CN104540172B - A kind of unit area load-balancing method realized in wlan system based on position - Google Patents
A kind of unit area load-balancing method realized in wlan system based on position Download PDFInfo
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- CN104540172B CN104540172B CN201410835626.4A CN201410835626A CN104540172B CN 104540172 B CN104540172 B CN 104540172B CN 201410835626 A CN201410835626 A CN 201410835626A CN 104540172 B CN104540172 B CN 104540172B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/08—Load balancing or load distribution
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
- H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
- H04W52/243—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account interferences
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Abstract
The invention discloses the unit area load-balancing method realized in a kind of wlan system based on position, including：The peripherad access point AP of site STA sends Probe Request；The transmission power of itself, current AP load information etc. are fed back to STA by the AP for receiving the Probe Request of STA transmissions by Probe Response；STA determines the target AP for needing to associate using local unit area load balancing according to the Probe Response received the AP carried information and reception Probe Response received signal strength indicator RSSI.The present invention further discloses a kind of interference avoidance method realized based on position, and AP is according to associated STA positional information, dynamic adjustment transmission power, to mitigate the interference between adjacent AP.The received signal strength indicator RSSI of loading condition and STA that the present invention considers AP unit areas realizes load balancing, is avoided while the positional information based on STA carries out interference, the resource of whole network can be made to be fully used, while lifting system performance.
Description
Technical field
Skill is avoided the invention mainly relates to the load balancing in wireless communication field, more particularly to wlan system and interference
Art.
Background technology
With developing rapidly for WLAN WLAN (Wireless LAN) technologies, WLAN has obtained extensive portion
Administration, wireless STA (Station) is also more and more, the time-varying characteristics of wireless channel and STA flexible mobility so that WLAN
Network load condition can be continually changing, then, in large-scale structure of the WLAN, site STA and access point AP
How efficient association is carried out between (Access Point), the performance and resource utilization to whole network have a significant impact.
The method of traditional STA access networks is typically the received signal strength indicator RSSI that STA selections are scanned
(Received Signal Strength Indication) maximum AP sets up connection, is then based on related protocol access
Wlan network, the position disposed yet with each AP is different, and some AP are in hotspot location, and the STA Numerous of association goes out
The phenomenon of existing overload, cause bandwidth resources to block, STA can not access network in time；And the AP of some remote locations is then closed
Join the STA of fewer, cause bandwidth resources to waste, come from whole network resource utilization and the angle of user's request
See, such case is clearly strongly to avoid.So, the load balancing between AP in wlan system how is realized, is to improve whole
The key of individual network resource utilization and guaranteed qos.
Load-balancing technique be exactly for balancing the load difference between AP, improving the resource utilization of wireless network, and
Increase the handling capacity of network.Load balancing is exactly to allow scanning to multiple AP STA, is not blindly when being linked into wireless network
Select the maximum AP of RSSI to associate, but select suitable AP to be associated by certain load balancing, so that
Reduce the load difference between AP, realize making full use of for bandwidth resources, improve the resource utilization of network.
On the other hand, for the higher WLAN of an AP density, multiple neighbouring AP would generally be used together
One channel, due to AP dense deployment, each AP coverage can be overlapped, so not only results in energy dissipation, also
Interfering between AP can be caused, the performance and communication quality of whole system is influenceed.In wlan system, reduce one kind of interference
Method is that AP coverage can be adjusted by adjusting each AP transmission power, reduces the overlapping of adjacent AP coverages
Region, so as to reduce interference.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：It is an object of the invention to provide the unit area load realized in a kind of wlan system based on position
Equalization methods, can be solved under WLAN environment, and the resource utilization that load imbalance is caused between each AP is low, and user's request is obtained not
To the problem of satisfaction, and a kind of interference avoidance method is further provided for, can solved because AP dense deployment causes each AP's
The overlapped energy dissipation caused of coverage and problem of co-channel interference, are favorably improved the resource utilization of wlan system,
Reduce the interference between AP, while improving system energy.
