CN104538553A - Color-adjustable organic electroluminescent device - Google Patents
Color-adjustable organic electroluminescent device Download PDFInfo
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- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
- H10K50/125—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light
- H10K50/13—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light comprising stacked EL layers within one EL unit
- H10K50/131—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light comprising stacked EL layers within one EL unit with spacer layers between the electroluminescent layers
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- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/18—Carrier blocking layers
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Abstract
The invention provides a color-adjustable organic electroluminescent device. The color-adjustable organic electroluminescent device comprises a first electrode layer, at least one middle transparent conductive layer and a second electrode layer which are arranged on a substrate in a stacked mode, and further comprises a plurality of light-emitting units arranged between the electrode layers and/or the middle transparent conductive layer. The light-emitting units include at least one first light-emitting unit and at least one second light-emitting unit. The direction of current capable of passing through the first light-emitting units and the direction of current capable of passing through the second light-emitting units are opposite. A one-way current control valve is arranged between the electrode layers. The direction of current capable of passing through the one-way current control valve and the direction of current capable of passing through the light-emitting units in the same layer as the one-way current control valve are opposite. An auxiliary PN junction is designed in the device, and therefore under the condition that single alternating-current power supply control is achieved and no middle electrode leads are needed, the complete color adjustment effect can be achieved by adjusting the magnitude of alternating-current positive and negative voltage and the current time distribution ratio.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of organic electroluminescence, be specifically related to a kind of organic electroluminescence device of Color tunable.
Background technology
Through the development of nearly 30 years, (English full name is Organic LightEmitting Device to organic electroluminescence device, referred to as OLED) as illumination of future generation and Display Technique, have that colour gamut is wide, response is fast, wide viewing angle, pollution-free, high-contrast, the advantage such as complanation, in illumination and display application to a certain extent.Typical organic electroluminescence device generally comprises transparency carrier 1, first transparency electrode 3, second electrode 5 and is arranged on two interelectrode organic function layers 4.
CN101371619B provides a kind of stack organic luminescent device, and it comprises: the first conductive layer, at least one intermediate conductive layer and the second conductive layer and the luminescence unit arranged between the conductive layers.Wherein, in described conductive layer, have at least two non-conterminous conductive layers to be the conductive layers belonging to group 1, it is mutually electrically connected and reaches same potential; Reach in the conductive layer of same potential can not be electrically connected with the conductive layer belonging to the 1st group, at least one non-conterminous conductive layer is the conductive layer belonging to group 2, and it is mutually electrically connected and reaches same potential; And the conductive layer belonging to group 1 and the conductive layer belonging to group 2 are interconnected by the voltage regulator alternately applying positive voltage and negative voltage.Stack organic luminescent device adopts DC power system to regulate its colour temperature to make it show different colors.This scheme needs to draw central, clear electrode, preparation method's difficulty; In addition, when the reverse voltage applied is higher, the situation of the comparatively large even breakdown device of leakage current may be there is; When ac power frequency is higher, also there will be the leakage current because device capacitor causes.
US20110095702 discloses a kind of stack organic luminescent device, and it comprises: the first conductive layer, at least one intermediate conductive layer and the second conductive layer and the luminescence unit arranged between the conductive layers.Luminescence unit comprises two groups of opposite polarity luminescence units, and adopt external drive circuit diode to realize electrical connection respectively, this device adopts DC powered display unit, needs additionally to make external circuits.
Summary of the invention
For this reason, the problem being the stacking OLED of existing polychrome and must using DC powered to be solved by this invention, and then raising one can use the electrically driven (operated) multicolor displaying organic electro luminescent device of interchange, by Design assistant PN junction in the devices, control in single AC power, under condition without the need to target lead-in wire, by regulating alternating current reversal time devided modulation ratio, the toning effect that realization can be complete.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of Organnic electroluminescent device of Color tunable, be included in the first electrode layer of the stacking setting on substrate, at least one middle transparent conductive layer and the second electrode lay, and the some luminescence units be arranged between described electrode layer and/or middle transparent conductive layer, described luminescence unit comprises at least one first luminescence unit and at least one second luminescence unit, and the current direction that described first luminescence unit can pass through is contrary with the current direction that described second luminescence unit can pass through;
Also be provided with unidirectional current control valve between described electrode layer and/or middle transparent conductive layer, the current direction that described unidirectional current control valve can pass through is contrary with the current direction that the luminescence unit that same layer is arranged can pass through.
