CN104529105B - A kind of by spatial and temporal scales control carrying out dispensing auxiliary realize low stain diffusion ecological dredging method - Google Patents
A kind of by spatial and temporal scales control carrying out dispensing auxiliary realize low stain diffusion ecological dredging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104529105B CN104529105B CN201410848481.1A CN201410848481A CN104529105B CN 104529105 B CN104529105 B CN 104529105B CN 201410848481 A CN201410848481 A CN 201410848481A CN 104529105 B CN104529105 B CN 104529105B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of by spatial and temporal scales control carrying out dispensing auxiliary realize low stain diffusion ecological dredging method, its first broadcast sowing bed mud slow release stabilizer enter water body, slow release stabilizer includes component A and B component；The major ingredient of component A is ferric nitrate, aluminum nitrate, and the major ingredient of B component is alkalescent mineral, first component A is put under water during use, once or in batches puts into B component after 0 12 hours, and the major ingredient of component A controls at 1:0.5 1:5 with the weight ratio of the major ingredient of B component；When bed mud reaches steady statue, start suction or excavate bed mud, while suction or excavation bed mud, near construction equipment, in water, broadcasting sowing flocculant, make the mud containing ferro-aluminum colloid flocculate rapidly and be sucked.Compared with prior art, inventive process have the advantage that: 1, occur without obvious float during desilting, bed mud Interstitial Water is purified by big portion, does not easily cause water pollution.And bed mud good stability after desilting and comparatively dense, it is more easy to dispose.2, use the method cost without substantially rising.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water body desilting field, be specifically related to the ecological dredging method of a kind of low stain diffusion.
Background technology
Main flow dredging method has mining method, the big class of suction method two at present, jointly there is problems of desilting
Journey produces significantly to be polluted, and is embodied in:
A, the diffusion of particle.Desilting disturbance causes mud scum and stiff mud to be risen to surrounding spreading, make
Water body recovery technology is become to pollute.
B, the diffusion of solable matter.Desilting perturbation process mud Diffusion of interstitial water, causes water nutrition
Salt, COD, other harmful substances pollute.
Pollute for minimizing desilting and method desilting that cofferdam segmentation dispose is usually taken at present, but large-scale shallow water
Lake and hydrology complex region, that functional waters (such as transport, culture zone) cofferdam arranges difficulty is big,
And cofferdam method typically can only to reduce float excessive, it is impossible to effectively reduce mud Interstitial Water and pollute.
It addition, the mud that suction comes up often uses aluminum sulfate and polyacrylamide, make sludge flocculation also
By part phosphorus ligands in Interstitial Water, this technique is abroad and domestic Erhai, Dian Chi etc. are the most all promoted
Use.So simple modifications thinking of traditional theory should be: while desilting, respectively with two
Pipe injects aluminium ion and polyacrylamide, makes float in bed mud suction mining process be flocculated, with
Time mud Interstitial Water in phosphorus be captured.So can obvious Optimizing construction technique, reduce bed mud and hang again
Floating and bed mud Interstitial Water is discharged.
But, there are the following problems for the method:
1, after aluminum sulfate enters water body hydrolysis, part aluminium ion and major part sulfate radical dissolve in water body, meeting
Form new ecological hazard.
2, the part that ecological hazard is bigger is had by Interstitial Water: titanium pigment and Phosphate Sorption, hydrogen sulfide,
Soluble nitrogen, complexing heavy metal, dissolved organic matter such as humic acid etc., use aluminum sulfate only to play phosphorus
Removal effect.Remaining species especially hydrogen sulfide etc. are huge to the harm of aqueous bio especially Fish.
Coexist into water if 3 the method are improved to ferro-aluminum ion further, be to remove sulfur in water body
Change hydrogen, but product Iron sulfuret. and sulfur are difficult to be flocculated by polyacrylamide, equally spread water body.
Based on above-mentioned analysis, it is necessary to realize ecology desilting by a kind of brand-new thinking, its requirement is:
Dispensing is omnidistance endangers the least or even non-hazardous to water body；Easily operate and can effectively prevent bed mud from hanging again
Floating；Can effectively prevent most bed mud Interstitial Water pollutant from entering water body.
To this, applicant thinks: ecological dredging should be divided into two steps to carry out from time scale:
1, the rapid stabilization step of bed mud Interstitial Water pollutant.Need emphatically to solve reaction fix and add
Enter the mass transfer of thing.
2, flocculation step.
