CN104546796A - Enrofloxacin microcapsules and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Enrofloxacin microcapsules and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of medicines and discloses enrofloxacin microcapsules and a preparation method thereof. The enrofloxacin microcapsules are prepared by the following steps: by taking gelatin and an anionic polymer as wall materials, adding auxiliary materials comprising a surfactant, a curing agent and an anti-adhesion agent, and preparing the enrofloxacin microcapsules by adopting a complex coacervation method. The problems that the enrofloxacin is bitter in taste, low in palatability and low in photo-thermal stability and has great irritation to the stomach and the like are mainly solved. Compared with the prior art, the enrofloxacin microcapsules disclosed by the invention are simple in prescription and low in preparation cost, the obtained preparation is high in encapsulation efficiency, the stability of the enrofloxacin is improved, the bitterness of the enrofloxacin is covered, the palatability is high, lots of medicines are released under high-pH conditions, and drug is released in an acidic stomach environment, so that the stomach stimulation can be reduced. Meanwhile, according to the microcapsule preparation, the bioavailability of the enrofloxacin is improved, and the preparation is a stable, safe and effective preparation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to medical art, relate to preparation of Enrofloxacin microcapsule and preparation method thereof specifically.
Background technology
Enrofloxacin is a kind of antimicrobial drug of synthetic animal specific, belongs to third generation quinolones preparation.Enrofloxacin has broad-spectrum bactericidal action, all effective to the antibacterial of resting stage and trophophase, it is to multiple gram positive bacteria and gram negative bacteria, and mycoplasma has good bactericidal action, as bacillus pyocyaneus, escherichia coli, Salmonella, shigella, klebsiella, pasteurella, Bacillus proteus, staphylococcus, chlamydia etc. are effective.
Enrofloxacin acts on bacterial cell DNA helicase, and make antibacterial not form superhelix, chromosome is impaired, thus generation bactericidal action, so the chance producing cross resistance is little, and enrofloxacin toxicity is little, use therapeutic dose without teratogenesis, mutagenic action, Clinical practice safety.
Because enrofloxacin fungicidal spectrum is wide, bactericidal effect is good, is therefore subject to the trust of numerous raisers.At present, on market, the primary formulation of enrofloxacin has: soluble powder, solution, injection etc.Wherein, injection belongs to individual administration, and onset is rapid, and shortcoming is the use being not suitable for intensive large-scale farming; Other preparations are peroral dosage form, be applicable to large-scale cultivation, but enrofloxacin are very bitter; and scent of, affect palatability, and the stomach of enrofloxacin to poultry there is stimulation; cause animal to vomit time serious, the taste that even some pig smells enrofloxacin just be unwilling to be taken food feedstuff.
Therefore, how to eliminate enrofloxacin bitterness and abnormal smells from the patient, and the novel form research not affecting the therapeutic effect of enrofloxacin causes the concern of people.Current domestic correlational study mainly contains several as follows:
The first, change enrofloxacin molecular structure by chemical reaction.Such as Enrofloxacin HCL, Enrofloxacin, enrofloxacin sodium etc., shortcoming is pharmacy cost increase, and not obvious to the bitterness improvement result of medicine.
The second, make bag by preparation.The patent No. is that ZL200510050039.5 Chinese patent discloses a kind of 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule and preparation method, mainly outer with coating material parcel twice at enrofloxacin granule, adds sweeting agent again, to cover enrofloxacin bitterness simultaneously.The method production process dust is comparatively large, and to medicine parcel not exclusively, coating rate is low.Application number is the preparation method that the Chinese patent of 200610049243.X discloses a kind of taste masking type enrofloxacin, gelatin is mixed with glycerol, make gelatin-plasticizer composite solution, again enrofloxacin is dropped into and make suspension, afterwards by suspension spraying dry, but the enrofloxacin taste masking preparation release prepared by this method, without pH dependency, has stimulation to the stomach of poultry.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of taste masking effective, excellent in stability, drug release has 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule of pH dependent form and preparation method thereof.
A kind of 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule, this microcapsule is made up of according to weight ratio following prescription:
As preferably, described 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule, is characterized in that described wall material is made up of gelatin and anionic polymer.
Preferred as another kind, described 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule, is characterized in that the mass ratio of gelatin and anionic polymer in described wall material is 1: 0.2 ~ 1, and the mass ratio of preferred gelatin and anionic polymer is 1: 0.5.
