CN104562077B - Artificial zeolite modified titanium-based fluorine-containing lead dioxide electrode and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Artificial zeolite modified titanium-based fluorine-containing lead dioxide electrode and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an artificial zeolite modified titanium-based fluorine-containing lead dioxide electrode and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the lead dioxide electrode comprises the following steps: by taking a titanium plate as a base body, polishing the titanium plate, removing oil pollution and acid-etching; thermally depositing an antimony-tin oxide base layer and then electrodepositing an alpha-PbO2 intermediate layer in an alkaline plating solution; and finally, electrodepositing a beta-PbO2 surface layer in an acidic plating solution containing artificial zeolite. The artificial zeolite modified titanium-based fluorine-containing lead dioxide electrode prepared by the invention has the advantages of large specific surface area, high oxygen evolution potential, strong electrocatalytic oxidation activity and long service life, and the preparation method is simple to operate and low in cost, so that the electrode is an electrode material with development potential for an electrocatalytic oxidation process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to water technology and electrochemical field, are related to a kind of for organic dirt in Electro-catalytic Oxidation Process water
Modified titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin of permutite of dye thing and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Lead oxide brown has the satisfactory electrical conductivity similar with metal, also high with overpotential for oxygen evolution, and corrosion resistance is strong, urge
Change activity high, hardness is big, the advantages of cheap, in nineteen thirties with regard to someone using lead dioxide electrode as anode
In being applied to commercial production.Initially, lead dioxide electrode is plate-like without matrix, therefore there are problems that many:Electrode distorts
Greatly, hard and compact, machining difficulty etc..With the research that deepens continuously to lead dioxide electrode, occur in that successively with graphite,
Lead dioxide electrode based on plastics, ceramics, precious metal, titanium plate.Wherein, titanium plate good conductivity, corrosion resistance are strong, be easy to
Processing, and thermal coefficient of expansion is close with Lead oxide brown, the disbonding phenomenon caused because of temperature change is easily overcome, so extensive
For the matrix of lead dioxide electrode.
Although ti-supported lead dioxide electric pole have the advantages that it is above-mentioned, also exist in present applications ' the tail must be taken current efficiency it is low and
The shortcoming that the service life of electrode falls short of.Therefore, research worker is attempted being mixed using various preparation technologies or in deposition liquid
Miscellaneous external active substance improves the catalysis activity and stability of electrode.For example:Patent CN101054684A provides a kind of fluorine-containing two
The preparation method of lead dioxide electrode, its obtained lead dioxide electrode has that coating internal stress is little, adhesion is good and electrode life
Long advantage;Patent CN101417831 proposes a kind of high absorption property granule(Such as Powdered Activated Carbon or shitosan)And one kind
Active metal(Such as bismuth, nickel, lanthanum, cerium, erbium)Modified titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin, its have electrode cost it is relatively low, oxidation
Little and electrode life length the advantage of the organic pollutants higher, internal stress of activity.
It can be seen that, the rational modified catalysis activity and service life that can improve lead dioxide electrode.For this purpose, it is proposed that profit
Lead dioxide electrode is modified with permutite, to improve the electrocatalytic oxidation activity of lead dioxide electrode and use the longevity
Life.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is:Modified titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin of a kind of permutite and preparation method thereof is provided,
And using the electrode Electro-catalytic Oxidation Process organic pollutants, obtained lead dioxide electrode has electrocatalytic oxidation activity
Height, long service life, preparation method be simple, it is cheap the advantages of.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, and the modified titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin of the permutite includes:
Titanium plate matrix;
Tin-antimony oxide bottom of the heat deposition on titanium plate matrix;
α-the PbO being electrodeposited on tin-antimony oxide bottom2Intermediate layer;
It is electrodeposited in α-PbO2Permutite modified fluoride-containing β-PbO on intermediate layer2Surface activity layer.
The preparation method of the modified titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin of described permutite is comprised the following steps:
1., the pretreatment of Titanium base:First with the sand paper of 120 mesh, 600 mesh and 1200 mesh polish successively titanium plate matrix until
Silvery white metallic luster is presented;5 ~ 10 points of supersound process in again the titanium plate matrix polished being sequentially placed into into acetone and deionized water
Clock, removes the greasy dirt and other impurity on titanium plate surface;Then the titanium plate matrix after supersound process is immersed in oxalic acid etching liquid
Etch 1 ~ 4 hour under conditions of 80 DEG C ~ micro-boiling, the titanium plate matrix after etching is placed in into oxalic acid after taking-up and preserves preservation in liquid.
