CN104562444A - Electrostatic spraying nano-cobweb waterproof moisture-permeable film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Electrostatic spraying nano-cobweb waterproof moisture-permeable film and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104562444A
CN104562444A CN201410842872.2A CN201410842872A CN104562444A CN 104562444 A CN104562444 A CN 104562444A CN 201410842872 A CN201410842872 A CN 201410842872A CN 104562444 A CN104562444 A CN 104562444A
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emulsion
spider web
electrostatic spraying
permeant film
waterproof humidity
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CN104562444B (en
Inventor
丁彬
生俊露
李洋
张世超
赵景
张龙威
田海洋
孙刚
俞建勇
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Donghua University
National Dong Hwa University
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Donghua University
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/02—Layered materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4374—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece using different kinds of webs, e.g. by layering webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/732—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by fluid current, e.g. air-lay
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D2600/00—Uses of garments specially adapted for specific purposes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D2600/00—Uses of garments specially adapted for specific purposes
    • A41D2600/10—Uses of garments specially adapted for specific purposes for sport activities

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrostatic spraying nano-cobweb waterproof moisture-permeable film and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a processing technology for preparing a nano-cobweb waterproof moisture-permeable film with electrostatic spraying emulsion by counterblast blowing assisted wet formation. The method specifically includes: in the process of electrostatic spraying, blowing liquid droplets with counterblast in the direction parallel to the spraying direction of polymer emulsion droplets, enabling the droplets to be stressed and deformed during drying in an electric field so as to form a liquid film, and further performing phase separation to form a two-dimensional web material of a stabilized hexagonal mesh structure. The nano-cobweb waterproof moisture-permeable film has the advantages that the cobweb coverage area is 100%, structural integrity is good, average pore size is 10-200nm, and the porosity is more than or equal to 80%; the waterproof moisture-permeable film is resistant to water pressure which is more than or equal to 120kPa, moisture permeable flux is more than or equal to 15000g/m2/d, and the waterproof moisture-permeable film has broad application prospect in the field of outdoor sportswear, field operation military uniform and the like.

Description

A kind of electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to electrostatic spraying technical field, relate to a kind of electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film and preparation method thereof, particularly relate to a kind of process technology utilizing the auxiliary electrostatic spraying emulsion into the net of back draught winding-up to prepare nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film.
Background technology
People meet with the bad weather such as heavy rain, severe cold in environment out of doors unavoidably, traditional dress is easily soaked by sleet and there is sweat and is difficult to timely defect of discharging, can produce the sticky sense of discomfort such as wet, cold and even cause the injuries such as frostbite, therefore wearing the clothes having waterproof and moisture-inhibiting (perspire) function concurrently has become and has resisted one of boisterous important channel.Waterproof Breathable microporous barrier, as the core material of Waterproof Breathable function clothes, requires that it has less aperture (to ensure good water proofing property) and higher voidage (to ensure higher moisture-inhibiting).The structural advantages such as electrostatic spinning fiber film is little with its fibre diameter, aperture is little, porosity is high, have huge application potential at high performance water proof moisture-inhibiting microporous barrier manufacture field.The technology of disclosed electrostatic spinning fiber base Waterproof Breathable microporous barrier comprises at present: a kind of preparation method (CN102517794A) of permeable watertight polyurethane nanofiber film, a kind of High-efficiency waterproof moisture-permeable shell fabric and preparation method thereof (CN102632648A), a kind of waterproof moisture-permeable multifunctional composite micro/nano fabric and preparation method thereof (CN103388265A), Waterproof Breathable knits the preparation method of film, waterproof moisture permeating fabric and preparation method thereof (CN103437072A), a kind of Waterproof Breathable composite membrane and preparation method thereof (CN103963393A) etc. are all polymer solution is carried out electrostatic spinning, its tunica fibrosa mesoporous prepared and porosity still lower and be difficult to control, cause all lower (the water pressure resistance < 40kPa of waterproofing and moisture-penetration performances, moisture-inhibiting flux < 9000g/m 2/ d), thus limit the application performance of electrostatic spinning fiber base waterproof humidity-permeant film.
And the nanometer spider web be found in the recent period is a kind of electrostatic spinning fiber structure of novelty, this structure is present between ultra-fine electrostatic spinning fibrous framework usually, that there is the two-dimension netted fiber film material being similar to cobweb, soap bubble structure, in net, the average diameter of fiber is 5 ~ 30nm, and aperture is between 20 ~ 300nm.The technology of disclosed Static Spinning nanometer spider web comprises at present: patent CN102704028A discloses " a kind of preparation method of meta-aramid nanometer spider web tunica fibrosa ", it is by configuration meta-aramid electrospinning raw material, and meta-aramid electrospinning raw material is joined in electrostatic spinning apparatus carry out electrostatic spinning, obtained meta-aramid nanometer spider web tunica fibrosa.Patent CN101564914 discloses one " preparation method of nanometer cobweb/nanometer fiber composite protective material ", it is by configuring certain density macromolecule electrospun solution and carrying out electrostatic spinning, spun silk one deck base material covers one deck top material after receiving again, and hot pressing obtains nanometer spider web/nanofiber Multi-layer composite protective materials.These patents are all that polymer solution is carried out electrostatic spinning, though prepare the spider web structure that diameter is little, aperture is little, but its network structure prepared is the composite being support with fiber and having nanometer spider web, its porosity is low, area coverage is little, being difficult to is the material of spider web structure completely, cannot meet the demand of Waterproof Breathable practical application.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film and preparation method thereof, in particular, provide that a kind of to utilize back draught to jet be the process technology that the electrostatic spraying emulsion of supplementary means prepares nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, the nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film with stable hexagonal meshes structure that small-bore, high porosity, high area coverage (100%), size are controlled can be prepared.Polymer emulsion, in the process of electrostatic spraying, is subject to electric field force, air drag, back draught resistance, electrostatic repulsion and capillary comprehensive function.Emulsion droplet is out of shape under the effect of high voltage electric field power, shrink because of capillary effect, be subject to the effect of air drag and back draught resistance and be squeezed into thin liquid film, also be subject to the effect of electrostatic repulsion and expand gradually, liquid film gradually thinning is also expanded fast, finally splits into net through being separated.The nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film of size and structure controllable precise can be obtained by the present invention, thus improve the application power in its field such as sportswear, field operations military uniform out of doors.
