CN104510474B - Three-dimensional measurement method and system for patella osteotomy - Google Patents
Three-dimensional measurement method and system for patella osteotomy Download PDFInfo
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- A61B5/107—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof
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- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/107—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof
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Abstract
The invention provides a three-dimensional measurement method and a three-dimensional measurement system for patella osteotomy. The method includes the following steps of: S1, establishing a patella three-dimensional digital model based on a medical image of a knee of a patient; S2, introducing the patella three-dimensional digital model by reverse engineering software, forming a new coordinate system based on a patella characteristic adjustment coordinate system, and measuring three-dimensional parameters of the patella base don the new coordinate system; S3 using a computer-assisted virtual technology to simulate patella osteotomy in total knee replacement to virtually cut the patella; S4, measuring the three-dimensional parameters of the remained patella after virtually cutting the patella. According to the three-dimensional measurement method and system for the patella osteotomy, the three-dimensional shape of the patella can be quantitatively analyzed, postoperative the three-dimensional shape of the patella can be accurately analyzed by virtual operation, and thereby operation doctors can fully learn the patella characteristics of the patient before operation, to implement individual bone cutting; in addition, the measured three-dimensional parameters of the patella also can be used for manufacturing patella prostheses.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to three-dimensional measurement based on medical image and preoperative planning technology, more particularly, it relates to a kind of kneecap
Bone osteotomy method for three-dimensional measurement and system.
Background technology
Patella is sesamoid bone maximum in human body, needs to carry out patella at osteotomy at articular surface in total knee arthroplasty
Reason, retains frontal cortex part, and this process is directly connected to the quality of postoperative clinical function, affects the satisfaction of patient.Accurately
Operation technique can reduce the generation of complication to a certain extent.Due to everyone patella shape and differ, if operation
Doctor can fully understand the patella form of patient in the preoperative, it is thus achieved that homologic anatomy index accurately, such as, measure preoperative kneecap
Bone width, length, thickness, the three-dimensional parameter such as facies articularis patellae width, length and central median ridge position, and surplus after grasping osteotomy in advance
The thickness of remaining patella, the three-dimensional parameter such as the width of osteotomy surface and length, ginseng reliably will be provided for the quantization of patella osteotomy in art
Examine index；Simultaneously, it is possible to design offer theoretical foundation for patellar prosthesis.
But, patella shape is the most irregular, lacks and measures with reference to anatomic landmark reliably.The most both at home and abroad in research, greatly
Use carries out entity measuring at two dimension X-ray film or obduction specimen more, and its measurement accuracy is affected by various factors.To the greatest extent
Pipe, patella three-dimensional shape measurement is attempted by small part scholar, but is not all provided that a set of reliable measuring method is for facing
Bed doctor uses.It would therefore be highly desirable to develop a kind of method that can in the preoperative the three-dimensional parameter of patella be accurately measured.
Along with the development of computer technology, computer assisted surgery planning has been applied to multiple subject.This technology can
To be set up the three-dimensional stereo model of patient by the medical image image of preoperative acquisition, it is achieved " visualization " of medical image.But
It is, if using three-dimensional stereo model to realize the measurement of patella parameter, however it remains two problems need to solve.First, mesh
Before also lack effective method to simulate patella bone-culting operation, remain the three-dimensional ginseng of patella after the most just cannot measuring osteotomy in advance
Number.Second, in irregular shape due to patella, when measuring the dimensional parameters of three-dimensional stereo model of patella, different operating people
The co-ordinate system location that member selects may be different, also result in the result property of there are differences measuring same model.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, for existing method can not before patella bone-culting operation to patella three
The defect that dimension parameter is accurately measured, it is provided that a kind of patella osteotomy method for three-dimensional measurement and system.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of patella osteotomy method for three-dimensional measurement of structure,
Comprise the following steps:
S1, set up patella three-dimensional digitalization model based on the kneed medical image data of patient；
S2, imported described patella three-dimensional digitalization model by reverse engineering software, and based on patella Character adjustment coordinate
It is that position forms new coordinate system, based on this new coordinate system, measures the three-dimensional parameter of patella；
S3, employing area of computer aided virtual technology, patella bone-culting operation in simulation total knee arthroplasty, patella is carried out
Virtual osteotomy；
The three-dimensional parameter of patella is remained after S4, measurement virtual osteotomy.
