CN104539299A - Small-sized underwater low-frequency acoustic transmitter - Google Patents
Small-sized underwater low-frequency acoustic transmitter Download PDFInfo
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- CN104539299A CN104539299A CN201410564269.2A CN201410564269A CN104539299A CN 104539299 A CN104539299 A CN 104539299A CN 201410564269 A CN201410564269 A CN 201410564269A CN 104539299 A CN104539299 A CN 104539299A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an underwater low-frequency acoustic transmitter, and belongs to the technical field of hydroacoustic survey. The transmitter comprises a signal generating circuit, a power amplifying circuit, a magneto-electric flextensional transducer and a battery pack, wherein the signal generating circuit comprises a band-limited noise signal generator circuit for generating a band limited noise signal and a digital signal generator circuit for generating a sinusoidal single-frequency signal, a frequency-modulated signal and a sweeping frequency signal; the power amplifying circuit comprises two integrated power operational amplifiers constructing a non-inverting amplifier and an inverting amplifier respectively which are connected to the positive/negative input ends of the magneto-electric flextensional transducer; the battery pack is used for supplying power to the signal generating circuit and the power amplifying circuit. The signal generating circuit is used for generating a low-frequency sinusoidal signal, the frequency-modulated signal, the sweeping frequency signal or the band-limited noise signal. After the signals are amplified by the power amplifying circuit, the magneto-electric flextensional transducer is driven to transform electric energy into mechanical energy, and the mechanical energy is emitted in the form of sound waves.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device being applied to low-frequency acoustic signal under water and launching, is Hydroacoustic survey technical field.
Background technology
In Hydroacoustic survey, low-frequency sound source is conventional underwater installation, and by signal generator, the conventional subsea acoustical signal emission system that the standard universal such as power amplifier and low-frequency transducer underwater sound equipment is formed, not only volume, weight is larger, make troubles to user, and this kind of common apparatus needs external ac power source to power, when waters is tested so in the wild, generating equipment is often needed to provide external power source, and the vibration of generating equipment and radiated noise propagate under water, the useful acoustical signal of underwater test source emission can be polluted again, unexpected interference is brought to process of the test.
In some cases, in Lake trial and sea trial, require that the continuous working period of underwater emission sound source is not long.Often only need the sequential filming in several tens minutes.And Modern Small lithium battery group or fuel cell unit can provide stable operating voltage and electric current completely within such time period; The small signal circuit for generating be made up of monolithic integrated circuit and power amplification circuit, the power signal of generation drives magneto-electric flextensional transducer, just can launch the low frequency underwater signal of high sound source level at short notice.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of small underwater frequency acoustic reflector, its objective is for the shorter feature of the actual continuous working period of underwater sound source in lake, the test of seawater acoustic engineering, adopt battery-powered and realize Miniaturization Design by adopting the higher digit chip of integrated level and simulating integrated chip, miniaturized signal generating circuit and power amplification circuit is made to complete the function of conventional all purpose instrument, reduce the complexity of use, maintenance aspect, reduce the dependence to external ac power source simultaneously, avoid and introduce external noise interference.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: this kind of small underwater frequency acoustic reflector, comprises signal generating circuit, power amplification circuit, magnetoelectricity flextensional transducer and battery pack.
Signal generating circuit comprises band limited noise signal generator circuit and digital signal generator circuit two parts; Band limited noise signal generator circuit utilizes Zener diode reaching Zener voltage, produce broadband AC noise signal when being operated in avalanche condition, and this broadband AC noise signal is through amplifying and after bandpass filtering, forming band limited noise signal; It is by the frequency control word of Single-chip Controlling Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizers DDS chip that digital signal produces circuit, produces sinusoidal simple signal, FM signal and swept-frequency signal.
Power amplification circuit comprises by two panels integrated power operational amplifier, be respectively forward amplifier and sign-changing amplifier, the normal phase input end of forward amplifier and the inverting input of sign-changing amplifier, respectively as two input ports transmitted, the output OUT+ of forward amplifier is connected to the positive input terminal of magnetoelectricity flextensional transducer, and the output OUT-of sign-changing amplifier is connected to the negative input end of magnetoelectricity flextensional transducer.
Battery pack is used for powering for signal generating circuit and power amplification circuit.