Described oxalic acid etching liquid is that 87 ~ 176 grams of oxalic acid are dissolved in 1 liter of deionized water, stirs and is formulated;Institute
It is that 10 grams of oxalic acid are dissolved in 1 liter of deionized water that the oxalic acid stated preserves liquid, stirs and is formulated.
2., the preparation of tin-antimony oxide bottom:Butter of tin and Butter of antimony. are dissolved in into concentrated hydrochloric acid and isopropanol mixing is molten
Coating liquid is made in liquid, coating liquid is coated on the titanium plate matrix surface after 1. middle process, 120 DEG C in the electrically heated drying cabinet at
Drying 10 minutes, then the titanium plate matrix of drying is placed in in Muffle furnace roasting 10 minutes at 500 DEG C, so repetition 5 to 10 times, most
Afterwards roasting time once in Muffle furnace is 1 hour, naturally cools to room temperature.
③、α-PbO2The preparation in intermediate layer:The titanium plate matrix with tin-antimony oxide bottom that 2. step is prepared as
Anode, the corrosion resistant plate of homalographic as negative electrode, the electro-deposition α-PbO in the alkali plating solution dissolved with PbO2Intermediate layer, electro-deposition
Electric current density be 1 ~ 5mA/cm2, depositing temperature is 30 ~ 60 DEG C, and sedimentation time is 0.5 ~ 2 hour.
4., permutite modified fluoride-containing β-PbO2The preparation of surface activity layer:By step 3. in it is obtained with α-PbO2In
The titanium plate matrix of interbed is being mixed with the acid fluorine-containing nitric acid of permutite as anode, the corrosion resistant plate of homalographic as negative electrode
Electro-deposition permutite modified fluoride-containing β-PbO in lead plating solution2Surface activity layer, electro-deposition electric current density is 5 ~ 50mA/cm2, deposition
Temperature is 40 ~ 80 DEG C, and sedimentation time is 0.5 ~ 2 hour.
Step 2. described in coating liquid be by 15 ~ 25 grams of butter of tin, 1 ~ 5 gram of Butter of antimony., mass concentration be 37% dense
10 ~ 15 milliliters of hydrochloric acid, the mixing of 50 ~ 100 milliliters of isopropanol, and stir and be formulated.
Step 3. described in the alkali plating solution dissolved with PbO be that PbO and sodium hydroxide are added in deionized water, heating
Stir to PbO and be completely dissolved, naturally cool to room temperature configuration and form, each component content of plating solution is rubbed for PbO 0.05 ~ 0.12
You/liter, the mol/L of sodium hydroxide 3.0 ~ 4.0.
Step 4. described in the acid fluorine-containing plumbi nitrass plating solution for being mixed with permutite be by plumbi nitrass, nitric acid, artificial boiling
Stone, sodium fluoride are dissolved in deionized water, are stirred and are formulated, and each component content of plating solution is that plumbi nitrass 0.4 ~ 0.6 rub
You/liter, nitric acid(65wt%)35 ~ 55 ml ls, 0.5 ~ 10 g/l of permutite, the mol/L of sodium fluoride 0.01 ~ 0.06.
The present invention has following features:
(1)The surface activity layer of the lead dioxide electrode prepared by the present invention is permutite modified fluoride-containing β-PbO2Layer.
(2)The present invention is modified by permutite, and the oxygen evolution potential for making lead dioxide electrode brings up to 1.82V by 1.5V,
It is molten using the modified titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin Electro-catalytic Oxidation Process metanitrophenol of permutite prepared by the present invention
Total organic Carbon removal is up to 1.77 times of common titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin in liquid, and the more common titanio of service life is fluorine-containing
Lead dioxide electrode improves 5.4 times.
(3)There is difficult for biological degradation in the modified titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin degradation water of permutite prepared by the present invention
Organic pollutants, process is simple, substantially, convenient management, the processing method for being adapted as organic wastewater is independently operated, and also can make effect
Pretreatment technology and other technical tie-ups for bioanalysises is used.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the modified titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin of permutite of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of common titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin.
Fig. 3 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the modified titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin of permutite of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the modified titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin of permutite of the present invention and the fluorine-containing titanium dioxide of common titanio
Polarization curve of the lead electrode in metabisulfite solution.
Fig. 5 is the modified titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin of permutite of the present invention and the fluorine-containing titanium dioxide of common titanio
Accelerating lifetime testing curve chart of the lead electrode in sulfuric acid solution.
