CN104561629B - The method that addition Graphene improves TiAl alloy performance - Google Patents
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Abstract
The method that addition Graphene improves TiAl alloy performance, it is related to a kind of method for improving TiAl alloy performance.Worn no resistance the invention aims to solve existing TiAl alloy, more than 700 DEG C inoxidizability are not enough and the problems such as poor mechanical property.Graphene is mixed with TiAl prealloy powder by the method for mechanical dispersion, the TiAl mixed powders of graphene uniform distribution are prepared, densification then is carried out to mixed powder, obtained TiAl alloy.Graphene dispersion is uniform in TiAl mixed powders prepared by the method, reunites without appearance, and tiny Sheet Graphite alkene is wrapped in TiAl prealloy powder, forms good contact interface；Part Graphene keeps reset condition in the TiAl alloy of densification, is uniformly distributed.The wearability of the TiAl alloy that the present invention is obtained, inoxidizability and mechanical property are improved.The present invention can obtain the method that addition Graphene improves TiAl alloy performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for improving TiAl alloy performance.
Background technology
TiAl alloy has that density is low, specific strength is high, specific stiffness is high, and good high-temperature oxidation resistant, creep-resistant property,
It is a kind of very potential lightweight high-temperature structural material, is the preferred material of Aero-Space engine component.But TiAl is closed
Gold wears no resistance, more than 700 DEG C inoxidizability not enough and hinders the practical of TiAl alloy the problems such as poor mechanical property etc..Workpiece
Abrasion and oxidation always since surface, the failure on surface frequently can lead to the damage of whole part.As structural material
TiAl alloy, further improves the plasticity of the intensity without infringement TiAl alloy of TiAl alloy, is always the main attack of researcher
Direction.Graphene is currently most thin in the world but most hard nano material, and single-layer graphene thickness is only 0.3354nm, but
Specific surface area is but up to 2630m2/ g, intensity is 130Gpa, and Young's modulus is 1100Gpa, and fracture strength is up to 125Gpa, is each
The preferable reinforcement of material is planted, preparation TiAl based composites in TiAl alloy are added to, is to improve TiAl alloy intensity
More excellent solution.Therefore, if Graphene can be added in TiAl alloy, and its original form is kept, and is uniformly divided
Cloth will be of great significance to the tool such as the wearability of improvement TiAl alloy, inoxidizability and mechanical property.
TiAl prealloy powder has tissue and composition uniformly, and the impurity content such as oxygen is low, is suitable as raw material preparation TiAl and closes
Gold.The present invention after uniform mixing, then by densification, is prepared using Graphene is added in TiAl prealloy powder
The TiAl alloy of graphene-containing.
The content of the invention
Worn no resistance the invention aims to solve existing TiAl alloy, more than 700 DEG C inoxidizability are not enough and mechanics
The problems such as poor performance.And the addition method that Graphene improves TiAl alloy performance is provided.
The method that addition Graphene improves TiAl alloy performance, is specifically realized by the following steps：
First, TiAl pre-alloyed powders prepare：It is Ti- (40~50) to weigh the nominal formula that particle diameter is 0.5 μm~325 μm
The TiAl pre-alloyed powders of Al- (0.1~10) X (at%)；
In Ti- (40~50) Al- (0.1~10) X (at%) described in step one X be Mo, Cr, Nb, V, Si, Fe, Zr,
One kind or wherein several mixing in Mn, B, W and Y；
Name chemistry described in step one is the TiAl prealloy powder of Ti- (40~50) Al- (0.1~10) X (at%)
End is prepared by inert gas atomizer technology or PREP technology；
2nd, the TiAl mixed powders of graphene-containing are prepared：
The particle diameter that will be weighed in step one be 0.5 μm~325 μm nominal formula for Ti- (40~50) Al- (0.1~
10) the TiAl pre-alloyed powders and graphene powder of X (at%) are added in mixed powder machine, are turned with mixed powder under inert gas shielding
To mix powder under conditions of 10r/min~300r/min, mixed powder 0.5h~2.5h, stops mixed powder 5min~20min to speed every time, until
Total mixed powder time is 2h~50h, stops mixed powder, obtains the TiAl mixed powders of graphene uniform distribution；
Graphene powder and the mass ratio of TiAl pre-alloyed powders described in step 2 are (0.0001~0.05):1；
3rd, densification：The TiAl mixed powders of the graphene uniform distribution that step 2 is obtained carry out densification,
Obtain TiAl alloy；
Densification described in step 3 is through the one kind in hot pressed sintering, discharge plasma sintering and high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP)
Or several processed.
