CN104530429A - High-fluidity wide-processing-widow polyimide pre-polymer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-fluidity wide-processing-widow polyimide pre-polymer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-fluidity wide-processing-widow polyimide pre-polymer and a preparation method thereof. A structural formula is shown in the description, wherein n is 1-20 and is an integer. The preparation method comprises the steps of dissolving 3,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether 3,4'-ODA in an organic solvent under the nitrogen protection condition, adding 2,3,3',4'-tetracarboxydiphthalic ether dianhydride a-ODPA after complete dissolution, meanwhile adding the organic solvent to enable the solid content of a solution to be 10%-40%, adding an end-capping reagent during reaction at the room temperature to continue to perform reaction, dropwise adding a dehydrating agent to perform reaction, washing, drying and smashing. The pre-polymer can be formed through compression molding, is well applicable to a resin transfer forming process and has potential application value on the aspect of preparation of high-performance composite materials, high-temperature-resisting adhesives and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to thermoset performed polymer material and preparation field thereof, particularly the polyimide prepolymer and preparation method thereof of a kind of high workability and wide process window.
Background technology
In the past in more than 30 year, polyimide is owing to having the mechanical property etc. of very high thermo-oxidative stability, excellent chemical and brilliance, make it in novel material and high-tech area etc., serve very important effect, be prepared to various product, comprise film, fiber, sizing agent, engineering plastics, coating and advanced composite material etc.
In order to the solubleness solving high-performance polymer is low, the high processing difficult problem of melt viscosity, meet aerospace and microelectronic to the demand of novel material, the research and development of the polyimide prepolymer containing reactive group cause scientists and pay close attention to widely simultaneously.The processing characteristics of thermoplastic material excellence and the good thermal characteristics of thermosetting material and mechanical property are organically united by this kind of material, during the low molecule performed polymer made, there is good processibility, become the resistant to elevated temperatures thermosetting material of high-performance after cross-linking, its composite material combination property is excellent, can under the environment of very severe life-time service.
The eighties in 20th century, the research institution being representative with U.S. NASA develops phenylacetylene-capped polyimide (PETI) the serial performed polymer more than 100 kinds, wherein PETI-5 has good mechanical property and processibility is the representational kind of most, but after it is crosslinked, second-order transition temperature is relatively low only has 270 DEG C, melt viscosity is comparatively large simultaneously, and minimum melt viscosity is 60000Pas (371 DEG C).In the meantime, researcher have employed introduce lower molecular weight thinner, structure isomerization and control the methods such as the polymerization degree to improve PETI performance.Afterwards, the people such as Japan Yokota have employed 2,3,3', 4'-bibenzene tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl oxide and phenylacetylene benzoic anhydride have prepared asymmetrical polyimide (Tri-PI), and after its solidification, second-order transition temperature reaches 343 DEG C, and the minimum melt viscosity of performed polymer is 1000Pas (320 DEG C).
For many years, a lot of researcher is devoted to research Thermocurable polyimide material always can have low melt temperature, low melt viscosity and good solubility before curing, and after solidification, there is higher second-order transition temperature, thermostability and good toughness, there have been many significant contributions for this reason.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide polyimide prepolymer of a kind of high workability and wide process window and preparation method thereof, the present invention uses the diamines 3 of unsymmetric structure, 4'-diaminodiphenyl oxide, the middle diether linkage structure of introducing of dianhydride becomes 2 simultaneously, 3, 3', 4'-diphenyl ether tetraformic dianhydride, the asymmetry of polyimide molecule chain is reduced further with this, the kindliness of further raising polyimide molecule chain, thus further increase its solvability in organic solvent, reduce further the melt viscosity of performed polymer, widen process window when it uses.
The polyimide prepolymer of a kind of high workability of the present invention and wide process window, the structural formula of described polyimide prepolymer is as follows:
; Wherein n=1 ~ 20, and be integer.