The preparation method of a kind of electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film of the present invention, in electrostatic spraying process, with the injection direction that back draught is being parallel to polymer emulsion drop, drop is jetted, when impelling drop to fly in the electric field, stress deformation forms liquid film, and then be separated, form nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film at reception substrate surface; Described nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film is the two-dimension netted material with stable hexagonal meshes structure.Water pressure resistance>=the 120kPa of gained nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, moisture-inhibiting flux>=15000g/m 2/ d.
As preferred technical scheme:
The preparation method of a kind of electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film as above, the winding-up flow velocity of described back draught is 1 ~ 100m/s.Back draught can be produced by the draught head between the inlet, outlet system of electrostatic spraying casing.There is a gas handling system at electrostatic spraying casing near the one side of base material, can be used as back draught blowing device (contrary with emulsion injection direction), have a system of giving vent to anger near the one side of spraying jet pipe.By regulating the draught head between inlet, outlet system, the back draught with certain speed (1 ~ 100m/s) can be provided.The effect of back draught is: polymer emulsion is under the effect of electrostatic field, a large amount of charged drop can be produced, charged drop flies to reception pole plate under the effect of high electric field force, the back draught that draught head between inlet, outlet system in electrostatic spraying unit causes can produce a reaction force to charged drop, make its be squeezed gradually become liquid film by drop, to be conducive to other stressed one and to work and impel liquid film to split into net.
The preparation method of a kind of electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film as above, the character of described polymer emulsion: mass concentration is 2 ~ 40%, surface tension range is 10 ~ 50mN/m, and conductivity range is 0.05 ~ 10mS/cm.Because its emulsion property is different, the active force in course of injection suffered by emulsion droplet is also different, and technological parameter (voltage and air-flow injecting velocity) therefore used in electrostatic spraying process is also distinguished to some extent:
When emulsion electrical conductivity is 0.05 ~ 4.0mS/cm, voltage is 96 ~ 120kV; When emulsion electrical conductivity is 4.1 ~ 7.0mS/cm, voltage is 76 ~ 95kV; When emulsion electrical conductivity is 7.1 ~ 10.0mS/cm, voltage is 50 ~ 75kV.
When emulsion surface tension is 10 ~ 25mN/m, air flow blowing speed is 1 ~ 35m/s; When emulsion surface tension is 26 ~ 35mN/m, air flow blowing speed is 36 ~ 65m/s; When emulsion surface tension is 36 ~ 50mN/m, air flow blowing speed is 66 ~ 100m/s.
The preparation method of a kind of electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film as above, described polymer emulsion is straight polymer emulsion or the polymer emulsion containing at least one inorganic salts.
The preparation method of a kind of electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film as above, described straight polymer emulsion is a kind of or several arbitrarily combination in polyaminoester emulsion, polyacrylate dispersion, organic silicon emulsion, polystyrene emulsion, polyvinyl acetate emulsion, PLA-caprolactone emulsion, PLA-polyethylene glycol oxide emulsion, polyurethane acrylic emulsion copolymerization emulsion, interpolymer latex of polystyrene and acrylic ester, vinyl acetate-acrylic copolymer emulsion, Silicone-Acrylic Copolymer Emulsion.Described straight polymer emulsion regulates emulsion property by the combination of a kind of or any several emulsion, different surface-active contents contained by emulsion and kind variant, the surface tension of emulsion obtained after combination also has a scope (10 ~ 50mN/m), if the surface tension of emulsion is less, easily to be stretched when emulsion droplet flies in the electric field and through being separated into net, therefore required air flow blowing resistance is less, and corresponding air flow blowing speed is less.
The preparation method of a kind of electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film as above, the described polymer emulsion containing at least one inorganic salts is the mixture of inorganic salts and straight polymer emulsion, and described inorganic salts are any one or a few the mixture in calcium chloride, lithium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium chloride, iron chloride, zinc chloride, barium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potash, silver nitrate, copper nitrate, sodium nitrate, sodium sulfite and lithium bromide.The mechanism of action of inorganic salts is: inorganic salts add in polymer emulsion, and these salt decomposes generation cation and anion, adds the quantity of particle in emulsion, thus improves its electrical conductivity.The drop of the polymer emulsion formation of high conductivity, the electric field force effect that it is subject to is comparatively large, and then the effect of the air drag be subject to is also larger, is conducive to the compressive deformation of drop.
The preparation method of a kind of electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film as above, the addition of described inorganic salts is 0.01 ~ 15% of described polymer emulsion gross mass; Layoutprocedure: first inorganic salts are joined in deionized water, and ultrasonic 1 ~ 20 hour, then straight polymer emulsion is added wherein, and stir 5 ~ 24 hours continuously with magnetic stirring apparatus, be mixed with even and stable emulsion.
The preparation method of a kind of electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film as above, the voltage of described electrostatic spraying process is 50 ~ 120kV, and receiving range is 10 ~ 50cm, and rate of flooding is 0.1 ~ 15mL/h, temperature 15 ~ 30 DEG C, relative humidity 15 ~ 90%.
The preparation method of a kind of electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film as above, described reception base material is fabric, wire netting, cellulose paper, aluminium foil or non-weaving cloth.
Nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film of the present invention, for having the two-dimension netted material of stable hexagonal meshes structure, spider web area coverage is 100%, and structural intergrity is good, and average pore size is 10 ~ 200nm, porosity of=80%.The nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film that the present invention obtains can be used for the waterproof humidity-permeant film preparing high water pressure resistance, high moisture-inhibiting, and the field such as sportswear, field operations military uniform has broad application prospects out of doors.