According in patella osteotomy method for three-dimensional measurement of the present invention, described step S1 is particularly as follows: pass through medical science shadow
As software imports the patient's knee joint CT/MRI tomoscan image preserved in dicom format, have not according to bone and soft tissue
With the feature of gray value, carry out image segmentation and repairing, calculate and obtain patella three-dimensional digitalization model, and save as PLY form.
According in patella osteotomy method for three-dimensional measurement of the present invention, described step S2 specifically includes:
S21, imported described patella three-dimensional digitalization model by reverse engineering software, before using selection instrument to select patella
Cortex surface, according to principle of least square method matching the first plane, and selects 2 establishment the first straight lines at patella central median ridge；
S22, based on patella Character adjustment co-ordinate system location, make X/Y plane and described first planar registration, Y-axis and described the
One aligned, to form new coordinate system；
S23, based on this new coordinate system by constraint frame instrument measure patella three-dimensional parameter.
According in patella osteotomy method for three-dimensional measurement of the present invention, described step S3 specifically includes: by inversely
The clipping tool of engineering software, selects to cut out according to characteristic plane, the virtual osteotomy being parallel to described first plane that will generate
Plane moves in parallel to the lateral articular face minimum point of patella along Z axis, to simulate patella osteotomy hands in total knee arthroplasty
Art, carries out virtual osteotomy rear enclosed osteotomy surface to patella.
According in patella osteotomy method for three-dimensional measurement of the present invention, described step S4 specifically includes: by inversely
The constraint frame instrument of engineering software remains the three-dimensional parameter of patella after measuring virtual osteotomy, including residue patella thickness, osteotomy surface
Width and length.
The present invention further correspondingly provides a kind of patella osteotomy three-dimension measuring system, including:
Model building module, for setting up patella three-dimensional digitalization model based on the kneed medical image data of patient；
Coordinate modification module, for importing described patella three-dimensional digitalization model by reverse engineering software, and based on kneecap
Bone characteristics adjusts co-ordinate system location and forms new coordinate system, measures the three-dimensional parameter of patella based on this new coordinate system；
Virtual osteotomy module, is used for using area of computer aided virtual technology, patella osteotomy in simulation total knee arthroplasty
Operation, carries out virtual osteotomy to patella；
Osteotomy parameters measurement module, remains the three-dimensional parameter of patella after measuring virtual osteotomy.
According in patella osteotomy three-dimension measuring system of the present invention, described model building module is in the following manner
Set up patella three-dimensional digitalization model based on the kneed medical image data of patient: by medical image software import with
Patient's knee joint CT/MRI tomoscan image that DICOM format preserves, has the spy of different gray value according to bone from soft tissue
Levy, carry out image segmentation and repairing, calculate and obtain patella three-dimensional digitalization model, and save as PLY form.
According in patella osteotomy three-dimension measuring system of the present invention, described coordinate modification module specifically includes:
Feature selection unit, for importing described patella three-dimensional digitalization model by reverse engineering software, uses and selects
Instrument selects patella frontal cortex surface, according to principle of least square method matching the first plane, and selects two at patella central median ridge
Point creates the first straight line；
Coordinate Adjusting unit, for based on patella Character adjustment co-ordinate system location, makes X/Y plane and described first plane pair
Together, Y-axis and described first aligned, to form new coordinate system；
Patella parameter measurement unit, for measuring the three-dimensional ginseng of patella based on this new coordinate system by constraint frame instrument
Number.
According in patella osteotomy three-dimension measuring system of the present invention, described virtual osteotomy module is in the following manner
Patella is carried out virtual osteotomy: by the clipping tool of reverse engineering software, select to cut out according to characteristic plane, flat by generate
Row moves in parallel to the lateral articular face minimum point of patella along Z axis in the virtual osteotomy plane of described first plane, with simulation
Patella bone-culting operation in total knee arthroplasty, carries out virtual osteotomy rear enclosed osteotomy surface to patella.
According in patella osteotomy three-dimension measuring system of the present invention, described osteotomy parameters measurement module is by reverse
The constraint frame instrument of engineering software remains the three-dimensional parameter of patella after measuring virtual osteotomy, including residue patella thickness, osteotomy surface
Width and length.