The preparation method of the polyimide prepolymer of a kind of high workability of the present invention and wide process window, comprising:
Under nitrogen protection, by 3, 4'-diaminodiphenyl oxide 3, 4'-ODA is dissolved in organic solvent, until completely dissolved, add 2, 3, 3', 4'-diphenyl ether tetraformic dianhydride a-ODPA, add residue organic solvent makes the solid content of solution be 10% ~ 40% simultaneously, react under room temperature after 1 ~ 4 hour and add end-capping reagent, continue reaction 2-8 hour, obtain polyamic acid solution, then dropwise dewatering agent is added, wherein dewatering agent and 3, the mol ratio of 4'-ODA is 1 ~ 6:1, 4-10 hour is reacted under room temperature, washing, dry, pulverize, obtain the polyimide prepolymer of high workability and wide process window, wherein the mol ratio of the consumption of 3,4'-diaminodiphenyl oxides, 2,3,3', 4'-diphenyl ether tetraformic dianhydrides, end-capping reagent is n+1:n:2, and wherein n is the integer of 1 ~ 20.
Described organic solvent is the one in N,N-dimethylacetamide DMAc, N-Methyl pyrrolidone NMP, DMF DMF.
Described 3,4'-diaminodiphenyl oxides 3,4'-ODA are dissolved in the organic solvent of 1/5 ~ 1/2 volume.
Described end-capping reagent is phenylacetylene benzoic anhydride PEPA.
Described dewatering agent is one or more in Acetyl Chloride 98Min., diacetyl oxide, pyridine, triethylamine.
Described washing is distilled water wash 1-5 time, and the pH value to filtration water outlet is 7.
Described oven dry for dry in 80 ~ 150 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens.
Polyimide prepolymer building-up reactions equation in the present invention is:
beneficial effect
1, the present invention adopt diamines and dianhydride be respectively 3,4'-diaminodiphenyl oxide and 2,3,3', 4'-diphenyl ether tetraformic dianhydride, flexible group ehter bond is all introduced in molecular structure, effectively can reduce the second-order transition temperature of performed polymer, widen its process window, its solvability in organic solvent can be improved simultaneously, can find out that its second-order transition temperature is only 123 DEG C from the polyimide prepolymer powder DSC curve prepared, start crosslinking temperature then up to 350 DEG C;
2, the diamines that adopts of the present invention and dianhydride all easily obtains and price is cheaper, their structure is all unsymmetric structure, Resin crystallization degree and Intermolecular Forces are declined, melt viscosity reduces, its minimum melt viscosity is only 0.089Pas and melt viscosity is 223 ~ 335 DEG C in the temperature range of 0.08Pas ~ 1.0Pas, there is the process window of low-down melt viscosity and non-constant width, reduce tonnage, be conducive to producing and reducing production cost;
3, the present invention adopts benzyne base as end-capping reagent, can curing cross-linking reaction be there is under the high temperature conditions in it, without small molecules release, and after solidification, the high-performance polyimide that obtains has good thermostability, its in a nitrogen atmosphere mass loss 5% time temperatures as high 533 DEG C;
4, the present invention adopts dewatering agent to carry out the chemical imidization of polyamic acid to prepare polyimide, and this reaction at room temperature just can be carried out;
5, the performed polymer that the present invention prepares has extraordinary fluidity of molten, its melt viscosity just starts sharply and continuous decrease at 120 DEG C, until 316 DEG C time be minimum melt viscosity 0.089Pas, melt viscosity starts to increase along with temperature raises afterwards, but until 336 DEG C of its melt viscosities just start to be greater than 1.0Pas, therefore this performed polymer has the process window of non-constant width equally, and this performed polymer not only can adopt compression molding, and is applicable to resin transfer molding process well.This performed polymer has potential using value preparing in high performance composite and high-temperature Resistance Adhesives etc.