Based on above-mentioned theory, applicant carries out in-depth study to ecological dredging, then has this case to produce.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide and a kind of realize low dirt by the spatial and temporal scales auxiliary that controls to carry out to offer medicine
The ecological dredging method of dye diffusion, its dispensing is omnidistance endangers the least or even non-hazardous to water body；Easily behaviour
Make and can effectively prevent sediments re-suspension；And can effectively prevent most bed mud Interstitial Water from polluting
Thing enters water body.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of by spatial and temporal scales control carrying out dispensing auxiliary realize low stain diffusion ecological dredging side
Method, is achieved by the steps of:
S1: the slow release stabilizer broadcasting sowing bed mud enters water body；
This slow release stabilizer includes component A and B component；Wherein:
Component A includes major ingredient and adjuvant, and major ingredient is that ferric nitrate, aluminum nitrate are according to 10:1-10:100 weight
The mixture of ratio, adjuvant is heavy ore in sand form and embedding shell, ferric nitrate, aluminum nitrate and heavy ore in sand form
Mix, be embedded in embedding shell；
B component includes major ingredient and adjuvant, and major ingredient is alkalescent mineral, and adjuvant is forming agent, alkalescence ore deposit
Thing and forming agent mix compression molding；
First component A is put under water during use, after 0-12 hour, once or in batches put into B component, A
The major ingredient of component controls at 1:0.5-1:5 with the weight ratio of the major ingredient of B component；
S2: when bed mud reaches steady statue, starts suction or excavates bed mud, at suction or the excavation end
Near construction equipment, in water, broadcast sowing flocculant while mud, make the mud containing ferro-aluminum colloid rapid
Flocculation is sucked.
Above-mentioned embedding shell is bentonite shell.
Above-mentioned heavy ore in sand form is 5:1-1:1 with the weight ratio of the major ingredient of component A.
White clouds soil that above-mentioned alkalescent mineral uses weight ratio to be 100:5-100:200, magnesite sheet and light
Burned magnesium oxide sheet.
Above-mentioned forming agent is bentonite slurry, and the consumption of bentonite slurry is the weight of alkalescent mineral
1%-5%.
From time scale, hydrogen sulfide, P elements removal etc. are moment reactions, ammonia nitrogen, complexation weight
It is biological long response time that metal and Organic substance decompose, therefore can be according to pollution situation and the hydrology shape when desilting
Condition selects time scale, but there is not emergency or current bed mud changes frequently under situation, closes
The full time scale fixed-contamination thing of suitable selection is more particularly suitable.
In terms of space scale, it is necessary to the oxidant such as nitrate anion gentle to microorganism was controlled the end of at as far as possible
To avoid diffusion in mud, after ferrum, aluminium ion need to be diffused into whole sediment layer, be strictly suppressed in into
Entering the interface of water body, remaining species is all unrestricted, therefore at dosage component because responding thing existence
Need during design can accurately control its spatial distribution.Iron ion is originally as oxidant, and iron and aluminum ions is the easiest
Hydrolysis is hydroxide colloid flocculation bed mud, therefore focuses on controlling the spilling of nitrate anion as far as possible.
Other mild oxidizing agents such as calper calcium peroxide, Magnesium dioxide price are higher and poor to microorganism affinity one
As do not use, adsorb the most by force though nitrate anion etc. is had by brucite mineral substance, quaternary ammonium modified clay mineral etc.
Ability, but the higher not use of price, in view of the bio-toxicity of nitrate anion is less, the inventive method pair
Its flyway controls to be omitted.
After using such scheme, the inventive method adds heavy ore in sand form in the major ingredient of component A, it is ensured that
Nitrate sinks to bed mud Mud Layer, and the major ingredient and heavy ore in sand form to component A embeds, it is to avoid its
Water body just dissolves.Rely on bed mud hinders the suppression outer adding medicine destruction to water body, controls simultaneously
The consumption of nitrate is unlikely to obvious excess.Component A is gradually dissolved after entering bed mud, acts primarily as the end of
Mud atmosphere is rapidly converted into oxidizing atmosphere, suppression methane and the generation of hydrogen sulfide gas, makes ammonia nitrogen because of nitre
Change denitrification behavior is gradually decomposed, remaining hydrogen sulfide is converted into Iron sulfuret. granular absorption by rapid oxidation
On bed mud, bed mud aerobic microbiological Fast-propagation with improvement bed mud environment, major part phosphorus by ferro-aluminum from
The Organic substances such as son is fixing, humic acid and sediment particles are flocculated by aluminium ion.Alkalescence ore deposit in B component
Thing catches heavy metal, phosphorus, organic acid etc. for the pH value after neutralizing component A dispensing, absorption.
