CN104535351B - Paddle type sludge drying machine performance judgment method - Google Patents
Paddle type sludge drying machine performance judgment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104535351B CN104535351B CN201410840424.9A CN201410840424A CN104535351B CN 104535351 B CN104535351 B CN 104535351B CN 201410840424 A CN201410840424 A CN 201410840424A CN 104535351 B CN104535351 B CN 104535351B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a paddle type sludge drying machine performance judgment method. The paddle type sludge drying machine performance judgment method includes the following step: the performance of a sludge drying machine is judged in cooperation with four performance parameters including the drying efficiency, the total heat transferring coefficient, the evaporation speed and the unit sludge drying cost. By means of the paddle type sludge drying machine performance judgment method, the technical blank in the sludge drying machine performance judgment aspect on the market is filled, and the basis is provided for judging the performance of the sludge drying machine. By means of the paddle type sludge drying machine performance judgment method, a client can accurately select the sludge drying machine most suitable for the client according to the requirement of the client, and the sludge drying machine with the better structural characteristics and the better heat transferring characteristic can be selected all the time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of paddle type sludge dryer performance judgment method.
Background technology
With Chinese society economy and the development of urbanization, municipal sewage is on the increase, and after sludge is as sewage disposal
Side-product, how to process has become a great problem that today's society faces.Due to the starting of China specific resistance to filtration technology compared with
Evening, current China's major part sludge is directly toppled over, and does not take other processing modes, not only severe contamination soil environment, together
When also serious threat is generated to the healthy of the people.
At present Treatment of Sludge mode conventional in the world mainly has：Sanitary landfills, agricultural compost, sludge anhydration burning etc..
In these processing modes, drying sludge can significantly reduce sludge volume, be readily transported and store, thus drying sludge into
For the committed step that various countries process sludge, sludge drier also arises at the historic moment, wherein, paddle type sludge dryer is tied because of equipment
Structure is simple, easy to operate, for being received by the market the features such as sludge is not directly contacted with dried medium.
But paddle type sludge dryer performance is very different on domestic and international market, how accurately to select to be adapted to different clients
High-quality sludge drier has become the current demand of people.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of paddle type sludge dryer performance judgment method, to fill up
Existing market judges the technological gap of sludge drier aspect of performance, helps different clients to select the suitable oar of oneself exactly
Leaf formula sludge drier.
The present invention solves by following technical solution its technical problem：A kind of paddle type sludge dryer performance judgment side
Method, comprises the steps：With reference to drying efficiency, overall heat-transfer coefficient, four performance ginsengs of evaporation rate and unit sludge drying cost
Number judges the performance of sludge drier.
It is dried whether rationally engine efficiency can fully show sludge drier integral arrangement, whether airframe structure is compact
Efficiently, if can make full use of and spatially and thermally measure；Overall heat-transfer coefficient studies the utilization of energy from the angle of thermal conduction study,
Sludge drier material therefor can be embodied whether rationally, whether its internal structure arrangement is conducive to heat transfer；Evaporation rate
Drying capacity of the drying machine to sludge is indicated, the bigger explanation drying machine drying capacity of its numerical value is better；And unit sludge is dried
Cost then comprehensively embodies the quality of sludge drier performance.
The combination drying efficiency, overall heat-transfer coefficient, four performance parameters of evaporation rate and unit sludge drying cost are sentenced
Determine the performance of sludge drier, specifically include following steps：
1) obtaining different drying machines carries out four performance parameters after same dried sludge experiment；
2) with overall heat-transfer coefficient as abscissa, drying efficiency is vertical coordinate, draws sludge drier architectural characteristic discrete point
Figure, by the figure can judge first sludge drier structure arrange and material therefor whether rationally, the closer to top-right discrete
The representative sludge drier architectural characteristic of point is more reasonable, chooses in the discrete point diagram upper right side certain area of the architectural characteristic
Sludge drier representated by discrete point, that is, select the sludge drier for possessing preferable architectural characteristic and heat-transfer character；
3) to step 2) in select sludge drier numbering, with number as abscissa, respectively with evaporation rate and unit
Drying sludge cost is that vertical coordinate draws the discrete point diagram of evaporation rate and the discrete point diagram of unit sludge drying cost；
4) select step 3 according to different demands) in different discrete point diagram choose suitable as main reference frame
Sludge drier, such as：If sludge yield is relatively more, client compares emphasis drying capacity, and that just need to be with evaporation rate discrete point
Figure is most important reference frame；If client compares emphasis cost control, that should be with unit sludge drying cost discrete point
Figure is used as most important reference frame.