Accompanying drawing explanation
It is the infrared spectrogram of the polyimide prepolymer that embodiment 2 prepares shown in Fig. 1;
The DSC single pass figure of the polyimide prepolymer that embodiment 2 prepares shown in Fig. 2;
It is the rheometer test curve of the polyimide prepolymer that embodiment 2 prepares shown in Fig. 3;
It is the thermogravimetric curve after polyimide prepolymer that embodiment 2 prepares is cross-linked in nitrogen shown in Fig. 4.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, set forth the present invention further.Should be understood that these embodiments are only not used in for illustration of the present invention to limit the scope of the invention.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally after the content of having read the present invention's instruction.
Embodiment 1
Under nitrogen protection, the N after underpressure distillation is added in churned mechanically three mouthfuls of round-bottomed flasks, N-N,N-DIMETHYLACETAMIDE (DMAc, 20g), then 3 are added, 4'-diaminodiphenyl oxide (3, 4'-ODA, 0.04mol, 8g), after it dissolves completely, precise 2, 3, 3', 4'-diphenyl ether tetraformic dianhydride (a-ODPA, 0.02mol, 6.2g), add DMAc again, control reaction density (diamines and dianhydride and be solute) 30%, temperature of reaction is at room temperature reacted after 4 hours and is added end-capping reagent phenylacetylene benzoic anhydride (PEPA, 0.04mol, 9.92g), continue reaction 2 hours, then in the polyamic acid solution generated, triethylamine (0.08mol is dropwise added, 8.08g) with diacetyl oxide (0.12mol, 12.24g), react 5 hours under room temperature, finally the distilled water of the solution 1000mL obtained is cleaned 2 times until the pH value filtering water outlet approximates 7, the product obtained is placed in 120 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens fully dry and pulverize simultaneously, finally obtain the polyimide prepolymer 22.51g of gray powdery, productive rate is 99.3%, the polymerization degree of polymkeric substance is 1.In this example, diamines: dianhydride: end-capping reagent mol ratio=2:1:2.
Embodiment 2
Under nitrogen protection, the N after underpressure distillation is added in churned mechanically three mouthfuls of round-bottomed flasks, N-N,N-DIMETHYLACETAMIDE (DMAc, 20g), then 3 are added, 4'-diaminodiphenyl oxide (3, 4'-ODA, 0.04mol, 8g), after it dissolves completely, precise 2, 3, 3', 4'-diphenyl ether tetraformic dianhydride (a-ODPA, 0.027mol, 8.27g), add DMAc again, control reaction density (diamines and dianhydride and be solute) 30%, temperature of reaction is at room temperature reacted after 4 hours and is added end-capping reagent phenylacetylene benzoic anhydride (PEPA, 0.02mol, 6.61g), continue reaction 2 hours, then in the polyamic acid solution generated, triethylamine (0.08mol is dropwise added, 8.08g) with diacetyl oxide (0.12mol, 12.24g), react 5 hours under room temperature, finally the distilled water of the solution 1000mL obtained is cleaned 2 times until the pH value filtering water outlet approximates 7, the product obtained is placed in 120 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens fully dry and pulverize simultaneously, finally obtain the polyimide prepolymer 20.18g of gray powdery, productive rate is 95.1%, the polymerization degree of polymkeric substance is 2.In this example, diamines: dianhydride: end-capping reagent mol ratio=2:3:2.
Fig. 1 is the infrared spectrogram of the polyimide prepolymer prepared, and can find out, 1779cm
-1and 1722cm
-1for carbonyl absorption peak, 1378cm
-1, 1110cm
-1and 740cm
-1for the absorption peak of imide ring, and 2215cm
-1for the charateristic avsorption band of phenylacetylene base;
The DSC single pass figure of the polyimide prepolymer prepared by Fig. 2, can find out, its second-order transition temperature is about 123 DEG C, and 224 ~ 260 DEG C is the melting peak of performed polymer, and 350 ~ 470 DEG C is the crosslinked exothermic peak of alkynyl.