Described unidirectional current control valve and described luminescence unit are disposed in parallel between described electrode layer and/or middle transparent conductive layer, physical contact or by insulating barrier physical contact between the described unidirectional current control valve arranged with layer and described luminescence unit.
Described unidirectional current control valve is PN junction.
Described PN junction comprises the first PN junction and the second PN junction, and described first PN junction and described first luminescence unit are set up in parallel; Described second PN junction and described second luminescence unit are set up in parallel.
Described PN junction comprises the first organic function layer and the second organic function layer; The stacking order of each layer of described first PN junction is contrary with the stacking order of each layer of described second PN junction.
Luminescence unit described in each is included in the first organic function layer, luminescent layer, the second organic function layer that stack gradually setting; The stacking order of each layer of described first luminescence unit is contrary with the stacking order of each layer of described second luminescence unit; Described first PN junction is contrary with the order of the second organic function layer with the first organic function layer of the first luminescence unit; Described second PN junction is contrary with the order of the second organic function layer with the first organic function layer of the second luminescence unit.
Described first organic function layer comprises hole injection layer and/or hole transmission layer, and described second organic function layer comprises electron transfer layer and/or electron injecting layer.
Described luminescent layer is the one in red light luminescent layer, Yellow light emitting layer, green light emitting layer, blue light-emitting.
Described first luminescence unit and described second luminescence unit are the luminescence unit of different colours, are respectively red light-emitting unit, Yellow light emitting unit, green luminescence unit, blue light emitting unit piece or white-light emitting unit.
Described Organnic electroluminescent device adopts alternating voltage to drive display multiple color.
S1, on substrate, prepare the first electrode layer successively;
S2, prepare the first luminescence unit and the first PN junction
First electrode layer is prepared hole injection layer, hole transmission layer, luminescent layer, electron transfer layer, electron injecting layer, forms the first luminescence unit;
Prepare evaporation electron injecting layer, electron transfer layer, hole transmission layer, hole injection layer at the first electrode layer, form the first PN junction;
S3, on the first luminescence unit and the first PN junction evaporation formed middle transparent conductive layer;
S4, prepare the second luminescence unit and the second PN junction over transparent conductive layer
Prepare electron injecting layer, electron transfer layer, luminescent layer, hole transmission layer, hole injection layer over transparent conductive layer, form the second luminescence unit;
Prepare electron injecting layer, electron transfer layer, hole transmission layer, hole injection layer over transparent conductive layer, form the second PN junction;
S5, on the second luminescence unit and the second PN junction, prepare the second electrode lay.
Preferably, after first luminescence unit of described step S2 completes, prepare an insulating film layer in the side of the first luminescence unit, prepare the first PN junction at the opposite side of insulating film layer;
After second luminescence unit of described step S2 completes, prepare an insulating film layer in the side of the second luminescence unit, prepare the second PN junction at the opposite side of insulating film layer.
Technique scheme of the present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology:
The present inventor is through large quantifier elimination, creatively seek to utilize and exchange electrically driven (operated) multicolor displaying Organnic electroluminescent device, the luminescence unit of this Organnic electroluminescent device comprises at least one first luminescence unit and at least one second luminescence unit, and the current direction that can pass through between described first luminescence unit and described second luminescence unit is contrary; Also be provided with unidirectional current control valve between described electrode layer, the current direction that described unidirectional current control valve can pass through is contrary with the current direction that the luminescence unit that same layer is arranged can pass through.Namely pass through Design assistant PN junction in the devices, control in single AC power, under the condition without the need to target lead-in wire, by regulating alternating current reversal time devided modulation ratio, the toning effect that realization can be complete.Leakage current can be reduced, realize single traditional structure device be difficult to realize function.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to make content of the present invention be more likely to be clearly understood, below according to a particular embodiment of the invention and by reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further detailed explanation, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the luminescence unit structural representation of existing Color tunable;
Fig. 2 is multicolor displaying organic electro luminescent apparatus structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the current direction schematic diagram of the organic electro luminescent of multicolor displaying shown in Fig. 2 device;
In figure, Reference numeral is expressed as: 0-substrate, 1-first electrode layer, 2-first PN junction, 3-transparency conducting layer, 4-second PN junction, 5-the second electrode lay, 6-first luminescence unit, 7-second luminescence unit.
Embodiment
In order to make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail.
