CN104550892A - Novel welding slag ladle suitable for slow cooling process of copper slag - Google Patents
Novel welding slag ladle suitable for slow cooling process of copper slag Download PDFInfo
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- CN104550892A CN104550892A CN201310476258.4A CN201310476258A CN104550892A CN 104550892 A CN104550892 A CN 104550892A CN 201310476258 A CN201310476258 A CN 201310476258A CN 104550892 A CN104550892 A CN 104550892A
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- gudgeon
- plate
- cinder ladle
- inclusion
- ladle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel welding slag ladle suitable for a slow cooling process of copper slag. The novel welding slag ladle comprises a ladle body, a ladle bottom and a plurality of ladle feet, wherein the ladle body is pressed into a whole; the ladle bottom is welded at the bottom of the ladle body; the ladle feet are welded at the bottom of the ladle bottom; a radiating space is formed between the two adjacent ladle feet; the ladle body, the ladle bottom and the ladle feet are all made of low-alloy high-strength plates. The novel welding slag ladle does not have any structural change during a using process and is particularly suitable for the slow cooling process of the copper slag; the service life of the welding slag ladle is greatly prolonged, so that the recycling cost of the copper slag is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to smelting industry for the cinder ladle in copper ashes treatment process, particularly relate to a kind of Novel welding cinder ladle being applicable to copper ashes retarded cooling process.
Background technology
Along with the day of China's copper ore resource is becoming tight, cupper smelting more and more payes attention to the process of copper ashes.In the treatment process of copper ashes, cinder ladle is for transport liquid copper ashes, and cinder ladle is all casting cinder ladle.After cinder ladle loads liquid copper ashes, cinder ladle heats up very fast, draws: after loading liquid copper ashes, the temperature of cinder ladle is increased to about 600 DEG C through measuring; Again by copper ashes trickle to cool fast.In above process, cinder ladle will stand extremely cold very hot temperature changing process, due to the limitation of casting technique, foundry slag inclusion is long-pending larger, its casting difficulty is larger, more easily there is cold shut, scab, shrinkage cavity, the defect such as loose, the junction of gusset and inclusion 1 is particularly strengthened at gudgeon, the junction etc. of inclusion 1 and tank pin 2, as shown in Figure 1, because the position of these junctions is special, thickness is large, in casting process, Liquid-metal flow is poor, cooling velocity is unequal, more easily cause loose, the casting flaws such as shrinkage cavity, and then cause in use occurring cracking.Moreover, the weldability of cast steel is not good enough, therefore casting cinder ladle is once occur cracking, repairs difficulty, after often repairing specifically, next time still ftractures herein, and crackle easily extends, after repeated multiple times, cinder ladle causes through check, cause repairing again and scrapping, thus cause cinder ladle short for service life, make the cost of copper ashes process high.
In addition, in the fabrication process, gudgeon 9 is that castingin is fixed on inclusion 1, sees Fig. 2, and after castingin, gudgeon dimensional tolerance is difficult to ensure, needs secondary operations gudgeon 9, thus reduces production efficiency, increases production cost.
At present, the present situation of China's foundry industry is: foundry often produces 1 ton of foundry goods, about distributes the dust of 50 kilograms, and the waste residue that melting and cast operation are discharged is 200 kilograms, waste gas is 20 cubic metres, moulding and about 0.75 ton, cleaning waste discharge sand.Draw with the foundry goods statistics producing 2200 ten thousand tons per year, annual total amount of pollutants discharged is: 4,400,000 tons, waste residue, and antiquated sand 1,650 ten thousand tons, waste gas 4 billion cubic meter, these data are enough to foundry production serious environment pollution.In energy consumption, country is using the GDP energy consumption of every ten thousand yuan as index, and ten thousand yuan of GDP energy consumptions of whole machine-building department are 0.18tce/ ten thousand yuan, and foundry industry is about 0.8tce/ ten thousand yuan, and foundry industry energy consumption is 4.4 times of machinery industry.
To sum up, there is the defects such as maintenance rate is high, service life is short, it produces serious environment pollution, energy consumption is high in the casting cinder ladle used in traditional copper residues processing technique.
Summary of the invention
The shortcoming of prior art in view of the above, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Novel welding cinder ladle being applicable to copper ashes retarded cooling process of long service life.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of Novel welding cinder ladle being applicable to copper ashes retarded cooling process, comprise and be pressed into holistic inclusion, be welded on bottom inclusion at the bottom of bag and multiple tank pin be welded at bag the end, be provided with heat-dissipating space between adjacent two tank pin, described inclusion, the bag end and the material of tank pin are low-alloy high-strength sheet material.
Preferably, the outward flange of described inclusion upper end is provided with multiple downward and outward-dipping overfall.
Further, the outer peripheral face of described inclusion is welded with successively pressed on ring, middle ring and lower ring from top to bottom, the outer wall of described inclusion is also welded with multiple longitudinal gusset, the material of described pressed on ring, middle ring, lower ring and longitudinal gusset is low-alloy high-strength sheet material.