Beneficial effect
(1) the nanometer spider web material prepared by traditional electrostatic spinning is different from, what the present invention adopted is electrostatic spraying emulsion net-forming technology, the nanometer spider web of preparation is not support with fiber, all has stable hexagonal meshes structure, effectively can increase the area coverage of spider web material, porosity and connectedness, can be used for the waterproof humidity-permeant film preparing high water pressure resistance, high moisture-inhibiting, the field such as sportswear, field operations military uniform is with a wide range of applications out of doors.
(2) the present invention is different from traditional electrostatic spraying technology, adopts the injection direction that back draught is being parallel to polymer emulsion drop to jet to drop first, prepares the nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film with stable hexagonal meshes structure.By regulating the draught head in electrostatic spraying unit between inlet, outlet system, produce different back draught speed, and realize the accuracy controlling to spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film area coverage, average pore size and porosity in conjunction with other stressing conditions of emulsion droplet.
(3) the nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film prepared of the present invention, presents the interconnection that effectively bonds between spider web, and can the emulsion property of conjugated polymer regulate and control its morphosis, has actual application prospect widely.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is electrostatic spraying schematic diagram of the present invention
In figure, 1 is electrostatic spraying casing; 2 is high-voltage DC power supply; 3 is electrostatic spraying liquid-supplying system and injection syringe needle; 4 for receiving base material; 5 is electrostatic spraying drop; 6 is gas handling system; 7 is the system of giving vent to anger.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, set forth the present invention further.Should be understood that these embodiments are only not used in for illustration of the present invention to limit the scope of the invention.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally after the content of having read the present invention's instruction.
A kind of electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, for having the two-dimension netted material of stable hexagonal meshes structure, spider web area coverage is 100%, structural intergrity is good, average pore size is 10 ~ 200nm, porosity of=80%, the water pressure resistance>=120kPa of gained nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, moisture-inhibiting flux>=15000g/m 2/ d.
Embodiment 1
A preparation method for electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, concrete steps are:
(1) calcium chloride is dissolved in deionized water, and ultrasonic 1 hour, then polyaminoester emulsion is dissolved in the deionized water of chloride containing calcium, and stirs 5 hours continuously with magnetic stirring apparatus, prepare even, stable emulsion; In described uniform emulsion, the mass concentration of polyaminoester emulsion is 40%, and the content of calcium chloride is 0.01% of emulsion gross mass; The electrical conductivity of described emulsion is 0.05mS/cm, and surface tension is 10mN/cm;
(2) use electrostatic spraying casing 1 shown in the drawings to spray, be first filled in jet pipe by electrostatic spraying liquid-supplying system and injection syringe needle 3 by emulsion, receiving base material 4 is fabric, and receiving range is 10cm;
(3) high-voltage DC power supply 2 is opened, voltage is adjusted to 120kV, the environment temperature of electrostatic spraying is 15 DEG C, relative humidity is 40%, emulsion being sprayed onto with the jet velocity of 0.5mL/h receives on base material 4, regulate gas handling system 6 simultaneously, draught head between system of giving vent to anger 7, back draught is jetted to electrostatic spraying drop 5 with the speed of 1m/s, make drop at electric field force, air drag, back draught resistance, net is split under electrostatic repulsion and capillary comprehensive function, the feature of prepared nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film is spider web area coverage is 100%, average pore size is 20nm, porosity is 80%.The water pressure resistance of the nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film obtained is 120kPa, and moisture-inhibiting flux is 15000g/m 2/ d.
Embodiment 2
A preparation method for electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, concrete steps are:
(1) sodium chloride is joined in deionized water, and ultrasonic 3 hours, then polyacrylate dispersion is dissolved in the deionized water of sodium chloride-containing, above-mentioned emulsion is placed on magnetic stirring apparatus and stirs 8 hours continuously, be mixed with even, stable emulsion; In described uniform emulsion, the mass concentration of polyacrylate dispersion is 35%, and the content of sodium chloride is 15% of emulsion gross mass, and the electrical conductivity of described emulsion is 4mS/cm, and surface tension is 50mN/cm.
(2) use electrostatic spraying casing 1 shown in the drawings to spray, be first filled in jet pipe by electrostatic spraying liquid-supplying system and injection syringe needle 3 by emulsion, reception base material is wire netting, and receiving range is 15cm;
(3) high voltage source is opened, voltage is adjusted to 96kV, the environment temperature of electrostatic spraying is 15 DEG C, relative humidity is 90%, emulsion being sprayed onto with the jet velocity of 2mL/h receives on base material, regulate simultaneously into, the draught head of giving vent to anger between system, back draught is jetted to emulsion droplet with the speed of 100m/s, make drop at electric field force, air drag, back draught resistance, net is split under electrostatic repulsion and capillary comprehensive function, the feature of prepared nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film is spider web area coverage is 100%, average pore size is 60nm, porosity is 85%.The water pressure resistance of the nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film obtained is 123kPa, and moisture-inhibiting flux is 16000g/m 2/ d.
Embodiment 3
A preparation method for electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, concrete steps are:
(1) lithium chloride is joined in deionized water, and ultrasonic 6 hours, then polystyrene emulsion is dissolved in the deionized water of chloride containing lithium, above-mentioned emulsion is placed on magnetic stirring apparatus and stirs 6 hours continuously, be mixed with even, stable emulsion; In described uniform emulsion, the mass concentration of polystyrene emulsion is 30%, and the content of lithium chloride is 1% of emulsion gross mass, and the electrical conductivity of described emulsion is 4.1mS/cm, and surface tension is 26mN/cm.
(2) use electrostatic spraying casing 1 shown in the drawings to spray, be first filled in jet pipe by electrostatic spraying liquid-supplying system and injection syringe needle 3 by emulsion, reception base material is cellulose paper, and receiving range is 50cm;
(3) high voltage source is opened, voltage is adjusted to 95kV, the environment temperature of electrostatic spraying is 30 DEG C, relative humidity is 50%, emulsion being sprayed onto with the jet velocity of 6mL/h receives on base material, regulate simultaneously into, the draught head of giving vent to anger between system, back draught is jetted to emulsion droplet with the speed of 36m/s, make drop at electric field force, air drag, back draught resistance, net is split under electrostatic repulsion and capillary comprehensive function, the feature of prepared nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film is spider web area coverage is 100%, average pore size is 100nm, porosity is 90%.The water pressure resistance of the nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film obtained is 125kPa, and moisture-inhibiting flux is 15200g/m 2/ d.