Implement patella osteotomy method for three-dimensional measurement and the system of the present invention, have the advantages that
1, the present invention utilizes computer virtual technology to provide a kind of to measure patella three-dimensional parameter and carry out virtual osteotomy
Technical scheme, it is possible to patella three-dimensional configuration is carried out quantitative analysis, and can accurately analyze postoperative patella three by virtual operation
Dimension form so that surgical doctor can fully understand the patella form of this patient in the preoperative, implements " personalized " osteotomy, contributes to
Improve postoperative clinical effectiveness；
2, the perioperative three-dimensional data of patella virtual osteotomy that the present invention obtains can also be used to make patellar prosthesis, especially
It can carry out measure prostheses parameter according to the patella parameter of current patents, improves the matching degree of prosthese in operation；
3, for the irregular characteristic of patella, co-ordinate system location is adjusted by present invention feature based on patella, makes
The data measured are the most accurate, by during subjectivity operation the impact of result is minimized, ensured measurement result
Concordance, proves (ICC value 0.80～0.99) and same observer between this measuring method different observers by statistical test
Between the measurement concordance of (ICC value 0.86～0.98) higher, can promote the use of.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the patella osteotomy method for three-dimensional measurement according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the patella three-dimensional digitalization model schematic diagram imported by reverse engineering software；
Fig. 3 is by the schematic diagram of patella bone-culting operation in reverse engineering software simulation total knee arthroplasty；
Fig. 4 is the module diagram of the patella osteotomy three-dimension measuring system according to the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, right
The present invention is further elaborated.
The patella osteotomy method for three-dimensional measurement of the present invention refers to, by computer means, measure the three-dimensional ginseng of preoperative patella
Number, such as patella width, length, thickness, the three-dimensional parameter such as facies articularis patellae width, length and central median ridge position, passes through simultaneously
Computer virtual means simulation patella bone-culting operation, determines osteotomy surface position, and the thickness to residue patella, the width of osteotomy surface
And the three-dimensional parameter such as length measures.
Refer to Fig. 1, for the flow chart of the patella osteotomy method for three-dimensional measurement according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.Such as Fig. 1
Shown in, the patella osteotomy method for three-dimensional measurement that this embodiment provides comprises the following steps:
1, in step sl, patella three-dimensional digitalization model is set up based on the kneed medical image data of patient.
Specifically, the present invention needs to obtain patient's knee joint CT/MRI tomoscan image in advance.Subsequently, by medical science shadow
As software imports this CT/MRI tomoscan image, there is from soft tissue according to bone the feature of different gray value, carry out image and divide
Cut and repair, calculate and obtain patella three-dimensional digitalization model, and store standby.Medical image software employed in the present invention can
Think Mimics 17.0 or other same type software.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, based on medical image software
Mimics 17.0 realizes this step, the most in advance by patient's knee joint CT/MRI tomoscan image of acquisition the most in dicom format
Preserve, be conducted into subsequently in medical image software Mimics 17.0, after carrying out three-dimensional reconstruction, obtain patella three-dimensional digital mould
Type, standby with the storage of PLY form.
2, in step s 2, import patella three-dimensional digitalization model by reverse engineering software, and adjust based on patella feature
Whole co-ordinate system location, sets up new coordinate system, measures the three-dimensional parameter of patella based on this new coordinate system.
Reverse engineering software employed in the present invention can be Geomagic Studio 2014 or other same type
Software.It is illustrated in figure 2 the patella three-dimensional digitalization model imported by reverse engineering software Geomagic Studio 2014
Schematic diagram.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, this step is realized based on Geomagic Studio2014, based on kneecap
Bone characteristics adjusts co-ordinate system location, makes the three-dimensional parameter recorded more meet the morphological characteristic of patella.The three-dimensional parameter of this patella
The three-dimensional parameter such as including patella width, length, thickness, facies articularis patellae width, length and central median ridge position.
3, in step s3, use area of computer aided virtual technology, simulate patella bone-culting operation in total knee arthroplasty,
Patella is carried out virtual osteotomy.Fig. 3 is by the showing of patella bone-culting operation in reverse engineering software simulation total knee arthroplasty
It is intended to.Specifically, can select to cut out according to characteristic plane, with this spy generated by the clipping tool of reverse engineering software
Levy plane and represent virtual osteotomy plane, mobile to patella bone-culting operation needs the position that intercepts, i.e. the position of facies articularis patellae,
Osteotomy surface is closed, to realize virtual osteotomy after cutting out.In Fig. 3, the top of shadow representation is for cut out at facies articularis patellae
Patella part, bottom is remaining patella part.
