CN104513931A - Cold heading steel, cold heading steel ladle furnace refining process, and cold heading steel production process - Google Patents
Cold heading steel, cold heading steel ladle furnace refining process, and cold heading steel production process Download PDFInfo
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- CN104513931A CN104513931A CN201310460358.8A CN201310460358A CN104513931A CN 104513931 A CN104513931 A CN 104513931A CN 201310460358 A CN201310460358 A CN 201310460358A CN 104513931 A CN104513931 A CN 104513931A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/5211—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an alternating current [AC] electric arc furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/111—Treating the molten metal by using protecting powders
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The present invention provides a cold heading steel, a cold heading steel ladle furnace refining process and a cold heading steel production process. The cold heading steel comprises the following chemical components by weight: 0.19-0.22% of C, less than or equal to 0.10% of Si, 0.75-0.90% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.025% of P, less than or equal to 0.030% of S, more than or equal to 0.02% of AlT, less than or equal to 0.20% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.20% of Ni, less than or equal to 0.20% of Cu, and the balance of Fe. According to the present invention, in the cold heading steel production process, application of aluminum to carry out deep deoxidation, silicon calcium wire feeding, immersion type nozzle application and other steps are adopted, such that the internal components of the produced cold heading steel are reasonably matched, and especially the combination of the C with the content of 0.19-0.22% and the Si with the content of less than or equal to 0.10% makes the cold heading steel meet strength, toughness and other comprehensive mechanical properties, such that the workability of the cold heading steel at a room temperature is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the ladle furnace refining technology and production technique of a kind of cold heading steel, cold heading steel, belong to smelting iron and steel technical field.
Background technology
Cold heading steel is generally low, middle carbon carbon constructional quality steel and high-quality alloy steel, is used for the various mechanical standard parts of cold-heading molding and fastening piece.Cold heading steel Plastic Deformation is good, is used for the standardized component that production interchangeability is higher, as the component of the fastening pieces such as bolt, nut, screw, rivet, tapping screw and cold-heading molding.Along with a large amount of uses of fastening piece, cold heading steel market demand constantly increases, and the cold heading steel demand that only China is current has reached more than 1,000 ten thousand tons.
The key that cold heading steel is smelted is the purity improving molten steel, reduces non-metallic inclusion and the pollution level of molten steel.The cold heading steel smelting technology of domestic and international employing has two kinds, a kind of is at present by converter smelting cold heading steel technique that Ge great producer generally adopts, as Ma Gang: aluminium-cogging-Gao line fed by converter-LF-crystallizer, Wuhan Iron and Steel Plant: converter-Argon-LF-billet continuous casting-Gao line, Anshan iron and steel plant: converter-LF-billet continuous casting-Gao line, Shoudu Iron and Steel Co: converter-LF-billet continuous casting-Gao line-stelmor control is cold, another kind adopts less electrosmelting cold heading steel technique at present, (for low charcoal cold heading steel) electric furnace smelting process adopts less mainly because be difficult to control silicon and foreign matter content in molten steel in smelting process, subsequent fine sweetening process and continuous casting process are difficult to carry out Reasonable adjustment to the silicon in molten steel and foreign matter content, by making, silicone content and foreign matter content in the steel of output are higher, and silicone content is the intensity of cold heading steel in steel, hardness, the key influencing factor of plasticity and toughness, the cold heading steel produced by electrosmelting at normal temperatures processability is poor, but it is well-known, deflection large (60%-70%) in cold heading steel following process process, Deformation velocity is fast, it requires high especially to processability under normal temperature.In actual production, general producer is difficult to be matched with electric furnace smelting process by subsequent fine sweetening process and continuous casting process, come silicon and foreign matter content in Reasonable Regulation And Control molten steel, thus the problem that the normal temperature processing characteristics that well cannot solve the cold heading steel gone out through electrosmelting is low, in addition, while regulation and control silicon and foreign matter content, also impact is had to other composition in molten steel, thus affects the comprehensive mechanical property of cold heading steel finished product.
Therefore, how to carry out Reasonable Regulation And Control to the production technique of cold heading steel for electric furnace smelting process, making cold heading steel have good normal temperature processing characteristics and mechanical property, is the technical barrier that prior art does not also solve.
Summary of the invention
For this reason, the cold heading steel that technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome electrosmelting output in prior art cannot meet the technological deficiency of normal temperature processing characteristics and mechanical use properties simultaneously, thus provides a kind of cold heading steel that simultaneously can meet normal temperature processing characteristics and mechanical use properties.
The cold heading steel that another technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome electrosmelting output in prior art cannot meet the technological deficiency of normal temperature processing characteristics and mechanical use properties simultaneously, thus provide one can match with electric furnace smelting process, and then by the ladle furnace refining technique of the cold heading steel that the regulation and control of process and composition improved to cold heading steel normal temperature processing characteristics and mechanical use properties.
The cold heading steel that another technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome electrosmelting output in prior art cannot meet the technological deficiency of normal temperature processing characteristics and mechanical use properties simultaneously, thus provide one can match with electric furnace smelting process, and then by the production technique of the cold heading steel that the regulation and control of process and composition improved to cold heading steel normal temperature processing characteristics and mechanical use properties.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is a kind of cold heading steel, comprises the chemical composition of following weight percent: C:0.18-0.23%, Si≤0.10%, Mn:0.70-1.00%, P≤0.030%, Al
t>=0.02%, S≤0.035%, all the other are Fe.