After this acoustic transmitter connects battery pack, signal generating circuit produces low sine, frequency modulation, swept-frequency signal or band limited noise signal, and signal, after the amplification of power amplification circuit, drives magnetoelectricity flextensional transducer, be mechanical energy by converting electric energy, launch in the form of a sound wave.
Further, band limited noise signal generator circuit specifically comprises Zener diode circuit, forward amplifying circuit and multichannel negative feedback type band pass filter.
Zener diode circuit comprises two Zener diodes, be respectively the first Zener diode D1 and the second Zener diode D2, four resistance, be respectively the first resistance R1, the second resistance R2, the 3rd resistance R3 and the 4th resistance R4, two triodes, are respectively the first triode Q1 and the second triode Q2, four electric capacity, be respectively the first electric capacity C1, the second electric capacity C2, the 3rd electric capacity C3 and the 4th electric capacity C4, and adopt 24V supply voltage to power; Wherein the collector electrode of the first triode Q1 is connected to 24V supply voltage by resistance R3, the emitter of the first triode Q1 is by resistance R2 ground connection, the base stage of Q1 connects the positive pole of the first Zener diode D1, the negative pole of D1 is connected to 24V supply voltage by resistance R1 and R3 on the one hand, on the other hand by electric capacity C1 ground connection; The collector electrode of the second triode Q2 is connected to 24V supply voltage by the 3rd resistance R3, the emitter of the second triode Q2 is by the second electric capacity C2 ground connection, the base stage of the second triode Q2 connects the positive pole of the second Zener diode D2, the negative pole of D2 is connected to 24V supply voltage by the 4th resistance R4 and the 3rd resistance R3 on the one hand, on the other hand by the 4th electric capacity C4 ground connection; First triode Q1 is directly connected with the emitter of the second triode Q2; The positive pole of the 3rd electric capacity C3 is connected to 24V supply voltage by the 3rd resistance R3, and the negative pole of the 3rd electric capacity C3 is as the output of Zener diode circuit.
The output of Zener diode circuit is connected to the positive input terminal of forward amplifying circuit; Forward amplifying circuit is made up of operational amplifier TLC2262 and peripheral circuit thereof; The output of forward amplifying circuit connects the input of multichannel negative feedback type band pass filter.
Further, digital signal produces in circuit, and the Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizers DDS chip adopted is AD9852, and the single-chip microcomputer adopted is MSP430 F1612 single-chip microcomputer.
Further, forward amplifier is that the chip U2 of OPA512 and peripheral circuit thereof are formed by model, and sign-changing amplifier is that the chip U3 of OPA512 and peripheral circuit thereof are formed by model;
The peripheral circuit of chip U2 also comprises the first current-limiting resistance R59, the second current-limiting resistance R61, the 3rd current-limiting resistance R63 and the 4th current-limiting resistance R64, impedance matching resistor R62, first and amplifies controlling resistance R58 and second amplification controlling resistance R60, the 3rd triode Q13 and the 4th triode Q14, the first diode D4 and the second diode D5;
In chip U2 and peripheral circuit, the annexation of each device is: No. 4 pins of chip U2 are by resistance R62 ground connection, No. 5 pins of chip U2 are by resistance R58 ground connection, No. 3 pins of chip U2 are connected to+24V supply voltage by resistance R59, No. 2 pins of chip U2 are connected to No. 1 pin of chip U2 by the second current-limiting resistance R61, 3rd triode Q13 is positive-negative-positive structure, the base stage of the 3rd triode Q13 is connected to No. 3 pins of chip U2, the collector electrode of the 3rd triode Q13 is connected to No. 1 pin of chip U2, the emitter of the 3rd triode Q13 is connected to+24V supply voltage, No. 1 pin of chip U2 connects the positive pole of the first diode D4, and the negative pole of the first diode D4 is connected to+24V supply voltage, and No. 1 pin of chip U2 amplifies controlling resistance R60 and first by second and amplifies controlling resistance R58 ground connection, No. 6 pins of chip U2 are connected to-24V supply voltage by the 4th current-limiting resistance R64, No. 8 pins of chip U2 are connected to No. 1 pin of chip U2 by the 3rd current-limiting resistance R63,4th triode Q14 is NPN structure, the base stage of the 4th triode Q14 is connected to No. 6 pins of chip U2, the collector electrode of the 4th triode Q14 is connected to No. 1 pin of chip U2, and the emitter of the 4th triode Q14 is connected to-24V supply voltage, the output OUT+ of forward amplifier is drawn by No. 1 pin of chip U2, the multiplication factor of the forward amplifier of chip U2 and peripheral circuit composition thereof is K
