CN104532284A - Converting method and converting device of lignocellulose in ionic solution through electrooxidation-hydrothermal method - Google Patents
Converting method and converting device of lignocellulose in ionic solution through electrooxidation-hydrothermal method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104532284A CN104532284A CN201410774691.0A CN201410774691A CN104532284A CN 104532284 A CN104532284 A CN 104532284A CN 201410774691 A CN201410774691 A CN 201410774691A CN 104532284 A CN104532284 A CN 104532284A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a converting method and a converting device of lignocellulose in an ionic solution through an electrooxidation-hydrothermal method. By using a diamond electrode as an electro-oxidized working electrode, in the ionic solution, lignocellulose is converted into an available petrochemical engineering byproduct by using the electrooxidation-hydrothermal method. On the basis of dissolving lignocellulose, the lignocellulose is converted into the available petrochemical engineering byproduct. By using the diamond electrode as the electrooxidation working electrode, lignocellulose is converted into the available petrochemical engineering byproduct through the electrooxidation-hydrothermal method by virtue of excellent capacity of dissolving cellulose of the hot ionic solution in the ionic solution. The method is applied to crop wastes such as straws and bagasse, so that a good effect is obtained. The ionic liquid which is applied 6 times still maintains the original good performance, thus having relatively good economic and practical values.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of and lignocellulose changed into the method for transformation of the petrochemical by-product that can be utilized.
Background technology
Day by day in short supply along with petroleum resources, and the environmental problem that relevant petroleum chemicals bring, people by reproducible resource substitute and in research.Biomass cause the extensive concern of people with the recyclability of its uniqueness.Biomass mainly comprise firewood forests, economic forest, Timber stands, agricultural crop straw, forestry residual processing thing and all kinds of organic wastes etc.Wherein, the maximum and class that utilization ratio is minimum of stock number that to take lignocellulose as the renewable biomass of representative be in biomass.
Lignocellulose is made up of Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, xylogen three major types.But quite limited to the utilization of lignocellulose now, major cause is the complicacy of lignocellulose structure and its insoluble in most of solvent.Recent years, the research for the full solution system system of lignocellulose enters into the visual field of researchist.The feature of this system to destroy each intermolecular hydrogen bond in material fibrils element, thus cause it to dissolve.The full solution system of lignocellulose mainly includes machine solvent full solution system and the full solution system of ionic liquid.Due to organic solvent toxicity and volatility, ionic liquid full solution system is made to obtain more concern.
Ionic liquid is non-volatile, and stablizing water and air, and have good solubility property to lignocellulose, is the good green solvent of a class.The processing and the dissolving lignocellulose that ionic liquid are used for lignocellulose have a wide range of applications.Especially 1-butyl-3-Methylimidazole villaumite ([BMIM] Cl) is as the solvent of lignocellulose, has good prospects for commercial application.The mechanism of [BMIM] Cl dissolving lignocellulose may be interpreted as the chlorion in [BMIM] Cl and the hydroxyl on lignocellulose molecule defines hydrogen bond, thus the hydrogen bond interrupted between the wooden cellulose macromolecule of connection, impel it to dissolve in ionic liquid.But because water molecules and cellulose macromolecule are vied each other when forming hydrogen bond with chlorion, therefore have document to point out when water ratio is larger, the ability of [BMIM] Cl dissolving cellulos reduces greatly.Therefore, be all adopt pure ionic liquid direct heating dissolving lignocellulose to the dissolving overwhelming majority of Mierocrystalline cellulose in ionic liquid at present.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention overcomes existing defect, provides the low and electrooxidation hydro-thermal lignocellulose method for transformation in solion of environmental protection of a kind of cost;
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of device of electrooxidation hydro-thermal lignocellulose in solion.
Object of the present invention carrys out specific implementation by the following technical programs:
An electrooxidation hydro-thermal lignocellulose method for transformation in solion, using diamond electrode as electrooxidation working electrode, in solion, adopting the method for electrooxidation hydro-thermal to transform lignocellulose is available petrochemical by-product.
Concrete operations comprise the following steps:
1) solion is placed in reaction unit, is first preheating to the temperature required for reaction, the boron-doped diamond electrode choosing high oxidative is working electrode, is also anode, is Pt sheet noble electrode to electrode, is also cathode;
2) between anode and cloudy machine, apply voltage, at continuous current under constant current state, electrooxidation hydro-thermal reaction is carried out, until lignocellulose transforms completely.
Preferably, the above-mentioned electrooxidation hydro-thermal lignocellulose method for transformation in solion, solion volume is 200-450ml, and the area of anode electrode and cathode electrode is 15-80cm
2, the spacing of anode electrode and cathode electrode is 1.5-2cm, and current density is 5-20mA/cm
2, temperature is 40-100 DEG C.
