CN104567926A - Horizontal shaft fine adjustment device with hard locking function - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a horizontal shaft fine adjustment device with a hard locking function, which comprises a fine adjustment hand wheel, a locking device, a coupling device and an unlocking device, wherein the locking device comprises a worm fixing frame, and a worm wheel and a worm which can be meshed with each other. The invention realizes mechanical hard locking by utilizing the characteristic of reverse self-locking of the worm gear and the worm, has high locking strength and good reliability, and is suitable for occasions with heavier loads.

Description

Horizontal axis fine adjustment device with hard locking function

technical field

The invention relates to a fine-tuning device for the horizontal axis of a theodolite.

Background technique

During the installation and measurement process of the theodolite, it is often necessary to manually align the optical axis, such as shooting azimuth marks, shooting stars, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to design a locking device with convenient operation and high precision to complete the adjustment of the theodolite horizontal axis system. The traditional locking device usually adopts reed-type elastic locking. The main disadvantage of this device is that when the driving force is large enough, the unlocking phenomenon will occur, the locking strength is low, and the reliability is poor. Locking fine-tuning and precise positioning of the system. In addition, the reeds in the reed locking device will gradually oxidize and harden with the prolongation of use time. Once broken, the normal operation of the equipment will be affected, so frequent repairs and maintenance are required.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a horizontal axis fine-tuning device with a hard locking function, which solves the technical problems of low locking strength and poor reliability of the theodolite horizontal axis locking device.

Technical solution of the present invention is:

A horizontal axis fine-tuning device with a hard locking function, including a fine-tuning handwheel 1 and a locking device, its special features are:

Also includes couplings and unlocking devices;

The coupling device includes a ball joint 9 and a universal joint 11;

The locking device comprises a worm fixing frame 4, a worm wheel 2 and a worm 10 which can engage with each other; the worm is arranged on the worm fixing frame and can rotate freely; the worm wheel is coaxially fixed on the adjusted horizontal shaft; One end of the worm is fixedly connected with one end of the universal coupling, the other end of the universal coupling is fixedly connected with one end of the ball shaft, and the other end of the ball shaft is fixedly connected with the fine-tuning handwheel; the worm The other end protrudes from the worm fixing frame; the fine-tuning handwheel is arranged on the worm fixing frame and can rotate freely;

The unlocking device includes a fixed frame 3, a worm limiter, an unlocking handwheel 5, and an eccentric wheel 6 coaxially arranged with the unlocking handwheel; the unlocking handwheel is arranged on the fixed frame; the other end of the worm is arranged on the worm The eccentric wheel can push the worm limit device to reciprocate up and down; the worm fixed frame is connected with the fixed frame through the rotating shaft 17 which is arranged near the universal coupling and is perpendicular to the worm;

The fixing frame is fixed on the equipment where the horizontal axis to be adjusted is located.

The above-mentioned unlocking device also includes a photoelectric switch 12 and a shading sheet 16; the photoelectric switch is arranged on the fixed frame, and the shading sheet is arranged on the eccentric wheel; when the protrusion of the eccentric wheel is at the highest point, the shading sheet just covers the photoelectric switch.

The above-mentioned worm limiting device includes two columns respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the worm, a compression spring arranged on the upper side of the worm, and an unlocking compression spring arranged on the lower side of the worm; the upper ends of the two columns are fixed on the fixed frame; The eccentric wheel is in contact with the unlocking stage spring below.

The transmission ratio of the above-mentioned worm gear and worm is 1:200.

The advantages of the present invention are:

(1) The worm gear constitutes a reduction mechanism with a large reduction ratio. After the large-scale rotation of the hand wheel is transmitted to the worm wheel, it becomes a small angle change, and the adjustment accuracy is high.

(2) Utilizing the reverse self-locking characteristics of the worm gear and worm to realize mechanical hard locking, the locking strength is high and the reliability is good, and it is suitable for occasions with heavy loads.

(3) The photoelectric switch is used to indicate the state of locking and unlocking, which has high precision and is easy to use.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a locking state;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an unlocked state.