Scatter to make B component sink to bed mud surface row again, it is to avoid suspended solid pollutant water body, side of the present invention
Alkalescent mineral and forming agent are mixed compression molding by method.
Compared with prior art, inventive process have the advantage that:
1, occurring without obvious float during desilting, bed mud Interstitial Water is purified by big portion, does not easily cause water
Body pollution.And bed mud good stability after desilting and comparatively dense, it is more easy to dispose.
2, use the method cost without substantially rising, relative to the most cheap suction desilting technique 20 yuan/
For the cost (disregarding stacking) of ton, the total addition of usual additive (the slow release stabilizer of bed mud)
Only within 1%, and mud scum volume generally compresses more than 50%, and cost increase is inconspicuous even to be declined.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is a kind of to be controlled carrying out offeing medicine assisting to realize the ecology that low stain spreads by spatial and temporal scales
Dredging method, is achieved by the steps of:
S1: the slow release stabilizer broadcasting sowing bed mud enters water body；
This slow release stabilizer includes component A and B component；Wherein:
Component A includes major ingredient and adjuvant, and major ingredient is that ferric nitrate, aluminum nitrate are according to 10:1-10:100 weight
The mixture of ratio, adjuvant is heavy ore in sand form and embedding shell, the major ingredient of heavy ore in sand form and component A
Weight ratio is 5:1-1:1；Embedding shell uses bentonite shell；Ferric nitrate, aluminum nitrate and heavy ore in sand form
Mix, got up by cheap bentonite embedding；
B component includes major ingredient and adjuvant, and major ingredient is alkalescent mineral, and adjuvant is bentonite slurry；Weak base
Property mineral typically with white clouds soil (calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate composite natral mineral, be usually used in ceramic industry,
Use cheap mine tailing powder, tens yuan/ton) and magnesite be main, urgent regulation pH value or
Bed mud Interstitial Water phosphorus nitrogen heavy metals etc. also use slightly expensive light calcined magnesia (500 yuan/ton of left sides time more
Right) etc. material；The white clouds soil that typically weight ratio can be used to be 100:5-100:200, magnesite sheet and light
The mixture of burned magnesium oxide sheet.
Alkalescent mineral and bentonite slurry mix compression molding, and the consumption of bentonite slurry is weak base
The 1%-5% of the weight of property mineral；The purpose of tabletting is to make B component sink to bed mud surface row again to scatter,
Avoid suspended solid pollutant water body.
First component A is put under water during use, after 0-12 hour, once or in batches put into B component, A
The major ingredient of component controls at 1:0.5-1:5 with the weight ratio of the major ingredient of B component；
S2: generally after the slow release stabilizer a couple of days broadcasting sowing bed mud, bed mud reaches steady statue (the i.e. end
Mud is transferred to Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt by black, and bed mud volume substantially compresses and be difficult to settling flux, takes out without obvious stink)
Time, suction can be started or excavate bed mud, at mining head or mud while suction or excavation bed mud
Flocculant (polyacrylamide or PDDA water-soluble is broadcasted sowing near pump in water
Liquid), make the mud containing ferro-aluminum colloid flocculate rapidly and be sucked.Generally flocculant is because of brand and model difference
It is difficult to fixing consumption.Universal experience adjusts consumption.
Test example one:
In the Plastic Drum that two volumes are 200 liters, place heavily contaminated river bottom mud respectively with mud scum about
Two Plastic Drums are denoted as blank group and test group by 30 centimeters of thickness, static 1 month.Blank group
Directly use scoop to excavate desilting, find that water body is the most muddy, static rear COD, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus, outstanding
The indices such as float, heavy metal is the most seriously more than 5 class waters standard.Experimental group is according to mud dry weight
0.4% first throws in component A (wherein ferric nitrate: the weight ratio of aluminum nitrate is 1:1), and this component A sinks to
Under mud scum.Then in 0.5-6 hour, the B component of mud weight 0.3% is thrown in several times (wherein,
White clouds soil: the weight ratio of light calcined magnesia is 10:1), B component is scattered in mud scum.Water body PH with
Track is all between 6-9, harmless to biology.After 7 days, the sampling of bed mud depths finds to become completely ash from black
Color, bed mud volume substantially compresses, and now limit is by the plastic tube dropping 0.2% (matter being bundled on scoop
Amount percent concentration) polyacrylamide solution, while excavate desilting with scoop, find that water body muddiness is failed to understand
Aobvious.Static rear COD declines 76%, and ammonia nitrogen declines 40%, and phosphorus declines 92%, and manganese, zinc, cadmium etc. refer to
Indicate aobvious reduction.But copper ion concentration has raised, reasonably explanation is the copper sulfide that dissolubility is extremely low
Oxidizing atmosphere is dissolved.Reasonably solution is according to circumstances to introduce heavy metal chelant such as
DTCR etc. carry out auxiliary catch heavy metal.Being routine techniques owing to using DTCR, the application is not
Protection.