Densification described in step 3 is through the one kind in hot pressed sintering, discharge plasma sintering and high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP)
Or several processed.
The method that addition Graphene improves TiAl alloy performance, is specifically realized by the following steps：
First, raw material prepare：It is Ti- (40~50) Al- (0.1 to weigh the nominal formula that particle diameter is 0.5 μm~325 μm
The TiAl pre-alloyed powders of~10) X (at%)；
In Ti- (40~50) Al- (0.1~10) X (at%) described in step one X be Mo, Cr, Nb, V, Si, Fe, Zr,
One kind or wherein several mixing in Mn, B, W and Y；
Name chemistry described in step one is the TiAl prealloy powder of Ti- (40~50) Al- (0.1~10) X (at%)
End is prepared by inert gas atomizer technology or PREP technology；
2nd, dispersed graphite alkene：Graphene is added in dispersant, the ultrasound point in the case where ultrasonic power is 100W~1500W
0.1h~4h is dissipated, scattered Graphene liquid is obtained；Scattered Graphene liquid is dried in the case where temperature is for 40 DEG C~100 DEG C again
0.1h~4h, obtains dry scattered graphene powder；
Dispersant described in step 2 is absolute ethyl alcohol or acetone；
Graphene described in step 2 is one or more layers Graphene；
The quality of the Graphene described in step 2 is (0.001g~10g) with the volume ratio of dispersant:1000mL；
3rd, the TiAl mixed powders of graphene-containing are prepared：The particle diameter that will be weighed in step one is 0.5 μm~325 μm of name
Chemical formula is the TiAl pre-alloyed powders and dry scattered Graphene powder of Ti- (40~50) Al- (0.1~10) X (at%)
End is added in mixed powder machine, under inert gas shielding, mixes powder rotating speed to mix powder under conditions of 10r/min~300r/min, often
Secondary mixed powder 0.5h~2.5h, stops mixed powder 5min~20min, until total mixed powder time is 2h~50h, stops mixed powder, obtains
The TiAl mixed powders of graphene uniform distribution；
Dry scattered graphene powder and the mass ratio of TiAl pre-alloyed powders described in step 3 are (0.0001
~0.05):1；
4th, densification：The TiAl mixed powders of the graphene uniform distribution that will be obtained in step 3 are carried out at densification
Reason, obtains TiAl alloy；
Densification described in step 4 is through the one kind in hot pressed sintering, discharge plasma sintering and high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP)
Or several processed.
Advantages of the present invention：
The present invention is mixed with TiAl prealloy powder using Graphene by mechanical means, prepares the TiAl of graphene-containing
Mixed powder, then carries out densification to mixed powder, prepares the TiAl alloy of graphene-containing；It is prepared by mechanical means of the present invention
Mixed powder in graphene dispersion it is uniform, without occurring reuniting, and tiny Sheet Graphite alkene is wrapped in TiAl prealloy powder, shape
Into good contact interface；Part Graphene keeps reset condition in the TiAl alloy of densification, is uniformly distributed；Make TiAl
The wearability of alloy, inoxidizability and mechanical property are improved.
The present invention can obtain the method that addition Graphene improves TiAl alloy performance.