Produce a ladle furnace refining technique for this cold heading steel, in described ladle furnace refining technique early stage, adopt aluminium to carry out degree of depth deoxidation, and disposablely add aluminium consumption, ensure that terminal Holo-Al content is more than 0.02%, then adds iron alloy, prevent slag of tapping.
Produce a ladle furnace refining technique for this cold heading steel, adopt lime etc. to make white slag, after white slag is made, make described white slag keep being no less than 20 minutes under flow state.
Produce a ladle furnace refining technique for this cold heading steel, determine the silico-calcium filament length degree of feeding according to silicon content in molten steel, after feeding silk, carry out soft blow argon 5 minutes.
Produce a ladle furnace refining technique for this cold heading steel, the superheating temperature of molten steel controls between 30-35 DEG C.
Produce a ladle furnace refining technique for this cold heading steel, the weight percent of the chemical composition from this technique molten steel is out controlled as follows: C:0.19-0.22%, Si≤0.10%, Mn:0.75-0.90%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.025%, Al
t>=0.02%, Cr, Ni, Cu are respectively≤0.20%.
Comprise a production technique for the cold heading steel of above-mentioned ladle furnace refining technique, also comprise the continuous casting process after being positioned at electric furnace smelting process before ladle furnace smelting technology and being positioned at ladle furnace smelting technology.
A kind of production technique comprising the cold heading steel of above-mentioned ladle furnace refining technique, described electric furnace is 100 tons of electric furnaces, described electrosmelting technique specifically comprises batching step, for the first time addition step, energizing step and second time addition step, electrosmelting is made to reach red packet tapping by the cooperation between above-mentioned steps, ladle temperature is kept to be greater than 1000 DEG C, tapping temperature controls between 1600-1630 DEG C, endpoint carbon content >=0.06%.
Comprise a production technique for the cold heading steel of above-mentioned ladle furnace refining technique, in described batching step, in described 100 tons of electric furnaces, add 15-45 ton molten iron, then allocate steel scrap amount into according to added iron water amount, in described steel scrap, the content of copper is less than 0.22%.
Comprise a production technique for the cold heading steel of above-mentioned ladle furnace refining technique, after described batching step, carry out first time feed in raw material, in described 100 tons of electric furnaces, add the steel scrap of 30-50 ton or the mixture of steel scrap and the pig iron.
A kind of production technique comprising the cold heading steel of above-mentioned ladle furnace refining technique, after described first time addition step, start to be energized to electric furnace, 33000-47000kw power power transmission is adopted at steel scrap and molten iron is melting stage, start by 65000-75000kw power power transmission after 1.5 minutes, when described 100 tons of electric furnace energy consumptions reach 250kwh/t, stop powering to described 100 tons of electric furnaces.
A kind of production technique comprising the cold heading steel of above-mentioned ladle furnace refining technique, within the described fusion stage, when described 100 tons of furnace power consumption reach 130kwh/t, or when the steel scrap in described 100 tons of electric stove door districts is rubescent and when having molten bath to be formed, adopt carbon-oxygen gun to carry out steel scrap cutting fluxing operations, and spray into carbon dust with per minute 10-20kg speed discontinuously in described cutting operation process.
Comprise a production technique for the cold heading steel of above-mentioned ladle furnace refining technique, within the described fusion stage, add in described 100 tons of ladles for the lime of desulfurization, fluorite as slag making materials.
Comprise a production technique for the cold heading steel of above-mentioned ladle furnace refining technique, carry out oxygen blast operation in the latter stage of described fusion stage, ensure 2500-4000Nm per hour
3oxygen flow, oxygen is voltage-controlled is made as 0.9-1.5Mpa, when described 100 tons of electric furnace energy consumptions reach 250kwh/t, stop oxygen blast.
Comprise a production technique for the cold heading steel of above-mentioned ladle furnace refining technique, while carrying out described oxygen blast operation, in described 100 tons of electric furnaces, spray into carbon dust with the speed of per minute 10-60kg, and carry out submerged-arc smelting after having made foamy slag.
A kind of production technique comprising the cold heading steel of above-mentioned ladle furnace refining technique, after described energizing step, start second time and feed in raw material, in described 100 tons of electric furnaces, add the steel scrap of 25-45 ton, again described 100 tons of electric furnaces are energized, and keep 75000-77800kw to power until the fusion stage terminates.
A kind of production technique comprising the cold heading steel of above-mentioned ladle furnace refining technique; it is characterized in that; in described continuous casting process; adopt submerged nozzle that the molten steel by described ladle furnace refining technique output is introduced tundish; and the molten steel in tundish is introduced crystallizer, described tundish, adopt argon to seal between crystallizer and described submerged nozzle to protect.
Comprise a production technique for the cold heading steel of above-mentioned ladle furnace refining technique, in described crystallizer, adopt the crystallizer protecting residue that composition is following: R:0.86%, SiO
2: 29.5%, CaO:25.5%, Al
2o
3: 10%, Fe
2o
3: 3%, MgO<3%, F:6%, R
2o:4%, C
gu: 16%.
Comprise a production technique for the cold heading steel of above-mentioned ladle furnace refining technique, described crystallizer discharge is per minute 2400-2500 liter, and described crystallizer adopts the induction stirring of frequency 5Hz, electric current 380A.
Comprise a production technique for the cold heading steel of above-mentioned ladle furnace refining technique, in described continuous casting step, control liquid steel temperature at 1536-1571 DEG C, and adopt the pulling rate of per minute 1.5-1.0 rice.