Preferably, described inclusion both sides are all welded with a gudgeon plate, are fixed with a gudgeon in described gudgeon plate.
Further, described gudgeon is located in a sleeve pipe, and gudgeon and sleeve pipe are key connecting, is also provided with gusset and lower web plate between described gudgeon plate and inclusion, and described upper gusset and lower web plate lay respectively at the both sides up and down of sleeve pipe.
Further, be provided with upper plate, left plate, lower plate, right panel between described gudgeon plate and inclusion, described upper plate, left plate, lower plate, right panel are uniformly distributed along the circumference of gudgeon.
Preferably, described gudgeon plate tilts near the direction of inclusion, and the angle α of described gudgeon plate and vertical plane is 3 ° ~ 5 °.
Further, be provided with a gudgeon stiffening plate inside described gudgeon plate, described gudgeon penetrates in gudgeon plate and gudgeon stiffening plate successively, and gudgeon and gudgeon plate, gudgeon stiffening plate are key connecting, and described gudgeon plate both sides are provided with the side seal board be connected with inclusion.
Preferably, described gudgeon plate outer surface is also provided with pressing plate, and described gudgeon is located in pressing plate, and pressing plate is connected by multiple set bolt with gudgeon plate.
Further, the outer side-lower of described overfall is provided with the water tank be connected with overfall, the lower end of this water tank is provided with distributive pipe, described distributive pipe is provided with multiple conduction hole near the side of inclusion, described middle ring upper surface is also provided with a water collection sheet, between water collection sheet and inclusion, forms a water leg, described middle ring and lower ring are also provided with conduction hole, described inclusion outer wall is also provided with a point water plate between middle ring and lower ring, between described point of water plate and inclusion, is provided with drainage gap.
As mentioned above, the Novel welding cinder ladle being applicable to copper ashes retarded cooling process that the present invention relates to, has following beneficial effect:
This Novel welding cinder ladle uses low-alloy high-strength steel plate manufacture, have that intensity is high, not easy to crack, REPAIR WELDING performance is good, maintenance cost is low, manufacturing schedule is short, strong adaptability, easily manufactured, save the remarkable advantage such as material, long service life, be specially adapted to the slow cooling treatment process of copper ashes, thus reduce the cost of copper ashes recovery; This Novel welding cinder ladle substitutes casting cinder ladle, can avoid discharging a large amount of dust, waste residue, waste gas, antiquated sand to the pollution of surrounding environment during casting cinder ladle, has huge social benefit; Avoid the huge energy resource consumption that casting cinder ladle steel-smelting water causes, economize energy, meets the industrial policy that national energy-saving reduces discharging.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of cinder ladle in prior art.
Fig. 2 is the connection diagram of inclusion and gudgeon in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the process chart of copper ashes slow cooling treatment process in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of cinder ladle in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the front view of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the side view of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the upward view of Fig. 5.
Fig. 8 is the connection diagram of gudgeon in the embodiment of the present invention one and gudgeon plate.
Fig. 9 is the connection diagram of Fig. 5 middle ear axillare and inclusion.
Figure 10 is the connection diagram of gudgeon in the embodiment of the present invention two and gudgeon plate.
Figure 11 is that the A-A of Figure 10 is to sectional view.
Figure 12 is that the B-B of Figure 10 is to sectional view.
Figure 13 is the sectional view of middle ear axillare of the present invention.
Figure 14 is welding cinder ladle temperature changing curve diagram.
Figure 15 is cooling system and the structural representation welding cinder ladle in the present invention.
Figure 16 is that the C of Figure 15 encloses enlarged drawing.
Figure 17 is that in the present invention, cinder ladle is the structural representation of rollover conditions.
Figure 18 is the sectional view welding cinder ladle in Figure 15.
Figure 19 is that the D of Figure 18 encloses enlarged drawing.
Figure 20 is that the E of Figure 18 encloses enlarged drawing.
Figure 21 is the connection diagram of gudgeon in the embodiment of the present invention three and gudgeon plate.
Figure 22 is that the F-F of Figure 21 is to sectional view.
Figure 23 is that the G-G of Figure 21 is to sectional view.
Element numbers explanation
1 inclusion
101 overfalls
2 tank pin
3 heat-dissipating spaces
4 pressed on rings
Ring in 5
6 times rings
7 longitudinal gussets
8 gudgeon plates
9 gudgeons
10 sleeve pipes
Gusset on 11
12 lower web plates
13 upper plates
14 left plates
15 lower plates
16 right panels
17 keys
18 gudgeon gussets
20 water tanks
21 distributive pipes
22 bases
221 collecting gutters
23 cooling house stewards
24 cooling arms
25 filtering baffle
26 filter bores
27 pipeline connectors
28 water collection sheets
29 water legs
30 conduction holes
31 gudgeon stiffening plates
32 side seal boards
33 pressing plates
34 set bolts
35 points of water plates
Detailed description of the invention
By particular specific embodiment, embodiments of the present invention are described below, person skilled in the art scholar the content disclosed by this description can understand other advantages of the present invention and effect easily.