Specific embodiment one：Present embodiment be add Graphene improve TiAl alloy performance method be specifically by with
What lower step was completed：
First, TiAl pre-alloyed powders prepare：It is Ti- (40~50) to weigh the nominal formula that particle diameter is 0.5 μm~325 μm
The TiAl pre-alloyed powders of Al- (0.1~10) X (at%)；
In Ti- (40~50) Al- (0.1~10) X (at%) described in step one X be Mo, Cr, Nb, V, Si, Fe, Zr,
One kind or wherein several mixing in Mn, B, W and Y；
Name chemistry described in step one is the TiAl prealloy powder of Ti- (40~50) Al- (0.1~10) X (at%)
End is prepared by inert gas atomizer technology or PREP technology；
2nd, the TiAl mixed powders of graphene-containing are prepared：
The particle diameter that will be weighed in step one be 0.5 μm~325 μm nominal formula for Ti- (40~50) Al- (0.1~
10) the TiAl pre-alloyed powders and graphene powder of X (at%) are added in mixed powder machine, are turned with mixed powder under inert gas shielding
To mix powder under conditions of 10r/min~300r/min, mixed powder 0.5h~2.5h, stops mixed powder 5min~20min to speed every time, until
Total mixed powder time is 2h~50h, stops mixed powder, obtains the TiAl mixed powders of graphene uniform distribution；
Graphene powder and the mass ratio of TiAl pre-alloyed powders described in step 2 are (0.0001~0.05):1；
3rd, densification：The TiAl mixed powders of the graphene uniform distribution that step 2 is obtained carry out densification,
Obtain TiAl alloy；
Densification described in step 3 is through the one kind in hot pressed sintering, discharge plasma sintering and high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP)
Or several processed.
The advantage of present embodiment：
Present embodiment is mixed with TiAl prealloy powder using Graphene by mechanical means, prepares graphene-containing
TiAl mixed powders, then carry out densification to mixed powder, prepare the TiAl alloy of graphene-containing；Present embodiment machinery
Graphene dispersion is uniform in mixed powder prepared by method, without occurring reuniting, and tiny Sheet Graphite alkene to be wrapped in TiAl pre-
Alloyed powder, forms good contact interface；Part Graphene keeps reset condition, uniform point in the TiAl alloy of densification
Cloth；Making wearability, inoxidizability and the mechanical property of TiAl alloy is improved.
Present embodiment can obtain the method that addition Graphene improves TiAl alloy performance.
Specific embodiment two：Present embodiment is with the difference of specific embodiment one：Particle diameter is weighed in step one is
0.5 μm~325 μm of nominal formula is the TiAl pre-alloyed powders of Ti- (41~44) Al- (4~9) X (at%).Other steps
Suddenly it is identical with specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment three：One of present embodiment and specific embodiment one or two difference is：Claim in step one
It is the TiAl prealloy powder of Ti- (45~48) Al- (4~8.5) X (at%) to take the nominal formula that particle diameter is 0.5 μm~325 μm
End.Other steps are identical with specific embodiment one or two.
Specific embodiment four：One of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to three difference is：Claim in step one
It is the TiAl pre-alloyed powders of Ti-43Al-9V-0.3Y (at%) to take the nominal formula that particle diameter is 0.5 μm~325 μm.Other
Step is identical with specific embodiment one to three.
Specific embodiment five：One of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to four difference is：Institute in step 3
The hot-pressing sintering technique stated is：Pressure be 20MPa~150MPa, temperature be 850 DEG C~1350 DEG C, sintering time be 0.5h~
8h；Discharge plasma sintering process described in step 3 is：Pressure be 40MPa~100MPa, sintering temperature be 1000 DEG C~
1300 DEG C, vacuum is 10-4Pa~10Pa, sintering time is 2min~60min；Heat and other static pressuring processes described in step 3
For：Temperature is 1000 DEG C~1250 DEG C, and pressure is 140MPa~200MPa, and the time is 0.5h~4h.Other steps and specific reality
Apply mode one to four identical.
Specific embodiment six：One of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to five difference is：Institute in step 3
The hot-pressing sintering technique stated is：Pressure is 40MPa~80MPa, and temperature is 1000 DEG C~1300 DEG C, and sintering time is 1h~4h；
Discharge plasma sintering process described in step 3 is：Pressure is 50MPa~80MPa, and sintering temperature is 900 DEG C~1250
DEG C, vacuum is 10-4~10Pa, sintering time is 5min~30min；Heat and other static pressuring processes described in step 3 are：Temperature
It it is 1100 DEG C~1300 DEG C, pressure is 160MPa~200MPa, the time is 1.5h~6h.Other steps and specific embodiment one
It is identical to five.