Drying efficiency of the present invention, overall heat-transfer coefficient, four performance parameters of evaporation rate and unit sludge drying cost
Obtain as follows respectively：
The steam flow of setting sludge drier and the rotating speed of paddle shaft are certain certain value, and keep sludge drier to enter
Mouth sludge flow velocity is constant, relevant parameter is measured at the appointed time and is obtained respectively：
A) evaporation rate
The moisture content of the measurement sludge quantity of sludge drier import and import and export sludge within the stipulated time, according to
Formula (1) obtains evaporation rate：
In formula, M is evaporation rate, m1For the sludge quantity of sludge drier import, x1、x2Respectively import and export sludge contains
Water rate, S is the heat exchange area of sludge drier；
B) drying efficiency
B-1) the sludge quantity and ambient temperature of measurement sludge drier import and export within the stipulated time, according to formula
(2) the caloric receptivity Q of sludge in dry run is obtained1：
Q1=(m1-m2)×[c×(100-T)+γ] (2)
In formula, m1And m2The respectively sludge quantity of sludge drier import and export, c for water specific heat capacity, T is ambient temperature,
γ is gasification latent heat；
B-2) measure and steamed in the vapor (steam) temperature and dry run of sludge drier steam import and export within the stipulated time
The consumption of vapour, according to formula (3) the thermal discharge Q of steam in dry run is obtained2：
Q2=m × cp×(t1-t2) (3)
In formula, m for steam inlet quantity of steam, cpFor the specific heat at constant pressure of steam, t1And t2Respectively steam import and export
Vapor (steam) temperature；
B-3) drying efficiency η is calculated according to formula (4)：
C) overall heat-transfer coefficient
Diabatic process in sludge drier mainly includes three links：From steam to drying machine dividing plate wall high temperature side
Heat transfer, the heat transfer of dividing plate wall high temperature side to low temperature side, from dividing plate wall low temperature side to the heat transfer of sludge, because
This is defined by steam side thermal discharge, and according to formula (5) (6) sludge drier overall heat-transfer coefficient in dry run can be obtained.
The steam temperature of measurement the sludge temperature of sludge drier import and export and steam import and export within the stipulated time
Degree, always heat transfer is k to obtain drying machine：
In formula, Q2For the thermal discharge of steam, S for sludge drier heat exchange area, Δ tmax、ΔtminRespectively sludge is done
The sludge temperature difference of dry machine import and export and the vapor (steam) temperature of sludge drier steam import and export difference two temperatures difference in compared with
Big value and smaller value, Δ t is the temperature difference in this diabatic process.
D) unit sludge drying cost
Unit sludge drying cost is obtained according to formula (7)：
In formula, A be unit drying sludge cost, A1It is the operation power charge that sludge is dried within the stipulated time, A2For people
Expenses of labour is used, A3For water rate, A4For steam or conduction oil expense, A5For dewatered sludge value, m2For the sludge of sludge drier outlet
Amount.
The speed setting of the paddle shaft one compared with fractional value, it is described to refer to span between drying sludge compared with fractional value
Numerical value between machine minimum speed and intermediate speed, to ensure to export moisture percentage in sewage sludge in acceptability limit.
The present invention has the advantages that relative to prior art：
1) present invention has filled up the technological gap on market in terms of sludge drier performance judgment, is to judge sludge drier
Performance provides foundation；
2) present invention allows client according to the demand of oneself, accurately selects most suitable sludge drier, and
Architectural characteristic and all preferable sludge drier of heat-transfer character can be selected；
3) present invention can help client reasonably to select sludge drier, so that the process sludge that client can be more efficient,
And then the process that promotion sewage sludge harmlessness is processed.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of paddle type sludge dryer；
Fig. 2 is the discrete point diagram of sludge drier architectural characteristic；
Fig. 3 is the discrete point diagram of sludge drier evaporation rate；
Fig. 4 is the discrete point diagram of sludge drier unit sludge drying cost；
In figure, 1, sludge drier casing (casing is sandwich, the path of intermediate formation steam or conduction oil circulation),
2nd, paddle shaft, 3, driving means, 4, switch board, 5, jet chimney, 6, steam stream volume adjustment switch, 7, thermocouple, 8, effusion meter,
9th, exhaust steam outlet, 10, sludge import, 11, sludge outlet, 12, waste gas outlet, 13, Plug and Display thermohygrograph, 14, sludge weighs
Device, 14-1, weight change sensing element, 14-2, display element.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further details below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
The present invention provides a kind of paddle type sludge dryer performance judgment method, and paddle type sludge dryer is generally with steam
Or the conduction oil after heating is heated as dried medium using indirect mode, and it is aided with blade stirring, wherein blade design
Have hollow and solid other.The present embodiment is dried using hollow paddle type sludge drying machine to be determined to sludge, it is assumed that this
Drying machine uses steam as drying source, and the structure of sludge drier is as shown in figure 1, sludge in the present embodiment in the present embodiment
Drying machine performance judgment pilot system includes paddle type sludge dryer and auxiliary measurement system.