The present invention can implement in many different forms, and should not be understood to be limited to embodiment set forth herein.On the contrary, provide these embodiments, make the disclosure to be thorough and complete, and design of the present invention fully will be conveyed to those skilled in the art, the present invention will only be limited by claim.In the accompanying drawings, for clarity, the size in layer and region and relative size can be exaggerated.Should be understood that, when element such as layer, region or substrate be referred to as " being formed in " or " being arranged on " another element " on " time, this element can be set directly on another element described, or also can there is intermediary element.On the contrary, when element is referred to as on " being formed directly into " or " being set directly at " another element, there is not intermediary element.
As shown in Figure 2, the organic electroluminescence device of a kind of Color tunable of the present invention, be included in the first electrode layer 1 of the stacking setting on substrate 0, at least one middle transparent conductive layer 3 and the second electrode lay 5, and the some luminescence units be arranged between described electrode layer and/or middle transparent conductive layer 3, described luminescence unit comprises at least one first luminescence unit 6 and at least one second luminescence unit 7, and the current direction that described first luminescence unit 6 can pass through is contrary with the current direction that described second luminescence unit 7 can pass through; Also be provided with unidirectional current control valve between described electrode layer and/or middle transparent conductive layer 3, the current direction that described unidirectional current control valve can pass through is contrary with the current direction that can pass through of the organic function layer that same layer is arranged.Physical contact between the described unidirectional current control valve arranged with layer and described luminescence unit.Described unidirectional current control valve is PN junction, and itself and described luminescence unit are disposed in parallel between described electrode layer and/or middle transparent conductive layer 3.Described PN junction comprises the first PN junction 2 and the second PN junction 4, and described first PN junction 2 is set up in parallel with described first luminescence unit 6; Described second PN junction 4 is set up in parallel with described second luminescence unit 7.As shown in Figure 2, first PN junction is contrary with the stacking order of the second organic function layer with the first organic function layer of the sub-pixel in the first luminescent layer, and the second PN junction is contrary with the stacking order of the second organic function layer with the first organic function layer of the sub-pixel in the second luminescent layer.As interchangeable mode, between described PN junction and described luminescence unit, be provided with insulating barrier, described PN junction and described luminescence unit all with described insulating barrier physical contact.
Luminescence unit described in each is included in the first organic function layer, luminescent layer, the second organic function layer that stack gradually setting, described first organic function layer comprises hole injection layer and/or hole transmission layer, and described second organic function layer comprises electron transfer layer and/or electron injecting layer; Namely luminescence unit described in each is included in the hole injection layer, hole transmission layer, luminescent layer, electron transfer layer and the electron injecting layer that stack gradually setting; Described PN junction comprises the first organic function layer and the second organic function layer; The stacking order of each layer of described first PN junction 2 is contrary with the stacking order of each layer of described second PN junction 4, described first organic function layer comprises hole injection layer and/or hole transmission layer, and described second organic function layer comprises electron transfer layer and/or electron injecting layer.Namely described PN junction comprises hole injection layer, hole transmission layer, electron transfer layer and electron injecting layer.The hole injection layer of the first luminescence unit 6 shown in Fig. 2, hole transmission layer, luminescent layer, electron transfer layer and electron injecting layer stacking order are along substrate upwards, namely hole injection layer is formed on the first electrode layer 1, hole transmission layer is formed on described hole injection layer, luminescent layer is formed on hole transmission layer, luminescent layer is electron transfer layer and electron injecting layer.The sense of current that described first luminescence unit 6 allows is to middle transparent conductive layer by the first electrode layer.Described first luminescence unit 6 two ends are electrically connected with described first electrode layer 1 and middle transparent conductive layer 3 respectively.The hole injection layer of described first PN junction 2, hole transmission layer, electron transfer layer and electron injecting layer stacking order are downward along middle transparent conductive layer, namely electron injecting layer is formed on the first electrode layer 1, electron transfer layer is formed on described electron injecting layer, hole transmission layer is formed in electron transfer layer, and hole injection layer is formed on hole transmission layer.The N pole of described first PN junction is electrically connected with described first electrode layer 1, and P pole is electrically connected with described middle transparent conductive layer 3.