Test example two:
Using Polypropylence Sheet to arrange cofferdam to cross two pieces of regions carry out pilot scale in fish culture pond, one piece be sky
White group, another block is experimental group, using sludge pump as desilting equipment, mud scum thickness about about 30 centimeters.
Discovery water quality slight haziness when blank group takes out mud, but static rear water body COD, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus, colourity etc.
Indices, the most seriously more than 5 class waters standard, should be bed mud Diffusion of interstitial water and pollutes.Experimental group is pressed
Component A (wherein, ferric nitrate: the weight ratio of aluminum nitrate is 2:1) is put into according to 0.5 kilogram every square metre,
(rotten useless light calcined magnesia is taken from magnesite tile and is produced to put into whole B component 0.5 kilogram after 1 hour
Factory, wherein the part by weight of magnesium carbonate and light calcined magnesia is about at about 2:1).Water PH value is followed the tracks of
Between 7-9, after 15 days, the sampling discovery of bed mud depths becomes Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt, and volume substantially compresses.Now limit
By the polyacrylamide solution of plastic tube dropping 0.2% (mass percent concentration), use mud simultaneously
Pumping mud, finds that water body muddiness is inconspicuous, and static rear discovery water body meets 5 class standards in addition to ammonia nitrogen.
Ammonia nitrogen declines 73%.It is to lack heavy metal suppression that ammonia nitrogen declines obvious reasonable dismissal, and for aoxidizing
In the case of atmosphere, the behavior of microorganism nitration denitrification is substantially strengthened.
Claims (5)
1. one kind controls carrying out offeing medicine assisting to realize the ecological dredging that low stain spreads by spatial and temporal scales
Method, it is characterised in that: it is achieved by the steps of:
S1: the slow release stabilizer broadcasting sowing bed mud enters water body；
This slow release stabilizer includes component A and B component；Wherein:
Component A includes major ingredient and adjuvant, and major ingredient is that ferric nitrate, aluminum nitrate are according to 10:1-10:100 weight
The mixture of ratio, adjuvant is heavy ore in sand form and embedding shell, ferric nitrate, aluminum nitrate and heavy ore in sand form
Mix, be embedded in embedding shell；
B component includes major ingredient and adjuvant, and major ingredient is alkalescent mineral, and adjuvant is forming agent, alkalescence ore deposit
Thing and forming agent mix compression molding；
First component A is put under water during use, after 0-12 hour, once or in batches put into B component, A
The major ingredient of component controls at 1:0.5-1:5 with the weight ratio of the major ingredient of B component；
S2: when bed mud reaches steady statue, starts suction or excavates bed mud, at suction or the excavation end
Near construction equipment, in water, broadcast sowing flocculant while mud, make the mud containing ferro-aluminum colloid rapid
Flocculation is sucked.
One the most according to claim 1 controls to carry out dispensing auxiliary by spatial and temporal scales and realizes
The ecological dredging method of low stain diffusion, it is characterised in that: above-mentioned embedding shell is bentonite shell.
One the most according to claim 1 controls to carry out dispensing auxiliary by spatial and temporal scales and realizes
The ecological dredging method of low stain diffusion, it is characterised in that: above-mentioned heavy ore in sand form and the major ingredient of component A
Weight ratio be 5:1-1:1.
One the most according to claim 1 controls to carry out dispensing auxiliary by spatial and temporal scales and realizes
The ecological dredging method of low stain diffusion, it is characterised in that: above-mentioned alkalescent mineral employing weight ratio is
White clouds soil, magnesite sheet and the light calcined magnesia sheet of 100:5-100:200.
One the most according to claim 1 controls to carry out dispensing auxiliary by spatial and temporal scales and realizes
The ecological dredging method of low stain diffusion, it is characterised in that: above-mentioned forming agent is bentonite slurry, swelling
The consumption of soil paste is the 1%-5% of the weight of alkalescent mineral.
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| CN201410848481.1A CN104529105B (en) | 2014-12-31 | 2014-12-31 | A kind of by spatial and temporal scales control carrying out dispensing auxiliary realize low stain diffusion ecological dredging method |
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| CN101786713B (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2012-01-11 | 泉州师范学院 | Emergency restoring process for pollution of water body, substrate sludge and tidal flat by heavy metal |
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