As shown in figure 1, sludge drier is by 1, two oar blade type groomed oar rachises 2, driving means 3 of casing and switch board 4
Composition.Overheated saturated vapor is entered in the interlayer of sludge drier casing 1 by jet chimney 5, and steam has sequentially passed through steam stream
Volume adjustment switch 6, thermocouple 7, effusion meter 8, the steam Jing exhaust steam outlet 9 after heat release is discharged, moisture content more than 90%
Sludge via sludge import 10 enter sludge drier inside, Jing paddle shaft 2 stir and steam drying after by dewatered sludge export
11 discharge, and sludge waste gas is discharged into sludge exhaust treatment system by waste gas outlet 12.
Thermocouple 7 is joined directly together with sludge drier switch board 4, and switch board 4 has display vapor (steam) temperature, control paddle shaft
The functions such as 2 rotating speed, adjust the rotating speed of paddle shaft 2 to compared with fractional value and keeping constant, to ensure sludge in sludge drier
There are enough time of staying, it is ensured that sludge is dried to claimed range.Steam stream volume adjustment switch 6 controls steam flow, fixed
Switch 6 is adjusted, keeps steam flow constant.
Auxiliary measurement system includes thermocouple 7, effusion meter 8, Plug and Display thermohygrograph 13, sludge weighing device 14, stopwatch
Deng.Sludge weighing device 14 includes weight change sensing element 14-1 and display element 14-2, the dirt of energy real-time monitoring import and export
Mud amount.
Keep steam flow, blade rotating speed and sludge drier import sludge flow velocity constant, it is continuous by sludge import 10
Sludge is added, after qualified sludge occurs in dewatered sludge outlet 11, is pressed the stopwatch record time (assume 3000 seconds).It is with inserting
Aobvious thermohygrograph 13 measures respectively sludge temperature, moisture content, the vapor (steam) temperature of steam (vapor) outlet of sludge drier import and export, to rule
Stop timing after fixing time, with sludge weighing device 14 sludge quantity of import and export is measured.
Respectively in the identical steam flow of surveying record, identical blade rotating speed, identical import sludge flow velocity, same time
The above-mentioned parameter of different sludge driers, according to formula (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) four property of sludge drier are calculated
Can parameter：
Evaporation rate M：
In formula, m1For the sludge quantity of sludge drier import, x1、x2The respectively moisture content of import and export sludge, S is sludge
The heat exchange area of drying machine；
Drying efficiency η：
Q1=(m1-m2)×[c×(100-T)+γ] (2)
In formula, m1And m2Respectively the sludge quantity of sludge drier import and export enters or leaves the sludge of sludge drier
Quality, c for water specific heat capacity, T is ambient temperature, and γ is gasification latent heat；
Q2=m × cp×(t1-t2) (3)
In formula, m for steam inlet quantity of steam, cpFor the specific heat at constant pressure of steam, t1And t2Respectively steam import and export
Vapor (steam) temperature；
Drying machine overall heat-transfer coefficient k：
In formula, Q2For the thermal discharge of steam, S for sludge drier heat exchange area, Δ tmax、ΔtminRespectively sludge is done
The sludge temperature difference of dry machine import and export and the vapor (steam) temperature of sludge drier steam import and export difference two temperatures difference in compared with
Big value and smaller value, Δ t is the temperature difference in this diabatic process.
Unit sludge drying cost A：
In formula, A1It is the operation power charge that sludge is dried within the stipulated time, A2For labour cost, A3For water rate, A4For
Steam or conduction oil expense, A5For dewatered sludge value, m2For the sludge quantity of sludge drier outlet.