Embodiment 4
A preparation method for electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, concrete steps are:
(1) potassium chloride and iron chloride are joined in a certain amount of deionized water, and ultrasonic 20 hours, then interpolymer latex of polystyrene and acrylic ester is dissolved in the deionized water of chloride containing potassium and iron chloride, above-mentioned emulsion is placed on magnetic stirring apparatus and stirs 15 hours continuously, be mixed with even, stable emulsion; In described uniform emulsion, the mass concentration of interpolymer latex of polystyrene and acrylic ester is 2%, and the content of potassium chloride and iron chloride is 1.5% of emulsion gross mass, and both ratios of mixing are 1:4, the electrical conductivity of described emulsion is 7mS/cm, and surface tension is 25mN/cm.
(2) use electrostatic spraying casing 1 shown in the drawings to spray, be first filled in jet pipe by electrostatic spraying liquid-supplying system and injection syringe needle 3 by emulsion, reception base material is aluminium foil, and receiving range is 25cm;
(3) high voltage source is opened, voltage is adjusted to 76kV, the environment temperature of electrostatic spraying is 20 DEG C, relative humidity is 55%, emulsion being sprayed onto with the jet velocity of 15mL/h receives on base material, regulate simultaneously into, the draught head of giving vent to anger between system, back draught is jetted to emulsion droplet with the speed of 35m/s, make drop at electric field force, air drag, back draught resistance, net is split under electrostatic repulsion and capillary comprehensive function, the feature of prepared nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film is spider web area coverage is 100%, average pore size is 150nm, porosity is 95%.The water pressure resistance of the nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film obtained is 127kPa, and moisture-inhibiting flux is 15400g/m 2/ d.
Embodiment 5
A preparation method for electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, concrete steps are:
(1) zinc chloride is joined in deionized water, and ultrasonic 4 hours, then organosilicon and polyvinyl acetate mixed emulsion are dissolved in the deionized water of Containing Zinc Chloride, above-mentioned emulsion are placed on magnetic stirring apparatus and stir 24 hours continuously, be mixed with even, stable emulsion; In described uniform emulsion, the mass concentration of organosilicon and poly-acetic acid mixed emulsion is 20%, and both mixed proportions are 1:3, and the content of zinc chloride is 2% of emulsion gross mass.The electrical conductivity of described emulsion is 7.1mS/cm, and surface tension is 36mN/cm.
(2) use electrostatic spraying casing 1 shown in the drawings to spray, be first filled in jet pipe by electrostatic spraying liquid-supplying system and injection syringe needle 3 by emulsion, reception base material is cellulose paper, and receiving range is 30cm;
(3) high voltage source is opened, voltage is adjusted to 75kV, the environment temperature of electrostatic spraying is 22 DEG C, relative humidity is 15%, emulsion being sprayed onto with the jet velocity of 8mL/h receives on base material, regulate simultaneously into, the draught head of giving vent to anger between system, back draught is jetted to emulsion droplet with the speed of 66m/s, make drop at electric field force, air drag, back draught resistance, net is split under electrostatic repulsion and capillary comprehensive function, the feature of prepared nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film is spider web area coverage is 100%, average pore size is 200nm, porosity is 97%.The water pressure resistance of the nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film obtained is 129kPa, and moisture-inhibiting flux is 15600g/m 2/ d.
Embodiment 6
A preparation method for electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, concrete steps are:
(1) lithium bromide is joined in deionized water, and ultrasonic 5 hours, then PLA-caprolactone emulsion and PLA-polyethylene glycol oxide mixed emulsion are dissolved in the deionized water containing lithium bromide, above-mentioned emulsion is placed on magnetic stirring apparatus and stirs 14 hours continuously, be mixed with even, stable emulsion; In described uniform emulsion, the mass concentration of PLA-caprolactone emulsion and PLA-polyethylene glycol oxide mixed emulsion is 15%, and both mixed proportions are 2:3, and the content of lithium bromide is 12% of emulsion gross mass.The electrical conductivity of described emulsion is 10mS/cm, and surface tension is 35mN/cm.
(2) use electrostatic spraying device shown in the drawings to spray, be first filled in jet pipe by liquid-supplying system by emulsion, reception base material is non-weaving cloth, and receiving range is 50cm;
(3) high voltage source is opened, voltage is adjusted to 50kV, the environment temperature of electrostatic spraying is 25 DEG C, relative humidity is 35%, emulsion being sprayed onto with the jet velocity of 5mL/h receives on base material, regulate simultaneously into, the draught head of giving vent to anger between system, back draught is jetted to emulsion droplet with the speed of 65m/s, make drop at electric field force, air drag, back draught resistance, net is split under electrostatic repulsion and capillary comprehensive function, the feature of prepared nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film is spider web area coverage is 100%, average pore size is 190nm, porosity is 99%.The water pressure resistance of the nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film obtained is 130kPa, and moisture-inhibiting flux is 15800g/m 2/ d.