Preferred further, the area of anode electrode and cathode electrode is 20cm
2, the spacing of anode electrode and cathode electrode is 2cm, and current density is 10mA/cm
2.
Preferably, electrooxidation hydro-thermal reaction 3h.
Preferably, described solion adopts [BMIM] CI solion.
The situation that the present invention is transformed in solion by microscopic examination lignocellulose, and utilize product extraction and the converted product of Gas chromatographyMass spectrometry determination lignocellulose in ionic liquid.
Above-mentionedly determine that product extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrography technology for detection condition are:
Extraction liquid: ethyl acetate
Detector: triple level Four bar mass detector;
Adopt gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry method, take full scan pattern, determine possible target product, the converted product of Mierocrystalline cellulose and xylogen is analyzed, confirm that this process is conversion instead of the dissolving of Mierocrystalline cellulose and xylogen; And with mass spectrum, interpretation of mass spectra is carried out to each composition.
Above-mentioned analytical procedure preferred version is:
Product analysis extracting process is: get 50mL solution after reaction, adds 30mL ether in separating funnel: ethyl acetate=1:1, thermal agitation 10min, layering, retains upper organic layer; Re-extract three times, organic phase solution is stored in ground Erlenmeyer flask; Add a certain amount of anhydrous sodium sulphate, hold over night; Be settled to 1mL by concentrated for organic phase solution rotary evaporation, carry out gas chromatography-mass spectrum (GC-MS) analysis;
Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis condition is: adopt column type to be Agilent 6890GC-5973NMSD type, chromatographic condition is: quartz capillary column HP-5,30m × 0.25mm, and carrier gas is high pure nitrogen, flow velocity 0.5ml/min, injector temperature 250 DEG C, interface temperature 250 DEG C, starting temperature 80 DEG C, keeps 6min, 5 DEG C/min is warming up to 150 DEG C, keep 2min, 20 DEG C/min is warming up to 280 DEG C, keeps 4min; Mass Spectrometry Conditions: EI electron source, electron energy 70eV, quality of scanning scope 35-400AMU.
A device for electrooxidation hydro-thermal lignocellulose in solion, is made up of temp probe 1, temperature regulator 2, autoclave 3, cathode electrode 4, anode electrode 5, magnetic stirring apparatus 6 and well heater 7, forms closed system,
Cathode electrode 4 one end and anode electrode 5 one end are inserted in autoclave 3 respectively, cathode electrode 4 the other end and anode electrode 5 the other end are respectively by the negative, positive pole of wire connecting power, wire is through the still top of autoclave 3, outer wall insulate, autoclave 3 and well heater 7 are placed on magnetic stirring apparatus 6 jointly, temp probe 1 inserts in well heater 7, and below well heater 7, side connects temperature regulator 2
During reaction, heater and temperature regulator manufacture thermal and hydric environment, and anode is working electrode; Electricity level material is preferably: the boron-doped diamond electrode of high oxidative is as anode, and Pt sheet noble electrode is as negative electrode.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention makes lignocellulose change into the petrochemical by-product that can be utilized on the basis that lignocellulose dissolves.The present invention is using diamond electrode as electrooxidation working electrode, the ability of the dissolving cellulos that thermion solution is good is utilized in ionic liquid, electrooxidation hydrothermal conversion Mierocrystalline cellulose is available petrochemical by-product, and this method is applied in the Wastes of Crops such as straw, bagasse goes, achieve good effect.Ionic liquid can also keep its original good performance 6 times in application later, has good economic worth and practical value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and forms a part for specification sheets, together with embodiments of the present invention for explaining the present invention, is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram of the present invention's electrooxidation hydro-thermal lignocellulose in solion;
Fig. 2 is the apparent micro-image in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
embodiment 1:
A device for electrooxidation hydro-thermal lignocellulose in solion, as shown in Figure 1, is made up of temp probe 1, temperature regulator 2, autoclave 3, cathode electrode 4, anode electrode 5, magnetic stirring apparatus 6 and well heater 7, forms closed system,
Cathode electrode 4 one end and anode electrode 5 one end are inserted in autoclave 3 respectively, cathode electrode 4 the other end and anode electrode 5 the other end are respectively by the negative, positive pole of wire connecting power, wire is through the still top of autoclave 3, outer wall insulate, autoclave 3 and well heater 7 are placed on magnetic stirring apparatus 6 jointly, temp probe 1 inserts in well heater 7, and below well heater 7, side connects temperature regulator 2
During reaction, heater and temperature regulator manufacture thermal and hydric environment, and anode is working electrode; Electricity level material is preferably: the boron-doped diamond electrode of high oxidative is as anode, and Pt sheet noble electrode is as negative electrode.
embodiment 2:
electrooxidation hydro-thermal lignocellulose method for transformation in solion select Mierocrystalline cellulose to carry out electrooxidation hydro-thermal mode to carry out conversion processing
1) build electrooxidation hydrothermal conversion device by Fig. 1 and Mierocrystalline cellulose is carried out electrooxidation hydrothermal treatment consists.