Preferred as another kind, described anionic polymer, it is characterized in that described anionic polymer is following one: arabic gum, cellacefate, sodium alginate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, preferred anionic polymer is sodium alginate.
Preferred as another kind, described 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule, is characterized in that described surfactant is the mixing of one or more following any proportioning: sodium lauryl sulphate (SDS), polyoxyethylene hydrogenated Oleum Ricini (
rH40), polyoxyethylene sorbitan monoleate, phospholipid, cholesterol.
Preferred as another kind, described 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule, is characterized in that described firming agent is following one: formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, anhydrous calcium chloride.
Preferred as another kind, described 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule, is characterized in that the preparation method of 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule is complex coacervation.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of described 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule, mainly comprise the steps:
One, be added to the water by gelatin, after soaked overnight, heating makes it dissolve, and obtains gelatin solution; Be added to the water by anionic polymer, after soaking certain hour, heating makes it dissolve, and obtains anionic polymer solution;
Two, in the gelatin solution of step one preparation, enrofloxacin raw material and surfactant is added, be placed in colloid mill grinding 60 ~ 300s, obtain stable suspension, then drip anionic polymer solution wherein, after dropwising, obtain mixed liquor by this Solution Dispersion to purified water;
Three, pH to 4.2 ~ 4.8 of regulating step two gained mixed liquor, add firming agent after cooling, add antitackiness agent, obtain microcapsule suspension after reaction certain hour;
Four, by step 3 gained microcapsule suspension sucking filtration, dehydrated alcohol washes 3 ~ 5 times, 40 DEG C of vacuum drying oven inner dryings, the 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule that to obtain with gelatin and anionic polymer be wall material.
Preferred as another kind, the preparation method of described 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule, is characterized in that the concentration of institute's gelatine solution is 0.01g/mL ~ 0.15g/mL.
Preferred as another kind, the preparation method of described 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule, is characterized in that the temperature after the cooling of described mixed liquor is 5 DEG C ~ 15 DEG C.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is mainly:
1) the present invention is with gelatin and anionic polymer for wall material, and preparing 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule by complex coacervation, take water-soluble high-molecular compound as natural material, use safety, stable in properties.
2) the 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule envelop rate prepared of the present invention and drug loading higher, mask the bitterness of enrofloxacin.
3) 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule prepared of the present invention, compare with listing preparation enrofloxacin powder, its stability and bioavailability are significantly increased.
4) the 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule drug release tool pH dependency prepared of the present invention, medicine only discharges under higher pH condition, decreases the zest to stomach.
5) present invention process is simple to operate, preparation process mild condition, and equipment needed thereby is simple, and adjuvant used is inexpensive, be easy to get, and solvent for use is water, nontoxic, realizes production zero-emission.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The heat stability Experimental comparison curve chart of Fig. 1 enrofloxacin powder, embodiment 1 microcapsule, embodiment 2 microcapsule, embodiment 3 microcapsule, embodiment 4 microcapsule.
The stripping curve of Fig. 2 embodiment 4 microcapsule in purified water, 0.1N hydrochloric acid solution, pH6.8 phosphate buffer.
Fig. 3 enrofloxacin powder, the Drug-time curve of embodiment 4 microcapsule in pig body.
Detailed description of the invention
Now in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail, but enforcement of the present invention is not limited only to this.Agents useful for same of the present invention and raw material all commercially maybe can be prepared by literature method.
Enrofloxacin of the present invention is purchased from Chinanimal Nanjing Veterinary Drugs Co., Ltd.; Enrofloxacin powder is purchased from Chinanimal Nanjing Veterinary Drugs Co., Ltd..
The experimental technique of unreceipted actual conditions in the following example, usually conveniently condition, or according to the condition that manufacturer advises.
Embodiment 1: the preparation of 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule
0.3g gelatin is added in 30mL water, to spend the night immersion, heating makes it dissolve, obtain the gelatin solution that concentration is 0.01g/mL, 0.3g sodium alginate is added in 30mL water, soak 40min, heating makes it dissolve, obtain the sodium alginate soln that concentration is 0.01g/mL, 0.6g enrofloxacin and 0.01g sodium lauryl sulphate is added in gelatin solution, be placed in colloid mill grinding 60 ~ 300s, form stable suspension, sodium alginate soln is dripped in this suspension, stirring at room temperature 10min, suspension is dispersed in 200mL purified water under 500rpm rotating speed, 10% acetum regulates suspension pH to be 4.2 ~ 4.8, ice-water bath is cooled to 15 DEG C, add 0.1g formalin, now solution viscosity declines, 0.1g micropowder silica gel is added in beaker, curing reaction 30min, by suspension sucking filtration, dehydrated alcohol washes 3 ~ 5 times, in 40 DEG C of vacuum drying oven inner dryings, the 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule that to obtain with gelatin and anionic polymer sodium alginate be wall material.