Technique scheme of the present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology:
1. cold heading steel provided by the invention, the weight percent of its chemical composition is: C:0.18-0.23%, Si≤0.10%, Mn:0.70-1.00%, P≤0.030%, S≤0.035%, Al
t>=0.02%, Cr, Ni, Cu are respectively≤0.20%, all the other are Fe, said components rational Match, especially the combination of C:0.19-0.22% and Si≤0.10% two-component content makes this cold heading steel meet the requirement of the comprehensive mechanical property such as intensity, toughness, thus processability is better at normal temperatures to make this cold heading steel.
2. ladle furnace refining technique of producing for cold heading steel provided by the invention, adopt aluminium deoxidation, and according to the content of end point carbon after electrosmelting step and cold heading steel to the requirement of dissolved aluminum, disposablely add aluminium consumption, ensure that terminal Holo-Al content is more than 0.02%, then adds iron alloy, prevent slag of tapping, in this technique, can realize the degree of depth deoxidation by the molten steel entered after electrosmelting in this processing step, to make the cleanliness factor of molten steel higher by the disposable aluminium that adds; Meanwhile, adopt the disposable aluminium that adds to carry out degree of depth deoxidation and also help reduction silicone content, be conducive to processability under the normal temperature of final cold heading steel product; In addition, by ensureing that the full aluminium of terminal meets the national standard for cold heading steel more than 0.02%; After employing aluminium carries out degree of depth deoxidation, add iron alloy to finely tune molten steel component, and prevent slag of tapping, the silicon avoided in slag increases silicone content after entering molten steel.
3. ladle furnace refining technique provided by the invention, after adding iron alloy, ensures that ladle furnace basicity of slag is suitable and keeps certain fluidity, make white slag, white slag occurs illustrating that deoxidation is abundant, and described white slag keeps being no less than 20 minutes, ensures deoxidation effect further.
4. ladle furnace refining technique provided by the invention, having made white slag and has ensured that white slag determined feeding 200 meters of silico-calcium filament length degree according to silicon content in molten steel after at least 20 minutes, for adjusting calcium component in molten steel, having avoided causing only having part Al due to hypocalcia
2o
3inclusion modification becomes liquid calcium aluminate or calcium amount too much to cause having solid-state CaS to generate; Cross the form of feeding silico-calcium silk and can improve inclusion; After feeding silk, carry out soft blow argon makes calcium aluminate fully float, and reduces total oxygen content.
5. ladle furnace refining technique provided by the invention, controls out composition of steel: C:0.19-0.22%, Si≤0.10%, Mn:0.75-0.90%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.025%, Al
trespectively≤0.20%, all the other are Fe for>=0.02%, Cr, Ni, Cu, control in ladle furnace refining technique above-mentioned go out composition of steel, make this composition close to the finished product cold heading steel material component required, to reduce the processing requirement of follow-up continuous casting process on composition adjustment, make integrated artistic be convenient to realize.
6. the cold heading steel production technique comprising electrosmelting step, ladle furnace refining step and continuous casting step provided by the invention; adopt submerged nozzle that the molten steel by described ladle furnace refining technique output is introduced tundish; and the molten steel in tundish is introduced crystallizer, described tundish, adopt argon to seal between crystallizer and described submerged nozzle to protect.By arranging submerged nozzle and the protection of argon envelope, prevent in the conversion process of integrated artistic step, molten steel is contacted by extraneous oxygen.
7. the production technique of cold heading steel provided by the invention, in continuous casting step, after molten steel enters crystallizer by submerged nozzle, its crystallizer protecting residue adopted has the ability of good absorb inclusion thing, fully can absorb Al
2o
3impurity, can keep good physics and chemistry and use properties again.
8. the production technique of cold heading steel provided by the invention, its crystallizer passes through the induction stirring adopting frequency 5HZ, electric current 380A, for controlling surface quality and the interior tissue of this cold heading steel.
9. the production technique of cold heading steel provided by the invention, in continuous casting process, temperature controls at 1536-1571 DEG C, pulling rate is per minute 1.5-1.0 rice, the cold heading performance of high pulling rate to cold heading steel is unfavorable, and the setting of this pulling rate had both ensured cold heading performance, in turn ensure that the production efficiency of cold heading steel.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of ladle furnace refining technique of producing for cold heading steel, in described ladle furnace refining technique in earlier stage, aluminium is adopted to carry out degree of depth deoxidation, according to endpoint carbon content in molten steel temperature, stove in ladle furnace and cold heading steel to the requirement of dissolved aluminum, disposablely add aluminium consumption 150-200kg, and ensure that terminal Holo-Al content is more than 0.02%, disposable add aluminium after add iron alloy, prevent tap slag.
Add aluminium consumption by disposable, the degree of depth deoxidation to molten steel in ladle furnace can be realized, to reach the requirement of cleanliness factor, form and the distribution of inclusion can also be improved; Further, in described ladle furnace, the disposable aluminium that adds can reduce silicone content in stove in molten steel, to make in silicone content Kong ≤0.10% scope, is conducive to improving processability under the normal temperature of final cold heading steel product; In addition, after employing aluminium carries out degree of depth deoxidation, add iron alloy to finely tune molten steel component.In the process that described ladle furnace is tapped, strict control prevents slag of tapping, and avoids after slag enters molten steel and improves silicone content, and now if there is slag, so enters by slag the silicone content lifting caused and be then difficult to be removed again.
In described ladle furnace refining technique, adopt lime etc. to make white slag, after white slag is made, keep described white slag to be no less than 20 minutes under flow state.Can be improved the deoxidation effect of molten steel by the operation of this step, it is abundant that white slag makes molten steel deoxidation in all right open oven, keeps white slag to be no less than 20 minutes and then further ensure deoxidation effect.
