invention are:
Torsion disk is turned over an angle, θ in the horizontal plane, when movable latch is inserted on 9, the first torsion bar 7 reverses θ, when movable
When latch 9 is pulled up, the first torsion bar 7 reverses θ1Angle, the second torsion bar 10 reverses θ simultaneously2Angle (θ=θ1+θ2)；When unexpected release is turned round
During disk 2, torsion disk starts to make reciprocal torsional movement around vertical axis under the effect of torsion bar shaft 6 righting moment together with test specimen 1, by elasticity
(Hooke) law, righting moment m that torsion bar shaft 6 is reversed and produced is directly proportional to the angle, θ being turned over.
M=k θ (1)
Wherein: m righting moment
The coefficient of elasticity of k torsion bar shaft 6, is constant when material and structure determination
The angle that θ torsion bar shaft 6 turns over；
Had according to rigid body fixed-axis rotation law:
Mz=j β (2)
Wherein: mz torsion disk 2 together with test specimen 1 for torsion bar shaft 6 bonding force square
J torsion disk 2 is together with test specimen 1 with the rotary inertia in torsion bar shaft 6 axle center
β torsion disk 2 is together with the angular acceleration of test specimen 1；
Because torsional movement is gradually slack-off, do retarded motion, make ω2=k/j obtains:
Mz=j β=- k θ (3)
β=d2θ/dt2=-(k/j) θ=- ω2θ (4)
:
d2θ/dt2=-ω2θ (5)
Solve Second-order Linear Homogeneous Differential Equation with Constant Coefficients to obtain:
θ=c1cosωt+c2sinωt (6)
Wherein: a resonance angular amplitude
ω angular speed
Initial phase；
Above formula represents that torsional movement has the characteristic of harmonic motion, and angular acceleration angular displacement is directly proportional, and in opposite direction.This is humorous
Vibration period is:
T=2 π/ω=2 π (k/j)-1/2(8)
Obtained by formula (7):
J=k t2/(4π2) (9)
The parameter of the measurement apparatus of the present invention is calculated as:
When double torsion bar rotation inerttia devices design, limited by structure and motion, harmonic period t is in t1And t2(t1
＜ t2) between, then in the case that the coefficient of elasticity of torsion bar shaft 6 is for fixed structure, coefficient of elasticity k is constant, then formula (9) can
Solve:
j1=k t1 2/(4π2) (10)
j2=k t2 2/(4π2) (11)
The measurement range of this rotation inerttia device is: j1～j2(j1＜ j2) between:
1st, single torsion bar measurement
When movable latch is inserted on 9, the first torsion bar 7 reverses, as single torsion bar measurement, the now coefficient of elasticity of the first torsion bar 7
For k1, law is reversed according to the mechanics of materials:
θ=ml/gip(12)
Wherein: the relative torsional angle of θ torsion bar
The action length of l torsion bar
The elastic modelling quantity of g torsion bar
ipCross section polar moment of inertia；
K is known by above formula1=m/ θ=gip1/l1, for solid round cross section, ip=π d4/ 32,
Release:
k1=(π d1 4g)/(32l1) (13)
Wherein: d1First torsion bar 7 functional diameter (FD)
l1First torsion bar 7 action length；
Torsion bar shaft 6 can be selected for 65mn steel and makes, modulus of torsion g=80～84gn/m2；
Substitute into, by (10), (11) Shi Ke get:
j11=k1t1 2/(4π2) (14)
j12=k1t2 2/(4π2) (15)
The measurement range of this single torsion bar rotation inerttia device is: j11～j12(j11＜ j12) between；
2nd, double torsion bar measurements
When movable latch pulls out under 9, the first torsion bar 7 and the second torsion bar 10 reverse simultaneously, as double torsion bars measurement, and now the
The coefficient of elasticity of one torsion bar 7 is k1, the coefficient of elasticity of the second torsion bar 10 is k2, because the first torsion bar 7 and the second torsion bar 10 are tandem
Arrangement, two bars should bear same equal moment of torsion in one moment of torsion of pre-add it may be assumed that
k1=m/ θ1；k2=m/ θ2
k0=m/ θ；θ=θ1+θ2
Thus releasing
1/k0=1/k1+1/k2(16)
Wherein: k0Coefficient of elasticity (the k of torsion bar after two torsion bar collective effects0＜ k2＜ k1)；
Obtain with reference to coefficient of elasticity computational methods above:
k2=(π d2 4g)/(32l2) (17)
d2Second torsion bar 10 functional diameter (FD)
l2Second torsion bar 10 action length
(13), (17) are substituted into (16) and solve:
k0=π g (d1d2〕4/[32(l1d2 4+l2d1 4)]
Substitute into (10), (11) formula obtains:
j21=k0t1 2/(4π2)
j22=k0t2 2/(4π2)
The measurement range of this pair of torsion bar rotation inerttia device is: j21～j22(j21＜ j22) between；j21＜ j22＜ j11
＜ j12
By being calculated j above21＜ j22＜ j11＜ j12It can be seen that realizing single double torsion bar by plugging movable latch
The conversion of measurement, so that measuring the model of test specimen rotary inertia in the case of making measure the cycle scope constant (certainty of measurement is constant)
Enclose raising that is to say, that measuring apparatus can realize the measurement work of two equipment, reach original purpose.