1=1+R60/R58,
The peripheral circuit of chip U3 also comprises the 5th current-limiting resistance R65, the 6th current-limiting resistance R67, the 7th current-limiting resistance R70 and the 8th current-limiting resistance R71, impedance matching resistor R69, the 3rd and amplifies controlling resistance R68 and the 4th amplification controlling resistance R66, the 5th triode Q15 and the 6th triode Q16, the 3rd diode D6 and the 4th diode D7;
In chip U3 and peripheral circuit, the annexation of each device is: No. 4 pins of chip U3 are by impedance matching resistor R69 ground connection, No. 5 pins of chip U3 amplify controlling resistance R68 ground connection by the 3rd, No. 3 pins of chip U3 are connected to+24V supply voltage by the 5th current-limiting resistance R65, No. 2 pins of chip U3 are connected to No. 1 pin of chip U3 by the 6th current-limiting resistance R67, 5th triode Q15 is positive-negative-positive structure, the base stage of the 5th triode Q15 is connected to No. 3 pins of chip U3, the collector electrode of the 5th triode Q15 is connected to No. 1 pin of chip U3, the emitter of the 5th triode Q15 is connected to+24V supply voltage, No. 1 pin of chip U3 connects the positive pole of the 3rd diode D6, and the negative pole of the 3rd diode D6 is connected to+24V supply voltage, and No. 1 pin of chip U3 amplifies controlling resistance R66 and the 3rd by the 4th and amplifies controlling resistance R68 ground connection, No. 6 pins of chip U3 are connected to-24V supply voltage by the 8th current-limiting resistance R71, No. 8 pins of chip U2 are connected to No. 1 pin of chip U3 by the 7th current-limiting resistance R70,5th triode Q15 is NPN structure, the base stage of the 5th triode Q15 is connected to No. 6 pins of chip U3, the collector electrode of the 5th triode Q15 is connected to No. 1 pin of chip U3, and the emitter of the 5th triode Q15 is connected to-24V supply voltage, the output OUT-of sign-changing amplifier is drawn by No. 1 pin of chip U3, the multiplication factor of the sign-changing amplifier of chip U3 and peripheral circuit composition thereof is K
2=-R66/R68.
Further, the material of the vibrating mass of magnetoelectricity flextensional transducer is the rare earth material with magnetostrictive effect characteristic.
Further, the lithium ion battery of battery power intensity or fuel cell.
Beneficial effect:
(1), the present invention seeks to for the shorter feature of the actual continuous working period of underwater sound source in lake, the test of seawater acoustic engineering, adopt battery-powered and realize Miniaturization Design by adopting the higher digit chip of integrated level and simulating integrated chip, miniaturized signal generating circuit and power amplification circuit is made to complete the function of conventional all purpose instrument, reduce the complexity of use, maintenance aspect, reduce the dependence to external ac power source simultaneously, avoid and introduce external noise interference.
(2), for these situations, the present invention utilizes battery pack as the energy, 1) single-chip microcomputer and integrated DDS (Direct frequency synthesizer chip) signal generator chip, produce sinusoidal single-frequency, frequency modulation or swept-frequency signal.2) utilize Zener diode to reach Zener voltage, the broadband noise signal produced when being operated in " snowslide " state, forms band limited noise signal after band-pass filter.Above two kinds of functional modules form signal generating circuit; By the small-sized half-bridge power amplifying circuit that integrated power amplifier is formed, after the signal of telecommunication is carried out power amplification, drive magneto-electric flextensional transducer, change the signal of telecommunication into acoustical signal, realize the function of sinusoidal single-frequency, frequency sweep, the transmitting of band limited noise signal, reduce the system scale of conventional subsea sound source, make it miniaturized and reach object easy to use.