In described ladle furnace refining technique, the silico-calcium filament length degree of feeding is determined according to molten steel silicon content, after feeding silk, carry out soft blow argon gas 5 minutes, when it should be noted that and feed silk, should feeding wire speed be improved, improve the depth of penetration that feeding wire speed can increase silico-calcium silk, calcium is melted in darker molten steel, both can to have controlled in stove calcium contents in molten steel by feeding silico-calcium silk, inclusion content in melting steel form can also be improved.
In described ladle furnace refining technique, the superheating temperature of molten steel should be controlled between 30-35 DEG C.
By controlling the entirety of ladle furnace refining technique, make the weight percent of the chemical composition from described ladle furnace refining technique molten steel out as follows: C:0.19%, Si:0.08%, Mn:0.86%, P:0.019%, S :≤0.016%, Al
t: 0.023%, Cr:0.06%, Ni:0.04%, Cu:0.13%.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of cold heading steel production technique adopting ladle furnace refining technique described in embodiment 1, and described cold heading steel production technique also comprises the electrosmelting step be positioned at before described ladle furnace refining step and the continuous casting step be positioned at after described ladle furnace refining.
Described electric furnace is 100 tons of electric furnaces, and described electrosmelting technique specifically comprises batching step, for the first time addition step, energizing step and second time addition step.Wherein,
In described batching step, hot metal charging 15 tons in described 100 tons of electric furnaces, then allocate steel scrap amount into according to added iron water amount, in described steel scrap, the content of copper is 0.22%.
After described batching step, carry out first time feed in raw material, in described 100 tons of electric furnaces, add the steel scrap of 50 tons and the mixture of the pig iron.
Start to be energized to electric furnace after described first time addition step, 33000kw small power power transmission is adopted at steel scrap and molten iron is melting stage, adopt 65000kw power power transmission after 1.5 minutes, when described 100 tons of electric furnace energy consumptions reach about 250kwh/t, stop powering to described 100 tons of electric furnaces.
After above-mentioned electric furnace energizing step, carry out second time feed in raw material, in described 100 tons of electric furnaces, add the steel scrap of 45 tons, and again described 100 tons of electric furnaces are energized, and keep maximum allowable power to power until melting period terminates.
Within the described fusion stage, when described 100 tons of furnace power consumption reach 130kwh/t, adopt carbon-oxygen gun to carry out steel scrap cutting fluxing operations, and spray into carbon dust with per minute 20kg speed discontinuously in described cutting operation process.
Within the described fusion stage, add in described 100 tons of electric furnaces for the lime of desulfurization, fluorite as slag making materials; Carry out oxygen blast operation in the latter stage of described fusion stage, ensure 2500Nm per hour
3oxygen flow, oxygen is voltage-controlled is made as 0.9Mpa, when described 100 tons of electric furnace energy consumptions reach about 250kwh/t, stop oxygen blast; While carrying out described oxygen blast operation, in described 100 tons of electric furnaces, spray into carbon dust with the speed of per minute 20kg, and carry out submerged-arc smelting after having made foamy slag.
After above-mentioned steps terminates, adopt red packet tapping, keep ladle temperature to be greater than 1000 DEG C, and confirm that gas permeable brick is ventilative good, tapping temperature controls at 1600 DEG C, endpoint carbon content 0.06%.
After above-mentioned electrosmelting step, ladle furnace is introduced by from electrosmelting step molten steel out, carry out the ladle furnace refining technique described in embodiment 1, it should be noted that, in the present embodiment, feed silico-calcium filament length degree 200 meters, should control at 30 DEG C to the superheating temperature of molten steel, after described ladle furnace refining technique, the weight percent of the chemical composition of this technique molten steel is out controlled as follows: C:0.21%, Si:0.09%, Mn:0.90%, P:0.021%, S:0.017%, Al
t: 0.026%, Cr:0.08%, Ni:0.06%, Cu:0.18%.
After ladle furnace refining technique, carry out continuous casting step, wherein,
Adopt aluminum-carbon long runner, as submerged nozzle, the molten steel of the mentioned component by described ladle furnace refining technique output is introduced tundish; and the molten steel in tundish is introduced crystallizer, described tundish, adopt argon to seal between crystallizer and described submerged nozzle to protect.
Adopt crystallizer mould flux, described covering slag has the ability of good absorb inclusion thing, fully can absorb Al
2o
3be mingled with, can keep good physics and chemistry and use properties again, its concrete composition is as follows: R:0.86%, SiO
2: 29.5%, CaO:25.5%, Al
2o
3: 10%, Fe
2o
3: 3%, MgO:2%, F:6%, R
2o:4%, C
gu: 16%.
Described crystallizer discharge is per minute 2400 liters, and described crystallizer adopts the induction stirring of frequency 5Hz, electric current 380A, and described induction stirring is for improving surface quality and interior tissue.
Control liquid steel temperature at 1536 DEG C, and adopt per minute 1.47 meters of pulling rates, this step avoids and that cause Al too high due to pulling rate by controlling pulling rate
2o
3inclusion is difficult to the defect floated, and namely high pulling rate is very unfavorable to the cold heading performance of cold heading steel.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of cold heading steel production technique adopting ladle furnace refining technique described in embodiment 1, and described cold heading steel production technique also comprises the electrosmelting step be positioned at before described ladle furnace refining step and the continuous casting step be positioned at after described ladle furnace refining.
Described electric furnace is 100 tons of electric furnaces, and described electrosmelting technique specifically comprises batching step, for the first time addition step, energizing step and second time addition step.Wherein,
In described batching step, hot metal charging 45 tons in described 100 tons of electric furnaces, then allocate steel scrap amount into according to added iron water amount, in described steel scrap, the content of copper is 0.20%.