Notice, structure, ratio, size etc. that this description institute accompanying drawings illustrates, content all only in order to coordinate description to disclose, understand for person skilled in the art scholar and read, and be not used to limit the enforceable qualifications of the present invention, therefore the not technical essential meaning of tool, the adjustment of the modification of any structure, the change of proportionate relationship or size, do not affecting under effect that the present invention can produce and the object that can reach, still all should drop on disclosed technology contents and obtain in the scope that can contain.Simultaneously, quote in this description as " on ", D score, "left", "right", " centre " and " one " etc. term, also only for ease of understanding of describing, and be not used to limit the enforceable scope of the present invention, the change of its relativeness or adjustment, under changing technology contents without essence, when being also considered as the enforceable category of the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of Novel welding cinder ladle being applicable to copper ashes retarded cooling process, to extend the service life of cinder ladle, reduce the processing cost of copper ashes.As shown in Figure 4, this Novel welding cinder ladle comprises and is pressed into holistic inclusion 1, is welded on bottom inclusion 1 at the bottom of bag and multiple tank pin 2 be welded at bag the end, inclusion 1 forms a cavity volume with the bag end, for holding liquid copper ashes, heat-dissipating space 3 is provided with between adjacent two tank pin 2, so that inclusion 1 bottom heat radiation, described inclusion 1, the bag end and the material of tank pin 2 are low-alloy high-strength sheet material.Preferably, described tank pin 2 is 4, be evenly distributed on bottom inclusion 1, as shown in Figure 7, and in the present embodiment, bottom described inclusion 1, be provided with the first ventilation slot, bag end gusset offers the second ventilation slot, described first ventilation slot is connected with the second ventilation slot, and the first ventilation slot, gap between the second ventilation slot and adjacent two tank pin 2 form described heat-dissipating space 3 jointly.
Further, see Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the outer peripheral face of described inclusion 1 is welded with successively pressed on ring 4, middle ring 5 and lower ring 6 from top to bottom, the outer wall of described inclusion 1 is also welded with multiple longitudinal gusset 7, and the material of described pressed on ring 4, middle ring 5, lower ring 6 and longitudinal gusset 7 is low-alloy high-strength sheet material.Inclusion 1 outer wall welds pressed on ring 4, middle ring 5, lower ring 6 and longitudinal gusset 7, effectively improves the weld strength of this cinder ladle, and add the contact area of cinder ladle and air, improve the radiating efficiency of cinder ladle, be conducive to the cooling of cinder ladle and copper ashes.In addition, described pressed on ring 4, middle ring 5, lower ring 6 quantity can according to cinder ladle volume size and load copper ashes amount number delete.
In this Novel welding cinder ladle, tank pin 2 is arranged on bottom inclusion 1, tank pin 2 adopts thickness to be the slab of about 60mm, and form all ring (pressed on rings 4 of this Novel welding cinder ladle, middle ring 5, lower ring 6), plate (the bag end, longitudinal gusset 7), all be interconnected between tank pin, form the cinder ladle of a totally-enclosed network, not only make tank pin 2 and inclusion 1, tank pin 2 increases with the contact area on ground, and due to whole cinder ladle formation network, cinder ladle resistance to deformation intensity, tank pin 2 support strength improves greatly, tank pin 2 is effectively avoided to occur the possibility of weld cracking because contact area is little, and the overall non-deformability of cinder ladle is increased substantially.In addition, in the process of copper ashes slow cooling process, from connecing the whole process of slag to deslagging, temperature survey has been carried out to welding cinder ladle, its temperature variation curve as shown in figure 14, can draw thus: when connecing slag, the heat of copper ashes makes welding cinder ladle rapid temperature increases through heat transfer, and the temperature of welding cinder ladle is increased to about 600 DEG C, and the temperature of welding cinder ladle afterwards slowly declines again.Again because the critical value of the phase transition temperature (by solid phase to liquid phase) of low-alloy high-strength sheet material is about 900 DEG C, so the in use inorganization change of welding cinder ladle, be specially adapted to the slow cooling treatment process of copper ashes, greatly extend the service life of welding cinder ladle.
Preferably, see Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the outward flange of described inclusion 1 upper end is provided with multiple downward and outward-dipping overfall 101, in the present embodiment, described inclusion 1 is that a cross section becomes large cone tank from the bottom to top successively, and the upper end of described overfall 101 is lower than the end face of inclusion 1.The cooling water corrosion overflowed after spray due to copper ashes is stronger; therefore the mordant cooling water of band is directed to the place away from welding cinder ladle outer wall by multiple overfall 101; cooling fluid can not flow on inclusion 1; to protect the inclusion 1 of welding cinder ladle not by the erosion of corrosivity cooling water; the because of metal of inclusion 1 outer wall is effectively prevented to be cooled corrosion and coming off in a large number, to improve the service life of cinder ladle.