(3) under, Zener diode is operated in " snowslide " state, can by the characteristic of DC voltage stability in certain numerical value, but now must supervene the AC noise in broadband, but now must supervene the AC noise in broadband, in circuit of the present invention, the broadband AC noise supervened under " snowslide " state is amplified as useful signal, by forming band limited noise signal after band pass filter, and direct voltage is in outside the passband of band pass filter, be then filtered out.Employ two Zener diodes in circuit of the present invention simultaneously, the AC noise signal produced is superposed, improves noise signal strength; Adopt analog circuit to produce the method for broadband noise in the present invention, evaded in conventional method the complex hardware circuit using digital circuit to carry out frequency synthesis, circuit structure is simple, component number is few, low in energy consumption; And the bandwidth of noise signal is just decided by the free transmission range of band pass filter, therefore by the free transmission range of adjustment belt bandpass filter, the bandwidth of band limited noise signal can be regulated, circuit stability is high, debug simple and convenient.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1-small underwater frequency acoustic ejector system block diagram;
Fig. 2-band limited noise signal generator circuit;
Fig. 3-digital signal generator circuit;
Fig. 4-power amplification circuit schematic diagram.
Embodiment
To develop simultaneously embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe the present invention.
Present embodiments provide a kind of small underwater frequency acoustic reflector, as shown in Figure 1, this reflector comprises signal generating circuit, power amplification circuit, magnetoelectricity flextensional transducer and battery pack to its system block diagram.
Signal generating circuit
Signal generating circuit comprises band limited noise signal generator circuit and digital signal generator circuit two parts.
1), band limited noise signal generator circuit
Band limited noise signal generator circuit utilizes Zener diode reaching Zener voltage, produce broadband AC noise signal when being operated in avalanche condition, and this broadband AC noise signal is through amplifying and after bandpass filtering, forming band limited noise signal.Be illustrated in figure 2 band limited noise signal generator circuit in the present embodiment, band limited noise signal generator circuit specifically comprises Zener diode circuit, the first forward amplifying circuit and multichannel negative feedback type band pass filter as seen from Figure 2.
Zener diode circuit comprises two Zener diode D1 and D2, four resistance R1, R2, R3 and R4, two triode Q1 and Q2, four electric capacity C1, C2, C3 and C4, and adopts 24V supply voltage to power.
Wherein the collector electrode of triode Q1 is connected to 24V supply voltage by resistance R3, the emitter of Q1 is by resistance R2 ground connection, the base stage of Q1 connects the positive pole of Zener diode D1, and the negative pole of D1 is connected to 24V supply voltage by resistance R1 and R3 on the one hand, on the other hand by electric capacity C1 ground connection.
The collector electrode of triode Q2 is connected to 24V supply voltage by resistance R3, the emitter of Q2 is by electric capacity C2 ground connection, the base stage of Q2 connects the positive pole of Zener diode D2, and the negative pole of D2 is connected to 24V supply voltage by resistance R4 and R3 on the one hand, on the other hand by electric capacity C4 ground connection.
The emitter of triode Q1 with Q2 is directly connected.
The positive pole of electric capacity C3 is connected to 24V supply voltage by resistance R3, and the negative pole of electric capacity C3 is as the output of Zener diode circuit.
The output of Zener diode circuit is connected to the positive input terminal of forward amplifying circuit.
The common usage of Zener diode uses as voltage-stabiliser tube, make use of under Zener diode is operated in " snowslide " state, can by the characteristic of DC voltage stability in certain numerical value, but now must supervene the AC noise in broadband, but now must supervene the AC noise in broadband, when using as voltage-stabiliser tube, the direct voltage of generation is useful, AC noise be useless, need by the part of filtering.But in circuit of the present invention, the usage of Zener diode is just the opposite, the broadband AC noise supervened under " snowslide " state is amplified as useful signal, by forming band limited noise signal after band pass filter, and direct voltage is in outside the passband of band pass filter, be then filtered out.
Employ two Zener diodes in circuit simultaneously, the AC noise signal produced is superposed, improves noise signal strength; The method of broadband AC noise is supervened under utilizing Zener diode to be operated in " snowslide " state, just the opposite with the common usage of Zener diode, this kind adopts analog circuit to produce the method for broadband noise, evaded in conventional method the complex hardware circuit using digital circuit to carry out frequency synthesis, circuit structure be simple, component number is few, low in energy consumption.
Forward amplifying circuit is made up of operational amplifier TLC2262 and peripheral circuit thereof.
The output of forward amplifying circuit connects the input of multichannel negative feedback type band pass filter.