With overall heat-transfer coefficient as abscissa, drying efficiency is vertical coordinate, draws the discrete point diagram of sludge drier architectural characteristic,
Choose the sludge drier in the certain area of discrete point diagram upper right side to be target sludge drier and number, as shown in Fig. 2 with mesh
Mark sludge drier numbering is abscissa, and by vertical coordinate of evaporation rate the discrete point diagram of sludge drier evaporation rate is done, and is such as schemed
3, with target sludge drier number as abscissa, with unit sludge drying cost as vertical coordinate do unit sludge drying cost from
Scatterplot, as shown in figure 4, choosing suitable sludge drier with reference to Fig. 3 or Fig. 4 according to different clients demand.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of paddle type sludge dryer performance judgment method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：With reference to drying efficiency,
Overall heat-transfer coefficient, four performance parameters of evaporation rate and unit sludge drying cost judge the performance of sludge drier；
The drying efficiency, overall heat-transfer coefficient, four performance parameters of evaporation rate and unit sludge drying cost are respectively by such as
Lower step is obtained：
The steam flow of setting sludge drier and the rotating speed of paddle shaft are certain certain value, and keep sludge drier import dirty
Mudflow speed is constant, relevant parameter is measured at the appointed time and is obtained respectively：
A) evaporation rate
The moisture content of the measurement sludge quantity of sludge drier import and import and export sludge within the stipulated time, according to formula
(1) evaporation rate is obtained：
In formula, M is evaporation rate, m1For the sludge quantity of sludge drier import, x1、x2Respectively import and export sludge is aqueous
Rate, S is the heat exchange area of sludge drier；
B) drying efficiency
B-1) sludge quantity and ambient temperature of measurement sludge drier import and export within the stipulated time, obtains according to formula (2)
The caloric receptivity Q of sludge in dry run1：
Q1=(m1-m2)×[c×(100-T)+γ] (2)
In formula, m1And m2The respectively sludge quantity of sludge drier import and export, c for water specific heat capacity, T is ambient temperature, and γ is
Gasification latent heat；
B-2) measurement steam in the vapor (steam) temperature and dry run of sludge drier steam import and export within the stipulated time
Consumption, according to formula (3) the thermal discharge Q of steam in dry run is obtained2：
Q2=m × cp×(t1-t2) (3)
In formula, m for steam inlet quantity of steam, cpFor the specific heat at constant pressure of steam, t1And t2The respectively steam of steam import and export
Temperature；
B-3) drying efficiency η is calculated according to formula (4)：
C) overall heat-transfer coefficient
The vapor (steam) temperature of measurement the sludge temperature of sludge drier import and export and steam import and export within the stipulated time, asks
Always heat transfer is k to go out drying machine：
In formula, Q2For the thermal discharge of steam, S for sludge drier heat exchange area, Δ tmax、ΔtminRespectively sludge drier
Higher value in the difference two temperatures difference of the sludge temperature difference of import and export and the vapor (steam) temperature of sludge drier steam import and export
And smaller value, Δ t is the temperature difference in this diabatic process；
D) unit sludge drying cost
Unit sludge drying cost is obtained according to formula (7)：
In formula, A be unit drying sludge cost, A1It is the operation power charge that sludge is dried within the stipulated time, A2For labour cost
With A3For water rate, A4For steam or conduction oil expense, A5For dewatered sludge value, m2For the sludge quantity of sludge drier outlet.
2. paddle type sludge dryer performance judgment method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the combination is dried
Efficiency, overall heat-transfer coefficient, four performance parameters of evaporation rate and unit sludge drying cost judge the performance of sludge drier, tool
Body comprises the steps：
1) obtaining different drying machines carries out four performance parameters after same dried sludge experiment；
2) with overall heat-transfer coefficient as abscissa, drying efficiency is vertical coordinate, draws the discrete point diagram of sludge drier architectural characteristic, choosing
Take the sludge drier representated by the discrete point in the discrete point diagram upper right side certain area of the architectural characteristic, that is, select possess compared with
The sludge drier of architectural characteristic well and heat-transfer character；
3) to step 2) in select sludge drier numbering, with number as abscissa, respectively with evaporation rate and unit sludge
Drying cost is that vertical coordinate draws the discrete point diagram of evaporation rate and the discrete point diagram of unit sludge drying cost；
4) select step 3 according to different demands) in different discrete point diagram choose suitable sludge as main reference frame
Drying machine.
3. paddle type sludge dryer performance judgment method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the paddle shaft
Speed setting one compared with fractional value, it is described to refer to span between sludge drier minimum speed and intermediate speed compared with fractional value
Between numerical value, with ensure export moisture percentage in sewage sludge in acceptability limit.
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| CN111553564B (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2022-05-13 | 厦门大学 | Energy efficiency evaluation method and system for steam dryer |
| CN116225107B (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2024-01-19 | 浙江浙能电力股份有限公司台州发电厂 | Sludge drying control method, system and storage medium |
| CN116734592B (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-10-27 | 浙江中智达科技有限公司 | Control method, device, equipment and storage medium for moisture of dry PVC |
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| CN201277797Y (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2009-07-22 | 王绍良 | Flue gas hollow paddle drier |
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| JP3326502B2 (en) * | 1991-05-14 | 2002-09-24 | 株式会社大川原製作所 | Drying method of paste-like substance by rotary dryer |
| JP2002011499A (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-15 | Toshiba Corp | Device for drying sludge |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201277797Y (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2009-07-22 | 王绍良 | Flue gas hollow paddle drier |
| CN102338726A (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2012-02-01 | 浙江大学 | Discrimination method for stagnant zone in sludge drying |
| CN104045217A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-09-17 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | Municipal sludge drying system utilizing power plant waste heat coupling solar energy |
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