Specific embodiment seven：Present embodiment be in addition Graphene improve TiAl alloy performance method be specifically by
What following steps were completed：
First, raw material prepare：It is Ti- (40~50) Al- (0.1 to weigh the nominal formula that particle diameter is 0.5 μm~325 μm
The TiAl pre-alloyed powders of~10) X (at%)；
In Ti- (40~50) Al- (0.1~10) X (at%) described in step one X be Mo, Cr, Nb, V, Si, Fe, Zr,
One kind or wherein several mixing in Mn, B, W and Y；
Name chemistry described in step one is the TiAl prealloy powder of Ti- (40~50) Al- (0.1~10) X (at%)
End is prepared by inert gas atomizer technology or PREP technology；
2nd, dispersed graphite alkene：Graphene is added in dispersant, the ultrasound point in the case where ultrasonic power is 100W~1500W
0.1h~4h is dissipated, scattered Graphene liquid is obtained；Scattered Graphene liquid is dried in the case where temperature is for 40 DEG C~100 DEG C again
0.1h~4h, obtains dry scattered graphene powder；
Dispersant described in step 2 is absolute ethyl alcohol or acetone；
Graphene described in step 2 is one or more layers Graphene；
The quality of the Graphene described in step 2 is (0.001g~10g) with the volume ratio of dispersant:1000mL；
3rd, the TiAl mixed powders of graphene-containing are prepared：The particle diameter that will be weighed in step one is 0.5 μm~325 μm of name
Chemical formula is the TiAl pre-alloyed powders and dry scattered Graphene powder of Ti- (40~50) Al- (0.1~10) X (at%)
End is added in mixed powder machine, under inert gas shielding, mixes powder rotating speed to mix powder under conditions of 10r/min~300r/min, often
Secondary mixed powder 0.5h~2.5h, stops mixed powder 5min~20min, until total mixed powder time is 2h~50h, stops mixed powder, obtains
The TiAl mixed powders of graphene uniform distribution；
Dry scattered graphene powder and the mass ratio of TiAl pre-alloyed powders described in step 3 are (0.0001
~0.05):1；
4th, densification：The TiAl mixed powders of the graphene uniform distribution that will be obtained in step 3 are carried out at densification
Reason, obtains TiAl alloy；
Densification described in step 4 is through the one kind in hot pressed sintering, discharge plasma sintering and high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP)
Or several processed.
The advantage of present embodiment：
Present embodiment is mixed with TiAl prealloy powder using Graphene by mechanical means, prepares graphene-containing
TiAl mixed powders, then carry out densification to mixed powder, prepare the TiAl alloy of graphene-containing；Present embodiment machinery
Graphene dispersion is uniform in mixed powder prepared by method, without occurring reuniting, and tiny Sheet Graphite alkene to be wrapped in TiAl pre-
Alloyed powder, forms good contact interface；Part Graphene keeps reset condition, uniform point in the TiAl alloy of densification
Cloth；Making wearability, inoxidizability and the mechanical property of TiAl alloy is improved.
Present embodiment can obtain the method that addition Graphene improves TiAl alloy performance.
Specific embodiment eight：Present embodiment is with the difference of specific embodiment seven：Particle diameter is weighed in step one is
0.5 μm~325 μm of nominal formula is the TiAl pre-alloyed powders of Ti- (41~44) Al- (4~9) X (at%).Other steps
Suddenly it is identical with specific embodiment seven.
Specific embodiment nine：Present embodiment is with the difference of specific embodiment seven or eight：Grain is weighed in step one
Footpath is that 0.5 μm~325 μm of nominal formula is the TiAl pre-alloyed powders of Ti-43Al-9V-0.3Y (at%).Other steps
It is identical with specific embodiment seven to eight.