It is the rheometer test curve of the polyimide prepolymer that embodiment 2 prepares shown in Fig. 3;
It is the thermogravimetric curve after polyimide prepolymer that embodiment 2 prepares is cross-linked in nitrogen shown in Fig. 4, as seen from the figure, resin after crosslinked in a nitrogen atmosphere mass loss 5% time temperatures as high 533 DEG C, temperatures as high 558 DEG C during mass loss 10%, therefore this resin has higher thermostability.
Embodiment 3
Under nitrogen protection, the N after underpressure distillation is added in churned mechanically three mouthfuls of round-bottomed flasks, N-N,N-DIMETHYLACETAMIDE (DMAc, 20g), then 3 are added, 4'-diaminodiphenyl oxide (3, 4'-ODA, 0.04mol, 8g), after it dissolves completely, precise 2, 3, 3', 4'-diphenyl ether tetraformic dianhydride (a-ODPA, 0.032mol, 9.2g), add DMAc again, control reaction density (diamines and dianhydride and be solute) 30%, temperature of reaction is at room temperature reacted after 4 hours and is added end-capping reagent phenylacetylene benzoic anhydride (PEPA, 0.016mol, 3.968g), continue reaction 2 hours, then in the polyamic acid solution generated, triethylamine (0.08mol is dropwise added, 8.08g) with diacetyl oxide (0.12mol, 12.24g), react 5 hours under room temperature, finally the distilled water of the solution 1000mL obtained is cleaned 2 times until the pH value filtering water outlet approximates 7, the product obtained is placed in 120 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens fully dry and pulverize simultaneously, finally obtain the polyimide prepolymer 18.67g of gray powdery, productive rate is 96.6%, the polymerization degree of polymkeric substance is 4.In this example, diamines: dianhydride: end-capping reagent mol ratio=5:4:2.
Embodiment 4
Under nitrogen protection, the N after underpressure distillation is added in churned mechanically three mouthfuls of round-bottomed flasks, N-N,N-DIMETHYLACETAMIDE (DMAc, 20g), then 3 are added, 4'-diaminodiphenyl oxide (3, 4'-ODA, 0.04mol, 8g), after it dissolves completely, precise 2, 3, 3', 4'-diphenyl ether tetraformic dianhydride (a-ODPA, 0.035mol, 10.85g), add DMAc again, control reaction density (diamines and dianhydride and be solute) 30%, temperature of reaction is at room temperature reacted after 4 hours and is added end-capping reagent phenylacetylene benzoic anhydride (PEPA, 0.01mol, 2.48g), continue reaction 2 hours, then in the polyamic acid solution generated, triethylamine (0.08mol is dropwise added, 8.08g) with diacetyl oxide (0.12mol, 12.24g), react 5 hours under room temperature, finally the distilled water of the solution 1000mL obtained is cleaned 2 times until the pH value filtering water outlet approximates 7, the product obtained is placed in 120 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens fully dry and pulverize simultaneously, finally obtain the polyimide prepolymer 18.98g of gray powdery, productive rate is 95.4%, the polymerization degree of polymkeric substance is 7.In this example, diamines: dianhydride: end-capping reagent mol ratio=8:7:2.