4, in step s 4, the three-dimensional parameter of patella is remained after measuring virtual osteotomy.With reverse engineering software Geomagic
As a example by Studio 2014, surplus after virtual osteotomy can being measured by the constraint frame instrument (bonding box) of reverse engineering software
The three-dimensional parameter of remaining patella, including residue patella thickness, the width of osteotomy surface and length.
The patella osteotomy method for three-dimensional measurement of the present invention, utilizes computer virtual technology to provide a kind of measurement patella three-dimensional
Parameter and carry out the technical scheme of virtual osteotomy, it is possible to set up the 3 D stereo of patient by the medical image image of preoperative acquisition
Model, carries out morphometry and virtual patella osteotomy by reverse engineering software, such that it is able to measure art on threedimensional model
The three-dimensional parameter of front patella, utilizes the clipping tool of reverse engineering software to cut out according to characteristic plane, it is achieved virtual osteotomy simultaneously,
And after measuring osteotomy, remain the three-dimensional parameter of patella.Therefore, surgical doctor can fully understand the patella of this patient in the preoperative
Form, is operated by osteotomy in virtual art, implements " personalized " osteotomy, remains the morphological indexes of patella after obtaining osteotomy, will
It is favorably improved postoperative clinical effectiveness.Further, it is also possible to utilize the perioperative three-dimensional of patella virtual osteotomy that the present invention obtains
Data make patellar prosthesis, especially can carry out measure prostheses parameter according to the patella parameter of current patents, improve prosthese in operation
Matching degree.
It is that co-ordinate system location is adjusted by feature based on patella in place of another original creation of the present invention so that it is survey
The data measured are the most accurate, and ensured the concordance of measurement result.Correspondingly, it is preferable to carry out at another of the present invention
In example, step S2 may further include following steps:
(1) first, in the step s 21, import patella three-dimensional digitalization model by reverse engineering software, use and select work
Tool selects patella frontal cortex surface, according to principle of least square method matching the first plane 2, and selects 2 points at patella central median ridge
Create the first straight line 1.
Specifically, the patella three-dimensional digitalization model preserved with PLY form can be imported reverse engineering software
Geomagic Studio 2014, uses selection instrument to select patella frontal cortex surface, as closed in the irregular patella model of Fig. 2
The cambered surface region smoothly transitted below nodal section.The present invention can be manually selected kneecap by computer and the mutual of user by user
The region at place, bone frontal cortex surface, it is also possible to determined the district at place, patella frontal cortex surface by computer by the algorithm carried
Territory.Subsequently, according to principle of least square method, such as the method for least square plane fitting instrument matching carried by reverse engineering software
Go out the first plane 2.After least square fitting so that this patella frontal cortex surface to this first plane 2 away from
It is minimum from quadratic sum.In this step, in addition it is also necessary at patella central median ridge, select at 2 create the first straight line 1.
(2) subsequently, in step S22, based on patella Character adjustment co-ordinate system location, make X/Y plane and the first plane 2 right
Together, Y-axis is alignd with the first straight line 1, to form new coordinate system.In Fig. 2, it is X/Y plane and first by the position adjustment of coordinate system
Plane 2 is parallel, and Y-axis is parallel with the first straight line 1.
(3) last, in step S23, measured by constraint frame instrument (bonding box) based on this new coordinate system
The three-dimensional parameter of patella, including patella width, length, thickness, the three-dimensional ginseng such as facies articularis patellae width, length and central median ridge position
Number.
At present, when the three-dimensional dimension using computer virtual technology to carry out Measuring Object model, in particular for irregularly
During object, generally the most subjectively selected coordinate system by operator, and co-ordinate system location difference will make the length of measurement
The data such as degree, width and height are different.For patella model, if being selected coordinate system by operator's subjectivity, also
Final patella three-dimensional parameter measurement result can be made to there is bigger randomness.Although by selecting instrument to select in the present invention
Selecting patella frontal cortex surface link and there is subjectivity, the patella frontal cortex surface that i.e. different personnel choose there may be difference, but
It is that the present invention can overcome this problem by the method for adjustment of subsequent coordinates system, and the difference of last measurement result is dropped to
Little.