Further, when the corrosivity of cooling water is more weak or have special circumstances, as user needs to accelerate cinder ladle turnaround speed, then the invention still further relates to a kind of cooling system for shortening cinder ladle cool time, see Figure 15 and Figure 16, this cooling system comprises the outer side-lower being positioned at overfall 101 and the water tank 20 be connected with overfall 101, and the lower end of this water tank 20 is provided with distributive pipe 21, and described distributive pipe 21 is provided with near the side of inclusion 1 conduction hole that multiple diameter is 10mm.When spraying, the cooling device of slow cooling field comprises one for placing the base 22 of welding cinder ladle, base 22 is provided with cooling house steward 23, the end of described cooling house steward 23 is provided with one and is positioned at directly over welding cinder ladle, for the cooling arm 24 of spraying water in welding cinder ladle, described base 22 is also provided with collecting gutter 221, the number of cooling arm 24 should be determined according to the quantity of welding cinder ladle, the press water of cooling arm 24 is from cooling house steward 23, the water yield of cooling house steward 23 is controlled by the cooling device of slow cooling field, when spraying cooling, in cooling arm 24, the flow of press water is 3m3/h.During spraying cooling, cooling water flows out from the overfall 101 of cinder ladle, and collects in inflow water tank 20, and the cooling water in water tank 20 is flowed down along inclusion 1 outer wall by multiple conduction holes of distributive pipe 21, and then cools cinder ladle and copper ashes.Draw according to statistics: adopt after cooling system, the copper ashes in cinder ladle is from being cooled to time of deslagging to be about 50 hours, and cool time effectively shortens, and improves cinder ladle week transfer efficient; If do not use cooling system, then the copper ashes in cinder ladle is from being cooled to time of deslagging to be about 60 hours.In addition, cooling water is pooled in the collecting gutter 221 of base 22 after cinder ladle outer wall flows down, so that focus on cooling water, reduces the pollution to environment.
Preferably, the outer end of described overfall 101 is provided with a filtering baffle 25, sees Figure 18 and Figure 19, and described filtering baffle 25 is provided with the filter bores 26 that three row's diameters are 10mm, and described overfall 101 is connected by filter bores 26 with water tank 20.Generally, cooling water is limpider, and after placing filtering baffle 25, it can stop larger clinker on rare occasion, prevents distributive pipe 21 from blocking.And in the present embodiment, described distributive pipe 21 has multistage, the distributive pipe 21 of adjacent two sections is connected by pipeline connector 27, and then is convenient to install and dredging.Described overfall 101 is four, lays respectively at the both sides of two gudgeons 9, and the angle between overfall 101 and gudgeon 9 center line is 45 °, and the size of overfall 101 is: wide 140mm, high 40mm.
Further, when inclusion 1 outer wall is provided with pressed on ring 4, middle ring 5 and lower ring 6, see Figure 18 and Figure 20, described middle ring 5 upper surface is also provided with a water collection sheet 28, form a water leg 29 between water collection sheet 28 and inclusion 1, described middle ring 5 and lower ring 6 are equipped with conduction hole 30.Cooling water is after the conduction hole 30 of distributive pipe 21 flows down along cinder ladle outer wall, be pooled in the water leg 29 between water collection sheet 28 and inclusion 1, about about 150mm below water leg 29, be provided with one and be fixed on point water plate 35 on inclusion 1 outer wall, this point of water plate 35 lower end tilts near the direction of inclusion 1, water leg 29 stays 150mm space with a point water plate 35, after convenient, a point water plate 35 is cleared up, conduction hole 30 in water warp in water leg 29 on ring 5, in the cavity volume that inflow point water plate 35 and inclusion 1 surround, cooling water flows down along inclusion 1 outer wall with the drainage gap of inclusion 1 equably along bottom point water plate 35, flowed in the collecting gutter 221 on base 22 along inclusion 1 outer wall by the conduction hole 30 on lower ring 6 again.
Further, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 6, described inclusion 1 both sides are all welded with a gudgeon plate 8, and described gudgeon plate 8 is preferably welded between pressed on ring 4 and middle ring 5, and in gudgeon plate 8, be fixed with a gudgeon 9, the fork watt of this welding cinder ladle with U-shaped cinder ladle car can be matched by gudgeon 9.In the present embodiment, described gudgeon plate 8 tilts near the direction of inclusion 1, as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9, described gudgeon plate 8 is 3 ° ~ 5 ° with the angle α of vertical plane, in addition, as shown in figure 13, the cross section of described gudgeon plate 8 is an angled section, shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, the equal chamfering in both sides, front and back of gudgeon plate 8, thus make gudgeon 9 bottom, the conserve space of gudgeon 9 both sides becomes large, so that the connection of cinder ladle and U-shaped cinder ladle car, make cinder ladle adapt to the bending fork fortune of 90 degree, cinder ladle car, use convenient, improve fork bag efficiency.In the present embodiment, described gudgeon plate 8 both sides chamfering is of a size of: horizontal direction chamfering is about 100mm, and gudgeon thickness of slab direction is about 20mm.