After described batching step, carry out first time feed in raw material, in described 100 tons of electric furnaces, add the steel scrap of 40 tons.
Start to be energized to electric furnace after described first time addition step, 47000kw power power transmission is adopted at steel scrap and molten iron is melting stage, start after 1.5 minutes, by 75000kw full power power transmission, when described 100 tons of electric furnace energy consumptions reach about 200kwh/t, to stop powering to described 100 tons of electric furnaces.
After above-mentioned electric furnace energizing step, carry out second time feed in raw material, in described 100 tons of electric furnaces, add the steel scrap of 25 tons, and again described 100 tons of electric furnaces are energized, and keep 77800kw power to power until melting period terminates.
Within the described fusion stage, when the steel scrap in described 100 tons of electric stove door districts is rubescent and when having molten bath to be formed, adopt carbon-oxygen gun to carry out steel scrap cutting fluxing operations, and spray into carbon dust with per minute 20kg speed discontinuously in described cutting operation process.
Within the described fusion stage, add in described 100 tons of electric furnaces for the lime of desulfurization, fluorite as slag making materials; Carry out oxygen blast operation in the latter stage of described fusion stage, ensure 4000Nm per hour
3oxygen flow, oxygen is voltage-controlled is made as 1.5Mpa, when described 100 tons of electric furnace energy consumptions reach about 250kwh/t, stop oxygen blast; While carrying out described oxygen blast operation, in described 100 tons of electric furnaces, spray into carbon dust with the speed of per minute 25kg, and carry out submerged-arc smelting after having made foamy slag.
After above-mentioned steps terminates, adopt red packet tapping, keep ladle temperature to be greater than 1000 DEG C, and confirm that gas permeable brick is ventilative good, tapping temperature controls at 1600 DEG C, endpoint carbon content 0.06%.
After above-mentioned electrosmelting step, ladle furnace is introduced by from electrosmelting step molten steel out, carry out the ladle furnace refining technique described in embodiment 1, it should be noted that, in the present embodiment, feed silico-calcium filament length degree 200 meters, should control at 35 DEG C to the superheating temperature of molten steel, after described ladle furnace refining technique, the weight percent of the chemical composition of this technique molten steel is out controlled as follows: C:0.19%, Si:0.07%, Mn:0.75%, P:0.025%, S:0.021%, Al
t: 0.022%, Cr:0.05%, Ni:0.04%, Cu:0.13%.
Continuous casting step is carried out after ladle furnace refining technique, wherein,
Adopt aluminum-carbon long runner, as submerged nozzle, the molten steel of the mentioned component by described ladle furnace refining technique output is introduced tundish; and the molten steel in tundish is introduced crystallizer, described tundish, adopt argon to seal between crystallizer and described submerged nozzle to protect.
Adopt crystallizer mould flux, described covering slag has the ability of good absorb inclusion thing, fully can absorb Al
2o
3be mingled with, can keep good physics and chemistry and use properties again, its concrete composition is as follows: R:0.86%, SiO
2: 29.5%, CaO:25.5%, Al
2o
3: 10%, Fe
2o
3: 3%, MgO:2%, F:6%, R
2o:4%, C
gu: 16%.
Described crystallizer discharge is per minute 2400 liters, and described crystallizer adopts the induction stirring of frequency 5Hz, electric current 380A, and described induction stirring is for improving surface quality and interior tissue.
Control liquid steel temperature at 1571 DEG C, and adopt per minute 1.09 meters of pulling rates, this step avoids and that cause Al too high due to pulling rate by controlling pulling rate
2o
3inclusion is difficult to the defect floated, and namely high pulling rate is very unfavorable to the cold heading performance of cold heading steel.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment provides a kind of cold heading steel production technique adopting ladle furnace refining technique described in embodiment 1, and described cold heading steel production technique also comprises the electrosmelting step be positioned at before described ladle furnace refining step and the continuous casting step be positioned at after described ladle furnace refining.
Described electric furnace is 100 tons of electric furnaces, and described electrosmelting technique specifically comprises batching step, for the first time addition step, energizing step and second time addition step.Wherein,
In described batching step, hot metal charging 35 tons in described 100 tons of electric furnaces, then allocate steel scrap amount into according to added iron water amount, in described steel scrap, the content of copper should be less than 0.18%.
After described batching step, carry out first time feed in raw material, in described 100 tons of electric furnaces, add the mixture of 45 tons of steel scraps and the pig iron.
Start to be energized to electric furnace after described first time addition step, 38000kw power power transmission is adopted at steel scrap and molten iron is melting stage, start after 1.5 minutes, by 70000kw full power power transmission, when described 100 tons of electric furnace energy consumptions reach about 220kwh/t, to stop powering to described 100 tons of electric furnaces.
After above-mentioned electric furnace energizing step, carry out second time feed in raw material, in described 100 tons of electric furnaces, add 30 tons of steel scraps, and again described 100 tons of electric furnaces are energized, and keep maximum allowable power to power until melting period terminates.
Within the described fusion stage, when described 100 tons of furnace power consumption reach 130kwh/t, or when the steel scrap in described 100 tons of electric stove door districts is rubescent and when having molten bath to be formed, adopt carbon-oxygen gun to carry out steel scrap cutting fluxing operations, and spray into carbon dust with per minute 15kg speed discontinuously in described cutting operation process.