Embodiment 5
Under nitrogen protection, the N after underpressure distillation is added in churned mechanically three mouthfuls of round-bottomed flasks, N-N,N-DIMETHYLACETAMIDE (DMAc, 20g), then 3 are added, 4'-diaminodiphenyl oxide (3, 4'-ODA, 0.04mol, 8g), after it dissolves completely, precise 2, 3, 3', 4'-diphenyl ether tetraformic dianhydride (a-ODPA, 0.036mol, 11.16g), add DMAc again, control reaction density (diamines and dianhydride and be solute) 30%, temperature of reaction is at room temperature reacted after 4 hours and is added end-capping reagent phenylacetylene benzoic anhydride (PEPA, 0.008mol, 1.984g), continue reaction 2 hours, then in the polyamic acid solution generated, triethylamine (0.08mol is dropwise added, 8.08g) with diacetyl oxide (0.12mol, 12.24g), react 5 hours under room temperature, finally the distilled water of the solution 1000mL obtained is cleaned 2 times until the pH value filtering water outlet approximates 7, the product obtained is placed in 120 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens fully dry and pulverize simultaneously, finally obtain the polyimide prepolymer 19.09g of gray powdery, productive rate is 96.9%, the polymerization degree of polymkeric substance is 9.In this example, diamines: dianhydride: end-capping reagent mol ratio=10:9:2.
Embodiment 6
Under nitrogen protection, the N after underpressure distillation is added in churned mechanically three mouthfuls of round-bottomed flasks, N-N,N-DIMETHYLACETAMIDE (DMAc, 20g), then 3 are added, 4'-diaminodiphenyl oxide (3, 4'-ODA, 0.04mol, 8g), after it dissolves completely, precise 2, 3, 3', 4'-diphenyl ether tetraformic dianhydride (a-ODPA, 0.035mol, 10.85g), add DMAc again, control reaction density (diamines and dianhydride and be solute) 30%, temperature of reaction is at room temperature reacted after 4 hours and is added end-capping reagent phenylacetylene benzoic anhydride (PEPA, 0.01mol, 2.48g), continue reaction 2 hours, then in the polyamic acid solution generated, triethylamine (0.08mol is dropwise added, 8.08g) with pyridine (0.12mol, 9.492g), react 5 hours under room temperature, finally the distilled water of the solution 1000mL obtained is cleaned 2 times until the pH value filtering water outlet approximates 7, the product obtained is placed in 120 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens fully dry and pulverize simultaneously, finally obtain the polyimide prepolymer 18.86g of gray powdery, productive rate is 95.8%, the polymerization degree of polymkeric substance is 7.In this example, diamines: dianhydride: end-capping reagent mol ratio=8:7:2.
Embodiment 7
Under nitrogen protection, N-Methyl pyrrolidone (the NMP after underpressure distillation is added in churned mechanically three mouthfuls of round-bottomed flasks, 20g), then 3 are added, 4'-diaminodiphenyl oxide (3, 4'-ODA, 0.04mol, 8g), after it dissolves completely, precise 2, 3, 3', 4'-diphenyl ether tetraformic dianhydride (a-ODPA, 0.035mol, 10.85g), add DMAc again, control reaction density (diamines and dianhydride and be solute) 30%, temperature of reaction is at room temperature reacted after 4 hours and is added end-capping reagent phenylacetylene benzoic anhydride (PEPA, 0.01mol, 2.48g), continue reaction 2 hours, then in the polyamic acid solution generated, triethylamine (0.08mol is dropwise added, 8.08g) with diacetyl oxide (0.12mol, 12.24g), react 5 hours under room temperature, finally the distilled water of the solution 1000mL obtained is cleaned 2 times until the pH value filtering water outlet approximates 7, the product obtained is placed in 120 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens fully dry and pulverize simultaneously, finally obtain the polyimide prepolymer 18.9g of gray powdery, productive rate is 95.0%, the polymerization degree of polymkeric substance is 7.In this example, diamines: dianhydride: end-capping reagent mol ratio=8:7:2.