The present invention, by randomly drawing 20 example patella in digitized bone bank, is carried out three-dimensional measurement by two independent doctors, point
Not Huo get the width of built patella model, length, thickness, facies articularis patellae width, length and central median ridge position and virtual osteotomy
The thickness of rear residue patella, the parameter such as osteotomy surface width, length；It addition, repeated after being spaced one month by wherein doctor
Measure the above-mentioned parameter of 20 example patellas, statistical method record ICC between different observers (interclass correlation coefficient) value be 0.80～
0.99, between same observer, ICC value is 0.86～0.98, thus proves that the concordance that the measuring method of the present invention is measured is higher,
Can promote the use of.
Correspondingly, the present invention determining, the method for virtual osteotomy plane also improves the accuracy of virtual osteotomy operation.?
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S3 can be selected according to feature by the clipping tool of reverse engineering software
Plane Crop, and the virtual osteotomy plane being parallel to the first plane 2 generated is moved in parallel the lateral articular to patella along Z axis
At the minimum point of face, i.e. virtual osteotomy plane 3 in Fig. 3.Based on virtual osteotomy plane 3 determined by new coordinate system, it is located substantially on
The articular surface position of patella, it is ensured that the precision of virtual osteotomy operation.
The present invention further correspondingly provides a kind of patella osteotomy three-dimension measuring system.Refer to Fig. 4, for the kneecap according to the present invention
The module diagram of bone osteotomy three-dimension measuring system.As shown in Figure 4, this patella osteotomy three-dimension measuring system 100 includes: model is built
Formwork erection block 10, coordinate modification module 20, virtual osteotomy module 30 and osteotomy parameters measurement module 40.
Wherein, model building module 10 is for setting up patella three-dimensional digital based on the kneed medical image data of patient
Model.This model building module 10 can realize based on medical image software, includes but not limited to Mimics 17.0.Specifically,
In advance patient's knee joint CT/MRI tomoscan image of acquisition is preserved, in dicom format subsequently by soft based on medical image
The model building module 10 of part Mimics 17.0 obtains and imports this DICOM format file, has different from soft tissue according to bone
The feature of gray value, carries out image segmentation and repairing, calculates and obtains patella three-dimensional digitalization model, and standby with the storage of PLY form
With.
Coordinate modification module 20 is for importing patella three-dimensional digitalization model by reverse engineering software and special based on patella
Requisition whole co-ordinate system location and form new coordinate system, based on this new coordinate system, measure the three-dimensional parameter of patella, as shown in Figure 2.
This coordinate modification module 20 can realize based on reverse engineering software, includes but not limited to Geomagic Studio 2014.?
The three-dimensional parameter of the patella measured in this step includes patella width, length, thickness, facies articularis patellae width, length and central authorities
The three-dimensional parameters such as ridge position.
Virtual osteotomy module 30 is used for using area of computer aided virtual technology, patella osteotomy in simulation total knee arthroplasty
Operation, carries out virtual osteotomy to patella.This virtual osteotomy module 30 can also realize based on reverse engineering software, including but do not limit
In Geomagic Studio 2014.Specifically, virtual osteotomy module 30 can be selected by the clipping tool of reverse engineering software
Select and cut out according to characteristic plane, represent virtual osteotomy plane with this feature plane generated, move and need to patella bone-culting operation
The position of position to be intercepted, i.e. facies articularis patellae, closes osteotomy surface, to realize virtual osteotomy, the most such as after cutting out
Shown in Fig. 3.
Osteotomy parameters measurement module 40 remains the three-dimensional parameter of patella after measuring virtual osteotomy.This osteotomy parameter measurement
Module 40 can also realize based on reverse engineering software, includes but not limited to Geomagic Studio 2014.Osteotomy parameter is surveyed
Amount module 40 can remain patella after measuring virtual osteotomy by the constraint frame instrument (bonding box) of reverse engineering software
Three-dimensional parameter, including residue patella thickness, the width of osteotomy surface and length.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, coordinate modification module 10 specifically includes: feature selection unit, coordinate
Adjustment unit and patella parameter measurement unit.