In the described fusion stage, add in described 100 tons of electric furnaces for the lime of desulfurization, fluorite as slag making materials; Carry out oxygen blast operation in the latter stage of described fusion stage, ensure 3500Nm per hour
3oxygen flow, oxygen is voltage-controlled is made as 1.2Mpa, when described 100 tons of electric furnace energy consumptions reach about 250kwh/t, stop oxygen blast; While carrying out described oxygen blast operation, in described 100 tons of electric furnaces, spray into carbon dust with the speed of per minute 35kg, and carry out submerged-arc smelting after having made foamy slag.
After above-mentioned steps terminates, adopt red packet tapping, keep ladle temperature to be greater than 1000 DEG C, and confirm that gas permeable brick is ventilative good, tapping temperature controls at 1615 DEG C, endpoint carbon content 0.07%.
Above-mentioned steps terminates the ladle furnace refining technique of rear employing embodiment 1, it should be noted that, in the present embodiment, feed silico-calcium filament length degree 180 meters, should control at 32 DEG C to the superheating temperature of molten steel, after described ladle furnace refining technique, the weight percent of the chemical composition of this technique molten steel out be controlled as follows: C:0.20%, Si:0.09%, Mn:0.80%, P:0.018%, S:0.015%, Al
t: 0.028%, Cr:0.06%, Ni:0.04%, Cu:0.17%.
Continuous casting step is carried out after ladle furnace refining technique, wherein,
Adopt submerged nozzle that the molten steel of the mentioned component by described ladle furnace refining technique output is introduced tundish, and the molten steel in tundish is introduced crystallizer, described tundish, adopt argon to seal between crystallizer and described submerged nozzle to protect.
Described submerged nozzle adopts aluminum-carbon long runner, adopts the protection of argon envelope simultaneously.
Adopt crystallizer mould flux, described covering slag has the ability of good absorb inclusion thing, fully can absorb Al
2o
3be mingled with, can keep good physics and chemistry and use properties again, its concrete composition is as follows: R:0.86%, SiO
2: 29.5%, CaO:25.5%, Al
2o
3: 10%, Fe
2o
3: 3%, MgO:2%, F:6%, R
2o:4%, C are solid: 16%.
Described crystallizer discharge is per minute 2400 liters, and described crystallizer adopts the induction stirring of frequency 5Hz, electric current 380A, and described induction stirring is for improving surface quality and interior tissue.
Control liquid steel temperature at 1550 DEG C, and adopt per minute 1.35 meters of pulling rates, this step avoids and that cause Al too high due to pulling rate by controlling pulling rate
2o
3inclusion is difficult to the defect floated, and namely high pulling rate is very unfavorable to the cold heading performance of cold heading steel.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment provides a kind of cold heading steel production technique of carrying out improving on embodiment 2 basis, in the present embodiment, in electrosmelting step steel scrap melting down after, making foamed slag, carbon-oxygen gun oxygen supply is switched to 4000Nm per hour
3peak flow, carbon dust flow sprays into per minute 10-20kg flow interruption.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment provides a kind of cold heading steel production technique of carrying out improving on embodiment 2 basis, in an embodiment, in electrosmelting step, when liquid steel temperature is lower than 1570 DEG C, continue with power power transmission arbitrary within the scope of 65000-75000kw, when temperature is higher than 1600 DEG C, arbitrary power in 33000-47000kw is adopted to power or power failure operation.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment provides a kind of cold heading steel production technique of carrying out improving on embodiment 2 basis, and in the present embodiment, in electrosmelting step, in molten steel, phosphorus is higher than 0.016%, then stop making foamed slag, should add the slag charges such as appropriate lime, fluorite, use 4000Nm per hour
3the oxygen of large discharge blows deeply.
Embodiment 8
The present embodiment provides a kind of cold heading steel production technique of carrying out improving in embodiment 3, in the present embodiment, in electrosmelting step, when liquid steel temperature is lower than 1570 DEG C, arbitrary power in 7-9 shelves 65000-75000kw can be continued power, if when temperature is higher than 1600 DEG C, then arbitrary power in 33000-47000kw is adopted to power or power failure operation.
Embodiment 9
The present embodiment provides a kind of cold heading steel production technique of carrying out improving in embodiment 3, in the present embodiment, in electrosmelting step, in molten steel phosphorus higher than 0.016% time, then stop making foamed slag, the slag charges such as appropriate lime, fluorite should be added, use 4000Nm per hour
3the oxygen of flow blows deeply.
Embodiment 10
The present embodiment provides a kind of and carries out in the cold heading steel production technique the present embodiment improved on embodiment 3 basis, and in electrosmelting step, after steel scrap is melting down, making foamed slag, carbon-oxygen gun oxygen supply will be switched to 4000Nm per hour
3peak flow, carbon dust flow keeps minimum flow to spray into per minute 10-20kg flow interruption.
Embodiment 11
The present embodiment provides a kind of cold heading steel production technique of carrying out improving in embodiment 4, in the present embodiment, in electrosmelting step, in molten steel phosphorus higher than 0.016% time, then stop making foamed slag, the slag charges such as appropriate lime, fluorite should be added, use 4000Nm per hour
3the oxygen of flow blows deeply.
Embodiment 12
The present embodiment provides a kind of cold heading steel production technique of carrying out improving on embodiment 4 basis, and in the present embodiment, in electrosmelting step, after steel scrap is melting down, making foamed slag, carbon-oxygen gun oxygen supply will be switched to 4000Nm per hour
3peak flow, carbon dust flow keeps minimum flow to spray into per minute 10-20kg flow interruption.