The hole injection layer of described second luminescence unit, hole transmission layer, luminescent layer, electron transfer layer and electron injecting layer stacking order are downward along the second electrode lay 5, namely the electron injecting layer of the second luminescence unit is formed in middle transparent conductive layer 3, electron transfer layer is formed in above described electron injecting layer, luminescent layer is formed in above described electron transfer layer, hole transmission layer is formed in above luminescent layer, be formed in below hole injection layer above hole transmission layer, the sense of current that the second luminescence unit 7 allows is by the second electrode lay 5 to middle transparent conductive layer 3.Described second luminescence unit 7 hole injection layer is electrically connected with described the second electrode lay 5, and electron injecting layer and middle transparent conductive layer 3 are electrically connected.The hole injection layer of described second PN junction 4, hole transmission layer, electron transfer layer and electron injecting layer stacking order are along middle transparent conductive layer upwards, namely hole injection layer is formed on transparent electrode layer 3, hole transmission layer is formed on described hole injection layer, electron transfer layer is formed in hole injection layer, and electron injecting layer is formed on the electron transport layer.The P pole of described second PN junction is electrically connected with described middle transparent conductive layer 3, and N pole is electrically connected with described the second electrode lay 5.
Described luminescent layer is the one in red light luminescent layer, green light emitting layer, blue light-emitting.Described first luminescence unit 6 and described second luminescence unit 7 are the luminescence unit of different colours, are respectively red light-emitting unit, Yellow light emitting unit, green luminescence unit, blue light emitting unit piece or white-light emitting unit.
As shown in Figure 3, when applying alternating voltage to Organnic electroluminescent device shown in Fig. 2, if the sense of current is the first electrode layer 1 when flowing to the second electrode lay 5.Current direction is as shown in dotted arrow direction in figure:
First electrode layer 1 → the first luminescence unit → middle transparent conductive layer 3 → the second PN junction 4 → the second electrode lay 5, the color of now Organnic electroluminescent device display is the color of the first luminescence unit 6;
Otherwise after alternating voltage change direction, its current direction is for shown in solid arrow direction in such as figure:
The second electrode lay 5 → the second luminescence units → middle transparent conductive layer 3 → the first PN junction 2 → the first electrode layer 1, the color of now Organnic electroluminescent device display is the color of the second luminescence unit 7;
The color of Organnic electroluminescent device changes with the change of the positive and negative time scale of alternating current.
The preparation method of the Organnic electroluminescent device of above-mentioned Color tunable comprises the steps:
The preparation method of 12. 1 kinds of Organnic electroluminescent devices, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
S1, by the ultrasonic detergent boiled and deionized water ultrasonic method, ito glass substrate to be cleaned, and dry under being placed on infrared lamp, substrate is prepared the first electrode layer 1 successively;
S2, prepare the first luminescence unit 6 and the first PN junction 2
S21, employing metal mask plate evaporation hole injection layer, hole transmission layer, luminescent layer, electron transfer layer, electron injecting layer on the first electrode layer 1, form the first luminescence unit 6; Its structure is as follows: MoOx/NPB/TCTA/CBP:12%YD/Bphen/LiF;
Insulating film layer is prepared in the side of the first luminescence unit 6;
On the first electrode layer 1, adopt another metal mask plate at opposite side evaporation electron injecting layer, electron transfer layer, hole transmission layer, the hole injection layer successively of insulating film layer, form the first PN junction 2; Its structure is as follows: Ag/LiF/n type organic semiconductor (Liq, BCP, Bphen etc.)/p-type organic semiconductor (NPB, TCTA etc.)/MoOx;
S3, on the first luminescence unit 6 and the first PN junction 2 evaporation formed middle transparent conductive layer 3;
S4, on transparency conducting layer 3, prepare the second luminescence unit 7 and the second PN junction 4
Adopt metal mask plate to prepare electron injecting layer, electron transfer layer, luminescent layer, hole transmission layer, hole injection layer on transparency conducting layer 3, form the second luminescence unit 7; Its structure is as follows: LiF/Bphen/BH:5%BD//TCTA/NPB/MoOx;
Insulating film layer is prepared in the side of the second luminescence unit 7;
On transparency conducting layer 3, adopt another metal mask plate at opposite side evaporation electron injecting layer, electron transfer layer, hole transmission layer, the hole injection layer successively of insulating film layer, form the second PN junction 4; Its structure is as follows: MoOx/p type organic semiconductor (NPB, TCTA etc.)/N-shaped organic semiconductor (Liq, BCP, Bphen etc.)/LiF;
S5, on the second luminescence unit 7 and the second PN junction 4 evaporation formed the second electrode lay 5.