In the present invention, the fixed form of described gudgeon 9 has three kinds, embodiment one: as shown in Figure 8, described gudgeon 9 is located in a sleeve pipe 10, and gudgeon 9 and sleeve pipe 10 are key connecting, gusset 11 and lower web plate 12 is also provided with between described gudgeon plate 8 and inclusion 1, described upper gusset 11 and lower web plate 12 lay respectively at the both sides up and down of sleeve pipe 10, preferably, described sleeve pipe 10 welds with gudgeon plate 8, described upper gusset 11 periphery and lower web plate 12 periphery all with pressed on ring 4, inclusion 1, gudgeon plate 8, sleeve pipe 10 welds, after lower web plate 12 welds with sleeve pipe 10, key 17 can not slide downward, make the fixed structure of gudgeon 9 more stable, eliminate because gudgeon 9 loosens the potential safety hazard brought.During installation, centering of first being rule by gudgeon 9, determines above-below direction, then is loaded by key 17 in key 17 groove of gudgeon 9, be pressed into by sleeve pipe 10 on gudgeon 9, by key 17, gudgeon 9 and sleeve pipe 10 is fixed as an entirety.Again the black box of composition described in key 17, gudgeon 9, sleeve pipe 10 and gudgeon plate 8 are set with, weld with gudgeon plate 8 by sleeve pipe 10, again pressed on ring 4, middle ring 5, upper gusset 11 and lower web plate 12 are welded in this black box, form a trunnion base assembly, then trunnion base assembly is welded with inclusion 1.
Embodiment two, see Figure 10 to Figure 12, upper plate 13, left plate 14, lower plate 15, right panel 16 is provided with between described gudgeon plate 8 and inclusion 1, described upper plate 13, left plate 14, lower plate 15, right panel 16 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of gudgeon 9, and the periphery of described upper plate 13, left plate 14, lower plate 15, right panel 16 is all welded mutually with inclusion 1, gudgeon 9, gudgeon plate 8.During installation, first on the outer circumference surface of gudgeon 9, Milling Process goes out mutually perpendicular four planes, center line is drawn to gudgeon 9, gudgeon 9 and gudgeon plate 8 are assembled together, again upper plate 13, left plate 14, lower plate 15, right panel 16 are stuck in gudgeon 9 outer peripheral face mill out in four planes coming, and pressed on ring 4, middle ring 5, upper plate 13, left plate 14, lower plate 15, right panel 16 are welded with gudgeon plate 8 respectively, thus form trunnion base assembly, then this trunnion base assembly is welded with inclusion 1.
Embodiment three, see Figure 21 to Figure 23, a gudgeon stiffening plate 31 is provided with inside described gudgeon plate 8, described gudgeon 9 penetrates in gudgeon plate 8 and gudgeon stiffening plate 31 successively, and gudgeon 9 is key connecting with gudgeon plate 8, gudgeon stiffening plate 31, in the present embodiment, described gudgeon 9 is connected by key 17 with gudgeon stiffening plate 31 with gudgeon plate 8, gudgeon 9, described gudgeon plate 8 both sides are provided with the side seal board 32 be connected with inclusion 1, to guarantee the requirement of strength of welding cinder ladle essential elements.Preferably, described gudgeon plate 8 outer surface is also provided with pressing plate 33, and described gudgeon 9 is located in pressing plate 33, and pressing plate 33 is connected by multiple set bolt 34 with gudgeon plate 8.Because gudgeon 9 uses key connecting and pressing plate 33 to fix, when after the wearing and tearing of gudgeon 9 the latter half face of cylinder, need gudgeon 9 to pull down, turn-over is installed and used.During installation, first process gudgeon 9, the fine finishining of gudgeon 9 size puts in place, keyseat, reprocessing key 17; The centre bore of thick jar axillare 8 and gudgeon stiffening plate 31, then gudgeon plate 8 and gudgeon stiffening plate 31 are welded as a whole with each part of pressed on ring 4, middle ring 5, fine finishining centre bore, and horizontal direction symmetry splines, processing gudgeon plate 8 bolt hole; Each size of fine finishining pressing plate 33, loads in the keyway of gudgeon 9 by key 17, the keyway of any side of horizontal aligument gudgeon plate 8, is pressed into gudgeon 9 in the centre bore of gudgeon plate 8 and gudgeon stiffening plate 31, forms gudgeon 9 holder assembly; Again by assembly welding after gudgeon 9 holder assembly and inclusion 1 centering, then with set bolt 34, pressing plate 33 is fixed on gudgeon plate 8; The upper side seal board 32 of welding again.In addition, in the centre bore of described gudgeon stiffening plate 31 and in the centre bore of pressing plate 33, be equipped with positioning step, the displacement that constraint gudgeon 9 is inside, outside gudgeon 9, be provided with the shaft shoulder, rely on pressing plate 33 to carry out axial location, the displacement that constraint gudgeon 9 is outside.
Further, in order to increase the structural strength of trunnion base assembly, be also provided with gudgeon gusset 18 in the below of gudgeon plate 8, the both sides up and down of described gudgeon gusset 18 are welded mutually with middle ring 5, lower ring 6 respectively, and the inner side of gudgeon gusset 18 is welded with inclusion 1, sees Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.