Wherein feature selection unit is for importing patella three-dimensional digitalization model by reverse engineering software, uses and selects work
Tool selects patella frontal cortex surface, according to principle of least square method matching the first plane 2, and selects 2 points at patella central median ridge
Create the first straight line 1.Specifically, the patella three-dimensional digitalization model preserved with PLY form can be imported reverse engineering software
Geomagic Studio 2014, uses selection instrument to select patella frontal cortex surface, as closed in the irregular patella model of Fig. 2
The cambered surface region smoothly transitted below nodal section.This Coordinate Adjusting unit can receiving by user by computer and user alternately
The patella frontal cortex surface data manually selected, it is also possible to determined patella frontal cortex surface by the algorithm carried by computer.
Subsequently, according to principle of least square method, the method for least square plane fitting instrument as carried by reverse engineering software is simulated
First plane 2.After least square fitting, so that this patella frontal cortex surface is to the distance of this first plane 2
Quadratic sum is minimum.Feature selection unit can also select at patella central median ridge according to the input of user or the algorithm carried
2 create the first straight line 1.
Coordinate Adjusting unit, for based on patella Character adjustment co-ordinate system location, makes X/Y plane align with the first plane 2, Y
Axle aligns with the first straight line 1, to form new coordinate system.In Fig. 2, it is X/Y plane and the first plane by the position adjustment of coordinate system
2 is parallel, and Y-axis is parallel with the first straight line 1.
Patella parameter measurement unit is for measuring by constraint frame instrument (bonding box) based on this new coordinate system
The three-dimensional parameter of patella, including patella width, length, thickness, the three-dimensional ginseng such as facies articularis patellae width, length and central median ridge position
Number.
Correspondingly, the present invention determining, the method for virtual osteotomy plane also improves the accuracy of virtual osteotomy operation.?
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, virtual osteotomy module 30 can select root by the clipping tool of reverse engineering software
Cut out according to characteristic plane, and the virtual osteotomy plane being parallel to the first plane 2 generated is moved in parallel outside patella along Z axis
At the articular surface minimum point of side, i.e. virtual osteotomy plane 3 in Fig. 3.Based on virtual osteotomy plane 3 determined by new coordinate system, substantially
On be positioned at the articular surface position of patella, it is ensured that the precision of virtual osteotomy operation.
Therefore, the patella osteotomy three-dimension measuring system 100 of the present invention can be implemented in combination in by soft and hardware.This system
Can by permanent computer readable medium and/or storage medium, and/or permanent machine readable medium and/or storage matchmaker
Being situated between and realize, machine code and/or the computer program of their storage include at least one code segment, at least one code segment described
Performed by machine and/or computer, so that this machine and/or computer perform the step of above-mentioned patella osteotomy three-dimensional measurement.
The present invention can also be realized by computer system.The present invention can be real at least one computer system in a centralised manner
Existing, or realized by the different piece in the computer system being distributed in several interconnection with a scattered manner.Any can realize institute
Computer system or the miscellaneous equipment of stating method are all applicatory.The combination of conventional software and hardware can be to be provided with computer journey
The general-purpose computing system of sequence.The present invention can also be embedded into computer program and implement, and program comprises and is capable of
Whole features of method of the present invention, when it is installed in computer system, it is possible to achieve these methods of the present invention.
It should be appreciated that, the patella osteotomy method for three-dimensional measurement of the present invention is identical with implementation with the principle of system,
Therefore in the present invention, specific descriptions to patella osteotomy method for three-dimensional measurement embodiment are also adapted to the patella osteotomy three of the present invention
Dimension measurement system.
The present invention is described according to specific embodiment, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that without departing from this
During bright scope, various change and equivalent can be carried out.Additionally, be specific occasion or the material adapting to the technology of the present invention, can be right
The present invention carries out many amendments without deviating from its protection domain.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to specific embodiment disclosed herein,
And include all embodiments dropping into claims.