Embodiment 7
A preparation method for electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, concrete steps are:
(1) barium chloride is dissolved in deionized water, and ultrasonic 10 hours, then polyurethane acrylic emulsion copolymerization emulsion is dissolved in the deionized water of chloride containing barium, and stirs 20 hours continuously with magnetic stirring apparatus, prepare even, stable emulsion; In described uniform emulsion, the mass concentration of polyurethane acrylic emulsion copolymerization emulsion is 10%, and the content of barium chloride is 0.09% of emulsion gross mass; The electrical conductivity of described emulsion is 1mS/cm, and surface tension is 15mN/cm;
(2) use electrostatic spraying casing 1 shown in the drawings to spray, be first filled in jet pipe by electrostatic spraying liquid-supplying system and injection syringe needle 3 by emulsion, receiving base material 4 is fabric, and receiving range is 16cm;
(3) high-voltage DC power supply 2 is opened, voltage is adjusted to 100kV, the environment temperature of electrostatic spraying is 20 DEG C, relative humidity is 80%, emulsion being sprayed onto with the jet velocity of 0.1mL/h receives on base material 4, regulate gas handling system 6 simultaneously, draught head between system of giving vent to anger 7, back draught is jetted to electrostatic spraying drop 5 with the speed of 20m/s, make drop at electric field force, air drag, back draught resistance, net is split under electrostatic repulsion and capillary comprehensive function, the feature of prepared nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film is spider web area coverage is 100%, average pore size is 20nm, porosity is 80%.The water pressure resistance of the nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film obtained is 133kPa, and moisture-inhibiting flux is 16000g/m 2/ d.
Embodiment 8
A preparation method for electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, concrete steps are:
(1) magnesium chloride is joined in deionized water, and ultrasonic 3 hours, then vinyl acetate-acrylic copolymer emulsion is dissolved in the deionized water of magnesium chloride containing, above-mentioned emulsion is placed on magnetic stirring apparatus and stirs 10 hours continuously, be mixed with even, stable emulsion; In described uniform emulsion, the mass concentration of vinyl acetate-acrylic copolymer emulsion is 32%, and the content of magnesium chloride is 10% of emulsion gross mass, and the electrical conductivity of described emulsion is 3mS/cm, and surface tension is 40mN/cm.
(2) use electrostatic spraying casing 1 shown in the drawings to spray, be first filled in jet pipe by electrostatic spraying liquid-supplying system and injection syringe needle 3 by emulsion, reception base material is wire netting, and receiving range is 15cm;
(3) high voltage source is opened, voltage is adjusted to 98kV, the environment temperature of electrostatic spraying is 10 DEG C, relative humidity is 60%, emulsion being sprayed onto with the jet velocity of 3mL/h receives on base material, regulate simultaneously into, the draught head of giving vent to anger between system, back draught is jetted to emulsion droplet with the speed of 80m/s, make drop at electric field force, air drag, back draught resistance, net is split under electrostatic repulsion and capillary comprehensive function, the feature of prepared nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film is spider web area coverage is 100%, average pore size is 60nm, porosity is 85%.The water pressure resistance of the nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film obtained is 123kPa, and moisture-inhibiting flux is 15200g/m 2/ d.
Embodiment 9
A preparation method for electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, concrete steps are:
(1) sodium carbonate is joined in deionized water, and ultrasonic 6 hours, then silicone acrylate emulsion is dissolved in the deionized water containing sodium carbonate, above-mentioned emulsion is placed on magnetic stirring apparatus and stirs 6 hours continuously, be mixed with even, stable emulsion; In described uniform emulsion, the mass concentration of silicone acrylate emulsion is 30%, and the content of sodium carbonate is 1% of emulsion gross mass, and the electrical conductivity of described emulsion is 5mS/cm, and surface tension is 30mN/cm.
(2) use electrostatic spraying casing 1 shown in the drawings to spray, be first filled in jet pipe by electrostatic spraying liquid-supplying system and injection syringe needle 3 by emulsion, reception base material is cellulose paper, and receiving range is 50cm;
(3) high voltage source is opened, voltage is adjusted to 90kV, the environment temperature of electrostatic spraying is 30 DEG C, relative humidity is 60%, emulsion being sprayed onto with the jet velocity of 12mL/h receives on base material, regulate simultaneously into, the draught head of giving vent to anger between system, back draught is jetted to emulsion droplet with the speed of 60m/s, make drop at electric field force, air drag, back draught resistance, net is split under electrostatic repulsion and capillary comprehensive function, the feature of prepared nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film is spider web area coverage is 100%, average pore size is 100nm, porosity is 90%.The water pressure resistance of the nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film obtained is 125kPa, and moisture-inhibiting flux is 15400g/m 2/ d.
Embodiment 10
A preparation method for electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, concrete steps are:
(1) sodium bicarbonate is joined in a certain amount of deionized water, and ultrasonic 20 hours, then interpolymer latex of polystyrene and acrylic ester is dissolved in the deionized water containing sodium bicarbonate, above-mentioned emulsion is placed on magnetic stirring apparatus and stirs 15 hours continuously, be mixed with even, stable emulsion; In described uniform emulsion, the mass concentration of interpolymer latex of polystyrene and acrylic ester is 5%, and sodium bicarbonate content is 1.5% of emulsion gross mass, and the electrical conductivity of described emulsion is 6mS/cm, and surface tension is 20mN/cm.
(2) use electrostatic spraying casing 1 shown in the drawings to spray, be first filled in jet pipe by electrostatic spraying liquid-supplying system and injection syringe needle 3 by emulsion, reception base material is aluminium foil, and receiving range is 25cm;
(3) high voltage source is opened, voltage is adjusted to 80kV, the environment temperature of electrostatic spraying is 20 DEG C, relative humidity is 55%, emulsion being sprayed onto with the jet velocity of 15mL/h receives on base material, regulate simultaneously into, the draught head of giving vent to anger between system, back draught is jetted to emulsion droplet with the speed of 30m/s, make drop at electric field force, air drag, back draught resistance, net is split under electrostatic repulsion and capillary comprehensive function, the feature of prepared nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film is spider web area coverage is 100%, average pore size is 150nm, porosity is 95%.The water pressure resistance of the nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film obtained is 127kPa, and moisture-inhibiting flux is 15600g/m 2/ d.
Embodiment 11
A preparation method for electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, concrete steps are:
(1) potassium titanate is joined in deionized water, and ultrasonic 4 hours, then by organosilicon and and polyurethane mixed emulsion be dissolved in the deionized water containing potassium titanate, above-mentioned emulsion to be placed on magnetic stirring apparatus and to stir 24 hours continuously, be mixed with even, stable emulsion; In described uniform emulsion, the mass concentration of organosilicon and polyurethane mixed emulsion is 20%, and both mixed proportions are 1:3, and the content of potassium titanate is 5% of emulsion gross mass, and the electrical conductivity of described emulsion is 8mS/cm, and surface tension is 42mN/cm.