In the present invention, first assembly welding is carried out to trunnion base assembly, again it is welded with inclusion 1, its production efficiency increases substantially, save a large amount of fine finishining processing charges, and without the need to secondary operations after gudgeon 9 has assembled, and can also avoid the processing capacity processing gudgeon fixing hole on inclusion 1, save the processing charges of processing gudgeon fixing hole in a large number on inclusion 1, also overcome gudgeon 9 in gudgeon mosaic mode and want a difficult problem for secondary operations.In addition, this Novel welding cinder ladle is all welded by low-alloy high-strength sheet material, and easy to assembly, production efficiency is high, is easy to tissue batch production.Preferably, described low-alloy high-strength sheet material is Q345.
This Novel welding cinder ladle is specially adapted to copper ashes slow cooling treatment process, and as shown in Figure 3, this copper ashes slow cooling treatment process comprises the following steps successively:
A, connect slag: under cinder ladle being transported to stove, connect liquid copper ashes;
B, air cooling: cinder ladle is transported to outdoor, allow copper ashes and cinder ladle cool in atmosphere, and make the temperature of copper ashes in cinder ladle slowly drop to 1000 DEG C from 1250 DEG C;
C, spray: copper ashes and cinder ladle are carried out trickle cooling;
D, deslagging: when the temperature of cinder ladle outer wall is less than 50 DEG C, the copper ashes in cinder ladle is outwelled;
E, fragmentation: copper ashes is carried out fragmentation;
F, ball milling: the copper ashes after fragmentation is carried out ball milling and classification, obtain thick ground-slag and qualified thin ground-slag;
G, flotation: qualified thin ground-slag is carried out flotation, obtains powdered copper concentrate;
H, magnetic separation: the mine tailing after flotation is carried out magnetic separation, obtains Iron concentrate.
In this copper ashes slow cooling treatment process, allow liquid copper ashes abundant Slow cooling in atmosphere, air cooling time controls at 10 hours, is conducive to the cohesion of sulphided state or metallic state copper particle in liquid copper ashes and grows up, and then be convenient to follow-up ore grinding separation and FLOTATION SEPARATION, the final rate of recovery improving copper.
Further, when connecing slag, liquid copper ashes directly pours in cinder ladle, and it is very serious to washing away bottom cinder ladle, and then causes cinder ladle bottom temp sharply to rise, thus causes cinder ladle deformation of bottom or cracking, affects service life and use safety.Therefore in order to solve the problem, before connecing slag, first carry out pad slag, namely before carrying out described steps A, first bottom cinder ladle, pad copper ashes.To ensure that cinder ladle inside does not have moisture before pad slag, when confirming that cinder ladle is dry, use loading machine or other equipment to pad copper ashes bottom cinder ladle, and the copper ashes padding slag used also must not contain any moisture, copper ashes granularity is 100 ~ 200mm, and the thickness of pad slag is generally 300 ~ 500mm.Slag is connect again, washing away not directly by liquid copper ashes bottom available protecting cinder ladle after pad slag, thus the service life of improving cinder ladle, also improve the safety coefficient of work.In addition, when running into raindrop, need to pad red slag, red slag temperature, between 500 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C, to make cinder ladle inwall remain dry, ensures to connect slag safety.
In the present embodiment, when connecing slag, under adopting cinder ladle car that cinder ladle fork is transported to stove, and connect slag and must not connect too full, liquid copper ashes must not be less than 200mm to the distance of cinder ladle bead; After connecing slag; the liquid level of copper ashes in cinder ladle must be checked; start just can transport cinder ladle after crust until liquid level, during to guarantee to transport, liquid copper ashes will make liquid copper ashes flow out because cinder ladle rocks, and avoids the generation burning out the problems such as cinder ladle car, even crisis staff personal safety.Preferably, described step B completes in slow cooling field, by cinder ladle car, the cinder ladle fork being mounted with liquid copper ashes is transported to slow cooling field, cool 10 hours in atmosphere, after making the temperature of copper ashes in cinder ladle slowly drop to 1000 DEG C from 1250 DEG C, the phase transition temperature of copper ashes is 1000 DEG C ~ 1250 DEG C, so allow liquid copper ashes in atmosphere and slowly cool fully in its transition temperature range, the abundant knot being conducive to most sulphided state or metallic state copper particle in copper ashes coagulates growth and grows up, the final rate of recovery improving copper.After air cooling, then open sprinkling valve, make copper ashes trickle cool 50 ~ 65 hours, the water overflowed in cinder ladle is used by water spray system cooling Posterior circle, to reduce the cost of copper ashes process, economize energy; In addition, drench the water-cooled time should according to the version of the concrete welding cinder ladle used different and difference to some extent.