Reference signs are as follows: 1-fine-tuning handwheel; 2-worm wheel; 3-fixed frame; 4-worm screw fixed frame, 5-unlocking handwheel; 6-eccentric wheel; 7-support; 8-fine-tuning shaft; 9- Ball shaft; 10-worm; 11-universal coupling; 12-photoelectric switch; 14-pressure spring; 15-unlocking pressure spring; 16-shading sheet.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the present invention mainly consists of a fine-tuning handwheel 1, a shaft coupling, a locking device and an unlocking device. The shaft coupling is used to transmit the main movement, and the horizontal shaft is connected with the worm wheel 2 through a flat key. The transmission ratio of the worm gear is 1:200. One end of the worm 10 is connected to the unlocking device of the eccentric wheel through a compression spring. The worm swings up and down around the fixed rotating shaft and meshes with the worm wheel after being jacked up at the high point of the eccentric wheel 6. The other end of the worm is passed through a The universal joint 11 links to each other with the fine-tuning connecting shaft 8 of the horizontal fine-tuning handwheel. Since both the eccentric wheel and the worm shaft are fixed fulcrums, the supporting rigidity is very high, so that the mechanism has a hard locking feature, and the locking is safe and reliable. The photoelectric switch 12 is equipped with below the eccentric to indicate the state of locking and unlocking.

Firstly, the worm wheel and the worm are in a non-meshing state. Turn the unlocking hand wheel 5, and the eccentric wheel connected to it will rotate accordingly. The high point of the eccentric wheel will lift the worm upward to mesh with the worm wheel, and disconnect the electric control circuit at the same time. After the worm gear meshes, it has the characteristics of reverse self-locking, which realizes the pitch locking of the horizontal shaft system. When fine-tuning is not required, the worm gear is in a self-locking state due to the meshing effect of the worm gear and worm, and at this time it is in a locked state. The meshed and locked state is shown in Figure 3.

At this time, when the fine-tuning handwheel is turned, the worm drives the worm wheel to make a circular motion to complete the fine-tuning operation. The worm gear and worm constitute a reduction mechanism with a large reduction ratio. The large-scale rotation of the handwheel is transmitted to the worm wheel and becomes a small angle change. After the worm swings up and down, the position of the fine-tuning handwheel changes relative to it. The pin hole of the cross coupling can make the floating end of the worm move in a certain relative position in the axial direction, and can transmit the motion of two rotating shafts with different axes. .

After the fine-tuning work is completed, turn the unlocking handwheel so that the high point of the eccentric wheel is separated from the worm, and the worm is disengaged from the worm wheel under the action of the compression spring to realize the unlocking of the locking mechanism. The unlocking state is shown in Figure 4. At this time, the manual fine-tuning device fails, and the shafting can resume free rotation under electric control.

Claims (4)

1. A horizontal axis fine-tuning device with a hard locking function, comprising a fine-tuning handwheel (1) and a locking device, characterized in that: Also includes couplings and unlocking devices; The shaft coupling device comprises a ball joint shaft (9) and a universal shaft coupling (11); The locking device comprises a worm fixing frame (4), a worm wheel (2) and a worm (10) which can engage with each other; the worm is arranged on the worm fixing frame and can rotate freely; the worm wheel is coaxially fixed on the On the horizontal shaft; one end of the worm is fixedly connected with one end of the universal coupling, the other end of the universal coupling is fixedly connected with one end of the ball shaft, and the other end of the ball shaft is connected with the fine-tuning handwheel fixed connection; the other end of the worm protrudes from the worm fixing frame; the fine-tuning handwheel is arranged on the worm fixing frame and can rotate freely; The unlocking device includes a fixed frame (3), a worm limiter, an unlocking handwheel (5), and an eccentric wheel (6) coaxially arranged with the unlocking handwheel; the unlocking handwheel is arranged on the fixed frame; The other end of the worm is set in the worm limiter and can rotate freely; the eccentric wheel can push the worm limiter to reciprocate up and down; the worm holder passes through the rotating shaft ( 17) Connect with the fixed frame; The fixing frame is fixed on the equipment where the horizontal axis to be adjusted is located. 2. The horizontal axis fine-tuning device with hard locking function according to claim 1, characterized in that: the unlocking device also includes a photoelectric switch (12) and a light-shielding sheet (16); the photoelectric switch is arranged on the fixing frame Above, the shading sheet is arranged on the eccentric wheel; when the protrusion of the eccentric wheel is at the highest point, the shading sheet just covers the photoelectric switch. 3. The horizontal axis fine-tuning device with hard locking function according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the worm limit device includes two columns respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the worm, and a vertical column arranged on the worm Stage clip, the release stage clip that is arranged on the bottom of the worm; the upper ends of the two columns are fixed on the fixed mount; the eccentric wheel is in contact with the release stage clip below. 4. The horizontal axis fine-tuning device with hard locking function according to claim 3, characterized in that: the transmission ratio of the worm wheel to the worm is 1:200.