Technical scheme：The unit area load-balancing method realized in a kind of wlan system based on position, including following step
Suddenly：
(A1) the peripherad access point AP broadcast probe request frames of site STA；
(A2) AP receives the probe requests thereby of STA transmissions, and probing response frame is sent to the STA, and feedback information includes receiving
Signal intensity indicates the load that RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication), AP currently accessed, AP
The deployment height of currently transmitted power, AP antenna gain and AP；
(A3) STA according to the signal intensity of the probe response received indicate, and AP load capacity, currently transmitted work(
Rate, antenna gain and deployment height, based on local unit area load balancing, it is determined that needing the target associated
AP；
(A4) STA and target AP performs verification process, and STA sends association request frame to target AP after certification success；
(A5) target AP is received after association request, and association response frame is sent to STA；
(A6) if target AP refusals STA association request, load balancings of the STA in step (A3),
The target AP for needing to associate is reselected in AP in addition to the AP, and performs step (A4)~(A5)；If target AP is received
STA association request, then into step (A7)；
(A7) STA is successfully accessed WLAN, and the webserver provides service by AP for STA.
It is preferred that, the local unit area load balancing in the step (A3) is specially：
STA selects the maximum AP of equation below intermediate value as target AP,
Wherein, RSSIiThe received signal strength indicator for the probe response that i-th of AP that STA is received is sent is represented,
TxPoweriRepresent i-th of AP current transmission power；AntennaGainiRepresent i-th of AP antenna gain, NiRepresent access
I-th of AP total load number, M represents the AP numbers that STA is scanned, RSSIminRepresent that STA received signal strength indicators are sensitive
Degree, PL1MeterThe path loss between AP and STA when transmission path is 1 meter is represented, n represents path loss index, and s is represented and cloudy
The related deviation of shadow fading severity, hiRepresent i-th of AP deployment height.
Further, in order to avoid the interference between adjacent AP, the above method also includes AP the positional information based on STA,
The step of dynamic adjustment transmission power, the step includes：
(B1) oneself is sent to and is associated with apart from AP range information and received signal strength indicator sensitivity by STA
AP；
(B2) positional information that AP feeds back according to each associated STA, calculates all STA needs that covering is associated
Minimum emissive power；
(B3) AP sets transmission power according to the calculated value of power in step (B2)；
(B4) transmission power after adjustment is broadcast to STA associated therewith by AP, and STA is according to the AP received power
Adjust the transmission power of oneself.
It is preferred that, the range information passes through formula
Calculating is obtained.
It is preferred that, the minimum emissive power passes through formula
Calculating is obtained, wherein DmaxIt is all
Maximum in STA and AP distances, RSSIminThe corresponding STA of maximum range value received signal strength indicator sensitivity.
Further, for the load balancing of the mobile destruction system that prevents STA, when the above method also includes STA and moved
The step of going association, the step includes：
(C1) STA detects whether oneself effective movement occurs, and as STA, to detect its received signal strength indicator RSSI value small
In the received signal strength indicator sensitivity RSSI of the STAminWhen, then STA judges to have effect movement；
(C2) when STA occurs effective mobile, STA actively sends to the AP of association and removes disassociation frame, disconnects existing connection；
(C3) AP re-starts power adjustment according to step (B2)~(B4).
Beneficial effect：The unit area load balancing realized in a kind of wlan system proposed by the present invention based on position and dry
Disturb avoiding method, load-balancing method different from the past, it is contemplated that each AP unit area load carries out balanced, balanced plan
It is slightly more comprehensive.Also, conventional load balancing scheme is typically all the maximum AP of STA selection received signal strength indicators RSSI
First association networks, and then considers further that load balancing, carries out switchings of the STA between AP, and the method for decision-making after this first association can shadow
The friendly of sound Consumer's Experience, and unit area load-balancing method proposed by the present invention, then be by the right to choose of load balancing
The STA newly networked is given, the problem of load balancing just is made in consideration before association can avoid above-mentioned deficiency.
