CN104551425A - Adjustment and repair-free assembly welding method for three-dimensional bent aluminum alloy beam column and three-dimensional curved open section - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an adjustment and repair-free assembly welding method for a three-dimensional bent aluminum alloy beam column and a three-dimensional curved open section. The method comprises the following steps: classifying deformation influences on a cambered surface size after welding of welding lines in three procedures of side wall combination according to a deformation rule after welding of base metal; partitioning welding procedures; welding the welding lines which do not influence the cambered surface size firstly, welding the welding lines which cause longitudinal bending and contraction of the cambered surface size towards the inside of a machine tool, welding the welding lines which cause bending of the cambered surface size towards the height direction in the machine tool, welding the welding lines which cause bending of the cambered surface size towards the height direction outside the machine tool, and welding the welding lines which cause bending of the cambered surface size towards the longitudinal direction outside the machine tool in order that post-welding deformation in each procedure is within a tolerance range controlled by the cambered surface size. In the method, a special welding sequence is adopted, so that detection, adjustment and repair work during procedure transfer are avoided; the side wall production period of practical production is shortened; the product quality is enhanced, the procedure workload is lowered, and the side wall production period is shortened; as proved by practical verification, the production period is shortened by a quarter, and the cost is lowered.

Description

Three-dimensional bending aluminium alloy beam column and three-dimension curved surface open type section bar assembly welding exempt from adjusting method

Technical field

The present invention relates to rail passenger car body structure assembly welding moulding process, especially CRH3 type EMUs drivers' cab constructed of aluminium side wall three-dimensional bending aluminium alloy beam column and three-dimension curved surface open type section bar covering assembly welding arc sizes exempt from welding process.

Background technology

Current EMU car body aluminium alloy structure assembly welding process, side wall window skeleton, side wall skeleton and side wall covering three process need be completed, a welding assembly completes end product by the welding of a few procedure, and often step needs to detect arc sizes, carries out adjusting process for distortion.In assembly welding process, quality control is carried out for every procedure by means such as detection, adjustings, continuous correction, because Welded is out of shape the dimensional discrepancy caused in this process, because repeatedly adjusting destroys material property, extend manufacturing cycle and labour intensity, increase the input detecting adjusting auxiliary equipment, manufacturing cost is increased.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is the three-dimensional bending aluminium alloy beam column that this multiple series connection operation of side wall completed by drivers' cab constructed of aluminium and three-dimension curved surface open type section bar covering weldment, research and develop a kind of process, in multiple working procedure production process, reach and reduce or without the need to detecting and adjusting means, directly weld out qualified products.

For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of three-dimensional bending aluminium alloy beam column and three-dimension curved surface open type section bar assembly welding exempts from adjusting method, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

(1) according to the deformation rule of mother metal postwelding, in the three process of side wall synthesis, produce deformation effect situation according to weld seam postwelding to arc sizes to classify, main point is shunk to buckling in car, bends shrink to car inner height direction, outside car, buckling is shunk, is bent contraction four class to short transverse outside car, and identifies out by the weld seam of arc sizes distortion without impact;

(2) divide welding sequence, an all weld seam of structure is divided into the production that three or two operations complete whole side wall;

(3) weld seam not affecting arc sizes is first welded, welding can make arc sizes shrink weld seam to buckling in car again, welding makes arc sizes to car inner height direction bending weld seam again, welding makes arc sizes to short transverse bending weld seam outside car again, finally welding makes arc sizes to longitudinal direction bending weld seam outside car, makes the post welding distortion of each operation in the margin of tolerance that arc sizes controls.

the advantage that the present invention has relative to background technology and progress:

When the former technical scheme of side wall completes side wall window skeleton, side wall skeleton and side wall covering three process, often step needs to detect arc sizes, carry out adjusting process for distortion, the present invention can by special welding sequence, detection adjusting work when avoiding operation to turn sequence:

(1) need high performance checkout equipment because arc sizes detects, test point is many, and detection time is long, after not needing detection, reduces the side wall production cycle of actual production;

(2), after exempting from adjusting production, decrease the adjusting amount to side wall, avoid the impact of hot adjusting on product material, improve the quality of product, decrease operation workload, shorten the side wall production cycle; Shortened for 1/4th production cycles through actual verification;

(3), after exempting from adjusting detection, reduce the input cost detecting adjusting auxiliary mould, equipment, reduce cost of labor.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is side wall skeleton weld seam welding distribution situation schematic diagram;

Fig. 2 is side wall stressed-skin construction schematic diagram;

Fig. 3 is side wall covering weld seam welding distribution situation schematic diagram;

Fig. 4 is side wall skeleton structural representation.

Detailed description of the invention

First step weld classification:

With reference to figure 1 and Fig. 3, to car inner height direction, the bending class weld seam that shrinks comprises 1,2,3,4,5; In car, the bending class weld seam that shrinks of longitudinal direction comprises 8,9; Outside car, the bending class weld seam that shrinks of longitudinal direction comprises 17,19,20,21,25,27,28; Outside car, the bending class weld seam that shrinks of short transverse comprises 14,15,16,18,22,23,24,26; Without affecting class weld seam, 10,11,12,13 are comprised to arc sizes distortion; Side wall skeleton other do not mark weld seam with similar position marked weld seam divide kind consistent.

Second step operation divides:

First using side wall window column and the upper and lower longeron of window as a step operation break-down synthesis window skeleton, and then synthesize complete side wall skeleton with other beam column of side wall skeleton;

Or side wall skeleton all component is welded admittedly an in-process group to point, completes complete side wall skeleton;

3rd step determination side wall skeleton welding sequence:

With reference to figure 4, side wall skeleton forms by organizing on carling 32, window lower pillar stand 33, window under longeron 31, window column 35, window upper pillar stand 30 and long longeron 29 between longeron 34, window more;

With reference to figure 1, weld seam 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 represents the weld seam of side wall exemplary position respectively, also represents the identical weld seam in other position;

First welded seam 8,9, then welded seam 3,4, then welded seam 5,2,1, then weld other weld seam do not marked, finally complete welded seam 6,7;

Or welded seam 3,4, then welded seam 5,2, then welded seam 8,9, then weld the weld seam do not marked, finally complete 6,7,1;

4th step determination side wall covering welding sequence:

With reference to Fig. 2, side wall covering is made up of covering on window 10, front end covering 11, pier sheathing 12, lower end covering 13.

With reference to Fig. 3, successively welded seam 19,20,25,21,27,28, then welded seam 14,22,16,24,18,26 successively, welded seam 17, finally welded seam 15,23 successively;

Or welded seam 17, then welded seam 15,23, then welded seam 14,22,19, then welded seam 16,24,20,25, then welded seam 18,26,21,27, finally weld 28.

Claims (1)

1. three-dimensional bending aluminium alloy beam column and three-dimension curved surface open type section bar assembly welding exempt from an adjusting method, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

(1) according to the deformation rule of mother metal postwelding, in the three process of side wall synthesis, produce deformation effect situation according to weld seam postwelding to arc sizes to classify, main point is shunk to buckling in car, bends shrink to car inner height direction, outside car, buckling is shunk, is bent contraction four class to short transverse outside car, and identifies out by the weld seam of arc sizes distortion without impact;

(2) divide welding sequence, an all weld seam of structure is divided into the production that three or two operations complete whole side wall;

(3) weld seam not affecting arc sizes is first welded, welding can make arc sizes shrink weld seam to buckling in car again, welding makes arc sizes to car inner height direction bending weld seam again, welding makes arc sizes to short transverse bending weld seam outside car again, finally welding makes arc sizes to longitudinal direction bending weld seam outside car, makes the post welding distortion of each operation in the margin of tolerance that arc sizes controls.