As interchangeable mode, when preparation first PN junction 2 and the second PN junction 4, between first luminescence unit 6 that can arrange with same layer respectively and the overlapping luminescence unit that described PN junction and same layer are arranged of the second luminescence unit 7 part, direct physical contacts, and avoids central, clear electrode 3 directly to lead to the first electrode 1 and/or the second electrode 5 Direct Conductivity.PN junction and the luminescence unit with layer can overlapping settings or have insulating barrier between the two, play the effect of insulation target and the one the second electrodes.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for clearly example being described, and the restriction not to execution mode.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all execution modes.And thus the apparent change of extending out or variation be still among protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. the Organnic electroluminescent device of a Color tunable, be included in first electrode layer (1) of the stacking setting on substrate (0), at least one middle transparent conductive layer (3) and the second electrode lay (5), and the some luminescence units be arranged between described electrode layer and/or middle transparent conductive layer (3), it is characterized in that:
Described luminescence unit comprises at least one first luminescence unit (6) and at least one second luminescence unit (7), and the current direction that described first luminescence unit (6) can be passed through is contrary with the current direction that described second luminescence unit (7) can pass through;
Also be provided with unidirectional current control valve between described electrode layer and/or middle transparent conductive layer (3), the current direction that described unidirectional current control valve can pass through is contrary with the current direction that the luminescence unit that same layer is arranged can pass through.
2. the Organnic electroluminescent device of Color tunable according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described unidirectional current control valve and described luminescence unit are disposed in parallel between described electrode layer and/or middle transparent conductive layer (3), physical contact or by insulating barrier physical contact between the described unidirectional current control valve arranged with layer and described luminescence unit.
3. the Organnic electroluminescent device of Color tunable according to claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described unidirectional current control valve is PN junction.
4. the Organnic electroluminescent device of Color tunable according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described PN junction comprises the first PN junction (2) and the second PN junction (4), and described first PN junction (2) and described first luminescence unit (6) are set up in parallel; Described second PN junction (4) and described second luminescence unit (7) are set up in parallel.
5. the Organnic electroluminescent device of Color tunable according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described PN junction comprises the first organic function layer and the second organic function layer; The stacking order of each layer of described first PN junction (2) is contrary with the stacking order of each layer of described second PN junction (4).
6. the Organnic electroluminescent device of Color tunable according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, luminescence unit described in each is included in the first organic function layer, luminescent layer, the second organic function layer that stack gradually setting; The stacking order of each layer of described first luminescence unit (6) is contrary with the stacking order of each layer of described second luminescence unit (7); Described first PN junction (2) is contrary with the order of the second organic function layer with the first organic function layer of the first luminescence unit; Described second PN junction (4) is contrary with the order of the second organic function layer with the first organic function layer of the second luminescence unit.
7. the Organnic electroluminescent device of Color tunable according to claim 5 or 6, it is characterized in that, described first organic function layer comprises hole injection layer and/or hole transmission layer, and described second organic function layer comprises electron transfer layer and/or electron injecting layer.
8. the Organnic electroluminescent device of Color tunable according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
The luminescence unit that described first luminescence unit (6) and described second luminescence unit (7) are different colours, is respectively red light-emitting unit, Yellow light emitting unit, green luminescence unit, blue light emitting unit or white-light emitting unit.
9. the Organnic electroluminescent device of Color tunable according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Organnic electroluminescent device adopts alternating voltage to drive display multiple color.
10. a preparation method for Organnic electroluminescent device, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
S1, on substrate, prepare the first electrode layer (1) successively;
S2, prepare the first luminescence unit (6) and the first PN junction (2)
First electrode layer (1) prepares hole injection layer, hole transmission layer, luminescent layer, electron transfer layer, electron injecting layer, forms the first luminescence unit (6);
First electrode layer (1) prepares electron injecting layer, electron transfer layer, hole transmission layer, hole injection layer, forms the first PN junction (2);
S3, form middle transparent conductive layer (3) at the upper evaporation of the first luminescence unit (6) and the first PN junction (2);
S4, at upper preparation second luminescence unit (7) of transparency conducting layer (3) and the second PN junction (4)
Transparency conducting layer (3) prepares electron injecting layer, electron transfer layer, luminescent layer, hole transmission layer, hole injection layer, forms the second luminescence unit (7);
Transparency conducting layer (3) prepares electron injecting layer, electron transfer layer, hole transmission layer, hole injection layer, forms the second PN junction (4);
S5, on the second luminescence unit (7) and the second PN junction (4), prepare the second electrode lay (5).
The preparation method of 11. a kind of Organnic electroluminescent devices according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, after prepared by first luminescence unit (6) of described step S2, prepare an insulating film layer in the side of the first luminescence unit (6), prepare the first PN junction (2) at the opposite side of insulating film layer;
After second luminescence unit (7) of described step S2 completes, prepare an insulating film layer in the side of the second luminescence unit (7), prepare the second PN junction (4) at the opposite side of insulating film layer.
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