On the other hand, for energy dissipation and interference problem caused by AP dense deployments in WLAN, the present invention is carried
Go out a kind of interference avoidance method realized based on position, pass through the Radio Network System after load balancing, AP transmission power
Do not optimize, can cause unnecessary overlapping between adjacent AP coverages, in the present invention, STA is by current position
Information reports to AP, AP the AP positions it is known that farthest apart from oneself, then calculates covering associated therewith all
STA minimum emissive power, so both ensure that the communication service to STA, and transmission power can be saved again, save the same of energy
When, the interference between AP can also be reduced.Meanwhile, in wireless local area network (WLAN) system, STA can be moved at any time, STA movement
The load balancing of system can be destroyed, present invention contemplates that such case, when STA needs to move, actively sends to AP and go to close
Connection operation, terminates the existing association, it is necessary to re-accessing network after STA is moved to destination, according to load above
Balance policy and power regulation scheme, realize the networking demand of the STA.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the unit area load-balancing method realized based on position of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the interference avoidance method realized based on position of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is based on the mobile method flow diagram for going association in the inventive method.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram by the fat AP WLANs constituted.
Fig. 5 is AP coverage schematic diagrames.
Fig. 6 is message interaction process schematic diagram when STA accesses WLAN.
Fig. 7 is the loading condition schematic diagram without each AP of WLAN using load balancing.
Fig. 8 is the loading condition schematic diagram of each AP of WLAN using unit area load balancing of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the coverage signal after the interference avoidance method realized using the present invention based on position, AP adjustment power
Figure.
Embodiment
With reference to Figure of description, to the list realized in a kind of wlan system provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on position
Plane accumulates load balancing and the embodiment of interference avoidance method is illustrated.It should be understood that the embodiment is merely to illustrate this
Invention rather than limitation the scope of the present invention, after the present invention has been read, those skilled in the art are various to the present invention's
The modification of the equivalent form of value falls within right appended by the application.
Fig. 4 is a typical WLAN being made up of fat AP, and data are passed by the Radio Link between STA and AP
Defeated, AP is connected with each other by compartment system (DS), and server (Server) is linked into by cable network.Fig. 6 is that STA passes through AP
It is linked into message interaction process during wireless network.Wireless local area network (WLAN) system of the invention based on Fig. 4, will set up in STA selections
AP current unit area load balancing is considered during the AP of connection, while in view of the overlapped caused of AP coverages
Energy dissipation and interference, carry out dynamic power adjustment, to reduce the co-channel interference between AP, such as Fig. 1 institutes to the AP after load balancing
Show, the unit area load-balancing method realized in a kind of wlan system provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on position is specifically included
Following steps：
Step 101：STA passes through the AP around scanning discovery.According to the regulation of the wireless standards of IEEE 802.11, STA is connecing
It is necessary to start scanning when receiving MLME-SCAN.request primitive, MLME-SCAN.request primitive parameters and its implication are such as
Shown in table 1, we provide that STA performs active scan mode here, and the peripherad AP of STA actively send Probe Request frames；
Table 1MLME-SCAN.request primitive parameter tables
Step 102：AP receives the Probe Request of STA transmissions, and Probe is responded to the STA uni-cast probes
Response frames, AP leads to the current deployment height for having accessed load, AP current transmission power, AP antenna gains and AP
Know and give the STA；
Step 103：STA indicates RSSI, and Probe according to the Probe Response signal intensities received
The AP carried in Response load capacity, AP current transmission powers, AP antenna gains and AP deployment height, based on local
Load balancing, it is determined that needing the target AP associated.Detailed process is as follows：
AP signal cover can be provided by following path loss model
PL=PL1Meter+10log(dn)+s (formula 1)
RSSI=TxPower+AntennaGain-PL (formula 2)
Wherein, PL represents path loss total between AP and STA, unit dB；PL1MeterRepresent AP when transmission path is 1 meter
Path loss between STA, unit dB, wireless STA are based on the wireless standard supported, unit path loss value is typically assembled
Into in hardware chip；D represents the actual range between AP and STA；N is the path loss index under varying environment, in spaciousness
N typically takes 2 under environment, and n typically takes 3.5~4.5 under environment indoors；S is the deviation related to shadow fading degree, typically
Take 3~7dB；TxPower is AP current transmission power；AntennaGain is AP antenna gain, different AP equipment, day
Line gain has corresponding desired value.
By formula (1) and formula (2), the signal maximum transmission distance between AP and STA can be just expressed as
(formula 3)
Wherein RSSIminThe signal intensity that expression STA receives the Probe Response of AP transmissions indicates what can be recognized
Minimum value, different wireless device has a receiving signal sensitivity, such as wirelessly setting based on IEEE802.11g agreements
The standby minimum signal strength that can typically recognize is in -74dBm or so.