Specific embodiment ten：Present embodiment is with the difference of specific embodiment seven to nine：Described in step 4
Hot-pressing sintering technique is：Pressure is 40MPa~80MPa, and temperature is 1000 DEG C~1300 DEG C, and sintering time is 1h~4h；Step
Discharge plasma sintering process described in four is：Pressure is 50MPa~100MPa, and sintering temperature is 900 DEG C~1250 DEG C, very
Reciprocal of duty cycle is 10-4~10Pa, sintering time is 5min~30min；Heat and other static pressuring processes described in step 4 are：Temperature is 1100
DEG C~1300 DEG C, pressure is 140MPa~200MPa, and the time is 1.5h~6h.Other steps and the phase of specific embodiment seven to nine
Together.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are verified using tests below：
Experiment one：The method that addition Graphene improves TiAl alloy performance, is specifically realized by the following steps：
First, raw material prepare：It is Ti-47Al-2Cr-2Nb to weigh the nominal formula that particle diameter is 0.5 μm~180 μm
(at%) TiAl pre-alloyed powders；
Name chemistry described in step one is that the TiAl pre-alloyed powders of Ti-47Al-2Cr-2Nb (at%) are to pass through
It is prepared by the rotating electrode atomized technology of ion；
2nd, the TiAl mixed powders of graphene-containing are prepared：By the name that the particle diameter prepared in step one is 0.5 μm~180 μm
Chemical formula is added in mixed powder machine for the TiAl pre-alloyed powders and graphene powder of Ti-47Al-2Cr-2Nb (at%), lazy
Property gas shield under and mixed powder rotating speed be to mix powder under conditions of 60r/min, mixed powder 1h, stops mixed powder 5min every time, until total
The mixed powder time is 20h, stops mixed powder, obtains the TiAl mixed-powders containing Graphene；
Graphene powder and the mass ratio of TiAl pre-alloyed powders described in step 2 are 0.003:1；
3rd, densification：The TiAl mixed-powders containing Graphene that step 2 is obtained are carried out into densification, is obtained
To TiAl alloy；
Densification described in step 3 is processed through high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP)；The temperature of described high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) is
1250 DEG C, pressure be 160MPa under, high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) 4h.
Experiment two：The method that addition Graphene improves TiAl alloy performance, is specifically realized by the following steps：
First, raw material prepare：It is Ti-43Al-9V-0.3Y to weigh the nominal formula that particle diameter is 0.5 μm~120 μm
(at%) TiAl pre-alloyed powders；
Name chemistry described in step one is that the TiAl pre-alloyed powders of Ti-43Al-9V-0.3Y (at%) are by lazy
Property Gas atomization techniques prepare；
2nd, the TiAl mixed powders of graphene-containing are prepared：By the name that the particle diameter prepared in step one is 0.5 μm~120 μm
Chemical formula is added in mixed powder machine for the TiAl pre-alloyed powders and graphene powder of Ti-43Al-9V-0.3Y (at%), lazy
Property gas shield under, mixed powder rotating speed be to carry out mixed powder under the conditions of 45r/min, mixed powder 0.8h, stops mixed powder 6min every time, until always
The mixed powder time be 16h, stop mixed powder, obtain the TiAl mixed powders containing Graphene；
Graphene powder and the mass ratio of TiAl pre-alloyed powders described in step 2 are 0.002:1；
3rd, densification：The TiAl mixed powders of the graphene uniform distribution that step 2 is obtained carry out densification,
Obtain TiAl alloy；
Densification described in step 3 is processed through discharge plasma sintering；Described plasma discharging
The pressure of sintering is 80MPa, vacuum is 10-3Pa, temperature are 1220 DEG C, sintering time is 15min.