Embodiment 2: the preparation of 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule
4.5g gelatin is added in 30mL water, to spend the night immersion, heating makes it dissolve, namely the gelatin solution that concentration is 0.15g/mL is obtained, 0.9g sodium alginate is added in 30mL water, soak 40min, heating makes it dissolve, namely the sodium alginate soln that concentration is 0.03g/mL is obtained, 2.7g enrofloxacin and 0.01g polyoxyethylene sorbitan monoleate is added in gelatin solution, be placed in colloid mill grinding 60 ~ 300s, form stable suspension, sodium alginate soln is dripped in this suspension, stirring at room temperature 10min, suspension is dispersed in 200mL purified water under 500rpm rotating speed, 10% acetum regulates suspension pH to be 4.2 ~ 4.8, ice-water bath is cooled to 12 DEG C, add 0.1g glutaraldehyde, now solution viscosity declines, 0.1g micropowder silica gel is added in beaker, curing reaction 30min, by suspension sucking filtration, dehydrated alcohol washes 3 ~ 5 times, in 40 DEG C of vacuum drying oven inner dryings, the 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule that to obtain with gelatin and anionic polymer sodium alginate be wall material.
Embodiment 3: the preparation of 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule
0.9g gelatin is added in 30mL water, to spend the night immersion, heating makes it dissolve, namely the gelatin solution that concentration is 0.03g/mL is obtained, 0.27g sodium alginate is added in 30mL water, soak 40min, heating makes it dissolve, namely the sodium alginate soln that concentration is 0.009g/mL is obtained, 0.6g enrofloxacin and 0.01g phospholipid and cholesterin complex is added in gelatin solution, be placed in colloid mill grinding 60 ~ 300s, form stable suspension, sodium alginate soln is dripped in this suspension, stirring at room temperature 10min, suspension is dispersed in 200mL purified water under 500rpm rotating speed, 10% acetum regulates suspension pH to be 4.2 ~ 4.8, ice-water bath is cooled to 8 DEG C, add 0.1g glutaraldehyde, now solution viscosity declines, 0.1g micropowder silica gel is added in beaker, curing reaction 30min, by suspension sucking filtration, dehydrated alcohol washes 3 ~ 5 times, in 40 DEG C of vacuum drying oven inner dryings, the 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule that to obtain with gelatin and anionic polymer sodium alginate be wall material.
Embodiment 4: the preparation of 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule
0.9g gelatin is added in 30mL water, to spend the night immersion, heating makes it dissolve, namely the gelatin solution that concentration is 0.03g/mL is obtained, added by 0.45g sodium alginate in 30mL water, soak 40min, heating makes it dissolve, namely obtain the sodium alginate soln that concentration is 0.015g/mL, add in gelatin solution 0.8g enrofloxacin and 0.01g polyoxyethylene hydrogenated Oleum Ricini (
rH40), be placed in colloid mill grinding 60 ~ 300s, form stable suspension, sodium alginate soln is dripped in this suspension, stirring at room temperature 10min, suspension is dispersed in 200mL purified water under 500rpm rotating speed, 10% acetum regulates suspension pH to be 4.2 ~ 4.8, ice-water bath is cooled to 5 DEG C, add 0.1g anhydrous calcium chloride, now solution viscosity declines, 0.1g micropowder silica gel is added in beaker, curing reaction 30min, by suspension sucking filtration, dehydrated alcohol washes 3 ~ 5 times, in 40 DEG C of vacuum drying oven inner dryings, the 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule that to obtain with gelatin and anionic polymer sodium alginate be wall material.
Embodiment 5: the mensuration of envelop rate and drug loading
Standard curve preparation and sample treatment:
Precision takes enrofloxacin 10.0mg, is placed in 100mL volumetric flask, dissolves, be settled to scale, obtain the enrofloxacin solution that concentration is 100 μ g/mL by purified water with a small amount of 0.1N sodium hydroxide solution.As mother solution dilution, obtain the enrofloxacin solution that concentration is 2,3,5,7,9,10 μ g/mL.With purified water for blank reference, under maximum absorption wavelength, measure absorbance, carry out linear regression, drawing standard curve with absorbance A to concentration C (μ g/mL), obtaining regression equation is A=0.0921C+0.0069, r=0.9999.