Specific embodiment
For the ease of the comparison of product of the present invention, we are prepared for common titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin, concrete to prepare
Method is as follows:
(1)Successively with 120 mesh, 600 mesh and 1200 mesh sand papering titanium plate matrixes(30 millimeters × 50 millimeters × 0.8 milli
Rice), until titanium plate matrix is presented silvery white metallic luster, the titanium plate matrix polished is sequentially placed in acetone and deionized water
Supersound process 5 ~ 10 minutes, removes the greasy dirt and other impurity of matrix surface;Then the titanium plate matrix after supersound process is soaked
In oxalic acid etching liquid(Oxalic acid etching liquid is that 150 grams of oxalic acid are dissolved in 1 liter of deionized water, stirs and is formulated)85
Etch 2 hours at DEG C, oxalic acid is placed in after taking-up and preserves liquid(It is that 10 grams of oxalic acid are dissolved in 1 liter of deionized water that oxalic acid preserves liquid, is stirred
Mix and be uniformly formulated)Middle preservation.
(2)Coating liquid is made during butter of tin and Butter of antimony. are dissolved in into concentrated hydrochloric acid and isopropyl alcohol mixture(Coating liquid
It is that 20 grams of butters of tin, 2 grams of Butter of antimony., 13 milliliters of mass concentrations are 37% concentrated hydrochloric acid, 87 milliliters of isopropanol mixing, and are stirred
Mix and be uniformly formulated), by step(1)In be stored in oxalic acid preserve liquid in titanium plate matrix take out, using deionized water clean
Surface, coating liquid is coated on clean titanium plate matrix, 120 DEG C in the electrically heated drying cabinet at dry 10 minutes, then will drying
Titanium plate matrix afterwards is placed in Muffle furnace roasting 10 minutes at 500 DEG C, is so repeated 8 times, for the last time the roasting in Muffle furnace
The burning time is 1 hour, naturally cools to room temperature, obtains the titanium plate matrix with tin-antimony oxide bottom.
(3)By step(2)Prepare the titanium plate matrix with tin-antimony oxide bottom as anode, with the stainless of homalographic
Steel plate is used as negative electrode, the electro-deposition in 100 milliliters of alkali plating solutions dissolved with 0.1 mol/L PbO and 3.5 mol/L sodium hydroxide
α-PbO2Intermediate layer, the electric current density of electro-deposition is 3mA/cm2, depositing temperature is 40 DEG C, and sedimentation time is 1 hour.Use deionization
After water is cleaned, obtain with α-PbO2The titanium plate matrix in intermediate layer.
(4)By step(3)Prepare with α-PbO2The titanium plate matrix in intermediate layer is used as anode, the corrosion resistant plate of homalographic
As negative electrode, the electro-deposition β-PbO in 100 milliliters of acidic baths2Surface activity layer, plating solution each component content is plumbi nitrass 0.5
Mol/L, nitric acid(65wt %)45 ml ls, the mol/L of sodium fluoride 0.05, electro-deposition electric current density is 15mA/cm2, deposition
Temperature is 65 DEG C, and sedimentation time is 1 hour, obtains the common titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin for preparing, as shown in Figure 2:
As can be seen from Fig., common titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin is piled up by a large amount of pyramid Lead oxide brown crystal grains and is formed.
Using three-electrode electro Chemical test system, on Autolab electrochemical workstations, with the common titanio for preparing
Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin is working electrode, and platinum plate electrode is to electrode, saturated calomel electrode(SCE)For reference electrode, in room
Under temperature, polarization of electrode curve is determined in the metabisulfite solution of 0.5 mol/L, sweep speed is 50mV/s, bent such as in accompanying drawing 4
Line 1, the oxygen evolution potential for measuring common titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin is 1.5V.
With the common titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin for preparing as working electrode, platinum electrode is, to electrode, to rub in 1
You/liter sulfuric acid solution in, 1A/cm2Electric current density under determine the accelerated aging curve of electrode, such as curve 1 in accompanying drawing 4 is surveyed
The reinforcing life for obtaining common titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin is 56 hours.
The common titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin for preparing is adopted for anode, the corrosion resistant plate of homalographic is negative electrode,
Electrode spacing is 1 centimetre, electrocatalytic oxidation water intermediate nitro phenol, and the concentration of metanitrophenol is 50 mg/litres, and 0.05 rubs
You/liter sodium sulfate do supporting electrolyte, the volume of solution is 200 milliliters, and electrocatalytic oxidation electric current density is 30mA/cm2, temperature
Spend for 30 DEG C, the clearance of metanitrophenol is 86.7% after reacting 120 minutes, and total organic carbon goes in solution after reacting 180 minutes
Except rate reaches 35.7%.