Claims (4)
1. pair torsion bar rotation inerttia device is it is characterised in that include the torsion disk (2) of level, balancing point (3), groove type photoelectricity
Sensor (4), torsion bar shaft (6), support set (8) and crust of the device (12)；
Described balancing point (3) is fixed on described torsion disk (2) lower end, the groove type photoelectric sensor on being fixed on crust of the device (12)
(4) swing in groove；
Described torsion bar shaft (6) is fixed on described torsion disk (2) bottom surface, described torsion bar shaft (6) and described torsion disk (2) by bearing (5)
Coaxially, described torsion bar shaft (6) lower end is fixedly connected with described support set (8) by Fixed latches (11), and described support set (8) sets
Put and be fixedly connected with described device shell (12) inside described device shell (12)；
Described torsion bar shaft (6) includes the first torsion bar (7) and the second torsion bar (10), and the first torsion bar (7) and the second torsion bar (10) connect
Place is provided with the pin hole of horizontal direction, by movable latch (9) into and out realizing the first torsion bar (7) and the second torsion bar
(10) the fixing and unclamp of junction and support set (8).
2. the according to claim 1 pair of torsion bar rotation inerttia device is it is characterised in that described first torsion bar (7)
Length is l1, a diameter of d1, the length of the second torsion bar (10) is l2, a diameter of d2, wherein l1≠l2、d1≠d2.
3. according to claim 1 pair of torsion bar rotation inerttia device is it is characterised in that described torsion disk (2) upper end sets
It is equipped with the fixing device of fixing test specimen (1).
4. according to claim 3 pair of torsion bar rotation inerttia device is it is characterised in that described fixing device is v shape
Frame or stationary fixture.
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| CN201510014954.2A CN104568311B (en) | 2015-01-12 | 2015-01-12 | Double-torsion-bar rotational inertia measuring device |
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| CN201510014954.2A CN104568311B (en) | 2015-01-12 | 2015-01-12 | Double-torsion-bar rotational inertia measuring device |
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| CN104568311A CN104568311A (en) | 2015-04-29 |
| CN104568311B true CN104568311B (en) | 2017-01-25 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104792460A (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2015-07-22 | 长春理工大学 | Horizontal test method for revolve-body polar moment of inertia |
| CN104792462A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2015-07-22 | 长春理工大学 | Method for calibrating and verifying horizontal testing on revolution solid equator rotational inertia |
| CN105157919B (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2017-10-03 | 长春理工大学 | Three torsion bar rotation inerttia devices |
| CN105444949B (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2018-03-30 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of rotary inertia testboard based on torque sensor |
Citations (2)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202018361U (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2011-10-26 | 郑州机械研究所 | Double coincidence torsion bar mechanism applied to rotational inertia measurement |
| CN103389183A (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2013-11-13 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Spacecraft quality characteristic comprehensive test board based on spherical air bearing |
Family Cites Families (2)
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| JPH06331478A (en) * | 1993-05-21 | 1994-12-02 | Satoshi Yamaoka | Moment-of-inertia measuring device |
| KR100427268B1 (en) * | 2001-12-06 | 2004-04-14 | 현대자동차주식회사 | An apparatus for testing moment of inertia |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202018361U (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2011-10-26 | 郑州机械研究所 | Double coincidence torsion bar mechanism applied to rotational inertia measurement |
| CN103389183A (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2013-11-13 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Spacecraft quality characteristic comprehensive test board based on spherical air bearing |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 转动惯量的测量及误差分析;刘勇等;《机械》;20031231;第30卷;第53-55页 * |
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