Embodiment 13
The present embodiment provides a kind of cold heading steel production technique of carrying out improving in embodiment 4, in the present embodiment, in electrosmelting step, when liquid steel temperature is lower than 1570 DEG C, the arbitrary power of 7-9 shelves can be continued power, if when temperature is higher than 1600 DEG C, then 1-3 shelves (33000-47000kw) arbitrary small power is adopted to power or power failure operation
Embodiment 14
The present embodiment provides a kind of cold heading steel adopting the cold heading steel production technique described in embodiment 2 to produce, and it has the chemical composition of following weight percent: C:0.22%, Si:0.08%, Mn:0.90%, P:0.015%, S:0.018%, Al
t: 0.021%, Cr:0.05%, Ni:0.05%, Cu:0.17%, all the other are Fe.
Embodiment 15
The present embodiment provides a kind of cold heading steel adopting the cold heading steel production technique described in embodiment 3 to produce, its C:0.19%, Si:0.10%, Mn:0.75%, P:0.013%, S:0.015%, Al
t: 0.023%, Cr:0.06%, Ni:0.04%, Cu:0.15%, all the other are Fe.
Embodiment 16
The present embodiment provides a kind of cold heading steel adopting the cold heading steel production technique described in embodiment 4 to produce, its C:0.20%, Si:0.09%, Mn:0.80%, P:0.026%, S:0.012%, Al
t: 0.025%, Cr:0.06%, Ni:0.04%, Cu:0.20%., all the other are Fe.
Embodiment 17
The present embodiment provides a kind of cold heading steel adopting the cold heading steel production technique described in embodiment 5 to produce, its C:0.22%, Si:0.09%, Mn:0.90%, P:0.018%, S:0.035%, Al
t: 0.02%, Cr:0.20%, Ni:0.06%, Cu:0.20%., all the other are Fe.
Embodiment 18
The present embodiment provides a kind of cold heading steel adopting the cold heading steel production technique described in embodiment 6 to produce, its C:0.20%, Si:0.08%, Mn:0.90%, P:0.021%, S:0.013%, Al
t: 0.022%, Cr:0.04%, Ni:0.04%, Cu:0.13%., all the other are Fe.
Embodiment 19
The present embodiment provides a kind of cold heading steel adopting the cold heading steel production technique described in embodiment 7 to produce, its C:0.21%, Si:0.09%, Mn:0.90%, P:0.030%, S:0.019%, Al
t: 0.025%, Cr:0.05%, Ni:0.05%, Cu:0.14%., all the other are Fe.
Embodiment 20
The present embodiment provides a kind of cold heading steel adopting the cold heading steel production technique described in embodiment 8 to produce, its C:0.20%, Si:0.08%, Mn:0.90%, P:0.012%, S:0.020%, Al
t: 0.025%, Cr:0.05%, Ni:0.20%, Cu:0.13%., all the other are Fe.
Embodiment 21
The present embodiment provides a kind of cold heading steel adopting the cold heading steel production technique described in embodiment 9 to produce, its C:0.22%, Si:0.79%, Mn:0.87%, P:0.021%, S:0.015%, Al
t: 0.022%, Cr:0.05%, Ni:0.06%, Cu:0.17%., all the other are Fe.
Embodiment 22
The present embodiment provides a kind of cold heading steel adopting the cold heading steel production technique described in embodiment 10 to produce, its C:0.23%, Si:0.08%, Mn:0.82%, P:0.030%, S:0.014%, Al
t: 0.022%, Cr:0.09%, Ni:0.06%, Cu:0.19%., all the other are Fe.
Embodiment 23
The present embodiment provides a kind of cold heading steel adopting the cold heading steel production technique described in embodiment 11 to produce, its C:0.18%, Si:0.07%, Mn:1.00%, P:0.010%, S:0.018%, Al
t: 0.021%, Cr:0.04%, Ni:0.04%, Cu:0.12%., all the other are Fe.
The normal temperature processing characteristics of cold heading steel of the present invention and the parameter of mechanical property, see the following form:
| Embodiment | Tensile strength (N/mm 2） | Reduction of area % | Cold upsetting 1/3 |
| 14 | 557 | 60 | There is not crackle |
| 15 | 485 | 70 | There is not crackle |
| 16 | 476 | 68 | There is not crackle |
| 17 | 585 | 61 | There is not crackle |
| 18 | 503 | 64 | There is not crackle |
| 19 | 537 | 63 | There is not crackle |
| 20 | 520 | 65 | There is not crackle |
| 21 | 578 | 64 | There is not crackle |
| 22 | 550 | 68 | There is not crackle |
| 23 | 490 | 70 | There is not crackle |
As can be seen from display data in upper table, the cold heading steel produced by cold heading steel production technique of the present invention processability at normal temperatures and mechanical property can meet the performance requriements to cold heading steel in actual use completely, under the cold heading steel normal temperature wherein produced by the cold heading steel production technique of embodiment 23 processability and mechanical property effect best.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for clearly example being described, and the restriction not to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.And thus the apparent change of extending out or variation be still among the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (20)
1. a cold heading steel, is characterized in that, comprises the chemical composition of following weight percent: C:0.18-0.23%, Si≤0.10%, Mn:0.70-1.00%, P≤0.030%, S≤0.035%, Al
trespectively≤0.20%, all the other are Fe for>=0.02%, Cr, Ni, Cu.
2. produce a ladle furnace refining technique for the cold heading steel described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described ladle furnace refining technique in earlier stage, adopt aluminium to carry out degree of depth deoxidation, and disposablely add aluminium consumption, ensure that terminal Holo-Al content is more than 0.02%, then add iron alloy, prevent slag of tapping.
3. ladle furnace refining technique according to claim 2, is characterized in that, adopts lime to make white slag, after white slag is made, makes described white slag keep being no less than 20 minutes under flow state.