(2) use electrostatic spraying casing 1 shown in the drawings to spray, be first filled in jet pipe by electrostatic spraying liquid-supplying system and injection syringe needle 3 by emulsion, reception base material is cellulose paper, and receiving range is 30cm;
(3) high voltage source is opened, voltage is adjusted to 55kV, the environment temperature of electrostatic spraying is 22 DEG C, relative humidity is 15%, emulsion being sprayed onto with the jet velocity of 8mL/h receives on base material, regulate simultaneously into, the draught head of giving vent to anger between system, back draught is jetted to emulsion droplet with the speed of 70m/s, make drop at electric field force, air drag, back draught resistance, net is split under electrostatic repulsion and capillary comprehensive function, the feature of prepared nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film is spider web area coverage is 100%, average pore size is 200nm, porosity is 97%.The water pressure resistance of the nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film obtained is 130kPa, and moisture-inhibiting flux is 15800g/m 2/ d.
Embodiment 12
A preparation method for electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, concrete steps are:
(1) silver nitrate is joined in deionized water, and ultrasonic 5 hours, then polystyrene emulsion and PLA-polyethylene glycol oxide mixed emulsion are dissolved in the deionized water containing silver nitrate, above-mentioned emulsion is placed on magnetic stirring apparatus and stirs 14 hours continuously, be mixed with even, stable emulsion; In described uniform emulsion, the mass concentration of polystyrene emulsion and PLA-polyethylene glycol oxide mixed emulsion is 15%, and both mixed proportions are 2:3, and the content of silver nitrate is 12% of emulsion gross mass.The electrical conductivity of described emulsion is 9mS/cm, and surface tension is 32mN/cm.
(2) use electrostatic spraying device shown in the drawings to spray, be first filled in jet pipe by liquid-supplying system by emulsion, reception base material is non-weaving cloth, and receiving range is 50cm;
(3) high voltage source is opened, voltage is adjusted to 55kV, the environment temperature of electrostatic spraying is 25 DEG C, relative humidity is 35%, emulsion being sprayed onto with the jet velocity of 5mL/h receives on base material, regulate simultaneously into, the draught head of giving vent to anger between system, back draught is jetted to emulsion droplet with the speed of 39m/s, make drop at electric field force, air drag, back draught resistance, net is split under electrostatic repulsion and capillary comprehensive function, the feature of prepared nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film is spider web area coverage is 100%, average pore size is 190nm, porosity is 99%.The water pressure resistance of the nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film obtained is 133kPa, and moisture-inhibiting flux is 15200g/m 2/ d.
Embodiment 13
A preparation method for electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, concrete steps are:
(1) copper nitrate is dissolved in deionized water, and ultrasonic 1 hour, then Silicone-Acrylic Copolymer Emulsion is dissolved in the deionized water containing copper nitrate, and stirs 5 hours continuously with magnetic stirring apparatus, prepare even, stable emulsion; In described uniform emulsion, the mass concentration of silicone acrylate emulsion is 31%, and the content of copper nitrate is 0.08% of emulsion gross mass; The electrical conductivity of described emulsion is 0.1mS/cm, and surface tension is 20mN/cm;
(2) use electrostatic spraying casing 1 shown in the drawings to spray, be first filled in jet pipe by electrostatic spraying liquid-supplying system and injection syringe needle 3 by emulsion, receiving base material 4 is fabric, and receiving range is 10cm;
(3) high-voltage DC power supply 2 is opened, voltage is adjusted to 110kV, the environment temperature of electrostatic spraying is 15 DEG C, relative humidity is 40%, emulsion being sprayed onto with the jet velocity of 0.5mL/h receives on base material 4, regulate gas handling system 6 simultaneously, draught head between system of giving vent to anger 7, back draught is jetted to electrostatic spraying drop 5 with the speed of 10m/s, make drop at electric field force, air drag, back draught resistance, net is split under electrostatic repulsion and capillary comprehensive function, the feature of prepared nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film is spider web area coverage is 100%, average pore size is 20nm, porosity is 80%.The water pressure resistance of the nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film obtained is 135kPa, and moisture-inhibiting flux is 16000g/m 2/ d.
Embodiment 14
A preparation method for electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, concrete steps are:
(1) sodium nitrate is joined in deionized water, and ultrasonic 3 hours, then polyacrylate dispersion is dissolved in the deionized water containing sodium nitrate, above-mentioned emulsion is placed on magnetic stirring apparatus and stirs 8 hours continuously, be mixed with even, stable emulsion; In described uniform emulsion, the mass concentration of polyacrylate dispersion is 36%, and the content of sodium nitrate is 15% of emulsion gross mass, and the electrical conductivity of described emulsion is 3.5mS/cm, and surface tension is 45mN/cm.
(2) use electrostatic spraying casing 1 shown in the drawings to spray, be first filled in jet pipe by electrostatic spraying liquid-supplying system and injection syringe needle 3 by emulsion, reception base material is wire netting, and receiving range is 15cm;
(3) high voltage source is opened, voltage is adjusted to 100kV, the environment temperature of electrostatic spraying is 15 DEG C, relative humidity is 90%, emulsion being sprayed onto with the jet velocity of 2mL/h receives on base material, regulate simultaneously into, the draught head of giving vent to anger between system, back draught is jetted to emulsion droplet with the speed of 95m/s, make drop at electric field force, air drag, back draught resistance, net is split under electrostatic repulsion and capillary comprehensive function, the feature of prepared nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film is spider web area coverage is 100%, average pore size is 60nm, porosity is 85%.The water pressure resistance of the nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film obtained is 123kPa, and moisture-inhibiting flux is 15420g/m 2/ d.
