CN104549076B - 一种粉末气溶胶发生器 - Google Patents

一种粉末气溶胶发生器 Download PDF

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CN104549076B
CN104549076B CN201410825939.1A CN201410825939A CN104549076B CN 104549076 B CN104549076 B CN 104549076B CN 201410825939 A CN201410825939 A CN 201410825939A CN 104549076 B CN104549076 B CN 104549076B
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CN104549076A (zh
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钱军
刘林娜
赵思言
禹忠全
陈权威
夏志平
郭振东
周博
王承宇
李忠义
黄耕
李乾学
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Institute of Military Veterinary Academy of Military Medical Sciences PLA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/0095—Preparation of aerosols
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
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Abstract

一种粉末气溶胶发生器，包括空气压缩机、空气过滤器、干法分散仪以及分散喷头。其通过超声波高频振荡使加料漏斗中的粉末样品均匀进入分散漏斗，再通过高速压缩气体产生负压带动粉末粒子运动，在分散漏斗中搅拌、剪切、碰撞等方式充分分散，最后进入分散喷头，形成均匀的粉末气溶胶。本发明通过调节超声波振动频率、振幅大小、压缩气体压力、喷头孔径等参数，可产生直径为0.1～100μm，质量浓度为0.01-7g/m3的粉末气溶胶。该气溶胶发生器具有准确可靠、发生速度快、重复性好、操作简便等突出特点。

Description

一种粉末气溶胶发生器
技术领域
本发明属于流体力学技术领域，具体涉及一种粉末气溶胶发生器。
背景技术
气溶胶是固态或液态微粒悬浮于气体介质中所形成的分散系统。发生稳定且符合一定粒径分布的气溶胶是一项重要的气溶胶技术，它主要用于进行气溶胶实验研究、标定测量仪器以及开发和测试空气净化与采样设备等应用领域。
随着人类的发展以及科学技术的进步，环境污染问题逐渐突出，尤其近年来，我国北方地区经常遭受雾霾袭击。霾是一种特殊的粉末气溶胶。为了研究雾霾的相关性质以及危害性，在实验室内进行相关模拟实验至关重要。为此，开发稳定可靠的粉末气溶胶发生器成为环境科学以及生命科学领域的重要内容之一。
发明内容
本发明提供粉末气溶胶发生器，能产生颗粒分散度较好、粒径分布和浓度可调节的粉末气溶胶；该装置结构简单，操作维护方便，投资及维护费用低廉。
本发明提供的一种粉末气溶胶发生装置，包括空气压缩机、三级空气过滤器、干法分散仪和分散喷头。其中，干法分散仪包括主机箱、加料漏斗、超声振动器、进样器、分散漏斗、负压腔、气压调节阀、分散喷头和带推拉门的保护罩。空气压缩机通过管路连接到三级空气过滤器，三级空气过滤器出来的气体管路进入负压腔；加料漏斗的外面设有带推拉门的保护罩，防止灰尘进入加料漏斗。加料漏斗在进样器上方，槽状的进样器与超声振动器连接，超声振动器产生超声波高频振荡带动进样器匀速运动。分散漏斗的开口在进样器的末端下方，下端的出口与负压腔相通，分散漏斗接收从槽状的进样器滑下的气溶胶粉末，将气溶胶粉末带入负压腔，与负压腔内的高速气流发生作用。分散喷头在负压腔的管道一端，负压腔与三级空气过滤器之间设有气压调节阀。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下优点及突出性效果：本发明通过调节振动器振动频率和振幅大小、压缩气体压力、分散喷头孔径等参数，可产生直径为0.1～100μm，质量浓度为0.01-7g/m3的粉末气溶胶，可以完全满足各种设备检测和实验研究的需要。另外，本发明的所有操作程序均由电脑统一控制，按预设程序自动完成。本发明结构简单，操作方便，维护简单，投资及维护费用低。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图。
图2是粉末气溶胶与高速气流发生的作用力示意图。
图中：1空气压缩机；2三级空气过滤器；3主机箱；4推拉门；5保护罩；6加料漏斗；7超声振动器；8进样器；9分散漏斗；10负压腔；11气压调节阀；12分散喷头；13气体管路。
具体实施方式
如图所示，一种粉末气溶胶发生装置，主要由空气压缩机1、三级空气过滤器2、主机箱3、推拉门4、加料漏斗6、超声振动器7、进样器8、分散漏斗9、负压腔10、气压调节阀11、分散喷头12组成，其中主机箱、加料漏斗、超声振动器、进样器、分散漏斗、负压腔、气压调节阀、分散喷头和带推拉门的保护罩共同构成干法分散仪。空气压缩机通过管路连接到三级空气过滤器，三级空气过滤器出来的气体管路进入负压腔；加料漏斗的外面有带推拉门的保护罩。加料漏斗在进样器上方，槽状的进样器与超声振动器连接，超声振动器产生超声波高频振荡带动进样器匀速运动。分散漏斗的开口在进样器的末端下方，下端的出口与负压腔相通，分散漏斗接收从槽状的进样器滑下的气溶胶粉末，将气溶胶粉末带入负压腔，和负压腔内的高速气流发生作用。分散喷头在负压腔管道的一端，负压腔与三级空气过滤器之间设有气压调节阀。
粉末样品通过加料漏斗加入，超声振动器产生超声波高频振荡带动进样器，使样品从加料漏斗中均匀进入进样器，并按照一定速度均匀通过，落入分散漏斗。通过空气压缩机和三级空气过滤器产生压力为0.1MPa～0.4MPa的洁净压缩空气，通过气体管路进入负压腔；高速气流产生负压带动分散漏斗中的粉末运动，在分散漏斗中搅拌、剪切、碰撞等方式充分分散，再由气流产生的负压带动进入分散喷头，形成均匀的粉末气溶胶。