Therefore, also just can be true in the case where AP deployed position is determined, it is known that the maximum transmission distance of AP signals
Determine AP coverage.As shown in figure 5, (such as ceiling position) that AP deployed position is typically to determine, therefore AP distances
The height h on ground is exactly known, and the maximum transmission distance d of AP signals under current transmission power is calculated in formula (3)max,
The area S that then AP can be covered in the horizontal direction can calculate (height problem for ignoring STA herein) by formula (4)：
(formula 4)
Order access AP load sum is N, then unit area load unit_load calculation expression is：
(formula 5)
Therefore consider that received signal strength indicator RSSI and AP unit area load unit_load local balanced plan
Slightly, it can be formulated as：
(formula 6)
Wherein RSSIiRepresent that the Probe Response signal intensities that i-th of AP that STA is received is sent are indicated；
TxPoweriFor i-th of AP current transmission power；AntennaGainiFor i-th of AP antenna gain；NiRepresent access i-th
Individual AP total load number；M represents the AP numbers that STA is scanned；hiRepresent i-th of AP deployment height.STA selects formula
(6) the maximum AP of intermediate value is used as target AP.
Step 104：STA and target AP performs verification process, and STA sends association request Association to target AP
Request frames；
Step 105：Target AP is received after association request, is limited according to AP maximum load, decides whether to receive, and to
The STA sends associated response Association Response frames；
Step 106：If target AP sends associated response to STA, refuse STA association request, then STA is according to step
Load balancing in 103, reselects the target AP in addition to the AP, and carry out step 104~105；If target AP
Associated response is sent to STA, receives STA association request, then carries out step 107；
Step 107：The server S erver of distributed system DS connections provides service by AP for STA.
Simultaneously, it is contemplated that overlapped caused energy dissipation and the interference of AP coverages, to the AP after load balancing
Dynamic power adjustment is carried out, to reduce the co-channel interference between AP, as shown in Fig. 2 specific steps include：
Step 201：STA is linked into after wlan network, is communicated with the AP associated, by oneself apart from AP range information
And received signal strength indicator sensitivity is reported to AP；
Step 202：The positional information that AP feeds back according to each associated STA, calculates the farthest STA institutes of coverage distance AP
The minimum emissive power P neededmin, detailed process is：
The intensity that current transmission power, AP antenna gain and the STA that STA feeds back according to AP receive signal is indicated
RSSI, passes through following formula, it is possible to calculate distances of the STA apart from AP.
(formula 7)
The each STA associated with AP with AP when carrying out information exchange by oneself connecing apart from AP distance and the STA
Receive signal intensity display sensitivity RSSIminReport and select the maximum D in all distances to AP, APmax, and correspondence STA
RSSIminValue, it is to have to substitute into formula (2)：
(formula 8)
Step 203：AP sets transmission power to be Pmin；
Step 204：AP is by the transmission power P after adjustmentminIt is broadcast to STA associated therewith, STA is according to receiving
AP power accordingly adjusts STA transmission power.
Simultaneously, it is contemplated that STA can be moved at any time in WLAN, the mobile of STA can destroy the load balancing of system,
When STA is effectively moved carry out go it is operation associated, as shown in figure 3, specific steps include：
Step 301：STA detects effective movement oneself whether occur, and STA is in movement, its received signal strength indicator
RSSI meeting respective changes, when STA detects the received signal strength indicator sensitivity RSSI that its RSSI value is less than the STAminWhen,
Then STA judges the movement to be effectively mobile；
Step 302：Based on step 301, when STA occurs effective mobile, STA actively sends to the AP currently associated and goes to close
Join frame, disconnect existing connection；.
Step 303：Go after association, AP performs step 202~step 204, re-start power adjustment；
, it is necessary to which re-accessing network, then perform the access process of step 101~107 after STA is moved to destination, and
The power adjustment flow of step 201~204, realizes networking again and the AP progress power adjustment to being associated for the STA.