4. the ladle furnace refining technique according to Claims 2 or 3, is characterized in that, determines the silico-calcium filament length degree of feeding according to silicon content in molten steel, carries out soft blow argon 5 minutes after feeding silk.
5. the ladle furnace refining technique according to any one of claim 2-4, is characterized in that, the superheating temperature of molten steel controls between 30-35 DEG C.
6. the ladle furnace refining technique according to any one of claim 2-5, it is characterized in that, the weight percent of the chemical composition from this technique molten steel is out controlled as follows: C:0.19-0.22%, Si≤0.10%, Mn:0.75-0.90%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.025%, Al
t>=0.02%, Cr, Ni, Cu are respectively≤0.20%.
7. comprise a production technique for the cold heading steel of the ladle furnace refining technique according to any one of claim 2-6, it is characterized in that, also comprise the continuous casting process after being positioned at electric furnace smelting process before ladle furnace smelting technology and being positioned at ladle furnace smelting technology.
8. the production technique of cold heading steel according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described electric furnace is 100 tons of electric furnaces, described electrosmelting technique specifically comprises batching step, for the first time addition step, energizing step and second time addition step, electrosmelting is made to reach red packet tapping by the cooperation between above-mentioned steps, keep ladle temperature to be greater than 1000 DEG C, tapping temperature controls between 1600-1630 DEG C, endpoint carbon content >=0.06%.
9. the production technique of cold heading steel according to claim 8, is characterized in that, in described batching step, in described 100 tons of electric furnaces, add 15-45 ton molten iron, then allocate steel scrap amount into according to added iron water amount, in described steel scrap, the content of copper is less than 0.22%.
10. the production technique of cold heading steel according to claim 9, is characterized in that, carries out first time and feeds in raw material, in described 100 tons of electric furnaces, add the steel scrap of 30-50 ton or the mixture of steel scrap and the pig iron after described batching step.
The production technique of 11. cold heading steels according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, after described first time addition step, start to be energized to electric furnace, 33000-47000kw power power transmission is adopted at steel scrap and molten iron is melting stage, start after 1.5 minutes, by 65000-75000kw power power transmission, when described 100 tons of electric furnace energy consumptions reach 250kwh/t, to stop powering to described 100 tons of electric furnaces.
The production technique of 12. cold heading steels according to claim 11, it is characterized in that, within the described fusion stage, when described 100 tons of furnace power consumption reach 130kwh/t, or when the steel scrap in described 100 tons of electric stove door districts is rubescent and when having molten bath to be formed, adopt carbon-oxygen gun to carry out steel scrap cutting fluxing operations, and spray into carbon dust with per minute 10-20kg speed discontinuously in described cutting operation process.
The production technique of 13. cold heading steels according to claim 11 or 12, is characterized in that, within the described fusion stage, adds for the lime of desulfurization, fluorite as slag making materials in described 100 tons of electric furnaces.
The production technique of 14. Cold Forging Steels according to any one of claim 11-13, is characterized in that, carry out oxygen blast operation, ensure 2500-4000Nm per hour in the latter stage of described fusion stage
3oxygen flow, oxygen is voltage-controlled is made as 0.9-1.5Mpa, when described 100 tons of electric furnace energy consumptions reach 250kwh/t, stop oxygen blast.
The production technique of 15. cold heading steels according to claim 14, is characterized in that, while carrying out described oxygen blast operation, sprays into carbon dust, and carry out submerged-arc smelting in described 100 tons of electric furnaces with the speed of per minute 10-60kg after having made foamy slag.
The production technique of 16. cold heading steels according to claim 15, it is characterized in that, after described energizing step, start second time reinforced, the steel scrap of 25-45 ton is added in described 100 tons of electric furnaces, again described 100 tons of electric furnaces are energized, and keep 75000-77800kw to power until the fusion stage terminates.
The production technique of 17. cold heading steels according to Claim 8 according to any one of-16; it is characterized in that; in described continuous casting process; adopt submerged nozzle that the molten steel by described ladle furnace refining technique output is introduced tundish; and the molten steel in tundish is introduced crystallizer, described tundish, adopt argon to seal between crystallizer and described submerged nozzle to protect.
The production technique of 18. cold heading steels according to claim 17, is characterized in that, in described crystallizer, adopts the crystallizer protecting residue that composition is following: R:0.86%, SiO
2: 29.5%, CaO:25.5%, Al
2o
3: 10%, Fe
2o
3: 3%, MgO<3%, F:6%, R
2o:4%, C
gu: 16%.
The production technique of 19. cold heading steels according to claim 18, is characterized in that, described crystallizer discharge is per minute 2400-2500 liter, and described crystallizer adopts the induction stirring of frequency 5Hz, electric current 380A.
The production technique of 20. cold heading steels according to claim 19, is characterized in that, in described continuous casting step, controls liquid steel temperature at 1536-1571 DEG C, and adopts the pulling rate of per minute 1.47-1.09 rice.
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Effective date of registration: 20220621 Address after: 3007, Hengqin international financial center building, No. 58, Huajin street, Hengqin new area, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519031 Patentee after: New founder holdings development Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: SUZHOU SUXIN SPECIAL STEEL Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: JIANGSU SUZHOU STEEL GROUP Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100871, Beijing, Haidian District Cheng Fu Road 298, founder building, 9 floor Patentee before: PEKING UNIVERSITY FOUNDER GROUP Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: SUZHOU SUXIN SPECIAL STEEL Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: JIANGSU SUZHOU STEEL GROUP Co.,Ltd. |
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