The specific embodiment for preparing product of the present invention is as follows:
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1:The structure of the modified titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin of the permutite of the present invention includes:
Titanium plate matrix 1;
Tin-antimony oxide bottom 2 of the heat deposition on titanium plate matrix;
α-the PbO being electrodeposited on tin-antimony oxide bottom 22Intermediate layer 3;
It is electrodeposited in α-PbO2Permutite modified fluoride-containing β-PbO on intermediate layer 32Surface activity layer 4.
Preparation method is as follows:
(1)Successively with 120 mesh, 600 mesh and 1200 mesh sand papering titanium plate matrixes(30 millimeters × 50 millimeters × 0.8 milli
Rice), until titanium plate matrix is presented silvery white metallic luster, the titanium plate matrix polished is sequentially placed in acetone and deionized water
Supersound process 5 ~ 10 minutes, removes the greasy dirt and other impurity of matrix surface;Then the titanium plate matrix after supersound process is soaked
In oxalic acid etching liquid(Oxalic acid etching liquid is that 150 grams of oxalic acid are dissolved in 1 liter of deionized water, stirs and is formulated)85
Etch 2 hours at DEG C, oxalic acid is placed in after taking-up and preserves liquid(It is that 10 grams of oxalic acid are dissolved in 1 liter of deionized water that oxalic acid preserves liquid, is stirred
Mix and be uniformly formulated)Middle preservation.
(2)Coating liquid is made during butter of tin and Butter of antimony. are dissolved in into concentrated hydrochloric acid and isopropyl alcohol mixture(Coating liquid
It is that 20 grams of butters of tin, 2 grams of Butter of antimony., 13 milliliters of mass concentrations are 37% concentrated hydrochloric acid, 87 milliliters of isopropanol mixing, and are stirred
Mix and be uniformly formulated), by step(1)In be stored in oxalic acid preserve liquid in titanium plate matrix take out, using deionized water clean
Surface, coating liquid is coated on clean titanium plate matrix, 120 DEG C in the electrically heated drying cabinet at dry 10 minutes, then will drying
Titanium plate matrix afterwards is placed in Muffle furnace roasting 10 minutes at 500 DEG C, is so repeated 8 times, for the last time the roasting in Muffle furnace
The burning time is 1 hour, naturally cools to room temperature, obtains the titanium plate matrix with tin-antimony oxide bottom.
(3)By step(2)Prepare the titanium plate matrix with tin-antimony oxide bottom as anode, with the stainless of homalographic
Steel plate is used as negative electrode, the electro-deposition in 100 milliliters of alkali plating solutions dissolved with 0.1 mol/L PbO and 3.5 mol/L sodium hydroxide
α-PbO2Intermediate layer, the electric current density of electro-deposition is 3mA/cm2, depositing temperature is 40 DEG C, and sedimentation time is 1 hour.Use deionization
After water is cleaned, obtain with α-PbO2The titanium plate matrix in intermediate layer.
(4)By step(3)Prepare with α-PbO2The titanium plate matrix in intermediate layer is used as anode, the corrosion resistant plate of homalographic
As negative electrode, the electro-deposition β-PbO in 100 milliliters of acidic baths2Surface activity layer, plating solution each component content is plumbi nitrass 0.5
Mol/L, nitric acid(65wt %)45 ml ls, permutite(20 ~ 40 mesh, Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Sinopharm Group)1 gram/
Liter, the mol/L of sodium fluoride 0.05, electro-deposition electric current density is 15mA/cm2, depositing temperature is 65 DEG C, and sedimentation time is 1 hour,
Obtain permutite modified fluoride-containing β-PbO2Surface activity layer, such as accompanying drawing 3.Permutite is modified two are can be seen that from figure
Lead oxide crystal grain is still pyramid, but surface becomes coarse, out-of-flatness, the specific surface area increase of electrode.
Using three-electrode electro Chemical test system, on Autolab electrochemical workstations, with the permutite for preparing
Modified titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin is working electrode, and platinum plate electrode is to electrode, saturated calomel electrode(SCE)For reference electricity
Pole, at room temperature, determines polarization of electrode curve in the metabisulfite solution of 0.5 mol/L, sweep speed is 50mV/s, such as attached
Curve 2 in Fig. 4, the oxygen evolution potential for measuring electrode is 1.8V, higher than common titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin, beneficial to electrode current
Efficiency is raised.
With the modified titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin of the permutite for preparing as working electrode, platinum electrode is to electricity
Pole, in the sulfuric acid solution of 200 milliliter of 1 mol/L, the concentration of sulfuric acid solution is 98%, 1A/cm2Electric current density under determine electricity
Curve 2 in the accelerated aging curve of pole, such as accompanying drawing 4, the reinforcing life for measuring electrode is 300 hours, is common titanio fluorine-containing two
5.4 times of lead dioxide electrode.