Further, because the present invention adopts U-shaped cinder ladle car to pitch bag of mucking haulage, it can reduce copper ashes processing cost by a relatively large margin, improves operating efficiency; And when using U-shaped cinder ladle car deslagging, as shown in figure 17, its movement travel is little, it is less to turn over cornerite degree, the copper ashes in cinder ladle can be outwelled for about 115 °.When bag mucked haulage by fork, the initial station of the U-shaped mechanism of cinder ladle car is lower than cinder ladle gudgeon, so when U-shaped cinder ladle car travels backward, just directly can install on the forked standard of U-shaped operating mechanism by the gudgeon of cinder ladle, the support cylinder of cinder ladle car rises, and just can be transported by cinder ladle easily.Due to only by support oil cylinder jacking about 600mm during transport, then by under the support of safe strut, so support oil cylinder no longer can bear lotus in transit, namely need not knapsack, therefore eliminate the operating cost using other types equipment to carry out knapsack or handling, there is very high cost performance and efficiency.
Preferably, in described step e, copper ashes is carried out three grades of fragmentations, be followed successively by: the one-level completed by common disintegrating machine crocodile formula that is broken, that completed by alligator bevel-type that is broken and that completed by gyratory crusher is broken, to make slag particle thinner evenly, be convenient to follow-up ball-milling treatment.When ball milling, copper ashes particle after fragmentation is entered ball mill through bucket elevator grind, material after grinding is sent into powder concentrator again and is carried out classification, realize the separation of thickness ground-slag, qualified thin ground-slag is collected by collector, and thick ground-slag is discharged to return in ball mill through conveying worm by powder concentrator lower end and again ground, form a closed loop, until copper ashes all ball milling become qualified thin ground-slag.In the present embodiment, copper ashes divides two-stage fine grinding, and granularity, at 200 ~ 400 orders, is beneficial to the rate of recovery improving copper in follow-up flotation.
Further, when carrying out step G, thin ground-slag is roughly selected, selected, scan three sections of flotation, afterwards again by magnetic separation complete Iron concentrate reclaim.Draw through measuring, after adopting above-mentioned steps process copper ashes, the rate of recovery of copper is up to 92%, and the copper content in mine tailing is below 0.2%, and the rate of recovery of copper is significantly promoted.
In addition, copper ashes cupric is by 0.35%, and mine tailing cupric is by 0.20%, and whole nation year process copper ashes is by 1,100 ten thousand tons, then add up after adopting treatment process of the present invention and welding cinder ladle and draw, the quality that can reclaim copper is every year more:
1100 ten thousand tons of * 0.35-0.20/100=1.65 ten thousand tons
By copper valency per ton 5.8 ten thousand/ton, then the annual value reclaiming copper is more:
Hundred million yuan, 1.65 ten thousand tons of * 5.8 ten thousand/tons=9.57
In addition, it is high that the present invention configures domestic U-shaped cinder ladle car cost performance: copper smelting-furnace workshop, the width in workshop and clear height, there is the feature of compact in design, due to U-shaped cinder ladle car have run center of gravity low, operate steadily, radius of turn is little, the features such as fortune tank height is low, be particularly suitable for copper ashes ring awkward silence at a meeting cinder ladle quantity many, cinder ladle arrangement is intensive, the operating modes such as turnover space, cinder ladle stockyard is little, configure domestic U-shaped cinder ladle car can satisfy the demand completely, and price is less than 4 one-tenth of import U-shaped cinder ladle car, there is obvious price advantage, simultaneously in vehicle maintenance, overcoming accessory, to purchase the cycle long, the disadvantage of price, be conducive to ensureing production direct motion.For certain medium-sized cupper smelting, configure 4 U-shaped cinder ladle cars, can need of production be met, single cinder ladle car, save equipment investment expense 2,500 ten thousand yuan.
Meanwhile, the welding cinder ladle configuring special adaptation copper ashes of the present invention slow cooling significantly improves cinder ladle service efficiency and has huge social benefit.For a medium-sized cupper smelting, use 12 cubes of cinder ladles, 300 can meet copper ashes slow cooling process needs.Use welding cinder ladle of the present invention, can improve service life more than 50% than casting cinder ladle, then the acquisition expenses casting cinder ladle is every year (300*30)/5=1,800 ten thousand yuan, and annual casting cinder ladle maintenance cost is 2*3,00=,600 ten thousand yuan; And the acquisition expenses of annual welding cinder ladle of the present invention is (300*38)/7=1,628 ten thousand yuan, annual welding cinder ladle maintenance cost is 0.5*300=150 ten thousand yuan, then use welding cinder ladle of the present invention, annual operating cost is comparatively cast cinder ladle and is reduced: (1800+600)-(1628+150)=6,220,000 yuan.
Welding cinder ladle of the present invention is used to substitute casting cinder ladle, avoid the energy resource consumption that casting secondary smelting brings, the energy consumption of casting cinder ladle material per ton is 0.8tce, often the energy resource consumption of cover casting cinder ladle is 20tce, the cinder ladle quantity needed with medium-sized cupper smelting calculates, casting 300 energy consumed is 6000tce, and cause the huge consumption to national energy, the dust discharged towards periphery reaches 50*25*300=375000Kg; Form waste residue 200*25*300=1500000Kg; Discharging waste gas 20*25*300=150000m
3, therefore welding cinder ladle of the present invention substitute casting cinder ladle economic benefit and social benefit huge.