That wherein D1, D2 adopt is Zener diode 2CW107, when additional reverse voltage is more than 9.5V, reach the reverse breakdown voltage of diode 2CW107, from the E-I characteristic of Zener diode, at this moment be in avalanche breakdown operating state, produce broadband continuous noise signal.And resistance R1, R2, R3, R4, play the effect by 24V source voltage and current limliting, make more than the 9.5V that remains on be added on Zener diode D1, D2; Electric capacity C1, C2 play the effect that energy storage and voltage keep, and electric capacity C3, C25, C27 play the effect of direct voltage isolation; The transistor model that triode Q1, Q2 adopt is 2N3904, noise signal is amplified; Operational amplifier TLC2262 (N5A) forms forward amplifying circuit, noise signal is amplified further on the one hand, plays the effect of impedance matching on the other hand, makes noise signal be input to subordinate's circuit smoothly; Operational amplifier TLC2262 (N5B) and peripheral resistance R41, R43, R45, electric capacity C23, C26 form multichannel negative feedback type band pass filter, and free transmission range is the low-frequency range of 50Hz ~ 1000Hz, changes wide noise signal into band limited noise signal.
Broadband AC noise is supervened under utilizing Zener diode to be operated in " snowslide " state, again by forming band limited noise signal after band pass filter, the bandwidth of noise signal is just decided by the free transmission range of band pass filter, therefore can by the free transmission range of adjustment belt bandpass filter, regulate the bandwidth of band limited noise signal, circuit stability be high, debug simple and convenient.
2), digital signal produces circuit
It is by the frequency control word of Single-chip Controlling Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizers DDS chip that digital signal produces circuit, produces single frequency sinusoidal, frequency modulation and swept-frequency signal.
Be illustrated in figure 3 digital signal generator circuit, Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizers (DDS) the chip AD9852 that this circuit adopts, from the phase quantization concept directly required waveform of synthesis, adopt digitizing technique, directly produce required various different frequency signals by control frequency control word.The inside of DDS chip AD9852 own be integrated with reference clock, phase accumulator, sine lookup table, D A transducer and filter etc.The signals such as single frequency sinusoidal, frequency modulation, frequency sweep can be directly produced by the frequency control word arranging DDS chip AD9852.System, is arranged system signal modulation system for control core with low-power scm MSP430F1612, controls Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizers (DDS) and exports sinusoidal simple signal, FM signal, swept-frequency signal.
Realize the control to DDS chip AD9852 by MSP430 F1612 single-chip microcomputer, produce the sinusoidal signal in 50Hz ~ 1kHz frequency range.The frequency inverted of AD9852, resolution, stability, phase noise can meet the requirement forming signal in 50Hz ~ 1000Hz low-frequency range far away, and have the advantages that output signal is easy to digital modulation, when the inside crystal oscillator of single-chip microcomputer MSP430F1612 is supplied to its specific frequency clock source, produce the sine wave of frequency, phase place, amplitude programmable regulating, and regulate sinusoidal wave frequency, just can form FM signal and swept-frequency signal.
Power amplification circuit
Power amplification circuit comprises the forward amplifying circuit and reverse amplification circuit that are made up of respectively two panels integrated power operational amplifier U2 and U3, the normal phase input end of U2 and the inverting input of U3, respectively as two input ports transmitted, the output OUT+ of forward amplifying circuit is connected to the positive input terminal of magnetoelectricity flextensional transducer, and the output OUT-of reverse amplification circuit is connected to the negative input end of magnetoelectricity flextensional transducer.
Be illustrated in figure 4 power amplification circuit, the model that wherein integrated power amplifier U2, U3 selects is OPA512, wherein, the physical circuit form that U2 takes is forward amplifier, also has current-limiting resistance R59, R61, R63 and R64, impedance matching resistor R62, amplifies controlling resistance R58 and R60, triode Q13 and Q14, diode D4 and D5 in forward amplifier.
Current-limiting resistance R59, R61, R63, R64 play the effect of current-limiting protection; impedance matching resistor R62 plays the effect of impedance matching; amplify controlling resistance R58, R60 control voltage multiplication factor; triode Q13, Q14 be respectively PNP and NPN structure to pipe; the follower of composition, plays the effect improving current driving ability.D4, D5 are heavy-duty diodes, play the effect of output voltage protection.