When Fig. 7 represents not use load balancing, each AP loading condition schematic diagram in wlan system.It can be found that
AP1 load is very heavy, AP3 light loads, and AP2 is only associated with two STA, most lightly loaded, this load imbalance phenomenon, meeting
Cause AP2 and the AP3 wasting of resources, and AP1 is it is possible that resource is blocked, or even can not meet user's request in time.Fig. 8 is
Each AP of load balancing provided using the present invention loading condition schematic diagram, STA is had been contemplated that when accessing wlan network
AP unit area load balancing, therefore each AP load relative equilibrium are arrived.Fig. 9 is that the distance that each AP feeds back according to STA is believed
Breath, dynamic adjustment power after coverage schematic diagram, it can be seen that each AP do not influence to STA provide service in the case of,
It is appropriate to reduce transmission power, interference and energy dissipation that the overlapped coverage between adjacent AP is caused can be reduced.
It should be pointed out that under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, those skilled in the art can also make to the present invention
Some to improve, these improvement also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the unit area load-balancing method realized in a kind of wlan system based on position, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
(A1) the peripherad access point AP broadcast probe request frames of site STA；
(A2) AP receives the probe requests thereby of STA transmissions, and probing response frame is sent to the STA, and feedback information includes receiving signal
Intensity instruction, the load that AP has currently been accessed, AP currently transmitted power, AP antenna gain and AP deployment height；
(A3) STA is indicated according to the signal intensity of the probe response received, and AP load capacity, currently transmitted power, day
Line yield value and deployment height, based on local unit area load balancing, it is determined that needing the target AP associated；
(A4) STA and target AP performs verification process, and STA sends association request frame to target AP after certification success；
(A5) target AP is received after association request, and association response frame is sent to STA；
(A6) if target AP refuses STA association request, load balancings of the STA in step (A3), except this
The target AP for needing to associate is reselected in AP outside AP, and performs step (A4)~(A5)；If target AP receives STA's
Association request, then into step (A7)；
(A7) STA is successfully accessed WLAN, and the webserver provides service by AP for STA；
Local unit area load balancing in the step (A3) is specially：
STA selects the maximum AP of equation below intermediate value as target AP,
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<mo>+</mo>
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<mi>i</mi>
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<mo>-</mo>
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Wherein, RSSIiRepresent the received signal strength indicator for the probe response that i-th of AP that STA is received is sent, TxPoweri
Represent i-th of AP current transmission power；AntennaGainiRepresent i-th of AP antenna gain, NiRepresent i-th of AP of access
Total load number, M represents the AP numbers that STA is scanned, RSSIminSTA received signal strength indicator sensitivity is represented,
PL1MeterThe path loss between AP and STA when transmission path is 1 meter is represented, n represents path loss index, and s is represented and shade
The related deviation of fading severity, hiRepresent i-th of AP deployment height.
2. the unit area load-balancing method realized in wlan system according to claim 1 based on position, its feature
It is, in addition to AP the positional information based on STA, the step of dynamic adjustment transmission power, the step includes：
(B1) oneself is sent to associated with it by STA apart from AP range information and received signal strength indicator sensitivity
AP；
(B2) positional information that AP feeds back according to each associated STA, calculates and covers all STA needs being associated most
Small transmission power；
(B3) AP sets transmission power according to the calculated value of power in step (B2)；
(B4) transmission power after adjustment is broadcast to STA associated therewith by AP, and STA is adjusted according to the AP received power
The transmission power of oneself.
3. the unit area load-balancing method realized in wlan system according to claim 2 based on position, its feature
It is,
The range information passes through formulaCalculating is obtained.
4. the unit area load-balancing method realized in wlan system according to claim 2 based on position, its feature
It is,
The minimum emissive power passes through formula
Calculating is obtained, wherein DmaxFor all STA with
Maximum in AP distances, RSSIminThe corresponding STA of maximum range value received signal strength indicator sensitivity.
5. the unit area load-balancing method realized in wlan system according to claim 2 based on position, its feature
The step of being, in addition to go association during STA movements, the step includes：
(C1) STA detects whether oneself effective movement occurs, is less than this when STA detects its received signal strength indicator RSSI value
STA received signal strength indicator sensitivity RSSIminWhen, then STA judges to have effect movement；
(C2) when STA occurs effective mobile, STA actively sends to the AP of association and removes disassociation frame, disconnects existing connection；
(C3) AP re-starts power adjustment according to step (B2)~(B4).
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