Precision takes each embodiment microcapsule being equivalent to enrofloxacin 25.0mg, be placed in 250mL volumetric flask, add the phosphate buffer of the pH7.4 of about 2/3, under 40 DEG C of water-baths, stir 2h, be settled to scale with the phosphate buffer of pH7.4, cross 0.45 μm of microporous filter membrane, precision pipettes subsequent filtrate 5mL in 100mL volumetric flask, be settled to scale with the phosphate buffer dilution of pH7.4, measure absorbance through ultraviolet spectrophotometer, calculate determining enrofloxacin content according to standard curve.
Embodiment 6: heat stabilization test
Get appropriate enrofloxacin powder, embodiment 1 microcapsule, embodiment 2 microcapsule, embodiment 3 microcapsule, embodiment 4 microcapsule be placed on surface plate, in right amount in 60 DEG C of calorstats.Often take sample at regular intervals appropriate, dissolve with pH7.4 phosphate buffer, through UV spectrophotometer measuring content after dilution, result as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 7: dissolution determination
Measure the dissolution of embodiment 4 microcapsule in purified water, 0.1N hydrochloric acid solution, pH6.8 phosphate buffer three kinds of dissolution mediums.Precision take be equivalent to enrofloxacin 0.03g 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule totally 6 parts for subsequent use.Render to 6 stripping rotor examples respectively containing 900mL purified water respectively, measure by the dissolution method paddle method of " People's Republic of China's veterinary drug allusion quotation ", release medium temperature (37 ± 0.5) DEG C, Kaplan rotating speed 50r/min, in 5,10,20,30,45,60,90,120min spot sampling, every sub-sampling 5mL, cross 0.45 μm of microporous filter membrane, supplement in time the dissolution medium 5mL of (37 ± 0.5) DEG C, precision measures 1mL subsequent filtrate and puts 10mL volumetric flask, be settled to scale with dissolution medium dilution, measure absorbance through ultraviolet spectrophotometer.The dissolution of other two kinds of dissolution mediums is measured in the same method.Dissolution determination the results are shown in accompanying drawing 2.
Embodiment 8: Pharmacokinetic experiments
By the 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule for preparing in embodiment 4 to pig feeding.Experimental procedure is as follows:
One, take a blood sample through vena cava anterior by after reagent and reference preparation single-dose, take a blood sample 5mL at every turn.Gather blank plasma before administration, after administration 15,30,45min, 1,1.5,2,4,6,8,12,24,36,48,60h gathers plasma sample respectively, is placed in advance with in the polyethylene tube of anticoagulant heparin, 4000r.min
-1centrifugal 5min, separated blood plasma puts-20 DEG C of Refrigerator stores, to be measured.
Two, accurately get blood plasma 0.5mL, put in 5mL centrifuge tube with cover, add 800 μ L methanol, vortex mixing 5min, 12000r.min
-1centrifugal 10min, Aspirate supernatant (all shifting), nitrogen dries up, and redissolves with mobile phase.
Chromatographic condition:
Chromatographic column: Thermo C18 (5.0 μm, 250 × 4.0mm)
Mobile phase: acetonitrile: 0.1mol/L phosphoric acid (pH3.5 adjusted by triethylamine)=15: 85
Column temperature: 35 DEG C
Flow velocity: 1.0mL/min
Determined wavelength: 278nm
Sample size: 20 μ L
Preparation of Enrofloxacin microcapsule and the determination of plasma concentration of enrofloxacin powder in pig body the results are shown in Figure 3.
Invention effect one: the method obtains the good 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule of taste masking effect
The 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule utilizing complex coacervation to prepare can eliminate the bitterness of enrofloxacin.
Invention effect two: the method obtains the higher 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule of stability
'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule stability prepared by each embodiment is apparently higher than enrofloxacin powder.
Invention effect three: 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule drug loading prepared by the method and envelop rate all higher.As shown in table 1.
The drug loading of each embodiment of table 1 and envelop rate
Invention effect four: the 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule release prepared has pH dependency
The 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule that embodiment 4 prepares discharges more in pH6.8 phosphate buffer, reduces the zest to stomach.