The modified titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin of the permutite for preparing is adopted for anode, the corrosion resistant plate of homalographic
For negative electrode, electrode spacing is 1 centimetre, electrocatalytic oxidation water intermediate nitro phenol, and the concentration of metanitrophenol is 50 mg/litres,
The sodium sulfate of 0.05 mol/L does supporting electrolyte, and the volume of solution is 200 milliliters, and electric current density is 30mA/cm2, temperature is
30 DEG C, the clearance of metanitrophenol is 98.6% after reacting 120 minutes, is the 1.14 of common titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin
Times;Total organic Carbon removal can reach 63.1% in solution after reacting 180 minutes, be common titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin
1.77 again.
Embodiment 2:
The preparation method of electrode is with embodiment 1.
Except that using electro-deposition permutite modified fluoride-containing β-PbO2The acidic bath of surface activity layer it is each
Constituent content is:The mol/L of plumbi nitrass 0.5, nitric acid(65wt %)45 ml ls, permutite(20 ~ 40 mesh, Chinese medicines group
Learn reagent company limited)5 g/l, the mol/L of sodium fluoride 0.05, obtain the modified titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin of permutite,
Electrode pattern is close with embodiment 1.
Using three-electrode electro Chemical test system, on Autolab electrochemical workstations, with the permutite for preparing
Modified titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin is working electrode, and platinum plate electrode is to electrode, saturated calomel electrode(SCE)For reference electricity
Pole, at room temperature, determines polarization of electrode curve in the metabisulfite solution of 0.5 mol/L, sweep speed is 50mV/s, is measured
The oxygen evolution potential of electrode is 1.75V, higher than common titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin, is raised beneficial to electrode current efficiency.
With the modified titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin of the permutite for preparing as working electrode, platinum electrode is to electricity
Pole, in the sulfuric acid solution of 1 mol/L, 1A/cm2Electric current density under determine electrode accelerated aging curve, such as in accompanying drawing 4
Curve 2, the reinforcing life for measuring electrode is 253 hours, is 4.5 times of common titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin.
The modified titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin of the permutite for preparing is adopted for anode, the corrosion resistant plate of homalographic
For negative electrode, electrode spacing is 1 centimetre, electrocatalytic oxidation water intermediate nitro phenol, and the concentration of metanitrophenol is 50 mg/litres,
The sodium sulfate of 0.05 mol/L does supporting electrolyte, and the volume of solution is 200 milliliters, and electric current density is 30mA/cm2, temperature is
30 DEG C, metanitrophenol clearance, up to 97.1%, is the 1.12 of common titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin after reacting 120 minutes
Times;Total organic Carbon removal can reach 60.7% in solution after reacting 180 minutes, be common titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin
1.70 again.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of modified titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin of permutite, the structure of the electrode includes:Titanium plate matrix, heat deposition exist
Tin-antimony oxide bottom on titanium plate matrix, the α-PbO being electrodeposited on tin-antimony oxide bottom2Intermediate layer, it is characterised in that:
It also includes being electrodeposited in α-PbO2Permutite modified fluoride-containing β-PbO on intermediate layer2Surface activity layer;
The modified titanio Lead dioxide anode modifiedby fluorine resin of above-mentioned permutite is prepared by following methods, and methods described includes the pre- of Titanium base
Process, the preparation of tin-antimony oxide bottom, α-PbO2The preparation in intermediate layer and permutite modified fluoride-containing β-PbO2Surface activity layer
Four steps of preparation, the permutite modified fluoride-containing β-PbO2The preparation of surface activity layer is by with α-PbO2Intermediate layer
Titanium plate matrix as anode, the corrosion resistant plate of homalographic is plated as negative electrode in the acid fluorine-containing plumbi nitrass for being mixed with permutite
Electro-deposition permutite modified fluoride-containing β-PbO in liquid2Surface activity layer, the electric current density of electro-deposition is 5~50mA/cm2, deposition
Temperature is 40~80 DEG C, and sedimentation time is 0.5~2 hour;The described acid fluorine-containing plumbi nitrass plating solution for being mixed with permutite is
Plumbi nitrass, nitric acid, permutite, sodium fluoride are dissolved in deionized water, are stirred and is formulated, each component contains in plating solution
Amount is the mol/L of plumbi nitrass 0.4~0.6, the ml l of nitric acid 35~55 of 65wt%, 0.5~10 g/l of permutite, fluorination
The mol/L of sodium 0.01~0.06.
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