Claims (8)
1. a patella osteotomy method for three-dimensional measurement, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
S1, set up patella three-dimensional digitalization model based on the kneed medical image data of patient；
S2, imported described patella three-dimensional digitalization model by reverse engineering software, and based on patella Character adjustment coordinate system position
Put the new coordinate system of formation, based on this new coordinate system, measure the three-dimensional parameter of patella；
S3, employing area of computer aided virtual technology, patella bone-culting operation in simulation total knee arthroplasty, patella is carried out virtual
Osteotomy；
The three-dimensional parameter of patella is remained after S4, measurement virtual osteotomy；
Described step S2 specifically includes:
S21, imported described patella three-dimensional digitalization model by reverse engineering software, use selection instrument to select patella frontal cortex
Surface, according to principle of least square method matching the first plane, and selects 2 establishment the first straight lines at patella central median ridge；
S22, based on patella Character adjustment co-ordinate system location, make X/Y plane and described first planar registration, Y-axis is first straight with described
Line aligns, to form new coordinate system；
S23, based on this new coordinate system by constraint frame instrument measure patella three-dimensional parameter.
Patella osteotomy method for three-dimensional measurement the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step S1 is particularly as follows: lead to
Cross medical image software and import patient's knee joint CT/MRI tomoscan image of preserving in dicom format, according to bone with soft group
Knit the feature with different gray value, carry out image segmentation and repairing, calculate and obtain patella three-dimensional digitalization model, and save as
PLY form.
Patella osteotomy method for three-dimensional measurement the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step S3 specifically includes:
By the clipping tool of reverse engineering software, select to cut out according to characteristic plane, described first plane that is parallel to that will generate
Virtual osteotomy plane moves in parallel to the lateral articular face minimum point of patella along Z axis, to simulate kneecap in total knee arthroplasty
Bone bone-culting operation, carries out virtual osteotomy rear enclosed osteotomy surface to patella.
Patella osteotomy method for three-dimensional measurement the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step S4 specifically includes:
The three-dimensional parameter of patella is remained after measuring virtual osteotomy by the constraint frame instrument of reverse engineering software, thick including residue patella
Degree, the width of osteotomy surface and length.
5. a patella osteotomy three-dimension measuring system, it is characterised in that including:
Model building module, for setting up patella three-dimensional digitalization model based on the kneed medical image data of patient；
Coordinate modification module is for importing described patella three-dimensional digitalization model by reverse engineering software and special based on patella
Requisition whole co-ordinate system location and form new coordinate system, based on this new coordinate system, measure the three-dimensional parameter of patella；
Virtual osteotomy module, is used for using area of computer aided virtual technology, simulates patella bone-culting operation in total knee arthroplasty,
Patella is carried out virtual osteotomy；
Osteotomy parameters measurement module, remains the three-dimensional parameter of patella after measuring virtual osteotomy；
Described coordinate modification module specifically includes:
Feature selection unit, for importing described patella three-dimensional digitalization model by reverse engineering software, uses selection instrument
Select patella frontal cortex surface, according to principle of least square method matching the first plane, and at patella central median ridge, select 2 wounds
Build the first straight line；
Coordinate Adjusting unit, for based on patella Character adjustment co-ordinate system location, makes X/Y plane and described first planar registration, Y
Axle and described first aligned, to form new coordinate system；
Patella parameter measurement unit, for measuring the three-dimensional parameter of patella based on this new coordinate system by constraint frame instrument.
Patella osteotomy three-dimension measuring system the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described model building module passes through
In the following manner sets up patella three-dimensional digitalization model based on the kneed medical image data of patient: led by medical image software
Enter the patient's knee joint CT/MRI tomoscan image preserved in dicom format, according to bone, there is from soft tissue different gray value
Feature, carry out image segmentation and repairing, calculate and obtain patella three-dimensional digitalization model, and save as PLY form.
Patella osteotomy three-dimension measuring system the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described virtual osteotomy module is passed through
In the following manner carries out virtual osteotomy to patella: by the clipping tool of reverse engineering software, selects to cut out according to characteristic plane, will
The virtual osteotomy plane being parallel to described first plane generated moves in parallel the lateral articular face minimum point to patella along Z axis
Place, to simulate patella bone-culting operation in total knee arthroplasty, carries out virtual osteotomy rear enclosed osteotomy surface to patella.
Patella osteotomy three-dimension measuring system the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described osteotomy parameters measurement module
The three-dimensional parameter of patella is remained after measuring virtual osteotomy by the constraint frame instrument of reverse engineering software, thick including residue patella
Degree, the width of osteotomy surface and length.
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