Annexation in forward amplifier is that No. 4 pins of U2 are by resistance R62 ground connection, No. 5 pins of U2 are by resistance R58 ground connection, No. 3 pins of U2 are connected to+24V supply voltage by resistance R59, No. 2 pins of U2 are connected to No. 1 pin of U2 by resistance R61, triode Q13 is positive-negative-positive structure, the base stage of Q13 is connected to No. 3 pins of U2, and the collector electrode of Q13 is connected to No. 1 pin of U2, and the emitter of Q13 is connected to+24V supply voltage; No. 1 pin of U2 connects the positive pole of D4, and the negative pole of D4 is connected to+24V supply voltage, and No. 1 pin of U2 is by R60 and R58 ground connection; No. 6 pins of U2 are connected to-24V supply voltage by R 64, No. 8 pins of U2 are connected to No. 1 pin of U2 by resistance R63, triode Q14 is NPN structure, the base stage of Q14 is connected to No. 6 pins of U2, the collector electrode of Q14 is connected to No. 1 pin of U2, and the emitter of Q14 is connected to-24V supply voltage; The output OUT+ of forward amplifier is drawn by No. 1 pin of U2; The multiplication factor of forward amplifier is K
1=1+R60/R58.
The physical circuit form that U3 takes is sign-changing amplifier, also has current-limiting resistance R65, R67, R70 and R71, impedance matching resistor R69, amplifies controlling resistance R68 and R66, triode Q15 and Q16, diode D6 and D7 in sign-changing amplifier.The device effect that the effect of each components and parts is corresponding with above-mentioned forward amplifier is similar.
Annexation in sign-changing amplifier is that No. 4 pins of U3 are by resistance R69 ground connection, No. 5 pins of U3 are by resistance R68 ground connection, No. 3 pins of U3 are connected to+24V supply voltage by resistance R65, No. 2 pins of U3 are connected to No. 1 pin of U3 by resistance R67, triode Q15 is positive-negative-positive structure, the base stage of Q15 is connected to No. 3 pins of U3, and the collector electrode of Q15 is connected to No. 1 pin of U3, and the emitter of Q15 is connected to+24V supply voltage; No. 1 pin of U3 connects the positive pole of D6, and the negative pole of D6 is connected to+24V supply voltage, and No. 1 pin of U3 is by R66 and R68 ground connection; No. 6 pins of U3 are connected to-24V supply voltage by R 71, No. 8 pins of U2 are connected to No. 1 pin of U3 by resistance R70, triode Q15 is NPN structure, the base stage of Q15 is connected to No. 6 pins of U3, the collector electrode of Q15 is connected to No. 1 pin of U3, and the emitter of Q15 is connected to-24V supply voltage; The output OUT-of sign-changing amplifier is drawn by No. 1 pin of U3; The multiplication factor of sign-changing amplifier is K
2=-R66/R68.
Forward amplifying circuit and reverse amplification circuit combine and form semibridge system power amplification circuit, and Current amplifier ability and voltage amplification ability double simultaneously, and namely ability magnify power is 4 times of single-sided conductive paths.
Magnetoelectricity flextensional transducer
It is mechanical energy that magnetoelectricity flextensional transducer is used for converting electric energy, launches in the form of a sound wave.In the present embodiment, magnetoelectricity flextensional transducer can be the magnetostrictive transducer that rare earth material is made, and also can be magneto-electric motorized transducer.
Battery pack:
Battery pack is used for powering for signal generating circuit and power amplification circuit, can provide+24/-24V supply voltage.
The operation principle of small underwater frequency acoustic reflector:
The transmission of signal and the process of transmitting as seen from Figure 1: signal generating circuit can produce sinusoidal simple signal, swept-frequency signal or FM signal and band limited noise signal as required.Signal, after the mini power amplifying circuit that integrated amplifier chip is formed amplifies, drives magnetoelectricity flextensional transducer, changes the signal of telecommunication into acoustical signal and launch.In this process, battery pack is that signal generator circuit and power amplification circuit are powered.
The application of small underwater frequency acoustic reflector:
In underwater acoustic engineering research, no matter be that underwater sound equipment exploitation or hydroacoustic physics are measured, low-frequency sound source is all common equipment under water.And on lake or marine field trial, having a great difference with the environment for use condition in laboratory or anechoic tank, miniaturized underwater sound source will bring convenience for laying salvaging; If in lake, extra large field trial, when especially carrying out deep water test, use conventional all purpose instrument equipment, as function signal generator, power amplifier, low-frequency transducer etc., just often need to use Fuel generating apparatus, the vibration of generating equipment and radiated noise propagate under water, may bring interference to test.Based on above 2 points, the miniature, low frequency acoustic transmitter use powered battery, driving magneto-electric flextensional transducer to form by the signal generating circuit developed specially and power amplifier, under water in the less demanding situation of continuous working period, the underwater emission of low frequency sinusoidal, frequency modulation, swept-frequency signal and band limited noise signal can be met.