Experiment three：The method that addition Graphene improves TiAl alloy performance, is specifically realized by the following steps：
First, raw material prepare：It is Ti-45Al-6.5Nb-0.2B- to weigh the nominal formula that particle diameter is 0.5 μm~180 μm
The TiAl pre-alloyed powders of 0.25Y (at%)；
Name chemistry described in step one is the TiAl prealloy powder of Ti-45Al-6.5Nb-0.2B-0.25Y (at%)
End is prepared by inert gas atomizer technology；
2nd, dispersed graphite alkene：Graphene is added in dispersant, the ultrasonic disperse 1h in the case where ultrasonic power is 300W is obtained
To scattered graphene mixed liquor；Scattered graphene mixed liquor is dried into 0.5h in the case where temperature is for 50 DEG C again, obtains dry
Scattered graphene powder；
Dispersant described in step 2 is absolute ethyl alcohol；
Graphene described in step 2 is multi-layer graphene；
The quality of the Graphene described in step 2 is 0.1g with the volume ratio of dispersant:1000mL；
3rd, the TiAl mixed powders of graphene-containing are prepared：The particle diameter that will be weighed in step one is 0.5 μm~180 μm of name
Chemical formula is the TiAl pre-alloyed powders and dry scattered Graphene powder of Ti-45Al-6.5Nb-0.2B-0.25Y (at%)
End is added in mixed powder machine, under inert gas shielding, mixes powder rotating speed to carry out mixed powder under conditions of 50r/min, and powder is mixed every time
1h, stops mixed powder 5min, until total mixed powder time is 15h, stops mixed powder, obtains the TiAl mixing of graphene uniform distribution
Powder；
Dry scattered graphene powder and the mass ratio of TiAl pre-alloyed powders described in step 3 are 0.001:
1；
4th, densification：The TiAl mixed powders of the graphene uniform distribution that will be obtained in step 3 are carried out at densification
Reason, obtains TiAl alloy；
Densification described in step 4 is processed through hot pressed sintering；The pressure of described hot pressed sintering is
50MPa, temperature is 1260 DEG C, and sintering time is 4h.
Claims (1)
1. the method that addition Graphene improves TiAl alloy performance, it is characterised in that addition Graphene improves TiAl alloy performance
What method was specifically realized by the following steps：
First, raw material prepare：It is Ti- (40~50) Al- (0.1~10) to weigh the nominal formula that particle diameter is 0.5 μm~325 μm
The TiAl pre-alloyed powders of X (at%)；
In Ti- (40~50) Al- (0.1~10) X (at%) described in step one X be Mo, Cr, Nb, V, Si, Fe, Zr, Mn,
One kind or wherein several mixing in B, W and Y；
Name chemistry described in step one is that the TiAl pre-alloyed powders of Ti- (40~50) Al- (0.1~10) X (at%) are
Prepared by inert gas atomizer technology or PREP technology；
2nd, dispersed graphite alkene：Graphene is added in dispersant, the ultrasonic disperse 1h in the case where ultrasonic power is 300W is divided
Scattered graphene mixed liquor；Scattered graphene mixed liquor is dried into 0.5h in the case where temperature is for 50 DEG C again, dry dispersion is obtained
Graphene powder；
Dispersant described in step 2 is absolute ethyl alcohol；
Graphene described in step 2 is multi-layer graphene；
The quality of the Graphene described in step 2 is 0.1g with the volume ratio of dispersant:1000mL；
3rd, the TiAl mixed powders of graphene-containing are prepared：The particle diameter that will be weighed in step one is 0.5 μm~325 μm of name chemistry
Formula adds for the TiAl pre-alloyed powders and dry scattered graphene powder of Ti- (40~50) Al- (0.1~10) X (at%)
Enter in mixed powder machine, under inert gas shielding, mix powder rotating speed to carry out mixed powder under conditions of 50r/min, mixed powder 1h, stops every time
Powder 5min is only mixed, until total mixed powder time is 15h, stops mixed powder, obtain the TiAl mixed powders of graphene uniform distribution；
Dry scattered graphene powder and the mass ratio of TiAl pre-alloyed powders described in step 3 are 0.001:1；
4th, densification：The TiAl mixed powders of the graphene uniform distribution that will be obtained in step 3 carry out densification, obtain
To TiAl alloy；
Densification described in step 4 is processed through hot pressed sintering；The pressure of described hot pressed sintering is
50MPa, temperature is 1260 DEG C, and sintering time is 4h.
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