Further; in technological process of the present invention; pad slag operation, pad the control of red slag; by the washing away from high temperature copper ashes at the bottom of welding cinder ladle bag of the present invention that adequately protect; cinder ladle inwall is avoided to chap in early days and Material degradation; give full play to welding cinder ladle Material Strength of the present invention and do to obtain advantage, improve the service life of welding cinder ladle.And ensure that production process is without the accident of blowing out, and guarantees production safety.
To sum up, the copper ashes slow cooling treatment process that the present invention relates to can increase substantially the organic efficiency of copper, the welding cinder ladle used when connecing slag adopts one barrel of structure on earth and adopts after the structure of inclusion 1 bottom welding tank pin 2, makes the quality of welding cinder ladle, service life is obtained for and significantly improves.Simultaneously, welding cinder ladle has the advantages such as manufacture energy consumption is low, maintenance frequency is few, long service life, operation expense are low, greatly reduce foundry slag bag in the fabrication process to the pollution of environment, avoid casting cinder ladle to repeat to smelt the energy high flow rate caused, welding cinder ladle replaces the casting cinder ladle in Copper making field, meet the industrial policy of national energy-saving consumption reduction, economic environmental protection, expansion is applied has significant economic benefit and huge social benefit.
So the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcoming of the prior art and tool high industrial utilization.
Above-described embodiment is illustrative principle of the present invention and effect thereof only, but not for limiting the present invention.Any person skilled in the art scholar all without prejudice under spirit of the present invention and category, can modify above-described embodiment or changes.Therefore, such as have in art usually know the knowledgeable do not depart from complete under disclosed spirit and technological thought all equivalence modify or change, must be contained by claim of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is applicable to the Novel welding cinder ladle of copper ashes retarded cooling process, it is characterized in that: comprise be pressed into holistic inclusion (1), be welded on inclusion (1) bottom bag at the bottom of and multiple be welded on bag the end bottom tank pin (2), be provided with heat-dissipating space (3) between adjacent two tank pin (2), described inclusion (1), the bag end and the material of tank pin (2) are low-alloy high-strength sheet material.
2. Novel welding cinder ladle according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the outward flange of described inclusion (1) upper end is provided with multiple downward and outward-dipping overfall (101).
3. Novel welding cinder ladle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the outer peripheral face of described inclusion (1) is welded with successively pressed on ring (4), middle ring (5) and lower ring (6) from top to bottom, the outer wall of described inclusion (1) is also welded with multiple longitudinal gusset (7), the material of described pressed on ring (4), middle ring (5), lower ring (6) and longitudinal gusset (7) is low-alloy high-strength sheet material.
4. Novel welding cinder ladle according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described inclusion (1) both sides are all welded with a gudgeon plate (8), is fixed with a gudgeon (9) in described gudgeon plate (8).
5. Novel welding cinder ladle according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described gudgeon (9) is located in a sleeve pipe (10), and gudgeon (9) and sleeve pipe (10) are key connecting, also be provided with gusset (11) and lower web plate (12) between described gudgeon plate (8) and inclusion (1), described upper gusset (11) and lower web plate (12) lay respectively at the both sides up and down of sleeve pipe (10).
6. Novel welding cinder ladle according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: be provided with upper plate (13), left plate (14), lower plate (15), right panel (16) between described gudgeon plate (8) and inclusion (1), described upper plate (13), left plate (14), lower plate (15), right panel (16) are uniformly distributed along the circumference of gudgeon (9).
7. Novel welding cinder ladle according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described gudgeon plate (8) is tilted near the direction of inclusion (1), and described gudgeon plate (8) is 3 ° ~ 5 ° with the angle α of vertical plane.
8. Novel welding cinder ladle according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described gudgeon plate (8) inner side is provided with a gudgeon stiffening plate (31), described gudgeon (9) penetrates in gudgeon plate (8) and gudgeon stiffening plate (31) successively, and gudgeon (9) is key connecting with gudgeon plate (8), gudgeon stiffening plate (31), described gudgeon plate (8) both sides are provided with the side seal board (32) be connected with inclusion (1).
9. Novel welding cinder ladle according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described gudgeon plate (8) outer surface is also provided with pressing plate (33), described gudgeon (9) is located in pressing plate (33), and pressing plate (33) is connected by multiple set bolt (34) with gudgeon plate (8).
10. Novel welding cinder ladle according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the outer side-lower of described overfall (101) is provided with the water tank (20) be connected with overfall (101), the lower end of this water tank (20) is provided with distributive pipe (21), described distributive pipe (21) is provided with multiple conduction hole (30) near the side of inclusion (1), described middle ring (5) upper surface is also provided with a water collection sheet (28), a water leg (29) is formed between this water collection sheet (28) and inclusion (1), described middle ring (5) and lower ring (6) are also provided with conduction hole (30), described inclusion (1) outer wall is also provided with one and is arranged in point water plate (35) between ring (5) and lower ring (6), drainage gap is provided with between described point of water plate (35) and inclusion (1).
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| CN115386662A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2022-11-25 | 中冶宝钢技术服务有限公司 | Trunnion assembly, slag ladle and slag ladle manufacturing method |
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| CN104550892B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
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