Embodiment 8
Under nitrogen protection, the N after underpressure distillation is added in churned mechanically three mouthfuls of round-bottomed flasks, dinethylformamide (DMF, 20g), then 3 are added, 4'-diaminodiphenyl oxide (3, 4'-ODA, 0.04mol, 8g), after it dissolves completely, precise 2, 3, 3', 4'-diphenyl ether tetraformic dianhydride (a-ODPA, 0.035mol, 10.85g), add DMAc again, control reaction density (diamines and dianhydride and be solute) 30%, temperature of reaction is at room temperature reacted after 4 hours and is added end-capping reagent phenylacetylene benzoic anhydride (PEPA, 0.01mol, 2.48g), continue reaction 2 hours, then in the polyamic acid solution generated, triethylamine (0.08mol is dropwise added, 8.08g) with diacetyl oxide (0.12mol, 12.24g), react 5 hours under room temperature, finally the distilled water of the solution 1000mL obtained is cleaned 2 times until the pH value filtering water outlet approximates 7, the product obtained is placed in 120 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens fully dry and pulverize simultaneously, finally obtain the polyimide prepolymer 18.93g of gray powdery, productive rate is 95.2%, the polymerization degree of polymkeric substance is 7.In this example, diamines: dianhydride: end-capping reagent mol ratio=8:7:2.
Claims (7)
1. a polyimide prepolymer for high workability and wide process window, is characterized in that: the structural formula of described polyimide prepolymer is as follows:
Wherein n=1 ~ 20, and be integer.
2. a preparation method for the polyimide prepolymer of high workability as claimed in claim 1 and wide process window, comprising:
Under nitrogen protection, by 3, 4'-diaminodiphenyl oxide 3, 4'-ODA is dissolved in organic solvent, until completely dissolved, add 2, 3, 3', 4'-diphenyl ether tetraformic dianhydride a-ODPA, add organic solvent makes the solid content of solution be 10% ~ 40% simultaneously, react under room temperature after 1 ~ 4 hour and add end-capping reagent, continue reaction 2-8 hour, obtain polyamic acid solution, then dropwise dewatering agent is added, wherein dewatering agent and 3, the mol ratio of 4'-ODA is 1 ~ 6:1, 4-10 hour is reacted under room temperature, washing, dry, pulverize, obtain the polyimide prepolymer of high workability and wide process window, wherein the mol ratio of 3,4'-diaminodiphenyl oxides, 2,3,3', 4'-diphenyl ether tetraformic dianhydrides, end-capping reagent consumption is n+1:n:2, and wherein n is the integer of 1 ~ 20.
3. the preparation method of the polyimide prepolymer of a kind of high workability according to claim 2 and wide process window, it is characterized in that: described organic solvent is N, one in N-N,N-DIMETHYLACETAMIDE DMAc, N-Methyl pyrrolidone NMP, DMF DMF.
4. the preparation method of the polyimide prepolymer of a kind of high workability according to claim 2 and wide process window, is characterized in that: described end-capping reagent is phenylacetylene benzoic anhydride PEPA.
5. the preparation method of the polyimide prepolymer of a kind of high workability according to claim 2 and wide process window, is characterized in that: described dewatering agent is one or more in Acetyl Chloride 98Min., diacetyl oxide, pyridine, triethylamine.
6. the preparation method of the polyimide prepolymer of a kind of high workability according to claim 2 and wide process window, is characterized in that: described washing is distilled water wash 1-5 time, and the pH value to filtration water outlet is 7.
7. the preparation method of the polyimide prepolymer of a kind of high workability according to claim 2 and wide process window, is characterized in that: described oven dry for dry in 80 ~ 150 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens.
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| CN106188551A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-12-07 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of semi-aromatic polyimide modified nylon dragon and preparation method thereof and the preparation method of semi-aromatic polyimides |
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| CN106279688A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-04 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Thermoset polyimide resin and its preparation method and application |
| CN108395534A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-08-14 | 常州杰铭新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of solubility height and the good bismaleimide performed polymer and its preparation method and application of temperature tolerance |
| CN111234222A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-06-05 | 神马实业股份有限公司 | Preparation method of copolymerization modified thermosetting polyimide material |
| WO2022133722A1 (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2022-06-30 | 宁波长阳科技股份有限公司 | Polyimide material and preparation method therefor and application thereof |
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