Embodiment 15
A preparation method for electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, concrete steps are:
(1) sodium sulfite is joined in deionized water, and ultrasonic 6 hours, then polystyrene emulsion is dissolved in the deionized water containing sodium sulfite, above-mentioned emulsion is placed on magnetic stirring apparatus and stirs 6 hours continuously, be mixed with even, stable emulsion; In described uniform emulsion, the mass concentration of polystyrene emulsion is 30%, and the content of sodium sulfite is 1% of emulsion gross mass, and the electrical conductivity of described emulsion is 4.5mS/cm, and surface tension is 28mN/cm.
(2) use electrostatic spraying casing 1 shown in the drawings to spray, be first filled in jet pipe by electrostatic spraying liquid-supplying system and injection syringe needle 3 by emulsion, reception base material is cellulose paper, and receiving range is 50cm;
(3) high voltage source is opened, voltage is adjusted to 90kV, the environment temperature of electrostatic spraying is 30 DEG C, relative humidity is 50%, emulsion being sprayed onto with the jet velocity of 6mL/h receives on base material, regulate simultaneously into, the draught head of giving vent to anger between system, back draught is jetted to emulsion droplet with the speed of 60m/s, make drop at electric field force, air drag, back draught resistance, net is split under electrostatic repulsion and capillary comprehensive function, the feature of prepared nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film is spider web area coverage is 100%, average pore size is 100nm, porosity is 90%.The water pressure resistance of the nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film obtained is 125kPa, and moisture-inhibiting flux is 15440g/m 2/ d.
Embodiment 16
A preparation method for electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, concrete steps are:
(1) calcium chloride, zinc chloride and iron chloride are joined in a certain amount of deionized water, and ultrasonic 20 hours, then interpolymer latex of polystyrene and acrylic ester is dissolved in the deionized water of chloride containing calcium, zinc chloride and iron chloride, above-mentioned emulsion is placed on magnetic stirring apparatus and stirs 15 hours continuously, be mixed with even, stable emulsion; In described uniform emulsion, the mass concentration of interpolymer latex of polystyrene and acrylic ester is 2%, and the content of calcium chloride, zinc chloride and iron chloride is 1.5% of emulsion gross mass, and the ratio of three's mixing is 1:2:4, the electrical conductivity of described emulsion is 6.5mS/cm, and surface tension is 20mN/cm.
(2) use electrostatic spraying casing 1 shown in the drawings to spray, be first filled in jet pipe by electrostatic spraying liquid-supplying system and injection syringe needle 3 by emulsion, reception base material is aluminium foil, and receiving range is 25cm;
(3) high voltage source is opened, voltage is adjusted to 86kV, the environment temperature of electrostatic spraying is 20 DEG C, relative humidity is 55%, emulsion being sprayed onto with the jet velocity of 15mL/h receives on base material, regulate simultaneously into, the draught head of giving vent to anger between system, back draught is jetted to emulsion droplet with the speed of 23m/s, make drop at electric field force, air drag, back draught resistance, net is split under electrostatic repulsion and capillary comprehensive function, the feature of prepared nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film is spider web area coverage is 100%, average pore size is 150nm, porosity is 95%.The water pressure resistance of the nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film obtained is 127kPa, and moisture-inhibiting flux is 15460g/m 2/ d.
Embodiment 17
A preparation method for electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, concrete steps are:
(1) that extracts organic silicon emulsion and polyvinyl acetate emulsion mixes emulsion; In this uniform emulsion, the mass concentration of organosilicon and polyvinyl acetate mixed emulsion is 20%, and both mixed proportions are 1:3, and the electrical conductivity of described emulsion is 7.1mS/cm, and surface tension is 36mN/cm.
(2) use electrostatic spraying casing 1 shown in the drawings to spray, be first filled in jet pipe by electrostatic spraying liquid-supplying system and injection syringe needle 3 by emulsion, reception base material is cellulose paper, and receiving range is 30cm;
(3) high voltage source is opened, voltage is adjusted to 75kV, the environment temperature of electrostatic spraying is 22 DEG C, relative humidity is 15%, emulsion being sprayed onto with the jet velocity of 8mL/h receives on base material, regulate simultaneously into, the draught head of giving vent to anger between system, back draught is jetted to emulsion droplet with the speed of 66m/s, make drop at electric field force, air drag, back draught resistance, net is split under electrostatic repulsion and capillary comprehensive function, the feature of prepared nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film is spider web area coverage is 100%, average pore size is 200nm, porosity is 97%.The water pressure resistance of the nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film obtained is 129kPa, and moisture-inhibiting flux is 15640g/m 2/ d.
Embodiment 18
A preparation method for electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, concrete steps are:
(1) polyaminoester emulsion is extracted; In this emulsion, the mass concentration of polyaminoester emulsion is 15%, and the electrical conductivity of described emulsion is 10mS/cm, and surface tension is 35mN/cm.
(2) use electrostatic spraying device shown in the drawings to spray, be first filled in jet pipe by liquid-supplying system by emulsion, reception base material is non-weaving cloth, and receiving range is 50cm;
(3) high voltage source is opened, voltage is adjusted to 50kV, the environment temperature of electrostatic spraying is 25 DEG C, relative humidity is 35%, emulsion being sprayed onto with the jet velocity of 5mL/h receives on base material, regulate simultaneously into, the draught head of giving vent to anger between system, back draught is jetted to emulsion droplet with the speed of 65m/s, make drop at electric field force, air drag, back draught resistance, net is split under electrostatic repulsion and capillary comprehensive function, the feature of prepared nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film is spider web area coverage is 100%, average pore size is 190nm, porosity is 99%.The water pressure resistance of the nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film obtained is 130kPa, and moisture-inhibiting flux is 15680g/m 2/ d.
Embodiment 19
A preparation method for electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, concrete steps are:
(1) polyacrylate dispersion is extracted; In this emulsion, the mass concentration of polyacrylate dispersion is 40%, and the electrical conductivity of described emulsion is 7mS/cm, and surface tension is 30mN/cm.