Claims (2)

1.一种粉末气溶胶发生装置，包括空气压缩机、三级空气过滤器、干法分散仪和分散喷头；其特征在于，其中，干法分散仪包括主机箱、加料漏斗、超声振动器、进样器、分散漏斗、负压腔、气压调节阀、分散喷头和带推拉门的保护罩；空气压缩机通过管路连接到三级空气过滤器，三级空气过滤器出来的气体管路进入负压腔；加料漏斗的外面设有带推拉门的保护罩，防止灰尘进入加料漏斗；加料漏斗在进样器上方，槽状的进样器与超声振动器连接，超声振动器产生超声波高频振荡带动进样器匀速运动；分散漏斗的开口在进样器的末端下方，下端的出口与负压腔相通，分散漏斗接收从槽状的进样器滑下的气溶胶粉末，将气溶胶粉末带入负压腔，与负压腔内的高速气流发生作用；分散喷头在负压腔的管道一端，负压腔与三级空气过滤器之间设有气压调节阀。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种粉末气溶胶发生装置，其特征在于，空气压缩机和三级空气过滤器产生压力为0.1MPa～0.4MPa的洁净压缩空气。
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CN105372164B (zh) * 2015-12-11 2018-02-27 天津开发区合普工贸有限公司 自稀释气溶胶筛分标定装置
CN105944632B (zh) * 2016-07-11 2017-09-26 中国环境科学研究院 一种防止低流动性药物结块的粉末气溶胶发生器
CN107469728B (zh) * 2017-08-04 2020-08-14 上海交通大学 一种可控微量颗粒物加料装置及其使用方法
WO2019104074A1 (en) 2017-11-21 2019-05-31 New Mexico Tech University Research Park Corporation Aerosol method for coating
CN108187514B (zh) * 2018-01-30 2021-03-23 中国科学院过程工程研究所 一种粉尘发生系统及其处理方法
CN112807127A (zh) * 2021-02-03 2021-05-18 军事科学院军事医学研究院军事兽医研究所 一种可控粒径气溶胶发生暴露装置

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