In sum, these are only preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a small underwater frequency acoustic reflector, is characterized in that, comprises signal generating circuit, power amplification circuit, magnetoelectricity flextensional transducer and battery pack;
Described signal generating circuit comprises band limited noise signal generator circuit and digital signal generator circuit two parts;
Described band limited noise signal generator circuit utilizes Zener diode reaching Zener voltage, produce broadband AC noise signal when being operated in avalanche condition, and this broadband AC noise signal is through amplifying and after bandpass filtering, forming band limited noise signal;
It is by the frequency control word of Single-chip Controlling Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizers DDS chip that described digital signal produces circuit, produces sinusoidal simple signal, FM signal and swept-frequency signal;
Described power amplification circuit comprises two panels integrated power operational amplifier, be respectively forward amplifier and sign-changing amplifier, the normal phase input end of forward amplifier and the inverting input of sign-changing amplifier, respectively as two input ports transmitted, the output OUT+ of forward amplifier is connected to the positive input terminal of magnetoelectricity flextensional transducer, and the output OUT-of sign-changing amplifier is connected to the negative input end of magnetoelectricity flextensional transducer;
Described battery pack is used for powering for signal generating circuit and power amplification circuit;
After this acoustic transmitter connects battery pack, signal generating circuit produces low sine, frequency modulation, swept-frequency signal or band limited noise signal, and signal, after the amplification of power amplification circuit, drives magnetoelectricity flextensional transducer, be mechanical energy by converting electric energy, launch in the form of a sound wave.
2. a kind of small underwater frequency acoustic reflector as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described band limited noise signal generator circuit specifically comprises Zener diode circuit, forward amplifying circuit and multichannel negative feedback type band pass filter;
Described Zener diode circuit comprises two Zener diodes, be respectively the first Zener diode D1 and the second Zener diode D2, four resistance, be respectively the first resistance R1, the second resistance R2, the 3rd resistance R3 and the 4th resistance R4, two triodes, are respectively the first triode Q1 and the second triode Q2, four electric capacity, be respectively the first electric capacity C1, the second electric capacity C2, the 3rd electric capacity C3 and the 4th electric capacity C4, and adopt 24V supply voltage to power;
Wherein the collector electrode of the first triode Q1 is connected to 24V supply voltage by resistance R3, the emitter of the first triode Q1 is by resistance R2 ground connection, the base stage of Q1 connects the positive pole of the first Zener diode D1, the negative pole of D1 is connected to 24V supply voltage by resistance R1 and R3 on the one hand, on the other hand by electric capacity C1 ground connection;
The collector electrode of the second triode Q2 is connected to 24V supply voltage by the 3rd resistance R3, the emitter of the second triode Q2 is by the second electric capacity C2 ground connection, the base stage of the second triode Q2 connects the positive pole of the second Zener diode D2, the negative pole of D2 is connected to 24V supply voltage by the 4th resistance R4 and the 3rd resistance R3 on the one hand, on the other hand by the 4th electric capacity C4 ground connection;
First triode Q1 is directly connected with the emitter of the second triode Q2;
The positive pole of the 3rd electric capacity C3 is connected to 24V supply voltage by the 3rd resistance R3, and the negative pole of the 3rd electric capacity C3 is as the output of Zener diode circuit;
The output of Zener diode circuit is connected to the positive input terminal of forward amplifying circuit;
Described forward amplifying circuit is made up of operational amplifier TLC2262 and peripheral circuit thereof
The output of described forward amplifying circuit connects the input of multichannel negative feedback type band pass filter.
3. a kind of small underwater frequency acoustic reflector as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described digital signal produces in circuit, and the Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizers DDS chip adopted is AD9852, and the single-chip microcomputer adopted is MSP430F1612 single-chip microcomputer.