(2) use electrostatic spraying device shown in the drawings to spray, be first filled in jet pipe by liquid-supplying system by emulsion, reception base material is non-weaving cloth, and receiving range is 50cm;
(3) high voltage source is opened, voltage is adjusted to 76kV, the environment temperature of electrostatic spraying is 25 DEG C, relative humidity is 35%, emulsion being sprayed onto with the jet velocity of 5mL/h receives on base material, regulate simultaneously into, the draught head of giving vent to anger between system, back draught is jetted to emulsion droplet with the speed of 39m/s, make drop at electric field force, air drag, back draught resistance, net is split under electrostatic repulsion and capillary comprehensive function, the feature of prepared nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film is spider web area coverage is 100%, average pore size is 190nm, porosity is 99%.The water pressure resistance of the nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film obtained is 125kPa, and moisture-inhibiting flux is 15880g/m 2/ d.
Embodiment 20
A preparation method for electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, concrete steps are:
(1) that extracts polystyrene emulsion, PLA-caprolactone emulsion and polyvinyl acetate emulsion mixes emulsion; In this uniform emulsion, the mass concentration of organosilicon and polyvinyl acetate mixed emulsion is 20%, and both mixed proportions are 1:2:3, and the electrical conductivity of described emulsion is 7.5mS/cm, and surface tension is 36mN/cm.
(2) use electrostatic spraying casing 1 shown in the drawings to spray, be first filled in jet pipe by electrostatic spraying liquid-supplying system and injection syringe needle 3 by emulsion, reception base material is cellulose paper, and receiving range is 30cm;
(3) high voltage source is opened, voltage is adjusted to 56kV, the environment temperature of electrostatic spraying is 22 DEG C, relative humidity is 15%, emulsion being sprayed onto with the jet velocity of 8mL/h receives on base material, regulate simultaneously into, the draught head of giving vent to anger between system, back draught is jetted to emulsion droplet with the speed of 70m/s, make drop at electric field force, air drag, back draught resistance, net is split under electrostatic repulsion and capillary comprehensive function, the feature of prepared nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film is spider web area coverage is 100%, average pore size is 200nm, porosity is 97%.The water pressure resistance of the nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film obtained is 123kPa, and moisture-inhibiting flux is 16020g/m 2/ d.

Claims (10)

1. the preparation method of an electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, it is characterized in that: in electrostatic spraying process, with the injection direction that back draught is being parallel to polymer emulsion drop, drop is jetted, when impelling drop to fly in the electric field, stress deformation forms liquid film, and then be separated, form nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film at reception substrate surface; Described nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film is the two-dimension netted material with stable hexagonal meshes structure; Water pressure resistance>=the 120kPa of gained nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, moisture-inhibiting flux>=15000g/m 2/ d.
2. the preparation method of a kind of electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the character of described polymer emulsion: mass concentration is 2 ~ 40%, surface tension range is 10 ~ 50mN/m, and conductivity range is 0.05 ~ 10mS/cm.
3. the preparation method of a kind of electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the winding-up flow velocity of described back draught is 1 ~ 100m/s; When polymer emulsion surface tension is 10 ~ 25mN/m, back draught injecting velocity is 1 ~ 35m/s; When polymer emulsion surface tension is 26 ~ 35mN/m, back draught injecting velocity is 36 ~ 65m/s; When polymer emulsion surface tension is 36 ~ 50mN/m, back draught injecting velocity is 66 ~ 100m/s.
4. the preparation method of a kind of electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described polymer emulsion is straight polymer emulsion or the polymer emulsion containing at least one inorganic salts.
5. the preparation method of a kind of electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described straight polymer emulsion is a kind of or several arbitrarily combination in polyaminoester emulsion, polyacrylate dispersion, organic silicon emulsion, polystyrene emulsion, polyvinyl acetate emulsion, PLA-caprolactone emulsion, PLA-polyethylene glycol oxide emulsion, polyurethane acrylic emulsion copolymerization emulsion, interpolymer latex of polystyrene and acrylic ester, vinyl acetate-acrylic copolymer emulsion, Silicone-Acrylic Copolymer Emulsion.
6. the preparation method of a kind of electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the described polymer emulsion containing at least one inorganic salts is the mixture of inorganic salts and straight polymer emulsion, and described inorganic salts are any one or a few the mixture in calcium chloride, lithium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium chloride, iron chloride, zinc chloride, barium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potash, silver nitrate, copper nitrate, sodium nitrate, sodium sulfite and lithium bromide.
7. the preparation method of a kind of electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the addition of described inorganic salts is 0.01 ~ 15% of described polymer emulsion gross mass; Layoutprocedure: first inorganic salts are joined in deionized water, and ultrasonic 1 ~ 20 hour, then straight polymer emulsion is added wherein, and stir 5 ~ 24 hours continuously with magnetic stirring apparatus, be mixed with even and stable emulsion.
8. the preparation method of a kind of electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the voltage of described electrostatic spraying process is 50 ~ 120kV, receiving range is 10 ~ 50cm, rate of flooding is 0.1 ~ 15mL/h, temperature 15 ~ 30 DEG C, relative humidity 15 ~ 90%; When polymer emulsion electrical conductivity is 0.05 ~ 4.0mS/cm, voltage is 96 ~ 120kV; When polymer emulsion electrical conductivity is 4.1 ~ 7.0mS/cm, voltage is 76 ~ 95kV; When polymer emulsion electrical conductivity is 7.1 ~ 10.0mS/cm, voltage is 50 ~ 75kV.
9. the preparation method of a kind of electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described reception base material is fabric, wire netting, cellulose paper, aluminium foil or non-weaving cloth.
10. the nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film obtained by preparation method of a kind of electrostatic spraying nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film is the two-dimension netted material with stable hexagonal meshes structure, spider web area coverage is 100%, structural intergrity is good, average pore size is 10 ~ 200nm, porosity of=80%, the water pressure resistance>=120kPa of gained nanometer spider web waterproof humidity-permeant film, moisture-inhibiting flux>=15000g/m 2/ d.
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