2) Mierocrystalline cellulose is carried out this electrooxidation hydrothermal conversion:
Open step 1) device reaction, heater and temperature regulator manufacture thermal and hydric environment; Anode is working electrode, chooses the boron-doped diamond electrode (being called for short BDD electrode) of high oxidative, is Pt sheet noble electrode, plays connection electric action to electrode.Cathode electrode 4 and anode electrode 5 area are 20.0cm2, and interelectrode distance is 2cm.When adopting electrooxidation hydrothermal method process, apply certain voltage at negative and positive the two poles of the earth, the current density that boron-doped diamond electrode is passed through is 10mA/cm2.Application solion is [BMIM] Cl.
3) Mierocrystalline cellulose electrooxidation hydrothermal conversion product analysis:
Analyze Mierocrystalline cellulose electrooxidation hydrothermal conversion process according to GC-MS, the main product detected after 3h is C6 compound and C3 compound, as follows:
。
First, cellulosic polymer fiber is destructurized, and the chlorion in [BMIM] Cl and the hydroxyl on cellulosic molecule define hydrogen bond, and weaken the hydrogen bond action between cellulose macromolecule, cellulosic molecule is activated.The second, under electrooxidation is hydrothermal, the cellulosic molecule of activation changes into the alcohol acid of six carbon on electrode, and by detecting main 1-hydroxyheptanoic acid, meanwhile, product also detects 2, the 3-dihydroxypropionic acids and allyl acid that are converted into three carbon on a small quantity.Within the scope of this invention, after electrooxidation water-heat process 3h, Mierocrystalline cellulose is converted mainly into C6 and C3 compound, and all the other components are relatively less, and its micro-the apparent phenomenon contrast as shown in Figure 2.
embodiment 3
electrooxidation hydro-thermal lignocellulose method for transformation in solion select straw to carry out electrooxidation hydro-thermal mode to carry out conversion processing
1) build electrooxidation hydrothermal conversion device by Fig. 1 and straw is carried out electrooxidation hydrothermal treatment consists.
2) straw is carried out this electrooxidation hydrothermal conversion:
Open step 1) device reaction, heater and temperature regulator manufacture thermal and hydric environment; Anode is working electrode, chooses the boron-doped diamond electrode of high oxidative, is Pt sheet noble electrode, plays connection electric action to electrode.Cathode electrode 4 and anode electrode 5 area are 15.0cm2, and interelectrode distance is 2cm.When adopting electrooxidation hydrothermal method process, apply certain voltage at negative and positive the two poles of the earth, the current density that boron-doped diamond electrode is passed through is 8mA/cm2.Application solion is [BMIM] Cl.
3) straw electrooxidation hydrothermal conversion product analysis:
Analyze straw electrooxidation hydrothermal conversion process according to GC-MS, the main product detected after 3h is C6 compound, C3 compound and C9 compound, as follows:
。
Within the scope of this invention, in electrooxidation water-heat process, Mierocrystalline cellulose is converted mainly into C6, C3 compound and C9 compound, and all the other components are relatively less.Because xylogen has been converted mainly into C9 compound after electrooxidation hydrothermal conversion process 3h.
embodiment 4
electrooxidation hydro-thermal lignocellulose method for transformation in solion select bagasse to carry out electrooxidation hydro-thermal mode to carry out conversion processing
1) build electrooxidation hydrothermal conversion device by Fig. 1 and bagasse is carried out electrooxidation hydrothermal treatment consists
2) bagasse is carried out this electrooxidation hydrothermal conversion:
Open step 1) device reaction, heater and temperature regulator manufacture thermal and hydric environment; Anode is working electrode, chooses the boron-doped diamond electrode of high oxidative, is Pt sheet noble electrode, plays connection electric action to electrode.Cathode electrode 4 and anode electrode 5 area are 25.0cm2, and interelectrode distance is 2cm.When adopting electrooxidation hydrothermal method process, apply certain voltage at negative and positive the two poles of the earth, the current density that boron-doped diamond electrode is passed through is 15mA/cm2.Application solion is [BMIM] Cl.
3) bagasse electrooxidation hydrothermal conversion product analysis:
Analyze bagasse electrooxidation hydrothermal conversion process according to GC-MS, the main product detected after 3h is C6 compound, C3 compound and C9 compound, with the structure of embodiment 3.Within the scope of this invention, in electrooxidation water-heat process, Mierocrystalline cellulose is converted mainly into C6, C3 compound and C9 compound, and all the other components are relatively less.Because xylogen has been converted mainly into C9 compound in electrooxidation hydrothermal conversion process.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the electrooxidation hydro-thermal lignocellulose method for transformation in solion, it is characterized in that: using diamond electrode as electrooxidation working electrode, in solion, adopting the method for electrooxidation hydro-thermal to transform lignocellulose is available petrochemical by-product.
