CN1045475C - 直流电弧炉通过倾动顶电极控制偏弧的方法 - Google Patents

直流电弧炉通过倾动顶电极控制偏弧的方法 Download PDF

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CN1045475C
CN1045475C CN96116396A CN96116396A CN1045475C CN 1045475 C CN1045475 C CN 1045475C CN 96116396 A CN96116396 A CN 96116396A CN 96116396 A CN96116396 A CN 96116396A CN 1045475 C CN1045475 C CN 1045475C
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arc
furnace
top electrode
tilting
current conducting
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CN1171446A (zh
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洪新
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Shanghai Key Laboratory of new technology development and application of iron and steel metallurgy
Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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Major Laboratory Of New Iron-Steel Metallurgical Technology Development And Appl
Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种控制直流电弧炉中电弧偏移量和偏移方向的方法。其特征是通过顶电极1两个自由度方向的倾动使其下端朝着偏弧的反方向移动，从而改变起弧点的位置及作用在电弧区上电磁力的平衡状态。顶电极1的倾动可由设各炉壁和炉底处的测温系统4给出信号并通过手动或自动操纵系统和执行机构进行控制。从检测顶电极位置、摆动阻力以及机电联锁等获得的信号可以作为安全倾动所必要的辅助信息。顶电极1的倾动操作系统可汇入电弧炉的整体监控系统之中。

Description

直流电弧炉通过倾动顶电极控制偏弧的方法
本发明涉及一种直流电弧炉的控弧方法，特别是一种通过对改变单个顶电极的倾角来控制电弧偏移量和偏移方向的方法。
在现有的直流电弧炉，尤其是大吨位的炉子上，由于不均匀电磁场造成的电弧偏移是运行时产生熔化不均匀、炉内部分积料以及炉衬和炉壳热点的主要原因，这些现象不仅限制了设备的最大送电功率，延长了熔化时间和降低了生产率，还会对设备造成十分有害的影响。通过底电极输电母线的优化布置，虽然可以在一定程度上减少电弧区附近磁场的不均匀性从而减少偏弧，或者有意识地使电弧向所要求的方向偏移。但是由于炉体及周围设施中铁磁体对磁场的复杂影响，实际上难于做到靠事先精确的计算来保证其防偏或定向偏弧的效果。另一方面，也不能事后根据工艺条件的变动来灵活地控制电弧的偏移量及其偏移方向。在炉体外部适当的位置设在感应线圈的方法虽然存在着灵活纠偏的可能性，但是由于铁磁性炉壳的屏蔽作用而使感应圈作用在电弧区的电磁力大为削弱，而铁磁体炉壳对于减少输电导线的偏弧力和操作现场的电磁干扰力往往又是必不可少的。在具有多个底电极的电炉设备上采用改变各个底电极分支电流值实现控弧的方法不仅增加了电气设备的复杂性，而且由于各分支电流允许波动幅度的有限而限制了控弧的范围，尤其是在采用同一套顶电极装置轮流送以的双炉设备上，非运行炉产生的铁磁影响会使运行炉的控弧失效。
本发明的目的提供一种控制直流电弧炉电弧的方法，特别是通过设变单个顶电极的倾角来控制电弧偏移置和偏移方向的方法。本发明是这样实现的；通过改变顶电极二个自由度方向的倾动，使其下端朝着偏弧的反方向移动，从而改变起弧点的位置以及作用在电弧区上电磁力的平衡状态，以达到纠正偏弧或有意识地控制电弧方向。由于设在炉壁和炉底处的测温系统指示了炉体的热点和冷点的状态从而间接地反映了电弧的工作状态，因而可以作为顶电极倾动动作的主信号和倾动幅度的依据，即通过各测点温差值与设定值的比较决定顶电极倾动的方向和幅度。该方法具有很大的灵活性，在事先合理布置导电母线的基础上，顶电极小角度的倾动(一般在正负3度以内)，就可以收到沿水平面的任意方向纠偏和控弧的效果。该方法还具有很好的稳定性和防干扰性，因此既适合于单炉运行的直流电弧炉，也适合于采用同一套顶电极装置轮流送电的双炉设备。
图1是本发明提出的直流电弧炉通过倾动顶电极控制偏弧方法的结构示意图。
下面结合图1对本发明作进一步的叙述并结合对本发明的具体实施例作详细的说明。
在执行机构3的驱动下，顶电极1随着电极横臂2在两个方向即图1中的YOZ和XOZ平面上作小角度的倾动，这两个运动的组合可使顶电极1的下端在钢液面图1中XOY平面上的投影朝着所要求的任意方向移动。设在炉壁和炉底处的测温系统4指示炉体的温度分布状况并通过操纵系统5控制执行机构3。检测系统6提供顶电极1安全倾动所需要的辅助信号，如：电极升降高度的检测信号、电极动作的机电联锁检测信号以及摆动执行机构的过载检测信号等。操纵系统可由监控器7监控并汇入电弧炉的整体监控系统之中。
本发明的具体实施例，可见专利申请号96230107.8的直流电弧炉通过倾动顶电极控制偏弧的装置。

Claims (3)

1．一种控制直流电弧炉偏弧的方法，其特征是：电弧偏移量和偏移方向的控制是通过改变单个顶电极1的倾角来实现的。
2．根据权利要求1所规定的控制偏弧的方法，其特征为：执行顶电极1倾动的主信号可由设在炉壁和炉底处的测温信号给出，这些信号指示操纵系统5和执行机构3在两个自由度方向倾动电极横臂2，从而倾动顶电极1使其下端朝着偏弧的反方向移动至适当的位置。
3．根据权利要求1所规定的控制偏弧的方法，其特征在于：带有监控器7的操纵系统5在接受炉体测温系统4所发出主信号的同时，还接受由检测系统6等提供的辅助信号以保证预电极1的安全倾动。
CN96116396A 1996-06-21 1996-06-21 直流电弧炉通过倾动顶电极控制偏弧的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1045475C (zh)

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CN108660321A (zh) * 2018-08-03 2018-10-16 苏州振湖电炉有限公司 一种电渣炉电极夹持器的倾角调整机构
CN110645578A (zh) * 2019-08-26 2020-01-03 光大环保技术装备（常州）有限公司 一种等离子熔融炉及其电极结构

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1059594A (zh) * 1990-09-03 1992-03-18 亚瑞亚·勃朗勃威力有限公司 直流电弧炉

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1059594A (zh) * 1990-09-03 1992-03-18 亚瑞亚·勃朗勃威力有限公司 直流电弧炉

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