4. a kind of small underwater frequency acoustic reflector as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, forward amplifier is that the chip U2 of OPA512 and peripheral circuit thereof are formed by model, and sign-changing amplifier is that the chip U3 of OPA512 and peripheral circuit thereof are formed by model;
The peripheral circuit of chip U2 also comprises the first current-limiting resistance R59, the second current-limiting resistance R61, the 3rd current-limiting resistance R63 and the 4th current-limiting resistance R64, impedance matching resistor R62, first and amplifies controlling resistance R58 and second amplification controlling resistance R60, the 3rd triode Q13 and the 4th triode Q14, the first diode D4 and the second diode D5;
In chip U2 and peripheral circuit, the annexation of each device is: No. 4 pins of chip U2 are by resistance R62 ground connection, No. 5 pins of chip U2 are by resistance R58 ground connection, No. 3 pins of chip U2 are connected to+24V supply voltage by resistance R59, No. 2 pins of chip U2 are connected to No. 1 pin of chip U2 by the second current-limiting resistance R61, 3rd triode Q13 is positive-negative-positive structure, the base stage of the 3rd triode Q13 is connected to No. 3 pins of chip U2, the collector electrode of the 3rd triode Q13 is connected to No. 1 pin of chip U2, the emitter of the 3rd triode Q13 is connected to+24V supply voltage, No. 1 pin of chip U2 connects the positive pole of the first diode D4, and the negative pole of the first diode D4 is connected to+24V supply voltage, and No. 1 pin of chip U2 amplifies controlling resistance R60 and first by second and amplifies controlling resistance R58 ground connection, No. 6 pins of chip U2 are connected to-24V supply voltage by the 4th current-limiting resistance R64, No. 8 pins of chip U2 are connected to No. 1 pin of chip U2 by the 3rd current-limiting resistance R63,4th triode Q14 is NPN structure, the base stage of the 4th triode Q14 is connected to No. 6 pins of chip U2, the collector electrode of the 4th triode Q14 is connected to No. 1 pin of chip U2, and the emitter of the 4th triode Q14 is connected to-24V supply voltage, the output OUT+ of forward amplifier is drawn by No. 1 pin of chip U2, the multiplication factor of the forward amplifier of chip U2 and peripheral circuit composition thereof is K
1=1+R60/R58,
The peripheral circuit of chip U3 also comprises the 5th current-limiting resistance R65, the 6th current-limiting resistance R67, the 7th current-limiting resistance R70 and the 8th current-limiting resistance R71, impedance matching resistor R69, the 3rd and amplifies controlling resistance R68 and the 4th amplification controlling resistance R66, the 5th triode Q15 and the 6th triode Q16, the 3rd diode D6 and the 4th diode D7;
In chip U3 and peripheral circuit, the annexation of each device is: No. 4 pins of chip U3 are by impedance matching resistor R69 ground connection, No. 5 pins of chip U3 amplify controlling resistance R68 ground connection by the 3rd, No. 3 pins of chip U3 are connected to+24V supply voltage by the 5th current-limiting resistance R65, No. 2 pins of chip U3 are connected to No. 1 pin of chip U3 by the 6th current-limiting resistance R67, 5th triode Q15 is positive-negative-positive structure, the base stage of the 5th triode Q15 is connected to No. 3 pins of chip U3, the collector electrode of the 5th triode Q15 is connected to No. 1 pin of chip U3, the emitter of the 5th triode Q15 is connected to+24V supply voltage, No. 1 pin of chip U3 connects the positive pole of the 3rd diode D6, and the negative pole of the 3rd diode D6 is connected to+24V supply voltage, and No. 1 pin of chip U3 amplifies controlling resistance R66 and the 3rd by the 4th and amplifies controlling resistance R68 ground connection, No. 6 pins of chip U3 are connected to-24V supply voltage by the 8th current-limiting resistance R71, No. 8 pins of chip U2 are connected to No. 1 pin of chip U3 by the 7th current-limiting resistance R70,5th triode Q15 is NPN structure, the base stage of the 5th triode Q15 is connected to No. 6 pins of chip U3, the collector electrode of the 5th triode Q15 is connected to No. 1 pin of chip U3, and the emitter of the 5th triode Q15 is connected to-24V supply voltage, the output OUT-of sign-changing amplifier is drawn by No. 1 pin of chip U3, the multiplication factor of the sign-changing amplifier of chip U3 and peripheral circuit composition thereof is K
2=-R66/R68.
5. a kind of small underwater frequency acoustic reflector as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the material of the vibrating mass of described magnetoelectricity flextensional transducer is the rare earth material with magnetostrictive effect characteristic.
6. a kind of small underwater frequency acoustic reflector as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the lithium ion battery of described battery power intensity or fuel cell.
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| CN110492878A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-11-22 | 厦门大学 | A kind of small underwater sub-wavelength acoustics switching device |
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| CN104539299B (en) | 2017-01-25 |
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