2. the electrooxidation hydro-thermal lignocellulose method for transformation in solion according to claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1) solion is placed in reaction unit, is first preheating to the temperature required for reaction, the boron-doped diamond electrode choosing high oxidative is working electrode, is also anode, is Pt sheet noble electrode to electrode, is also cathode;
2) between anode and cloudy machine, apply voltage, at continuous current under constant current state, electrooxidation hydro-thermal reaction is carried out, until lignocellulose transforms completely.
3. the electrooxidation hydro-thermal lignocellulose method for transformation in solion according to claim 1, is characterized in that: solion volume is 200-450ml, and the area of anode electrode and cathode electrode is 15-80cm
2, the spacing of anode electrode and cathode electrode is 1.5-2cm, and current density is 5-20mA/cm
2, temperature is 40-100 DEG C.
4. the electrooxidation hydro-thermal lignocellulose method for transformation in solion according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the area of anode electrode and cathode electrode is 20cm
2, the spacing of anode electrode and cathode electrode is 2cm, and current density is 10mA/cm
2.
5. the electrooxidation hydro-thermal lignocellulose method for transformation in solion according to claim 1, is characterized in that: electrooxidation hydro-thermal reaction 3h.
6. the electrooxidation hydro-thermal lignocellulose method for transformation in solion according to any one of claim 1-5, is characterized in that: described solion adopts [BMIM] CI solion.
7. the electrooxidation hydro-thermal lignocellulose method for transformation in solion according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: situation about being transformed in solion by microscopic examination lignocellulose, and utilize product extraction and the converted product of Gas chromatographyMass spectrometry determination lignocellulose in ionic liquid.
8. the electrooxidation hydro-thermal lignocellulose method for transformation in solion according to claim 7, is characterized in that: describedly determine that product extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrography technology for detection condition are:
Extraction liquid: ethyl acetate
Detector: triple level Four bar mass detector;
Adopt gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry method, take full scan pattern, determine possible target product, the converted product of Mierocrystalline cellulose and xylogen is analyzed, confirm that this process is conversion instead of the dissolving of Mierocrystalline cellulose and xylogen; And with mass spectrum, interpretation of mass spectra is carried out to each composition.
9. the electrooxidation hydro-thermal lignocellulose method for transformation in solion according to claim 8, is characterized in that:
Product analysis extracting process is: get 50mL solution after reaction, adds 30mL ether in separating funnel: ethyl acetate=1:1, thermal agitation 10min, layering, retains upper organic layer; Re-extract three times, organic phase solution is stored in ground Erlenmeyer flask; Add a certain amount of anhydrous sodium sulphate, hold over night; Be settled to 1mL by concentrated for organic phase solution rotary evaporation, carry out gas chromatography-mass spectrum (GC-MS) analysis;
Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis condition is: adopt column type to be Agilent 6890GC-5973NMSD type, chromatographic condition is: quartz capillary column HP-5,30m × 0.25mm, and carrier gas is high pure nitrogen, flow velocity 0.5ml/min, injector temperature 250 DEG C, interface temperature 250 DEG C, starting temperature 80 DEG C, keeps 6min, 5 DEG C/min is warming up to 150 DEG C, keep 2min, 20 DEG C/min is warming up to 280 DEG C, keeps 4min; Mass Spectrometry Conditions: EI electron source, electron energy 70eV, quality of scanning scope 35-400AMU.
10. the device of an electrooxidation hydro-thermal lignocellulose in solion, it is characterized in that: be made up of temp probe (1), temperature regulator (2), autoclave (3), cathode electrode (4), anode electrode (5), magnetic stirring apparatus (6) and well heater (7), form closed system
Cathode electrode (4) one end and anode electrode (5) one end are inserted in autoclave (3) respectively, cathode electrode (4) the other end and anode electrode (5) the other end are respectively by the negative, positive pole of wire connecting power, wire is through the still top of autoclave (3), outer wall insulate, autoclave (3) and well heater (7) are placed on magnetic stirring apparatus (6) jointly, temp probe (1) inserts in well heater (7), and side, well heater (7) below connects temperature regulator (2)
During reaction, heater and temperature regulator manufacture thermal and hydric environment, and anode is working electrode; Electricity level material is preferably: the boron-doped diamond electrode of high oxidative is as anode, and Pt sheet noble electrode is as negative electrode.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106939428A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-07-11 | 河南科技大学 | It is a kind of to be electrolysed the method that lignocellulosic prepares reduced sugar |
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Application publication date: 20150422 |
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