Accompanying drawing 1 result shows:
'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule heat stability prepared by each embodiment is all higher than enrofloxacin powder.
Accompanying drawing 2 result shows:
'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule release prepared by embodiment 4 has pH dependency.
Invention effect five: microcapsule significantly improves medicine bioavailability in vivo
Accompanying drawing 3 result shows:
1) in pig body in pharmacokinetic studies, the highest blood drug level and area under the drug-time curve are all significantly higher than enrofloxacin powder to the microcapsule prepared of embodiment 4 in vivo.
2) microcapsule using complex coacervation to prepare can significantly improve the bioavailability of insoluble drug.
Invention effect six: this preparation method has the potentiality of industrialized great production.
Below the preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated, but the invention is not limited to described embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art also can make all equivalent modification or replacement under the prerequisite without prejudice to the invention spirit, and these equivalent modification or replacement are all included in the application's claim limited range.
Claims (10)
1. a 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule, this microcapsule is made up of according to weight ratio following prescription:
2. 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described wall material is made up of gelatin and anionic polymer.
3. 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the mass ratio of gelatin and anionic polymer in described wall material is 1: 0.2 ~ 1, the mass ratio of preferred gelatin and anionic polymer is 1: 0.5.
4. anionic polymer as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that described anionic polymer is following one: arabic gum, cellacefate, sodium alginate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, preferred anionic polymer is sodium alginate.
5. 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described surfactant is the mixing of one or more following any proportioning: sodium lauryl sulphate (SDS), polyoxyethylene hydrogenated Oleum Ricini (Kolliphor
rH40), polyoxyethylene sorbitan monoleate, phospholipid, cholesterol.
6. 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described firming agent is following one: formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, anhydrous calcium chloride.
7. 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the preparation method of 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule is complex coacervation.
8. the preparation method of 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule as claimed in claim 7, the method comprises the steps:
One, be added to the water by gelatin, after soaked overnight, heating makes it dissolve, and obtains gelatin solution; Be added to the water by anionic polymer, after soaking certain hour, heating makes it dissolve, and obtains anionic polymer solution;
Two, in the gelatin solution of step one preparation, enrofloxacin raw material and surfactant is added, be placed in colloid mill grinding 60 ~ 300s, obtain stable suspension, then drip anionic polymer solution wherein, after dropwising, obtain mixed liquor by this Solution Dispersion to purified water;
Three, pH to 4.2 ~ 4.8 of regulating step two gained mixed liquor, add firming agent after cooling, add antitackiness agent, obtain microcapsule suspension after reaction certain hour;
Four, by step 3 gained microcapsule suspension sucking filtration, dehydrated alcohol washes 3 ~ 5 times, 40 DEG C of vacuum drying oven inner dryings, the 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule that to obtain with gelatin and anionic polymer be wall material.
9. the preparation method of 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that the concentration of described gelatin solution is 0.01g/mL ~ 0.15g/mL.
10. the preparation method of 'Ennoxacin ' micro-capsule as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that the temperature after the cooling of described mixed liquor is 5 DEG C ~ 15 DEG C.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105534953A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-05-04 | 万特制药(海南)有限公司 | Desloratadine sirup medicament composition |
| CN111821258A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2020-10-27 | 河北地邦动物保健科技有限公司 | Compound enrofloxacin oral liquid and preparation method thereof |
| CN113960187A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2022-01-21 | 新昌和宝生物科技有限公司 | Method for evaluating palatability of coated enrofloxacin by determining encapsulation efficiency |
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| CN1723902A (en) * | 2005-06-10 | 2006-01-25 | 冯莉萍 | 'Ennoxacin' micro-capsule, and its prepn. method |
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2015
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| CN1723902A (en) * | 2005-06-10 | 2006-01-25 | 冯莉萍 | 'Ennoxacin' micro-capsule, and its prepn. method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105534953A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-05-04 | 万特制药(海南)有限公司 | Desloratadine sirup medicament composition |
| CN111821258A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2020-10-27 | 河北地邦动物保健科技有限公司 | Compound enrofloxacin oral liquid and preparation method thereof |
| CN111821258B (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2022-05-03 | 河北地邦动物保健科技有限公司 | Compound enrofloxacin oral liquid and preparation method thereof |
| CN113960187A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2022-01-21 | 新昌和宝生物科技有限公司 | Method for evaluating palatability of coated enrofloxacin by determining encapsulation efficiency |
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